The Huron Expositor, 1932-08-05, Page 6rause
Ind the South
1a,11ti.Q of thef4tndamental needs in
COICnxal: AH1ei".iea, if a civilization was
tt0 ,p ges'''wa;s the accumulation . of
pita), Olt the hardest toil the first
!1•..etAlhrs provided themselves with
cl1axed`•helds and small houses, -but
beyond that the building up of capi-
,tal was 'hound to he slow if every in-
diilidual merely tilled his own fields.
The, only way in which an ambitious
man could extend his wealth was by
'elle' use of labor. Now labor in the
Colonies was extremely scarce. So
Ult. •colonist's experimented with in-
dented servants, whose service was
r•bypaying
.lboug ht"fora
term of years
their passage over, In all the colon -
les, „New England as well as the South
Indian slavery was also tried, but
proved unprofitable. Next all the
colonies tried to solve their labor
''problem; by negro slave, and this
proved efeetiye in the South. After
1713 a flood of slaves began to be,
shipped to the cohtnies, the New Eng -
{
rr.
VIE
ONE lO Ti R•'
but in the process t ey were breaking
Federal laws an�•for ,forcing wageses 'down
n
•to starvation -
When in Boston in 1831, William
Lloyd Garrison published the first
nunt+ber of his fanatical weekly, the
Liberator,, he sower the seeds of in-
tense bitterness •between the sections.
"I contend for immediater enfranchise-
ment of our slave population. .Urge
ni not to moderation. I am in earn-
est ---1 will not equivocate -I will not
retreat -•and I will be heard." He
was heard. The Abolitionists stirred
the country, North and South,. to a
pitch of passion such as has never
been -heard among us before or since.
u own have x erie c -
Ina ourday we ee p n
ed the feeling aroused by the passage
of Prohibition legislation. If 'eve im-
agine that, instead of merely depriv-
ing a part of the population of the
enjoyment of a social habit, the re-
formers had threatened to deprive
them of so large a part of their pro-
perty as to ruin them financially, we
:an get a better idea of the' feeling
),angers eagerly seizing upon the pru- i :stirred up by the Abolitionists. We
fit in the tv affix, are not split in America to -day solely
The type of life which then evoly- on a question of morality. Mixed
ed in the South was in many ways with that are questions of social wel-
the most delightful America has fare, of economics, of entrenched in -
known. It was the period of the terests of class legislation or urban
building of the -great houses."t Liv; against rural communities, of person-
ing on their estates, fox hunting, al liberty, of the real function of a
'dancing, visiting, playing cricket, the Federal constitution, of the conflict
Southerners were closely allied in of different ways of life. 'Thus our
tastes to the gentry of the English present situation will help us under-
' country families. They were also in stand the complex that lay behind
constant relation with the great mer- disunion in 1860. If the opposing
cantile firms of London. Their chil- parties in the .Prohibition controversy
dren were taught by tutors -imported were not mixed throughout the land,
from England, and when older, the if drinking as a social custom were
boys not seldom went to Oord or delimited •by soil or climate, the con -
Cambridge. Southern life took on a -filet would be more sharply defined,
comeliness, a grace and a charm that From the beginning of settlement
it can never have in a bustling town. In America, soil _and, climate had fos-
There is something, ,moreover, that tered sharply defined • sectionalism..
fosters the aristocratie outlook in the The North and the South were drift -
mete fact of; living in a large house ing apart rapidly. The richer class -
in' the midst of one's oivn vast do-
main.. The •ntan who has a thousand
slaves pn his plantation develops a
sense of responsibility and leadership.,
It is noteworthy that when the need
arose for a .man who could inspire
an army he had to be sought in the
great slave owner of Mount Vernon,
and that the philosopher of the Revo-
lution was the great slove owner of
Monticello.
By, contrast, the impression one
gets of New York in this period is
of a hustling, money -grabbing,, rather
corrupt community, the leaders of
which were anxious to get rich quick-
ly by any means, even to allying
themselves with pirates.' From these
conditions an overbearing, unscrupu-
lous type of business man was be-
ginning to emerge, One does not find
there the culture of the best families
in the South. In Nee England the
•poor, soil and necessity for diversi-
fied crops had precluded the use of
slave labor, eo which the New Eng-
• lenders had not'_the slightest object -
tion as an institution. - One of the'
inost profitable branches of their ov-
erseas trade was importing slaves for
use in the South., They•solved their
own labor problem for their textile
mills by seizing on the wives and chil-
dren of impoverished farmers. In
one Rhode Island plantin 1801, Jos-
iah Quincy found 100 girls frorn six
to twelve years of age, at work for
from 12 to 25 cents a day, "a dull
dejection in the countenance. of all
of them."
'While this life •of merchants,
manufacturers and prbletrians was
rapidly, setting the North off against
the rest nr 'America, the South was
building up quite- different cirlture
• of its own, and was becoming de-
tached from the North in its whole
economic Iife, Europe being the
market in which it bought and sold
to . the extent of about SO per. cent.
Moreover the Southern cotton plant-
er was caught in .an economic sys-
tem from which there was no escape.
In bad times he could not, like the
Northern manufacturer, turn off his
hands. They were valuable proper-
ty, which had to be carried at any
cost. ' Slaves had begun to seem as
vital to the Souther"n plantation as
machines in the Northern factory.
What the Northern manufacturer
considered his property was the mill,
and he came to care no more for 'the
worker than for the bale of cotton.
His will was' directed toward making
every cent of profit possible without.
the slightest regard for the welfare
of .his 'employees. The manager of
a mill at Holyoke who found his
hands "languorous" in the mornin e
conceived the idea of working there
'on empty stomachs and succeeded for
awhile in getting 3,600 yards more of
cloth a •week for the same wages.
This attitude toward "labor was dic-
es in both were exploiting labor; -the
Southerner in the shape of legal
slavery, the Northerner in the shape
of wage slavery. Neither was con-
scious of any morel guilt.
There ,was also at work the dislike
of the landed proprietor for the city
trader. The Southern planter looked
down. on the Northern 'business man
as an uncouth upstart. To have)•
these Yankees, who drove their wage
slaves'12 to 14 hours a day in badly
ventilated mills for a few cents' pay,
and who never assumed the slightest
responsibility for them when sick
old or out of work, tell the Souther-
ner that his form of slavery was im-
mbral, was galling. The Southerner
'vas riot interfering between the
Northern employer and his exploited
labor so what right had the latter to
make all these threatening speeches
against a legal economic system
guaranteed in the Constitution?
But it was not merely a. question
of slavery. As the North grew in
population and wealth, the South felt
that it was try ing more and more to
exploit the rest of the nation for its
own benefit. The taa,•iff to which the
South had become bitterly-• op:posed,
was a case in point. 'It was a ques-
tion whether, as in the. tariff contro-
versies. one section of the country
could be made tributary to the other;
whether property guaranteed by the
constitution was safe; whether the
eotitkrern planter should be forced to
take his morality from the Northern
business man; whether a section of -
the country was to be allowed to
maintain its own peculiar set of cul-
tural values or be coerced to conferral
to those of a disliked section by force
of numbers; the question of what
would become of liberty-' if Union
were to mean an enforced uniform-
ity.
.At Versailles. America stood for
self-determination of racial and cul-
tural groups, even if it involved ab-
surd national boundaries.' The South
was a geographic, economic and so-
cial unity. If•ever there was a case
for self-determination, that section
had a perfect one. When the elec-
tion of 1860 left the South in the
absolute political power of a party
which was solely Northern, it is not
difficult to see why the Southern pep -
pie could see nothing left but peace-
able secession.
The South hoped for peaceable se-
cession because she did not realize
the force of :rationalism, and she
thought that,'if it came to war, Fang -
land and the rest of Europe' would
have to acknowledge her independ-
ence and come to her aid. So, with
no industrial organization, ,with
negligible financial resources, her five
or it million whites found them-
selves at last facing in war nearly
20 millions in the North a d West.
Until the' World l'i'ar; it was%he most
tated by pure greed and not by ne- bloody struggle which humanity had
cessity. Dividends were high and known. That the Southerners' hope
watered stocks were spouting for- of independence had not been fantas
tunes. At a •time when the North tic is shown by the fact that, out -
was being inflamed over cruelties to nun erect more than three to one,
the negro in the South, the Boston they defended the Stars and Bars for
Marine Society, composed of the
most respected shipping merchalits,
petitioned the government to' re-
store the right to flog sailors to their
work. The great shipowners were
making ,fortunes and laying the foun-
dations for future' social snobbery,
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One pad kiln flies all day and every
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into history, we can realize that the
courage and endurance of Southern
men and women, and the stainless
purity and gentleness of the soldier
who led their hosts to war, are
among the imperishable possessions
of our common national past..
From Ashdour To Astor
The Aster fortune, more than any
other huge accumulation of wealth, is
remarkable 'for its bewildering con-
trasts.. Behind those high -piled mil-
lions may be seen gallant daring and
mean greeds, honest industry and
stark rapacity, frugal virtues arid
brutal exercise tof • power.
It was in 1776 that the cobbles of
New York felt the solid tread of the
first Ashdour, for so they spelled it
then. 'Heinrich was his name, and he
'came over with England's Hessian
mercenaries. not as a fighting man,
however; but merely as a butcher.
An amiable "'Dutchman." heestayed on
after the war, and in 1784 was join-
ed by his brother, John, Jacob Ash -
dour. a 21 -year-old lad from the
medieval litle German town of Wal-
dorf.
There were some Hudson Bay men
on the ship that brought John Jacob
over, and excited by their talk of
rich profits he sought and found em-
ployment with a fur dealer, his .pay
two dollars a week and board. For
quite a while he gained musgle by
heating stored peltries, `for mothballs
were still :unknown; but nothingever
gave John Jacob greater pain than to
make 'money for some one else, and.
in 1786, a year, after his marriage,
he started in business for himself.
Now came 'brave fine years that
make unstinted call on admiration.
With a pack on his back; heavy with
"gay cloth and bright gewgaws, and
a flute in hie, pocket, • John Jacob
trudged forest aisles throughout the
.neth and breadth of the Six Na-
tions. risking• ,the sullen ferocities 'of
;.he Indians to barter f;,or their. rieli
crtthts of heaver, martin and musk-
rat. Back in New York husky Sarah
''trod guard over the two room home•
bearing her• babies in the back and'
selling furs in the front. •
it was nothing for the indomitable
young German. strong and round -
h arreled as a ,horseg to cover thou-
:rands
hou-
:ands of miles a year, ranging, from
the wildernesses of Pennsylvania to
the frozen solitudes of Lake Cham-
i•lain, now trudging through snow to
hie waist, now driving his canoe. uy
&eek or dowry river.'. He knew' no
French. no Indian dialect, and his
English was a broken thing, but red
roan and white liked his courage and
cheerfulness, and loved to listen -to,
the tunes he coaxed from his flute at
night around the•fire.
Caetiously at first, but more bold-
ly later, he established his own chain
of posts in the Iroquois country and
on the Great Lakes, sending out his
own fur brigades, and by 1794 was
able to quit the woods and stay in
New York. Iron economy had been
a necessity during the years of strug-
gle, but • improved- circumstances
worked no change either in Sarah or
John Jacob. Thrift had become av-
arice, and when he voyaged to Lon-
don in 1799 with a •cargo of furs, he
went in • the • steerage. enduring its
hardships cheerfully because of the
money saved.
The London trip marked a turning
point in Astor's life, for not alone
did he sell his peltries at a juicy pro=
fit, hut' he learrredeof- the rich China
trade, arld,•his moon felce went red as
he heard of the fabulous prices that
furs brought in Canton. .. Siberia,
once thick with sable and ermine, was
now trapped out, and the mandarins
of the Flowery Kingdom were open-
ing" their ports to any ship that
brought the furs they loved.
By 1803 he had a "million dollars
afloat," to quote his own admission
four years of intense suffering and
heroic effort. The war vastly in-
creased the, prosperity of the North
and ruined the South. Fighting for
its very existence, the South when it
lost was prostrate. Now that .the
passions of that time have receded
Ships of his building carried peltries
to China, bringing back rich cargoes
of tea, silks, cinnamon and porce-
lains to be sold at enormous profit;
also selling furs in the London mar-
ket his vessels returned with wool-
lens and cutlery.
EQUALIZED VALUATION OF THE MUNICIPALITIES OF THE COUNTY OF HURON, THE POPULA-
TION AND THE SEVERAL COUNTY RATES -FOR 1932
MV NIC'IPAII ITY
Townships
As'hfeld
Colborne
Goderieh
• Grey
Kay
Howick .....
Mullett -t
McKillop
'Morris •..
Stanley
Stephen
Tvskersmith
'1`utnlberry
Us'borne
E. VIrawanoslh
W. Waw'aiiosh
Towner
IGlintorl' .... , 1848 903
orth T�5
ViWdng'ham 209$
Villages
Birth
Bettsted
i rth, .
alb
Papula-
tion 1931
- '205x1
1262•
1482 -
2205
2506 * 51889
3058 .68171
1802 63541
1868 52111
1761 r : • ,55223
1793 45200
2645 56879'
1795• 40762 •
1480 35720
1723 42'700
1180 41741
1410 41725
Acre- E qual'd Value.
age Co'y Pnrposes
64191 $2666660
34361 1538040
52901 218324.5
64762 3007090
2526350
3408085
11251.5165010
2729830
2503'700
2377055
2805050
2364200
1605000
2443330
1672840
1684040
• 1083
650
680
610 403 317750
726 - ' 416 869100
1622~ ' 1200 7221)0
729' 491 336800
769470
1892250
870(750
890850
4892'2
General
Co. Rate
61k mills
$9333.31
5386.30.
7643.45
10624.82
8842.22
11928.30
8947.75
9564.41
8762.95
8321.44
9922.67
8274.70
151617.81
85161.65
5854.94
5894.15
2603.15
6622.87
!4447.63
3117.97
1112.13
1291.85
2527.38
11'75.80
807693 $44271175 ;$154949.12
Highway
Rate
114 mills
$3999.99
2308.41
3275.77
4510.64
3789.53
6112.10
,38'3.4.75
4094.75
3756.55
3566.30
4252.58
3546.30
2407.64
3665.00
2509.26
2526.06
1154.21
283!8.38
1306.13
1336,28
•Prov.
Highways
1 mill
$2666.66
1538.94.
21.83.86
3007.09
2526.35
3408.09
2'566.50
'2729.83'
2503.70
23'77.55
2835.05
2364,20
1605.09
24'43.33
16'72.84
1684.04
V69.47
189225
870.75
890.85
, 476.63 317.75
6:53.65 369.10
1083.15 722.10
603.70 3316.80
$66406.76 $44271.18
• r,
b
Total
$15999.96
9233.65
13103.07
18042.56
18168.10
20448.49
15339,00
16378.99
15022.20
1'4265:20
17010.30
14185.20
9630.54
1459.98
10037.04
10104.25
4616.8'3
11353:01
5224.5l .
5345.10
1906.51
2214.60
4332.60
• 2014,80
$2456.27.06
War
England,
while it con-
vulsed
o -vulsed the rest of the country, work-
ed no interference with John Jacob's
schemes. of acquisition. Now one of
the richest men in America, he had
established close contacts with politi-
cal, 'power's and many and lucrative
were the .privilegest extended to hint.
In 1808 he had beaten the embargo
that held other ships in port, sending
a vessel to China and making $200,-
000 on the cargo of tea 'brought back.
In 1812 an order from Albert Galla-
tin, secretary of the treasury, allow-
ed him to transfer his furs=from Can-
ada to Mackinac, a bit of favoritism
that caused no small outcry.
It was also charged that an Astor
agent, a British subject, -slipped over
the line with news of the declaration
of war, .giving the enemy an advant-
age that led to Hull's surrender at
Detroit, and there were likewise de-
finite assertions that he worked an
`unrierg'round" between his Ameri-
can costs and the British lines in,
Canada, trading reports. Be this as
it may, it is certain that he received
news of the treaty of peace several
days ini advance of any other New
York merchant, thus enabling him
'tn .ramp his stock of, goods at war
prices, !•
Stringent laws forbade the intro-
duction of liquor into the Iridian
country, but Astor brushed them a-
side, for whiskey was an all import
tot factor in the fur trade. Drunk-
en Indians could not only be short -
weighted, but they could be over-
charged. The rifle that cost Astor
$l' was traded to the Indians for
360; powder 20 cents a pounc', for
34 a pound; a ,dollar brass ket4.l'- for
S20; E $2.50 beaver trap for $10• ten
teens a pound tobacco for $2 a
pnrr..d. Even after handing' over all
their :urs, virtually every Indian tribe
found itself thousands 'of dollars, in
debt. whiskey and high wines, as a
matter of fact, were profitable as
well as befuddling, for even after
.excessive adulteration, the price ran
from '$25 to $50 a gallon.
Small dander that by 1834 .Astor'*
armee: [*outs were running close to
a nialrnti. A rich return 'in'' ed on
the ir, estment and great was the
surprise when John Jacob euildenly
announced that he was going to dis-
solve his American Fur Corneae? a'r,i
get cu' of business. '1 eei years te-
fore, however, the silk hat had been
invented, and the shrewd old man re-
alized that the cheaper material
meant. the doom of beaver - headgear.
By 1837, as he .had foreseen, the
slump had bit the West -beaver pelts
dropped from six dollars' to one -and
Kit Carson and his fellow trappers
cursed the change and bellowed
wrathfully that "hell was full of high
silk hats."
There was still another reason
other than diminishing receipts at the
back of John Jacob's mind. He was
now the -richest man In the United
States, a' great banker and a )nighty
landowner, and the fur business was
"small potatoes" compared to his
other enormous holdings.
•
Land after all, was really the great
Astor •passion. As far back as 1789
he bought two lots on the . Bowery
Lane, paying $625, and as he pros-
pered, he hought more. Some part
of his holdings were honest .purchas-
es, but ,generally. this land came to
him through the foreclosure of mort-
gages. The chief stockholder in four
hanks, John Jacob was able to keep
accurate track of the financial condi-
tion of his fellow citizens, and he
used this knowledge shrewdly and
ruthlessly.
The • Eden farm, covering the
stretch that now centers about For-
ty-second Street and Broadway, was
taken over .by him for, $26,000. To-
day it is worth $50,000,000. In the
same manner he obtained possession
of the Cosine farm, an acreage ex-
tending along Broadway from Fifty-
third to Fifty-seventh, and• westward
to the Hudson Ri'v'er. He foreclosed
a mortgage for $23,000, and the pro-
perty to -day is worth that many mil-
lions.. Governor Clinton's heir, fall-
ing into difficulties, thought himself
lucky to save one-third of his Green
wich Village estate. ' The other two-
thirds, going to Astor, now pays the
estate an annual income of ;1,000,-
000.
1,000;000.
The avarice of the man was in the
nature of madness. During the pan-
ic of 1837,. when the very fate,. -of the
nation hung in the balance, fie' was
wit) -*rut other concern than to take
full advantage of every distress, and
it is recorded that he foreclosed
more than 60 mortgages. Having
bought, he rarely sold, for from Ger-
many he 3;ed imported the idea of 21 -
year leases. It was up to the ten-
ant to develop the land and erect
buildings, avid at the end of the lease
it ,was the Astor policy not to re-
new, but to rent the lot and improve-
ments to another tenant at a higher
figure. -
Every year the Astor 'rents go
higher with less and less being done
for the tenants. Where once he had
enjoyed respect and liking, he was
new hated and despised, but public
loathing had no power for batter
down the wall of gold that shut him
off from humanity. Time,' however,
was an enemy that could not be de-
nied.• At the last he 'took his nourish-
ment from a woman's.breast and for
exercise his .attendants tossed him
gently in a blanket several times a
day. Still, with incredible tenacity,
he"hung to life, and still an insatiate
greed convulsed him% Patron, in his•
life of John Jacob ,Astor.• relates the
following conversation .between the
octogenarian and one. of his recent
collectors: •
One morning this gentleman chanc-
ed to enter the room when he was
enjoying his blanket exercise. The
old man cried out from the middle of
the blanket: -
"Has Mrs. Blank paid the ren
yet?"
"No," repNed the agent. "
"Well, but she must pay it," said
the poor old neat.
"Mr. Astor;" rejoined the agent,
"but she can't spay it now; she has
had misfortunes and we must give
her time."
"No, no," said Astor. "1 tell you
she can pay it and she will pay it.
You don't go the right way to work
with hex,"
The agent took leave, and men-
tioned the anxiety of the old man
with regard to this unpaid rent to his
son, who counted out 'the requisite
sum, and told the agent to give it
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to the old man as if he had received
it from the tenant.
"There," exclaimed Mr. Astor when
he received the *money. `.`I told you
that she would pay if you went the
right way to work with her."
The end came finally on March 29,
1848, when he was in his 85th year.
The 'bulk' of his 30,000,0001 fortune,
colossal for the time, went to his son.
So died the richest man of his day,
and but for 'his love of money, one
who might have been a great man.
' Ananias Preferred
Of 'all the social virtues, the least
neglected, the most useful and orna-
mental, is lying. •
In ordinary society lying may eas-
ily be divided into four types -social
lying, business lying, domestic or love
lying and creative lying. The latter',
is known as•the Lie for the lie's sake.,
Social lying, the 'best known form,
is universally- called tact. It is too
familiar to all of us to need much
elaboration. Society is a great fab-
rication, a tangl.ed,net which we will-
ingly weave of bright little fibs,
white lies, colorful evasions of drab
truths. Mark Twain called them half
breed, mulatto, or quadroon truths.
The most ]banal and simple example
of this soft of prevarication is when
you look your hostess unflinchingly
in the eye, after the dreariest of eve-
nings, and say, "Thank you for a de-
lightful . time . You entertain
charmingly." The truth, socially
„speaking, is something to be reserv-
ed for discussing the weather and for
the private ears of your doctor, and
in certain unavoidable instances, the
-income . tax collector.
Of course business is so bad to -day
that even liars are complaining. It
is o longer possible to dated ,that
your particular field of endeavor is
entering upon a period of prosperity.
unprecedented, etc., or that you have
,augmented your sales -force, etc., or
that -your stock market advice has
made all your customers so rich that
even their wives are satisfied. It is
as plain as the nose on a money -lend-
er's face that nobody has anything
left, and there is nothing to lie aibout
unless it is, the amount of ,one's loss-
es. And even_here the average man
must compete with such staggering.
figures among his own associates that
all the joy has gone out of it.
Lying to one's sweetheart, husband
or wife, makes up the great body of
domestic lying. ' •
No lover was ever successful who
did not feed his mistress on : false-
hood; and no home was ever kept in-
tact without the aid of good whole-
some doses of mendacity. When you
tell'the.girl of your choice that she
has the eyes of a doe, the throat of
a swan and the disposition of an an-
gel, it is conceivable that you mean
every word of it . . . it is also
barely possible that you are lying, but
you instinctively realize that the
poetic, if fanciful, means are justi-
fied by the delightful ends. Moreover
if your flights of, fancy are to achieve
noteworthy heights of romanticism,
it is important that you should not
believe in what you are saying too
firmly, for nothing so hampers a
man's imaginative faculties as a
strict adherence to fact. Casanova
and Don Juan wooed and won more
women with polished lies than all
the simple swains in the world have
ever done with unvarnished truths.
For truth is flat and unadorned, is
salty and hard to swallow. Therefore,
the ambitious lover is one who fills
his inamorata with the veriest non-
sense about herself, himself and ev-
erything he hopes to do for her. He
swears that he is his employer's
white hope, that they will spend long
vacations every year lir foreign lands
and that he is all in all quite an ex-
traordinary. fellow. The woman re-
sponds that of course he is the finest
and handsomest of God's creatures,
which is -merely a way' of saying that
all 'she wants is a quite ordinary hus-
band and children who do not too
closely resemble his side of eke fam-
ily.
But such I lying*' -social, domestic
and business -is a ,poor example of
what lying may really be. It is rit-
ilitarian, and practical, an implement
of daily toil, a spade with which we
till our own individual little green
pastures. But the spade cannot eom-
pare in beauty with the sword; and
creative lying, the last type, is just
that; the glittering, burning sword of
untruth, which -drives before it ail
fact -Seeking folk from the garden of
Romance and Adventure. Cyrano de
Bergerac wielded ib -Byron and
D'Artagnan, and Baron Mlunchausen,
without whom the annals of litera-
ture would be dull indeed. The Con-
sulmimate magnificent mendaeity of
Baron Munchausen is hard to dupli-
cate in this :modern age. In all my
experienced have met only one Iiar
who might be ranked as an artist.
He was" a weather-beaten top -Serg-
eant of United States Marines. 1 am
sure that all the -incredible stories
which have ever been "told to the
Marines" first reached his ears, were
' devoured lay him, passed through the
elehenty of his own amazing imagin.
ation, and were given back in the
guise of personal experiences. Two
of these tales in particular are of
interest, obeying as they do the Iowa
of a perfect lie, a "whopper."' They
might have happened, and, therettorel
might conceivably have happened to
him. They jncur your doubt, but not
your derision, for you will never : he
able to prove conclusively elusively that the
top -Sergeant was ° really' lyinlg.
The first story" had to do with an
airplane which was reconnoitering
over Nicaraglea,-
"The pilot was a. chap '1 had first
known in ,the Argonne, when he was
attached to ethe First Flying Corps
there," the Sergeant said. (The good
liar always dates his.stories with as-
tonishing exactitude.)
'We were flying 2,000 feet above
a `spit,' that is to say the native
country, when we hit an air pocket
and fell with a bump. Now, I had
refused to be Iitrapped in my seat,
and when the plane._ suddenly went
into a loop I was hurtled through
space, 2,000 feet above the . ground
and death. Owing to the suddenness
of my fall, I )oast consciousness. You
can imagine my surprise when 1 re-
gained my senses a few minutes lat-
er to find myself seated as before in
the machine. Whathad happened
was that my friend, the pilot, seeing
me -diving through the air below him,
had swooped down' quickly and right-
ed his plane directly under me, so
that I had fallen 200 feet into the
cockpit of the plane."
The other story which illustrates
this modern , Mlunchausen's personal
bravery concerned an altercation.
which he had in a cafe with. two
British officers; about the quality of
national courage. The Britishers in-
sisted, that English courage was the
greatest in the world.
"I disagreed with 'them," said my
patriotic 'Marine. "I told them Am-
erican courage was the finest in the
world. A quarrel started which was
getting pretty heated, when I lean-
ed forward and pulled a pistol from
the belt of one of the Englishmen.
I opened the barrel, showed that it
was loaded with six bullets. Remov-
ing every other bullet, I thew them
on the floor, spun ,the -barrel three or
four times and snapped it back. Then
I. said to those sons of John Bull,
"There are three empty and'' three
loaded chambers in this gun. I don't
know and you 'don't either, if it is
cocked on an empty or a loaded
chamber.' With that I held it to my
head, and fired. It was a fifty-fifty
shot, and I won. `How's. that for
Yankee courage?" I asked, offering
them the gun. `Let's see you try.'
But they just got up silently, paid
the bill for nine whiskies and sodas
and walked out."
Now that was a well made lie, a
most impeccable lie, a creative lie,
and one.. which "in its way points the
moral and proves • the worth of all
lying: that it is only is lies, whole-
heartedly and bravely told, that hu.
man nature attains through words
and speech the nobility, the romance,
the idealism, that -being what is is
-it falls so far short,of in fact and
in deed.
Radium, A Double-
, Edged Sword
War has been declared on all pat-
ent medicines containing radium..
Life-giving when administered ,by ex-
perts, radium is death -dealing in the
hands of laymen and 'quack§.
Eben IM. Byers, Pittsburgh iron'
master, sportsman, and former na-
tional amateur golf champion, drank
large quantities of a patented brand
of radium water, a solution of rad-
ium salts advertised as a "harmless
cure" for no less than 160 ailments.
At first, the stuff worked 'like a
charm. Byers, a man past middle
Cage, was restored to glowing health.
He. believed he had discovered the
fountain of yduth and sent cases of
the radium water'to his friends. But
after some months, he fell gravely ill.
He died recently, from decay of the
bones of both jaws, anemia, and a
brain abscess.
Byers' body contained the largest
amount of •radium ever found in a
human 'being -more than 30 micro-
grams, enough to kill three Then. If
a grain of sandwere ..split up into
100 particles, each one would be the
size of a lethal dose of radium. Ani
such a microscopic speck need not be
incated in one spot to 'kill its victim.
Distributed over the entire skeleton,
it will produce a horrible, lingering
death years after it has been taken
into the body!
Radium is a Jekyll -and -Hyde a-
mong the elements. Strangest and
most potent substance known to man,
it embodies the secret of the trans-
inulation of elements, but its trans-
mutation is in reverse, for it becomes
lees precious as time passes. It is a
product of disintegration in a series
cf elements beginning with uranium
and ending, after millions of years,
with lead. It loses half its strength
end half its weight in 1,730 years,
end almost all 4f its potency in about
19,000 years,
After one swallows radium, it ev-
entually is deposited in the bones.
Even when taken in solution the
'blood, .by some mysterious chemical
process, changes it back into an, in-
soluble radioactive material, and it
gets into the bone structure in this
foem. 'At .first radium in the' human
!system stimulates the blood making
centers, which .produce nior'e red and
white corpuscles than normally, Re-
sult -the victim feels fine, "pepped
up," repuvanated.
Sooner or later, a reaction sets -in.
The constant bombardment of 'alpha'
particles slowly wears down the
blood -producing centers). Reduction
in the num'be'r. of white corpuscles and
imperfect formation of the red cells
result, and anemia develops.
As radium loses half its strength
in 1738 years, the alpharay bombard-
ment keeps up with undiminished fury
centuries after death. In) the case
of one of the New Jersey victims of
radium poisoning, contracted while
painting luminous watch dials, the
!skeleton was exhumed five years af-
ter death. One-quarter ounce of bone
from this skeleton was held before a
Geiger• counter, a device that changes
radium radiation into electrical im-
pulses. By means of a loud -speaker
attached to the apparatus, the im-
pulses were amplified and converted
into audible waves! The instrument
emitted a i continuous, static -like
shrielk. Previously, part of ,this skel-
etton's' foot, placed upon a p'hoto-
graphic•plate in a darkroom and left
there fora few days, had photograph-
ed 'itself.
1f any radioactive "medicine:,
5 ,1932.
whetheri
1 quid or soled,
1q
roc
n
blended to30u, and you feel tempted
to try it, remember this: No 'com-
petent physician ever prescribes rad-
ium as drug. All that the medical
profession uses is radium radiation,
Physieians take the greatest pre.'
cautions in handling radium. They
never touch the tubes or needles con.
taining it, but pick them up with
wooden tongs. In carrying radiant
from one part of a hospital to an-
other, long handled boxes are used.
'When not in use, radium is kept in
holes drilled in thick lead block's, that
are stored in a leadlinled vault re-
moved as far as possible from wards.
offices, and living kuarters.
The world's total stook of refined
radium to --day is approximately • 304
greenls, or two-thirds of a pound-.-.
$16,1500,000 worth! Half of that
amount is in the United States. To -
produce one gram, 150 men worked
more than one month with over 600
tons of ore, 10,000 tons of distilled
water, 1,000 tons of coal, and 500
tons of chemicals!
Will radium ever get cheaper? It
may, if radium containing oresis-
covered a few months ago in the
Greet Bear Lake district of. tib ---
western Canada can be workedro-
fitably. ' `
POPULAR STALJ ONS
LETANiA S.
Trotting race record 2.061/4 ; half in 1.01%.
1Sired by tinker 2.111/. Dam Letha S. 2.09%.
Will stand for season -of 1932 at his own
bawl, Brussels, Ontai io, • at $20 to insure a
mare in foal. •
Letemrna S. is a smooth, thick horse wills;
a beautiful bead Mel peck, .the best of feet
end legs and the best disposition possible
in a stallion. Site stands 151/2 hands; is dark
'brown in color, and weighs about 1150 pounds.
and without a doubt is one of the best stan-
dard bred trotting stallions standing in On-
tario at the presets time.
Any further information gladly forwarded.
'E. G. -PLUM.
Brussels, Ont.
'The Pure Bred Canadian Clydesdale 8tsllls
MONCRIEFFE PRINCE
[243681
Approved I
Monday-�Wi11 leave the Commercial Stables.
Hensel1 and go west to Parr Line and nodi,
be John Farrest's, dor noon; then to C. Stew.
enson'e, for night. Tuesday -West by side
road to Goshen Line to Orval Mcelinchey'e,
for noon; then east to Elmer Webster's, for
night. Wednesday, -North on 4th Concession
to McFarlane's corner, then east to 1$d.
Glenn's, on side concession, for noon; and
south to William McKenzie's, for night.
Thursday. -South to Robert Munn's, • Hay
Township, for noon; and east to London Road
to IS.eneall for night. Friday. -By London
Road be 2nd Concession, to George Arm-
strong's, for noon; then bo Henson, for
night.
Terme-"410.00 to insure.
• ROBERT p. MURDOCIC,
Proprietor.
Wiliam Luker, Manager.
The Premium Clydesdale Stallion
. FAVOURITE AGAIN
Enrolment No. 1961(2433f) Form A 1
Monday. Afternoon -Will •leave his own
stable, B•rucefieid, and go south to Hippest by
London Road to Al. Harvey's, for night.
Tuesday. -To Second Concession, of Tecker-
smith, south 11/4 miles, then east to 10th con-
cession to Angus McKinnon's, foe noon; then
east to Ken. McKellar's, for night. Wednes-
day, -+East to Town Line, then north 1%
miles 'to Lloyd's Colquhoun's for noon; then by
Stella, to William Patrick's, for- night.
Thursday. -North 114 miles to 7th Concession
to Coyne Bras., for noon; thee west to Robt.
Doig's, for night. Friday. -West to Gem-
mell's corner, 'then north to Mill Road to
George McCartney's, for noon; theneast bo
M,cAdam'a side concession, and worth to
Carnochan Bros., for night. Saturday. -Be
way of . Broadfoot's bridge to Mill Road to
C.'
stable.
` Terms -Terms to. insure, 513.00.
R. le. MURDOCIK,
. Proprietor & Manager.
The pure Beed Imported aed President •
Percheron Stallion
RAVEN "'
[12804]
Form A 1
Commencing Monday, May Bath, will travel
Practically the same route as last season.
JOHN •.LIVINGSTON,
' Proprietor and Mapager.
The Pure Bred Imported and Premium
Percheron Stallion
RAVEN
[12804]
Enrolment No. 2200 Approvedy Form A 1
Monday -Will leave his own arable, Staffs.
and go soutlh''21.4 miles to the lath Conces-
sion, and east 21.1 miles to Hugh Dalrymple,
for noon; then north 214 and west 2% Earles
to Staffa to his own stable for night. Tues-
day. -=west to the 8th Concession five miles.
and north to Montgomery Patrick's, for noon;
then north by way of Sproat's Brick Yard
to Ivy Henderson's, McKillop, for night.
Wednesday. East 1% miles and north 2%,a
miles to Pere, Li'btle's, for noon; then by
way of Leadhury and then east to- Isaac
McGavin's, for night. Thursday. -East and
south to Frank Johnston'*, for noon; than
east 114 miles apt north 1% Miles and east
to the Logan Town Line and south ter Ed.
Roses, for night. Friday. -.South 11,E milee
and west 114 miles and south to John Walslr's
for noon: then south 3% miles and east 235,
miles to Grags._Bros., 4tti Concession of Rib-
bert, for 'flight. Saturday -South 1% miles
and, west 2l.;, miles and south to Staffa by
way of Centre Road, to his own st i,ie, where
he will remain until the following Monday
morning.
Terms -+$13.00 to .insure, payable February
lot, 1933.
LIVINGSTONE & "f'i MPLEMAN, Proprietors.
John Livingstone, Manager.
VALIANT GUY
37501 Can. No. 4070
Approved Four 1 Interim Cert.
Will stand .this season at his own stable.
Brueefield, for a limited number of mares rad
until further notice.
Valient Gish, trotter; brown colt; 9oaied
Mame 81, 14. rgtandard and Registered.
Bred by Walnut Hall Farm. Donerail,
is a son of the great Guy Axwoe'bhy 2.08%
Ills sire is the greatest producer of trotters;
living or dead, "having putt four 2 minute
trotters on the list, and hos 282 to his credit
in the list to -day. Dam, Lady Gratin, 2.16.
Terms --Standard bred registered mars„
520; grade mars, $12. -
WILLIAM BERRY,
Proprietor and Manager.
The Imported and Premium Bei$ian Draft
Stallion
DE HEMEL
Canadian No. 4369 American 'No. 15505
Form A 1 Enrolment No. 2666
Will stand for the improvement of stock
thrls season ea follows: Monday -Will leave
his own stable, 1 mile north of Hens)), and
go west 11/4 maim and 114 miles south to
Zurich road, then west to Warn Pybus' far
noun ; Shen north by way of 'Parr Line bo
Harvey Coleman's, for night. Tuesday. -
North to Logan's donee west 134 miles tri
William Meter's, for noon; thence north, to
Befyfield Road and ysaett to Albert Horner'&
for night Wedn e. -By way of Bayfield
Road to second Concession, thence south 1%
mitres .to Fred Rathwell's, far noon; thence
south and seat to itis own stable for night.
71horisday--Erik to William Brietnoll'e, for
noon; then north 114 mules to 10th conces-
Am and west 114 utiles on 10th, thence north
214 moles to Louis Gomniest's, for night. Fri-
cke -East 114 miles, north 14 mules and
west to Mex. WsRinde's, for noon; thence
south and west to Ed. Soraat's, for night.
Satued'ay.--$y way of Second Con eseiee tb
his own stable for neon, where he will re -
Main until the .following Monday morning.
Terms. --$14.00 to insure,! payable February
1st 1983. 7f paid on or before the' 1st at
April, $1.00 will ile 'refunded.
MORRIS & aMILL1E,
Piormietors.
Aiyln workbrlan, Manager.
s}rUlo'13c�'sli
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