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The Huron Expositor, 1932-08-05, Page 6rause Ind the South 1a,11ti.Q of thef4tndamental needs in COICnxal: AH1ei".iea, if a civilization was tt0 ,p ges'''wa;s the accumulation . of pita), Olt the hardest toil the first !1•..etAlhrs provided themselves with cl1axed`•helds and small houses, -but beyond that the building up of capi- ,tal was 'hound to he slow if every in- diilidual merely tilled his own fields. The, only way in which an ambitious man could extend his wealth was by 'elle' use of labor. Now labor in the Colonies was extremely scarce. So Ult. •colonist's experimented with in- dented servants, whose service was r•bypaying .lboug ht"fora term of years their passage over, In all the colon - les, „New England as well as the South Indian slavery was also tried, but proved unprofitable. Next all the colonies tried to solve their labor ''problem; by negro slave, and this proved efeetiye in the South. After 1713 a flood of slaves began to be, shipped to the cohtnies, the New Eng - { rr. VIE ONE lO Ti R•' but in the process t ey were breaking Federal laws an�•for ,forcing wageses 'down n •to starvation - When in Boston in 1831, William Lloyd Garrison published the first nunt+ber of his fanatical weekly, the Liberator,, he sower the seeds of in- tense bitterness •between the sections. "I contend for immediater enfranchise- ment of our slave population. .Urge ni not to moderation. I am in earn- est ---1 will not equivocate -I will not retreat -•and I will be heard." He was heard. The Abolitionists stirred the country, North and South,. to a pitch of passion such as has never been -heard among us before or since. u own have x erie c - Ina ourday we ee p n ed the feeling aroused by the passage of Prohibition legislation. If 'eve im- agine that, instead of merely depriv- ing a part of the population of the enjoyment of a social habit, the re- formers had threatened to deprive them of so large a part of their pro- perty as to ruin them financially, we :an get a better idea of the' feeling ),angers eagerly seizing upon the pru- i :stirred up by the Abolitionists. We fit in the tv affix, are not split in America to -day solely The type of life which then evoly- on a question of morality. Mixed ed in the South was in many ways with that are questions of social wel- the most delightful America has fare, of economics, of entrenched in - known. It was the period of the terests of class legislation or urban building of the -great houses."t Liv; against rural communities, of person- ing on their estates, fox hunting, al liberty, of the real function of a 'dancing, visiting, playing cricket, the Federal constitution, of the conflict Southerners were closely allied in of different ways of life. 'Thus our tastes to the gentry of the English present situation will help us under- ' country families. They were also in stand the complex that lay behind constant relation with the great mer- disunion in 1860. If the opposing cantile firms of London. Their chil- parties in the .Prohibition controversy dren were taught by tutors -imported were not mixed throughout the land, from England, and when older, the if drinking as a social custom were boys not seldom went to Oord or delimited •by soil or climate, the con - Cambridge. Southern life took on a -filet would be more sharply defined, comeliness, a grace and a charm that From the beginning of settlement it can never have in a bustling town. In America, soil _and, climate had fos- There is something, ,moreover, that tered sharply defined • sectionalism.. fosters the aristocratie outlook in the The North and the South were drift - mete fact of; living in a large house ing apart rapidly. The richer class - in' the midst of one's oivn vast do- main.. The •ntan who has a thousand slaves pn his plantation develops a sense of responsibility and leadership., It is noteworthy that when the need arose for a .man who could inspire an army he had to be sought in the great slave owner of Mount Vernon, and that the philosopher of the Revo- lution was the great slove owner of Monticello. By, contrast, the impression one gets of New York in this period is of a hustling, money -grabbing,, rather corrupt community, the leaders of which were anxious to get rich quick- ly by any means, even to allying themselves with pirates.' From these conditions an overbearing, unscrupu- lous type of business man was be- ginning to emerge, One does not find there the culture of the best families in the South. In Nee England the •poor, soil and necessity for diversi- fied crops had precluded the use of slave labor, eo which the New Eng- • lenders had not'_the slightest object - tion as an institution. - One of the' inost profitable branches of their ov- erseas trade was importing slaves for use in the South., They•solved their own labor problem for their textile mills by seizing on the wives and chil- dren of impoverished farmers. In one Rhode Island plantin 1801, Jos- iah Quincy found 100 girls frorn six to twelve years of age, at work for from 12 to 25 cents a day, "a dull dejection in the countenance. of all of them." 'While this life •of merchants, manufacturers and prbletrians was rapidly, setting the North off against the rest nr 'America, the South was building up quite- different cirlture • of its own, and was becoming de- tached from the North in its whole economic Iife, Europe being the market in which it bought and sold to . the extent of about SO per. cent. Moreover the Southern cotton plant- er was caught in .an economic sys- tem from which there was no escape. In bad times he could not, like the Northern manufacturer, turn off his hands. They were valuable proper- ty, which had to be carried at any cost. ' Slaves had begun to seem as vital to the Souther"n plantation as machines in the Northern factory. What the Northern manufacturer considered his property was the mill, and he came to care no more for 'the worker than for the bale of cotton. His will was' directed toward making every cent of profit possible without. the slightest regard for the welfare of .his 'employees. The manager of a mill at Holyoke who found his hands "languorous" in the mornin e conceived the idea of working there 'on empty stomachs and succeeded for awhile in getting 3,600 yards more of cloth a •week for the same wages. This attitude toward "labor was dic- es in both were exploiting labor; -the Southerner in the shape of legal slavery, the Northerner in the shape of wage slavery. Neither was con- scious of any morel guilt. There ,was also at work the dislike of the landed proprietor for the city trader. The Southern planter looked down. on the Northern 'business man as an uncouth upstart. To have)• these Yankees, who drove their wage slaves'12 to 14 hours a day in badly ventilated mills for a few cents' pay, and who never assumed the slightest responsibility for them when sick old or out of work, tell the Souther- ner that his form of slavery was im- mbral, was galling. The Southerner 'vas riot interfering between the Northern employer and his exploited labor so what right had the latter to make all these threatening speeches against a legal economic system guaranteed in the Constitution? But it was not merely a. question of slavery. As the North grew in population and wealth, the South felt that it was try ing more and more to exploit the rest of the nation for its own benefit. The taa,•iff to which the South had become bitterly-• op:posed, was a case in point. 'It was a ques- tion whether, as in the. tariff contro- versies. one section of the country could be made tributary to the other; whether property guaranteed by the constitution was safe; whether the eotitkrern planter should be forced to take his morality from the Northern business man; whether a section of - the country was to be allowed to maintain its own peculiar set of cul- tural values or be coerced to conferral to those of a disliked section by force of numbers; the question of what would become of liberty-' if Union were to mean an enforced uniform- ity. .At Versailles. America stood for self-determination of racial and cul- tural groups, even if it involved ab- surd national boundaries.' The South was a geographic, economic and so- cial unity. If•ever there was a case for self-determination, that section had a perfect one. When the elec- tion of 1860 left the South in the absolute political power of a party which was solely Northern, it is not difficult to see why the Southern pep - pie could see nothing left but peace- able secession. The South hoped for peaceable se- cession because she did not realize the force of :rationalism, and she thought that,'if it came to war, Fang - land and the rest of Europe' would have to acknowledge her independ- ence and come to her aid. So, with no industrial organization, ,with negligible financial resources, her five or it million whites found them- selves at last facing in war nearly 20 millions in the North a d West. Until the' World l'i'ar; it was%he most tated by pure greed and not by ne- bloody struggle which humanity had cessity. Dividends were high and known. That the Southerners' hope watered stocks were spouting for- of independence had not been fantas tunes. At a •time when the North tic is shown by the fact that, out - was being inflamed over cruelties to nun erect more than three to one, the negro in the South, the Boston they defended the Stars and Bars for Marine Society, composed of the most respected shipping merchalits, petitioned the government to' re- store the right to flog sailors to their work. The great shipowners were making ,fortunes and laying the foun- dations for future' social snobbery, WILSON'S REALLY KILL One pad kiln flies all day and every day for 2 or 3 weeks. 3 pads in each packet. No spraying, no stickiness, no bad odor. Ask your Druggist, Grocery or General Store. 10 CENTS PER PACKET WHY .PAY MORE? THB WILSON FLY PAD CO., Hamilton, Ont. into history, we can realize that the courage and endurance of Southern men and women, and the stainless purity and gentleness of the soldier who led their hosts to war, are among the imperishable possessions of our common national past.. From Ashdour To Astor The Aster fortune, more than any other huge accumulation of wealth, is remarkable 'for its bewildering con- trasts.. Behind those high -piled mil- lions may be seen gallant daring and mean greeds, honest industry and stark rapacity, frugal virtues arid brutal exercise tof • power. It was in 1776 that the cobbles of New York felt the solid tread of the first Ashdour, for so they spelled it then. 'Heinrich was his name, and he 'came over with England's Hessian mercenaries. not as a fighting man, however; but merely as a butcher. An amiable "'Dutchman." heestayed on after the war, and in 1784 was join- ed by his brother, John, Jacob Ash - dour. a 21 -year-old lad from the medieval litle German town of Wal- dorf. There were some Hudson Bay men on the ship that brought John Jacob over, and excited by their talk of rich profits he sought and found em- ployment with a fur dealer, his .pay two dollars a week and board. For quite a while he gained musgle by heating stored peltries, `for mothballs were still :unknown; but nothingever gave John Jacob greater pain than to make 'money for some one else, and. in 1786, a year, after his marriage, he started in business for himself. Now came 'brave fine years that make unstinted call on admiration. With a pack on his back; heavy with "gay cloth and bright gewgaws, and a flute in hie, pocket, • John Jacob trudged forest aisles throughout the .neth and breadth of the Six Na- tions. risking• ,the sullen ferocities 'of ;.he Indians to barter f;,or their. rieli crtthts of heaver, martin and musk- rat. Back in New York husky Sarah ''trod guard over the two room home• bearing her• babies in the back and' selling furs in the front. • it was nothing for the indomitable young German. strong and round - h arreled as a ,horseg to cover thou- :rands hou- :ands of miles a year, ranging, from the wildernesses of Pennsylvania to the frozen solitudes of Lake Cham- i•lain, now trudging through snow to hie waist, now driving his canoe. uy &eek or dowry river.'. He knew' no French. no Indian dialect, and his English was a broken thing, but red roan and white liked his courage and cheerfulness, and loved to listen -to, the tunes he coaxed from his flute at night around the•fire. Caetiously at first, but more bold- ly later, he established his own chain of posts in the Iroquois country and on the Great Lakes, sending out his own fur brigades, and by 1794 was able to quit the woods and stay in New York. Iron economy had been a necessity during the years of strug- gle, but • improved- circumstances worked no change either in Sarah or John Jacob. Thrift had become av- arice, and when he voyaged to Lon- don in 1799 with a •cargo of furs, he went in • the • steerage. enduring its hardships cheerfully because of the money saved. The London trip marked a turning point in Astor's life, for not alone did he sell his peltries at a juicy pro= fit, hut' he learrredeof- the rich China trade, arld,•his moon felce went red as he heard of the fabulous prices that furs brought in Canton. .. Siberia, once thick with sable and ermine, was now trapped out, and the mandarins of the Flowery Kingdom were open- ing" their ports to any ship that brought the furs they loved. By 1803 he had a "million dollars afloat," to quote his own admission four years of intense suffering and heroic effort. The war vastly in- creased the, prosperity of the North and ruined the South. Fighting for its very existence, the South when it lost was prostrate. Now that .the passions of that time have receded Ships of his building carried peltries to China, bringing back rich cargoes of tea, silks, cinnamon and porce- lains to be sold at enormous profit; also selling furs in the London mar- ket his vessels returned with wool- lens and cutlery. EQUALIZED VALUATION OF THE MUNICIPALITIES OF THE COUNTY OF HURON, THE POPULA- TION AND THE SEVERAL COUNTY RATES -FOR 1932 MV NIC'IPAII ITY Townships As'hfeld Colborne Goderieh • Grey Kay Howick ..... Mullett -t McKillop 'Morris •.. Stanley Stephen Tvskersmith '1`utnlberry Us'borne E. VIrawanoslh W. Waw'aiiosh Towner IGlintorl' .... , 1848 903 orth T�5 ViWdng'ham 209$ Villages Birth Bettsted i rth, . alb Papula- tion 1931 - '205x1 1262• 1482 - 2205 2506 * 51889 3058 .68171 1802 63541 1868 52111 1761 r : • ,55223 1793 45200 2645 56879' 1795• 40762 • 1480 35720 1723 42'700 1180 41741 1410 41725 Acre- E qual'd Value. age Co'y Pnrposes 64191 $2666660 34361 1538040 52901 218324.5 64762 3007090 2526350 3408085 11251.5165010 2729830 2503'700 2377055 2805050 2364200 1605000 2443330 1672840 1684040 • 1083 650 680 610 403 317750 726 - ' 416 869100 1622~ ' 1200 7221)0 729' 491 336800 769470 1892250 870(750 890850 4892'2 General Co. Rate 61k mills $9333.31 5386.30. 7643.45 10624.82 8842.22 11928.30 8947.75 9564.41 8762.95 8321.44 9922.67 8274.70 151617.81 85161.65 5854.94 5894.15 2603.15 6622.87 !4447.63 3117.97 1112.13 1291.85 2527.38 11'75.80 807693 $44271175 ;$154949.12 Highway Rate 114 mills $3999.99 2308.41 3275.77 4510.64 3789.53 6112.10 ,38'3.4.75 4094.75 3756.55 3566.30 4252.58 3546.30 2407.64 3665.00 2509.26 2526.06 1154.21 283!8.38 1306.13 1336,28 •Prov. Highways 1 mill $2666.66 1538.94. 21.83.86 3007.09 2526.35 3408.09 2'566.50 '2729.83' 2503.70 23'77.55 2835.05 2364,20 1605.09 24'43.33 16'72.84 1684.04 V69.47 189225 870.75 890.85 , 476.63 317.75 6:53.65 369.10 1083.15 722.10 603.70 3316.80 $66406.76 $44271.18 • r, b Total $15999.96 9233.65 13103.07 18042.56 18168.10 20448.49 15339,00 16378.99 15022.20 1'4265:20 17010.30 14185.20 9630.54 1459.98 10037.04 10104.25 4616.8'3 11353:01 5224.5l . 5345.10 1906.51 2214.60 4332.60 • 2014,80 $2456.27.06 War England, while it con- vulsed o -vulsed the rest of the country, work- ed no interference with John Jacob's schemes. of acquisition. Now one of the richest men in America, he had established close contacts with politi- cal, 'power's and many and lucrative were the .privilegest extended to hint. In 1808 he had beaten the embargo that held other ships in port, sending a vessel to China and making $200,- 000 on the cargo of tea 'brought back. In 1812 an order from Albert Galla- tin, secretary of the treasury, allow- ed him to transfer his furs=from Can- ada to Mackinac, a bit of favoritism that caused no small outcry. It was also charged that an Astor agent, a British subject, -slipped over the line with news of the declaration of war, .giving the enemy an advant- age that led to Hull's surrender at Detroit, and there were likewise de- finite assertions that he worked an `unrierg'round" between his Ameri- can costs and the British lines in, Canada, trading reports. Be this as it may, it is certain that he received news of the treaty of peace several days ini advance of any other New York merchant, thus enabling him 'tn .ramp his stock of, goods at war prices, !• Stringent laws forbade the intro- duction of liquor into the Iridian country, but Astor brushed them a- side, for whiskey was an all import tot factor in the fur trade. Drunk- en Indians could not only be short - weighted, but they could be over- charged. The rifle that cost Astor $l' was traded to the Indians for 360; powder 20 cents a pounc', for 34 a pound; a ,dollar brass ket4.l'- for S20; E $2.50 beaver trap for $10• ten teens a pound tobacco for $2 a pnrr..d. Even after handing' over all their :urs, virtually every Indian tribe found itself thousands 'of dollars, in debt. whiskey and high wines, as a matter of fact, were profitable as well as befuddling, for even after .excessive adulteration, the price ran from '$25 to $50 a gallon. Small dander that by 1834 .Astor'* armee: [*outs were running close to a nialrnti. A rich return 'in'' ed on the ir, estment and great was the surprise when John Jacob euildenly announced that he was going to dis- solve his American Fur Corneae? a'r,i get cu' of business. '1 eei years te- fore, however, the silk hat had been invented, and the shrewd old man re- alized that the cheaper material meant. the doom of beaver - headgear. By 1837, as he .had foreseen, the slump had bit the West -beaver pelts dropped from six dollars' to one -and Kit Carson and his fellow trappers cursed the change and bellowed wrathfully that "hell was full of high silk hats." There was still another reason other than diminishing receipts at the back of John Jacob's mind. He was now the -richest man In the United States, a' great banker and a )nighty landowner, and the fur business was "small potatoes" compared to his other enormous holdings. • Land after all, was really the great Astor •passion. As far back as 1789 he bought two lots on the . Bowery Lane, paying $625, and as he pros- pered, he hought more. Some part of his holdings were honest .purchas- es, but ,generally. this land came to him through the foreclosure of mort- gages. The chief stockholder in four hanks, John Jacob was able to keep accurate track of the financial condi- tion of his fellow citizens, and he used this knowledge shrewdly and ruthlessly. The • Eden farm, covering the stretch that now centers about For- ty-second Street and Broadway, was taken over .by him for, $26,000. To- day it is worth $50,000,000. In the same manner he obtained possession of the Cosine farm, an acreage ex- tending along Broadway from Fifty- third to Fifty-seventh, and• westward to the Hudson Ri'v'er. He foreclosed a mortgage for $23,000, and the pro- perty to -day is worth that many mil- lions.. Governor Clinton's heir, fall- ing into difficulties, thought himself lucky to save one-third of his Green wich Village estate. ' The other two- thirds, going to Astor, now pays the estate an annual income of ;1,000,- 000. 1,000;000. The avarice of the man was in the nature of madness. During the pan- ic of 1837,. when the very fate,. -of the nation hung in the balance, fie' was wit) -*rut other concern than to take full advantage of every distress, and it is recorded that he foreclosed more than 60 mortgages. Having bought, he rarely sold, for from Ger- many he 3;ed imported the idea of 21 - year leases. It was up to the ten- ant to develop the land and erect buildings, avid at the end of the lease it ,was the Astor policy not to re- new, but to rent the lot and improve- ments to another tenant at a higher figure. - Every year the Astor 'rents go higher with less and less being done for the tenants. Where once he had enjoyed respect and liking, he was new hated and despised, but public loathing had no power for batter down the wall of gold that shut him off from humanity. Time,' however, was an enemy that could not be de- nied.• At the last he 'took his nourish- ment from a woman's.breast and for exercise his .attendants tossed him gently in a blanket several times a day. Still, with incredible tenacity, he"hung to life, and still an insatiate greed convulsed him% Patron, in his• life of John Jacob ,Astor.• relates the following conversation .between the octogenarian and one. of his recent collectors: • One morning this gentleman chanc- ed to enter the room when he was enjoying his blanket exercise. The old man cried out from the middle of the blanket: - "Has Mrs. Blank paid the ren yet?" "No," repNed the agent. " "Well, but she must pay it," said the poor old neat. "Mr. Astor;" rejoined the agent, "but she can't spay it now; she has had misfortunes and we must give her time." "No, no," said Astor. "1 tell you she can pay it and she will pay it. You don't go the right way to work with hex," The agent took leave, and men- tioned the anxiety of the old man with regard to this unpaid rent to his son, who counted out 'the requisite sum, and told the agent to give it DEPRESSIONS ALWAYS END�- WE HAVE JUST _REPRINTED A CHART MADE OVER 75 YEARS' AGO -CALLING EVERY DEPRES- SION AND YEARS OF GOOD TIMES FROM 1816 TO 1999- IT IS CORRECT TO DATE. THE MOST INTERESTING READ- ING AVAILABLE - GOOD TIMES AHEAD - WRITE FOR YOUR FREE COOY. ' HOTEL WAVERLEY SPADINA AVE. & COLLEGE Set TORONTO '5RITE FOR FOLDER - to the old man as if he had received it from the tenant. "There," exclaimed Mr. Astor when he received the *money. `.`I told you that she would pay if you went the right way to work with her." The end came finally on March 29, 1848, when he was in his 85th year. The 'bulk' of his 30,000,0001 fortune, colossal for the time, went to his son. So died the richest man of his day, and but for 'his love of money, one who might have been a great man. ' Ananias Preferred Of 'all the social virtues, the least neglected, the most useful and orna- mental, is lying. • In ordinary society lying may eas- ily be divided into four types -social lying, business lying, domestic or love lying and creative lying. The latter', is known as•the Lie for the lie's sake., Social lying, the 'best known form, is universally- called tact. It is too familiar to all of us to need much elaboration. Society is a great fab- rication, a tangl.ed,net which we will- ingly weave of bright little fibs, white lies, colorful evasions of drab truths. Mark Twain called them half breed, mulatto, or quadroon truths. The most ]banal and simple example of this soft of prevarication is when you look your hostess unflinchingly in the eye, after the dreariest of eve- nings, and say, "Thank you for a de- lightful . time . You entertain charmingly." The truth, socially „speaking, is something to be reserv- ed for discussing the weather and for the private ears of your doctor, and in certain unavoidable instances, the -income . tax collector. Of course business is so bad to -day that even liars are complaining. It is o longer possible to dated ,that your particular field of endeavor is entering upon a period of prosperity. unprecedented, etc., or that you have ,augmented your sales -force, etc., or that -your stock market advice has made all your customers so rich that even their wives are satisfied. It is as plain as the nose on a money -lend- er's face that nobody has anything left, and there is nothing to lie aibout unless it is, the amount of ,one's loss- es. And even_here the average man must compete with such staggering. figures among his own associates that all the joy has gone out of it. Lying to one's sweetheart, husband or wife, makes up the great body of domestic lying. ' • No lover was ever successful who did not feed his mistress on : false- hood; and no home was ever kept in- tact without the aid of good whole- some doses of mendacity. When you tell'the.girl of your choice that she has the eyes of a doe, the throat of a swan and the disposition of an an- gel, it is conceivable that you mean every word of it . . . it is also barely possible that you are lying, but you instinctively realize that the poetic, if fanciful, means are justi- fied by the delightful ends. Moreover if your flights of, fancy are to achieve noteworthy heights of romanticism, it is important that you should not believe in what you are saying too firmly, for nothing so hampers a man's imaginative faculties as a strict adherence to fact. Casanova and Don Juan wooed and won more women with polished lies than all the simple swains in the world have ever done with unvarnished truths. For truth is flat and unadorned, is salty and hard to swallow. Therefore, the ambitious lover is one who fills his inamorata with the veriest non- sense about herself, himself and ev- erything he hopes to do for her. He swears that he is his employer's white hope, that they will spend long vacations every year lir foreign lands and that he is all in all quite an ex- traordinary. fellow. The woman re- sponds that of course he is the finest and handsomest of God's creatures, which is -merely a way' of saying that all 'she wants is a quite ordinary hus- band and children who do not too closely resemble his side of eke fam- ily. But such I lying*' -social, domestic and business -is a ,poor example of what lying may really be. It is rit- ilitarian, and practical, an implement of daily toil, a spade with which we till our own individual little green pastures. But the spade cannot eom- pare in beauty with the sword; and creative lying, the last type, is just that; the glittering, burning sword of untruth, which -drives before it ail fact -Seeking folk from the garden of Romance and Adventure. Cyrano de Bergerac wielded ib -Byron and D'Artagnan, and Baron Mlunchausen, without whom the annals of litera- ture would be dull indeed. The Con- sulmimate magnificent mendaeity of Baron Munchausen is hard to dupli- cate in this :modern age. In all my experienced have met only one Iiar who might be ranked as an artist. He was" a weather-beaten top -Serg- eant of United States Marines. 1 am sure that all the -incredible stories which have ever been "told to the Marines" first reached his ears, were ' devoured lay him, passed through the elehenty of his own amazing imagin. ation, and were given back in the guise of personal experiences. Two of these tales in particular are of interest, obeying as they do the Iowa of a perfect lie, a "whopper."' They might have happened, and, therettorel might conceivably have happened to him. They jncur your doubt, but not your derision, for you will never : he able to prove conclusively elusively that the top -Sergeant was ° really' lyinlg. The first story" had to do with an airplane which was reconnoitering over Nicaraglea,- "The pilot was a. chap '1 had first known in ,the Argonne, when he was attached to ethe First Flying Corps there," the Sergeant said. (The good liar always dates his.stories with as- tonishing exactitude.) 'We were flying 2,000 feet above a `spit,' that is to say the native country, when we hit an air pocket and fell with a bump. Now, I had refused to be Iitrapped in my seat, and when the plane._ suddenly went into a loop I was hurtled through space, 2,000 feet above the . ground and death. Owing to the suddenness of my fall, I )oast consciousness. You can imagine my surprise when 1 re- gained my senses a few minutes lat- er to find myself seated as before in the machine. Whathad happened was that my friend, the pilot, seeing me -diving through the air below him, had swooped down' quickly and right- ed his plane directly under me, so that I had fallen 200 feet into the cockpit of the plane." The other story which illustrates this modern , Mlunchausen's personal bravery concerned an altercation. which he had in a cafe with. two British officers; about the quality of national courage. The Britishers in- sisted, that English courage was the greatest in the world. "I disagreed with 'them," said my patriotic 'Marine. "I told them Am- erican courage was the finest in the world. A quarrel started which was getting pretty heated, when I lean- ed forward and pulled a pistol from the belt of one of the Englishmen. I opened the barrel, showed that it was loaded with six bullets. Remov- ing every other bullet, I thew them on the floor, spun ,the -barrel three or four times and snapped it back. Then I. said to those sons of John Bull, "There are three empty and'' three loaded chambers in this gun. I don't know and you 'don't either, if it is cocked on an empty or a loaded chamber.' With that I held it to my head, and fired. It was a fifty-fifty shot, and I won. `How's. that for Yankee courage?" I asked, offering them the gun. `Let's see you try.' But they just got up silently, paid the bill for nine whiskies and sodas and walked out." Now that was a well made lie, a most impeccable lie, a creative lie, and one.. which "in its way points the moral and proves • the worth of all lying: that it is only is lies, whole- heartedly and bravely told, that hu. man nature attains through words and speech the nobility, the romance, the idealism, that -being what is is -it falls so far short,of in fact and in deed. Radium, A Double- , Edged Sword War has been declared on all pat- ent medicines containing radium.. Life-giving when administered ,by ex- perts, radium is death -dealing in the hands of laymen and 'quack§. Eben IM. Byers, Pittsburgh iron' master, sportsman, and former na- tional amateur golf champion, drank large quantities of a patented brand of radium water, a solution of rad- ium salts advertised as a "harmless cure" for no less than 160 ailments. At first, the stuff worked 'like a charm. Byers, a man past middle Cage, was restored to glowing health. He. believed he had discovered the fountain of yduth and sent cases of the radium water'to his friends. But after some months, he fell gravely ill. He died recently, from decay of the bones of both jaws, anemia, and a brain abscess. Byers' body contained the largest amount of •radium ever found in a human 'being -more than 30 micro- grams, enough to kill three Then. If a grain of sandwere ..split up into 100 particles, each one would be the size of a lethal dose of radium. Ani such a microscopic speck need not be incated in one spot to 'kill its victim. Distributed over the entire skeleton, it will produce a horrible, lingering death years after it has been taken into the body! Radium is a Jekyll -and -Hyde a- mong the elements. Strangest and most potent substance known to man, it embodies the secret of the trans- inulation of elements, but its trans- mutation is in reverse, for it becomes lees precious as time passes. It is a product of disintegration in a series cf elements beginning with uranium and ending, after millions of years, with lead. It loses half its strength end half its weight in 1,730 years, end almost all 4f its potency in about 19,000 years, After one swallows radium, it ev- entually is deposited in the bones. Even when taken in solution the 'blood, .by some mysterious chemical process, changes it back into an, in- soluble radioactive material, and it gets into the bone structure in this foem. 'At .first radium in the' human !system stimulates the blood making centers, which .produce nior'e red and white corpuscles than normally, Re- sult -the victim feels fine, "pepped up," repuvanated. Sooner or later, a reaction sets -in. The constant bombardment of 'alpha' particles slowly wears down the blood -producing centers). Reduction in the num'be'r. of white corpuscles and imperfect formation of the red cells result, and anemia develops. As radium loses half its strength in 1738 years, the alpharay bombard- ment keeps up with undiminished fury centuries after death. In) the case of one of the New Jersey victims of radium poisoning, contracted while painting luminous watch dials, the !skeleton was exhumed five years af- ter death. One-quarter ounce of bone from this skeleton was held before a Geiger• counter, a device that changes radium radiation into electrical im- pulses. By means of a loud -speaker attached to the apparatus, the im- pulses were amplified and converted into audible waves! The instrument emitted a i continuous, static -like shrielk. Previously, part of ,this skel- etton's' foot, placed upon a p'hoto- graphic•plate in a darkroom and left there fora few days, had photograph- ed 'itself. 1f any radioactive "medicine:, 5 ,1932. whetheri 1 quid or soled, 1q roc n blended to30u, and you feel tempted to try it, remember this: No 'com- petent physician ever prescribes rad- ium as drug. All that the medical profession uses is radium radiation, Physieians take the greatest pre.' cautions in handling radium. They never touch the tubes or needles con. taining it, but pick them up with wooden tongs. In carrying radiant from one part of a hospital to an- other, long handled boxes are used. 'When not in use, radium is kept in holes drilled in thick lead block's, that are stored in a leadlinled vault re- moved as far as possible from wards. offices, and living kuarters. The world's total stook of refined radium to --day is approximately • 304 greenls, or two-thirds of a pound-.-. $16,1500,000 worth! Half of that amount is in the United States. To - produce one gram, 150 men worked more than one month with over 600 tons of ore, 10,000 tons of distilled water, 1,000 tons of coal, and 500 tons of chemicals! Will radium ever get cheaper? It may, if radium containing oresis- covered a few months ago in the Greet Bear Lake district of. tib --- western Canada can be workedro- fitably. ' ` POPULAR STALJ ONS LETANiA S. Trotting race record 2.061/4 ; half in 1.01%. 1Sired by tinker 2.111/. Dam Letha S. 2.09%. Will stand for season -of 1932 at his own bawl, Brussels, Ontai io, • at $20 to insure a mare in foal. • Letemrna S. is a smooth, thick horse wills; a beautiful bead Mel peck, .the best of feet end legs and the best disposition possible in a stallion. Site stands 151/2 hands; is dark 'brown in color, and weighs about 1150 pounds. and without a doubt is one of the best stan- dard bred trotting stallions standing in On- tario at the presets time. Any further information gladly forwarded. 'E. G. -PLUM. Brussels, Ont. 'The Pure Bred Canadian Clydesdale 8tsllls MONCRIEFFE PRINCE [243681 Approved I Monday-�Wi11 leave the Commercial Stables. Hensel1 and go west to Parr Line and nodi, be John Farrest's, dor noon; then to C. Stew. enson'e, for night. Tuesday -West by side road to Goshen Line to Orval Mcelinchey'e, for noon; then east to Elmer Webster's, for night. Wednesday, -North on 4th Concession to McFarlane's corner, then east to 1$d. Glenn's, on side concession, for noon; and south to William McKenzie's, for night. Thursday. -South to Robert Munn's, • Hay Township, for noon; and east to London Road to IS.eneall for night. Friday. -By London Road be 2nd Concession, to George Arm- strong's, for noon; then bo Henson, for night. Terme-"410.00 to insure. • ROBERT p. MURDOCIC, Proprietor. Wiliam Luker, Manager. The Premium Clydesdale Stallion . FAVOURITE AGAIN Enrolment No. 1961(2433f) Form A 1 Monday. Afternoon -Will •leave his own stable, B•rucefieid, and go south to Hippest by London Road to Al. Harvey's, for night. Tuesday. -To Second Concession, of Tecker- smith, south 11/4 miles, then east to 10th con- cession to Angus McKinnon's, foe noon; then east to Ken. McKellar's, for night. Wednes- day, -+East to Town Line, then north 1% miles 'to Lloyd's Colquhoun's for noon; then by Stella, to William Patrick's, for- night. Thursday. -North 114 miles to 7th Concession to Coyne Bras., for noon; thee west to Robt. Doig's, for night. Friday. -West to Gem- mell's corner, 'then north to Mill Road to George McCartney's, for noon; theneast bo M,cAdam'a side concession, and worth to Carnochan Bros., for night. Saturday. -Be way of . Broadfoot's bridge to Mill Road to C.' stable. ` Terms -Terms to. insure, 513.00. R. le. MURDOCIK, . Proprietor & Manager. The pure Beed Imported aed President • Percheron Stallion RAVEN "' [12804] Form A 1 Commencing Monday, May Bath, will travel Practically the same route as last season. JOHN •.LIVINGSTON, ' Proprietor and Mapager. The Pure Bred Imported and Premium Percheron Stallion RAVEN [12804] Enrolment No. 2200 Approvedy Form A 1 Monday -Will leave his own arable, Staffs. and go soutlh''21.4 miles to the lath Conces- sion, and east 21.1 miles to Hugh Dalrymple, for noon; then north 214 and west 2% Earles to Staffa to his own stable for night. Tues- day. -=west to the 8th Concession five miles. and north to Montgomery Patrick's, for noon; then north by way of Sproat's Brick Yard to Ivy Henderson's, McKillop, for night. Wednesday. East 1% miles and north 2%,a miles to Pere, Li'btle's, for noon; then by way of Leadhury and then east to- Isaac McGavin's, for night. Thursday. -East and south to Frank Johnston'*, for noon; than east 114 miles apt north 1% Miles and east to the Logan Town Line and south ter Ed. Roses, for night. Friday. -.South 11,E milee and west 114 miles and south to John Walslr's for noon: then south 3% miles and east 235, miles to Grags._Bros., 4tti Concession of Rib- bert, for 'flight. Saturday -South 1% miles and, west 2l.;, miles and south to Staffa by way of Centre Road, to his own st i,ie, where he will remain until the following Monday morning. Terms -+$13.00 to .insure, payable February lot, 1933. LIVINGSTONE & "f'i MPLEMAN, Proprietors. John Livingstone, Manager. VALIANT GUY 37501 Can. No. 4070 Approved Four 1 Interim Cert. Will stand .this season at his own stable. Brueefield, for a limited number of mares rad until further notice. Valient Gish, trotter; brown colt; 9oaied Mame 81, 14. rgtandard and Registered. Bred by Walnut Hall Farm. Donerail, is a son of the great Guy Axwoe'bhy 2.08% Ills sire is the greatest producer of trotters; living or dead, "having putt four 2 minute trotters on the list, and hos 282 to his credit in the list to -day. Dam, Lady Gratin, 2.16. Terms --Standard bred registered mars„ 520; grade mars, $12. - WILLIAM BERRY, Proprietor and Manager. The Imported and Premium Bei$ian Draft Stallion DE HEMEL Canadian No. 4369 American 'No. 15505 Form A 1 Enrolment No. 2666 Will stand for the improvement of stock thrls season ea follows: Monday -Will leave his own stable, 1 mile north of Hens)), and go west 11/4 maim and 114 miles south to Zurich road, then west to Warn Pybus' far noun ; Shen north by way of 'Parr Line bo Harvey Coleman's, for night. Tuesday. - North to Logan's donee west 134 miles tri William Meter's, for noon; thence north, to Befyfield Road and ysaett to Albert Horner'& for night Wedn e. -By way of Bayfield Road to second Concession, thence south 1% mitres .to Fred Rathwell's, far noon; thence south and seat to itis own stable for night. 71horisday--Erik to William Brietnoll'e, for noon; then north 114 mules to 10th conces- Am and west 114 utiles on 10th, thence north 214 moles to Louis Gomniest's, for night. Fri- cke -East 114 miles, north 14 mules and west to Mex. WsRinde's, for noon; thence south and west to Ed. Soraat's, for night. Satued'ay.--$y way of Second Con eseiee tb his own stable for neon, where he will re - Main until the .following Monday morning. Terms. --$14.00 to insure,! payable February 1st 1983. 7f paid on or before the' 1st at April, $1.00 will ile 'refunded. MORRIS & aMILL1E, Piormietors. Aiyln workbrlan, Manager. s}rUlo'13c�'sli qJ. it; d:Nttai n • * '1 0, a s i a ,r o' • 4 . •' w li