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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron Expositor, 1935-08-02, Page 31 ft w 0A • an'sEnemy, theRth. I(1Oondemsed from- "Rats, Lice and History" in Reader's Digest), More than any !other species of an- imal, the rat and Mouse have become dependent_ on man, and in so doing they have developed characteristics %wthiich are amazingly human. In the ' firslb place, like man, the rat 4s prac- Itically carnivorous. It eats anything that lets it, and devours its own kind under strew. It adulate itself to all (rinds of climates. It climbs and it ' awiims. It knows how to organize hordes, and unlike any ether spec- ies of living things except man, it makes ferocious war 'upon its own kind. There is no certain knowledge, of rats in Europe until shortly after the 'Crusaders. But after its first ap- stearanee, the QVtus rattus, or black rat, spread across Euro.. e witlea" a speed superior even to that 'of the white man in the Americas. Before the end of the thirteenth century it had become a pest. The legend of the Rattenfanger von (Hameln, who piped the children into the hollow "K'oppenberg because thetown refus- ed his pay for piping the rats into the Weser, is placed( at or about 1284. By this time the rat had penetrated hito England. By 'Shakespeare's time the black rat was so formidable la nuisance that days of prayer for protection against its ravages were set aside and rat catdhers were im- portant offrials. For twice as long as the Vandals lhad their day, in North Afriqa, or the Saracens in 'Spain, the 'black rats had their own. way in Europe. Their reign covered the periodsof the de- waatating epidemics of plague that swept through the battle areas of the Thirty Years' War and• the later nines of the 17th century. That they played the leading part in these epi- demies seeme beyond question. But ' jest as the established civ- ilizations of Nurthera Europe were wept aside by mass invasions of 'barbarians from, the East( so the black rat was eventually wiped out With the incursion of the hordes of the brown . rat, or Mus de+cumanus-- the ferocious, short -nosed and short- tailell Asiatic that swept .across the Continent in the early 18th century. it 1727 great mas'ses of these rats swam across the Volga . after an ea'r'thquake, invading Astrakhan. Thee were seen in Prussia in 1760. ary 1775 the brown rat had come to America from England. It appears to have had a hard time only in aoountries where the population is what is spoken of as "thrifty." It 'has never done well in Scotland or among the Swiss. At ;the present time the 'brawn rat, or/common rat, has spread across the North Ameri- 4can continent from Panama to Alas- ka, has penetrated to all the less (tropical par't's of South America, to the •South Sea Islands, to New Zea- land and to Australia. In fact, it Inas conquered the world. Only the -extreme cold of Greenland does not seem to attract it Wherever it has gone, it has driv- en out the black rat and ail rival,. rodents that compete with it. From the point of view of all other living a creatures, the rat is an unmitigated nuisance and pest. There is nothing that can be said in its favor. It bur- rows for itself wlhen it has to, but 'when it can, it takes over the habi- tations of other animals, such as rab- bits, and kills them and their young. it carries diseases of man and anim- als= -plague, typhus, trichinella spir- alis, rat -bite fever, infectious jaun- dice. Its destructiveness is almost unlimited. - Dr. Lantz, of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, has made some approximate estimates of this, as follows: Rats eat Indian corn, both during growth and in the cribs, and have been known to get away with half the crop. A single rat can eat from 40 to 54 pounds a year. They destroy merchandise, both stored and in transit, books, leather, 9raaness, gl!otv'es, cloth, fruit, v'ege- ta'b_}es, peanuts, etc. The rat is the greatest enemy of pearly% killing chicks, young rue - keys, ducks, pigeons; also eating en- brrnouls numbers of eggs. They attack bulbs, seeds and young- plants ungplants or flowers, They cause enormous damage to buildings, by gnawing wood, pipes, -walls and foundations. IHagenbeck had to kill three eleph- ants because the rats had gnawed WILSONS REALLY KILL One pad kills flies all day and every day for 2 or 3 weeks. 3 pads in each packet. No spraying, no stickiness, no bad odor. Ask your Druggist, • Grocery or General Store. 10 CENTS PER PACKET ' WHY PAY MORE? THE WILSON ELY PAD CO., Hamilton, Ont. their feet. Rafts have ki'l'led young lambs and gnawed holes in the bel- lies of fat swine. They have gnawed holes in darts and started floods; they have started fires by'gnawing matches; they ,have bitten hole's in mull. sad* . and eaten the mall; they have caused famines in India by wholesale crop &strut- tion. VIlhey have nibbled at the ears and noses of infants, in their cribs•; starv- ing rats 'once devoured a man who entered a disused coal mine. A rat census is obviously impos- sible, but we can appraise the rat population by the numbers that are killed in organized rat campaigns. In 1881 there ware a rat plague in certain districts of India. Rewards offered led to the killing of over 12,- 000,000 rats. De. Lantz thinks that it most of our cities there are as many rates as people. The tremendous speed with whiioh rats swarmed over the oomtinents o.f the world can be readily understood if one reads the observations of ac- tual rat migrations made in modern times. The seasonal migration of rats from (buildings to the open fields takes place with the corning of the warm weather and „the growth of vegetation; and a return to shelter follows with the ,00ld weather. Dr. Lantz tells us that in 1903 hordes of rats migrated over several countries In western Illinois, suddenly appear- ing when for several years no alb - normal numbers had been seen•. An eye -witness 'stated) that one Moon- light night he heard a rustling in a nearby field and saw a great army 'of rats cross the road in front of him. The horde stretched' as far as he could see in the moRsnlight. Heavy damage was caused in the''entire sur- rounding country of farms' and vil- lage's in the ensuing winter and sum- mer. On one farm, in the month of April, about 350e rats were caught in traps. Lantz himself ;;aw a simi- lar migration in the• valley of the Kansas River in 1904. In England a general inrovement of rats inland from the coast oceurs' every October at the close of the herring season. During .the herring cattle rats swarm all over the coast, attracted by the food supply of herring cleaning; when it is over they go back to their regular haunts. IIn South America rat plagues are periodic in Parana, in Brazil, and oc- cur at intervals of about 30 years. Ir. Chile the same thing has been ob- served, ,at 'intervals of 25 to 25 years. Studies otf these migrations have shown that the rat plagues are as- sociated with the ripening and decay of a dgmrinant. species of 'baraboe in• each country, For a year or (two the ripening seed in the forests' sup- plies a favorite food for the rats. They multiply enormously, and ev- entually, this food supply .. failing, they go back to the cultivated areas. A famine was caused in 1878 in the state of Parana by the wholesale d'e- •structilon of the corn, rice and man- di'oca crops by rats. Man and the rat are, so far, the most ,successful animals of prey. They are utterly destructive of other forms of life, Unlike plants, bacter- ia, 'insects, birds, neither of them is of the slightest use to any other species of living rthings. Gradually .these two have spread across• the earth, keerping pace with each other and unable to destroy each other, though continually hostile, Man and the rat will E,Iways be pitted against each other as implacable enemies. and the rat's most potent weapons against Mankind have •been its per- petual maintenance of the infectious agents of plague and of typhus fev- er. Sunday Afternoon (Continues) frim Pale 2) Males and im!temested friends, some measure of ;help and cheer has !been given. Orse father, to express his gratitude; (painted the vesicle of the clluirch and stead rooms. A group of mothers spent a (busy day cleaning. Me interior of the building and on the following Sunday, 'Mtother'aa' Day, 'glowed with px'ide as They looked up- on the result of their )aborts in "their" church. In all groups there has been a growing loyalty and desire for sers vice and we have our 'own older ,girls as .tea'dhene in primary. classes, as- sistants at children's clubs, pianist at vesper service and secretary for the church sidhool. LONDON„ ONT. Friendship House.—/Many of our people are out of work and that seems to bring so many other .problems. It causes disteontent and discouragement and often there are family quarrels and a lowering +of the moral stand- ards. At lone home where the father was remonstrated with for making money by unlawful means he said: "Well, you know my wife is not well and has been at Byron Sanitordum. Slhe needs nourishing food and I can- not buy it on the relief money I get. I have tried everywhere for Week and have had none for a year, except What the eity gives to pay my rent. I do not want to get money in • this way either, but what would' you do if you were in my place?" One feels sa helpless in the midst of such' dif- ficulties. • WINDSOR, ONT. The Bordier Cities All Peoples' Mis- sion.—The year 1933 has been a re- markable year in many ways and I have learned so much from the people of this community. I honestly be- lieve that these people, representing fourteen nationalities), are eager to be the right sort of citizens and to db their part in bringing in a new so- cial order. The questions they have put to me regarding municipal, pro- vincial and federal management of our country have startled me—yes, to the extent 'that -they have sent me on an intelligent expedition of re- search to find out a great deal about these matters It is quite interest- ing to see the .men coming to discuss current events, etc., and together to try to get some light as to how we may do our part tali' build this new social order or at least get at the source 'o'f our troubles to -day. --Olive Jane Whyte, VARNA Mrs. Wm.. Clark's many friend's will 'be glad to hear she is improv- ing. Mrs, Schell and family have re- turned to Detroit after a lengthy visit with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. A. Austin. 'Mrs. Fred Austin has gone to Flint, Mich., to visit her mother: (Mrs. William Denn•isen and son, of Thamesville, were calling on their many friends hereabouts. Miss Hattie A. Johnshon, of Toron- to, is spending several weeks with her sister, Mrs. A. F. Robertson and Mr. Robertson. 'Mrs. O: A. Lutz and two sons, Rod- ney and Roland, have returned to their home in Elmira after spending a week with Mrs. Lutz's aunt and uncle, Mr. and Mrs•. A. F. Robinson, Under Load of Lumber A horse was completely buried un- der a pile of lumber at the Gocleri,rh Manufacturing Company's yard on Monday. The horse was one of a team that was pulling a load of lum- ber. The driver cramped the team in too short a turn and the load of lum- ber collapsed, falling on one animal. The lumber was removed as quickly as rposeible and the horse struggled to its feet, badly bruised and cut. Such were the horse's injuries that it was unable to -work for a few days.—Goch erich Signal. COOL .. REFRESHING Seeds Remain Dormant The faculty of weed seeds to' re- main alive in 'the 'grlound' without germinating, somatdm'es •for many years, Is perhaps one of the must important reasons wthy it is so dif- ficult to eradicate annual weeds from the land. Wild o'at and wild mustard seeds have been studied in the Weed •Research Nursery at the University of Saskatchewan by T.'K. Pavlychenite of the Associate Committee of Weed Control of the Dominion Department of Agriculture and the National Re- search Council. Results of these studies show that the majority of wild oat seeds, mixed with soil and buried ab different depths ranging from one to seven inches below the surface, germinated in about one month's time. Some seeds, however, remained dormant much longer. A germination test made 35 months lat- ter showed nearly one per cent. of dormant iseecls frlom lower depths. These results again point to the same fact that deep ploughing at least un- der dry farming conditions, has no ,justification for its use, and is de- cidedly unsatisfactory foe controlling wild oats. A considerable difference exists as to the percentage of d'or- nvant seeds in rwild oat and wild erns - lard seed lots freshly matured and those kept in storage for .ene or sev- eral years. A new seed) sample sown in 'the fall contains at least two-thirds of dormant seeds, rgerminating read- ily next spring pr'act'ically 100 , per cent. The older seeds germinate up to 70 or more per cent. shortly after seeding, but the remaining seed ex- hibit a long dormancy frequently ex- tending to the third years after seed- ing. Valuable Canning Industry The commercial feed business in Canada is growing rapidly. It has become firmly rooted and is here to stay. IIt has possibilities for wonder- ful development within the domestic field, says the June issue of the Can- adian Society of Technical Agricul- turists Review, and is capable of be- coming. one of the most potent fac- tors in the development of the Cana- dian poultry and live stock inda's- tnies, All commercial mixed feeds in Canada are su'bjeot to the regula- tions of the Feeding Stuffs Act which i administered by the Seed Branch of the Dominion Department of Ag- riculture, and each year every feed manufacturer must register with the •D'epartm'ent the ingredients and chemical analyses of all mixed feeds. Also, a list of the ingredients and of the guaranteed chemical analysis of each feed as to protein, fat and fibre must. be plainly printed on the`bags or containers used, or on a suitable tag 's'ecu(te'liy attached thereto. In conjunction • with the official registra- tion, is the regular systematic in- spection of all maxed feeds by the . e•ed Branch in order to make sure that the nsanutfaotured products 'con- form to the registered guarantee as to composition and chemical analysis. This inspection constitutes an added pro'te'ction to the users of eom.tnercial feeds. The present registration in-' elude 71 ingredients which may be classed as grain products and 74 Which are eon -grain precincts, but the actual number in general use does not Mewl 86 or' 40, .. I _ ... A HEALTH SERVICE -0/ THE CANADIAN'MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AND LIFE/fa..«-�:. INSURANCE COMPANIES IN CANADA \� RABIES A warning and caution against what is one of the most terrible af- flictions is called for on occasions— a, disease which is comparatively rare, for which tihere is no eure, but which can be prevented. (Rabies was described by one of the earl'ies't medical writers in the first century. From that time on, history records the fear whiph this disease inspired.. It was plot, how- ever, until July, 1885, that a means for its prevention in man was discov- ered and demonstrated by the great, ear of all s'cientists', Pasteur. The majority of clog -bites "are harmless (because most dogs are !healthy. Nevertheless, every dog- bite should be treated by a doctor be- cause that is the one 'practical way of avoiding danger from the bite of a deg which may have rabies. We say "dog" because a Very high per- centage of all cases in man come from the clog, but the disease does coeur in cattle, cats, wolves, sheep, horses and goats, whose bites are equally dangerous. Rabies is an acute communicable disease,' the germ or virus attacking the central nervous system of the body; it da also ,present in the saliva. The name "hydrophobia" by .which it is also known means a "horror of water,' but what appears to be horror is really due to ao spasm of the throat on attempting to swallow, whether it the water or anything else. Thedeg with rabies may have either one of two forms of the dis- ease. In dumb rabies, the dog is restless; its eyes are bright and di- lated and the mouth hangs open aa: the jaws become paralyzed. The an- imal is partidularly affectionate; and the bark changes. ''Dogs with fur- ious, rabies are irritalble and restless; they snap at people, they want to run and will go on for milers snap- ping at whatever comes in their way. In broth forms, the dog becomes para- lyzed and dies lin a stupour. The most dangerous bites are those, on the face; then the hands. The wound should be treated as in -any other wound, except that it is swab- bed out with a strong nitric acid, the one chemical which seems to be cap- able of destroying the rabies virus in.. the wound. If the dog cannot be found and there is the 'slightest suspicion that he might have rabies, the Pasteur treatment -should •be started without delay. If the deg is found, he should be locked up, and if he is alive and well at •the end of two weeks, he could not haee caused rabies. If, by chance, the dog is killed, the head is sent for examination. It is unwise to pet strange dogs, and sick dogs particularly should be left alone. In the event of being bit- ten, medical care should be,sequred at once and the dog placed, under ob- servation. Questions concerning health, ad- dressed to the Canadian Medical As- sociation, 184 College St., Toronto, will be answered personally by let- ter. Cairns Completed The finishing touches are now- be- ing put to two cairns at the south entrance of Exeter. The cairns are being built of stone anti are being erected by Mr. Robert McClellan of London. Two 'ornamental lights will be placed at the top. "Exeter" is cut on a marble slab in both cairns. The cairn on the east side of Main Street contains the following inscription: "James Willis, 1800-1864; Jane, his wife, 1803-1830. Their children, Sar- ah, George, Thomas, John and James erected • by their descendants, 1830- 1935." The tablet on the west side of the street states that the cairn' is "In honor of the first council: Reeve Isaac Carling; .. Councillors James Pickard•, W. H. Verity,. John Trick, Edward Drew, Clerk Michael Eacrett; Treasurer Robert Sanders. Erected by Old Boys and Girls, 1893-1935." ?Lr. McClellan recently completed two s'plen'did pillars at the entrance to Riverview Park erected by the Hort- icultural Society. The cairns were unveiled Saturday evening. — Exeter Times -Advocate. William C. Edgar This community was grieved to hear of the sudden death of William C. Edgar at his home near James- town, Morris Township, early Friday miorning, July 19th. The deceased man was in his Sit year and al- though not enjoying the best of health for the past two years, was able to carry on his, work on the farm. In fact, the day 'before his death he worked in the fields as usual and in the evening attended the 'band tattoo at Brussels. On his return home he retired as usual but passed suddenly away from a heart attack early in the morning. Mrd Edgar ivas born on the 10th • concession of Oulross, near Teeswater, the son of Mr. Fran- ces Edgar and the late James Edgar. At Hamilton in 1916 he was married to Wary Glazier, who, besides his aged mother, of Wingham, survives him. He is also survived by two dau'gh'ters, Joyce and Olive, and four brothers, George and Arthur of Morris, Bert of Culross and Frank of Wingham. The funeral service was held from his late residence on Sunday afternoon the service (being conducted by Rev. Mr. Moore; of Brussels Presbyterian 'Church. In- terment was made' in the Win/gram Cemetery. Wingham Advance - Times. Canada sets aside the last week in August and the first week in Septem- ber for tike Canadian National Exhi- bition. The exact dates this/ year are Friday, IA]uglas(t 23rd, to Saturday, ,Sep'tleiriberm _ _ rr a — _ r� Farm The number oaf inspected shipments of .po+t>,.ttry from Can:ad'a from raanu- ary 1 to May 81, 1935, ,comprised 4,- 487 boxes of turkey's; 33,14' boxes of chickens; 323 (boxes of fowl; 25 box- es of geese; 9.95 )boxes of ducks, and one„ 'lyox of piigeonsL.in all approxi- mately 2,280,000 'pounds. During the corresponding period of 1934 the to- tal amount exported was 11,841 box- es. The Importance of a Prolific Queen Bee The foundation for next year's honey crop is laid by making sure that every colony is headed by a young and vigorous' queen early in August so that she has ,sufficient time to produce a large force of (bees be- fore the end of the brood rearing season. To .perform the duties ex- pected of her the queen must have ample room for maximum egg pro- duction and there must always be an adequate supply of food available for the (brood she produces. Other .g.on- ditiona being satisfactory, strong colonies headed by ,bang vigorous queen's in the fall are the best as- surance of strong collonies in the fol- lowing spring and of a strong force 'of field bees in .time for harvest. Couch Grass Eradication 'Couch grass is probably the most prevalent and most pernicious weed in Eastern 'Canada. Pt is a peren- nial, propagated ,to some extent by seed but more especially by under- ground root stalks, and is consequent- ly extremely difficult to eradicate. Few people realize the enormous quantity of couch grass root stalks which may be found' in the soil. Ac- cording to investdgabions conducted at the Central Experimental Farm' at Ottawa, the weight of roots has ranged from 1,531 poandls to 6,997 pound per acre. This weight ib eq- ual to • that of a (very heavy crop of hay and helps to explain why it is so difficult to remove or kill all the roots. A booklet on the subject has been prepared by Dr. E. S. Hopkins, Dominion Field (Husbandman and is issued by the Dominion Deparrtment of Agriculture, Ottawa, to those Who desire it. In it the eradication of couch grass is thoroughly dealt with, the principles ijnderIyling the meth- ods of attack and the methods of er- adication themselves' 'being'explained in detail, as for example (1) remov- ing the roots from the soil by culti- vation and drawing off the field; (2) Starving the plant by removal of top growth, (3) Smothering the growth of the weed by a smother crop, (4) Drying the roots on the surface of the soil, and 45) Using chemicals to kill the plant. •Ineffective methods are also described Variety in,, Feeding Stuffs Canadian Give stock and poultry feeders have a wide range 'of com- mercial mixed feeds from which to select their requirements. For the year ended September 30, 1934, there were 1,301 'brands 'of maxed feed reg- istered under. the Feeding Stuffs Act. •Poultry feeds are much more num- erous then feeds for other classes of stock and account for 935 brands, or nearly 72 per cent. of the total, Dairy feeds follow with 129 brands, calf meals with 64 and hog feeds with 43. The increased production of high protein or protein and mineral mix- tures to supplement and balance ra- ther than to replace farm grown feeds has been a notable development in recent years. A few years ago such preparations were rare, while in the year under review they amount- er. to. 108 brands._ This trend is in keeping with the teachings of agri- cultural leaders- and recognizes the farmers' need, to. balance rations with the Minimum cash outlay for pur- chased feed. 'In addition to these nixed feeds there were also - registered some 278 brands of single feed materials such as tankage, meat scrap, fish meal, powdered milk and buttermilk, glut- en 'feed, hominy feed, brewers' and distillers' dried grains, etc. Only Clean Crops Worth Saving For Seed Due to the abundance of moisture this season weeds have been making record growth in clover and timothy field's. Without extra precautions, observers predict a dirtier seed crop than usual. This is particularly un- fortunate this year, it is stated, be- cause all indications point to a fall market for high class seed only. Mix- ed or dirty seed will be practi'call'y unsaleable. Seed authorities state that the sit- eal'00* i* St a tkialb a Year ngq,c,r40 die nu ,d-wote a ,40,p01* m states Pkorr wra.ai^rrltul ' the nor?nai• timothy teed other liners were Ohm*, '.I'l a!#?] ea sported from Oanada in cereei! Ir'a Volutne and at pea. Tn mid -'western States 'there tits a pro'ar frying erop of timothy this year alyd. prices have falleisra)read4 tor a point where it wfl be unprofitable 't9 ex-. port over the duty, even tL• a highest .grade of Canadian timothy. indica tions point to a domestic market only for Canadian timothy and 'seed' laws• here are so. stringent that only clean seed can be sold. Where a. field cane nor be -cleaned up by pulling the weeds now before the crop is mature, seedssmen advise cutting the field for hay 'purposes. 'rhe same advice holds good for alI dirty fields of red clo.'ver, alfalfa or alsiloe. There is a good deal rof sweet drover sprinkled through these crops and sweet clover is a decidedly bad weed when mixed -with the others. Clean seed of red clovrer or alfalfa, it is erxpeeted, wil'1 oomrm.and ready sale and should be handled carefully. Pulling any sweet clover plants ar other weeds is recommended (before these go do seed. The first growth of alfalfa, it 'is reported set very little seed and growers will have to depend on the second. Alsike is showing fair promise but the acreage is far below normal. The outlook for sweet clavier seed is described as distinctly poor. Carry- over seed is already offered at pric- es which are not profitable to 'grow- ers. There is no export market. Western Canada grows more sweet clover seed than it can use. As a re- sult farmers are advised to•cut prac- tical7y everything for hay or to pas- ture it. ge1Ipgg' • qz; MOS We quote i#�,aallk'1 years ago, I became I tried naanylaxatPire;.x as I. got used to eachIn• . „. to get the same trouble.,is "Last summer I was an,1 tion. They served Kello, BRAN. I just loved it. ., logg's ALL -BRAN every n and ever since I have not 1.. take any more laxatives." Margaret Kesterke. Address¢ request. *Due to insu,,kcient "baik' meals. Tests show Kellogg's Au, -B' provides "bulk" to aid elimitta ALL_BRA>.v is also rich in vitamfni.8 and iron. The "bulk" in Ata.-$nMq Is too- tle. It resists digestion better the fiber in fruits and yegetab so it is often more effective; Isn't this food safer than patent medicines? Two tables full of ALL -BRAN daily are sufficient. If seriously eo use with each meal. See' tor, if you do not get rell Use as a cereal, or in Sold by all groeere. Made logg in London, Ontario, Keep on the Sunny Side ofr , WHEN TIRES "Go Boom" GET NEW SPEEDWAYS They are genuine Goodyear tires at prices to please you. Guaran- teed! W e have your size. 30Sixze 3% 4.75 Size x19 7.35 4.75 4.40 Size %21 5. g.05 Si00ze x19 ' 8 00 Slee Siz x21 5.00 6.60 e 4.50x20 8.05 Other sizes equally low-priced Liberal allowance for your old tires DUNLOP'S Garage North Main Street Seaforth CHOOSE THE ECONOMICAL HOTEL 750 ROOMS -RATES $1.50 to $2.50 SINGLE NO HIGHER EASY PARKING FACILITIES O,Fa Ferri Hot. 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Booming, crashing, iridescent pyrotechnics. "The Show Window of the Nations" is designed for every member of every family. Colonel P. H. Deacon, Elwood A- Hughes, President General Manager t. CANADIAN NATIONAL 82A :`ta '>.i? i tit.;:.;vitt`` ^q�