HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron Expositor, 1927-03-18, Page 6let.
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" and 0f()l; a '' stare • Throat Ros-
ltx,, l.tandelat . At Commercial
l hr Sea Qr•t�.,. this Monday ` in
• month fru4u[,. 1;1 a.m. to 3 p.m.aterloo Street, South, Stratford.
xle 267, Stratford.
LEGAL
ne No. 91
10161 'J. HUGGARD
Barrister, Solicitor,
Notary Public, Etc.
jileattle Block - - Seaforth, Ont.
1.
R. S. HAYS
Ba><rhiter, Solicitor, Conveyancer
and Notary Public. Solicitor for the
Dominion Bank. Oifiee in rear of the
Dominion Bank, Seaforth. Money to
loan.
BEST & BEST
Barristers, Solicitors, Conveyan-
cers and Notaries Public, Etc. Office
in the Edge Building, opposite The
Expositor Office.
' VETERINARY
JOHN GRIEVE, V.S.
Honor graduate of Ontario Veterin-
ary College. All diseases of domestic
animals treated. Calls promptly at-
tended to and charges moderate. Vet-
erinary Dentistry a specialty. Office
and residence on Goderich Street, one
door east of Dr. Mackay's Office, Sea -
forth.
A. R. CAMPBELL, V.S.
Graduate of Ontario Veterinary
College, University of Toronto. All
diseases of domestic animals treated
by t h e most modern principles.
Charges reasonable. Day or night
calls promptly attended to. Office on
Main Street, Hensall, opposite Town
Hall. Phone 116.
MEDICAL
DR. W. C. SPROAT
Graduate of Faculty of Medicine,
University of Western Ontario, Lon-
don. Member of College of Physic-
ians and Surgeons of Ontario. Office
in Aberhart's Drug Store, Main St.,
Seaforth. Phone 90.
DR. R. P. L DOUGALL
Honour graduate of Faculty of
Medicine and Master of Science, Uni-
versity of Western Ontario, London,
Member of College of Physicians and
Surgeons of Ontario. Office, 2 doors
east of post office. Phone 56, Hensall,
Ontario. 3004-tf
DR. A. NEWTON-BRADY
Bayfield.
Graduate Dublin University, Ire-
land. Late Extern Assistant Master
Rotunda Hospital for Women and
Children, Dublin. Office at residence
Lately occupied by Mrs. Parsons.
Hours, 9 to 10 a.m., 6 to 7 p.m.;
Sundays, 1 to 2 p.m. 2866-25
DR. F. J. BURROWS
Office and residence Goderich Street,
east of the Methodist church, Sea -
forth.. Phone 46. Coroner for the
County of Huron.
DR. C. MACKAY
C. Mackay, honor graduate of Trin-
ity University, and gold medallist of
Trinity Medical College; member of
the College of Physicians and Sur-
geons of Ontario.
DR. H. HUGH ROSS
Graduate of University of Toronto
Faculty of Medicine, member of Col-
lege of Physicians and Surgeons if
Ontario; pass graduate course, in
Chicago Clinical School of Chicago ;
Royal Ophthalmic Hospital, London,
England; University Hospital, Lon-
don, England. Office - Back of Do-
minion Bank, Seaforth. Phone No,:,.
Night calls answered from residence,
Victoria Street, Seaforth.
DR. J. A. MUNN
Successor to i)r. R. R. Ross
Graduate of Northwestern Univers-
ity, Chicago, 111. Licentiate Royal
College of Dental Surgeons, Toronto.
Office over Sills' hardware, Main St..,
Seaforth. Phone ] 51.
i)R. F..1. BECHF:i,i'
Graduate Royal College of Dental
Surgeons, Toronto. Miley over W. R.
Smith's Grocery, Main Street, Sea -
forth. Phones: Office, 1)t:, W.; resi-
dence, 185 J. eloar-t I
4.C('T1ONEERS
OSCAR W. REEL)
Licensed aucti"neer for the (•,nln
ties of Perth and Huron.r.raduaie
of ,Jones' Schoolof Aurtioneering,
Chicago. Charges moderate and sal.
isfa'ction guaranteed. Write or wire
Oscar W. Reed, Steffe, Ont. Phenr'
11-2. 3965x12
THOMAS BROWN
Licensed auctioneer for the counties
of' Huron and Perth. Correspondence
arrangements for sale dates can be
made by calling up phone 212, Sea -
forth, or The Expositor Office. Charg-
es moderate, and satisfaction guaran-
teed.
?MAVEN DAYS' BOARD FOR
ARUNKI N' DRIVERS
The amused person standing at tha
bar of the police court was a little
non, neatly dressed, spite respect- '
alale in appearance, but with a very
subdued and meek expression on his
face. Tyre was no air of excite-
ment about him, nor apparent sense
of shame; it was merely a case of
I
nabashed resignation to the inevit-
able.
"John Smith," said the clerk. "You
are charged that you did in the city
of Toronto, on the tenth day of
February, 1927, contrary to law,
drive motor vehicle under . . . on
the public highway while intoxicat-
"How do you plead?" asked the
magistrate, "Guilty- or not guilty?"
"Guilty," said the little man.
Then without comment, or waiting
to hear his sentence, and before the
magistrate could record the plea, he
made a right turn through the little
gate into the prisoners' dock, and
went down the stairs to the cells be-.
low. His matter-of-fact and unusu-
al conduct drew to 'him a more than
ordinary interest on the part of the
court and spectators. As he turned
he revealed the fact that he carried
under his left arm a small neat par-
cel, of a size, obviously.) to accommo-
date a change of underwear and a
suit of pyjamas. The clanging of
the iron gate at the feat of the stairs
was muffled by the roar of laughter
which rocked the court as the sig-
nificance of the parcel was under-
stood.
His sentence was endorsed on his
papers without ever being pronounc-
ed verbally. It was seven days in
jail. That is the standard minimum
for such offenses, a minimum de-
manded against intoxicated motorists
by an outraged public in its own pro-
tection. The fact that John Smith
knew his own fate without hearing it
pronounced is one of the best fea-
tures of the law as it is enforced in
the Toronto police courts. Tipplers
know what they are up against and
the risks they run. On a first con-
viction, where there has been no dam-
age to property or person, there is
an invariable sentence of seven days
in jail. The result is that a man
with one grain of common sense when
he gets drunk—if a man with any
common sense ever does get drunk -1
leaves his car and goes home in a
taxi.
In spite of the certainty of the law
and the rigor of its enforcement,
there are still a great many who take
the chance and pay the penalty.
Without knowing the figures, one
might almost be safe in saying that
it is a daily occurrence in the Toron-
to police courts for some motorist to
be granted seven days free board at
:he jail farm. And it is an interest-
ing fact that so many of the culprits
have such an appearance of general
respectability.
That is what makes the jail sent-
ence, light as it is, 50 effective, and
causes the wise man to call a taxi.
It is the stigma of having been in
jail, and the unpleasant social and
domestic complications which it may
create which gives the sentence its
merit. The recent case of a young
city salesman employed by a large To -1 commercial house will serve as '
an illustration. After ,his arrest he
got hail. Then before his trial he
went to his sales manager and asked)
for a holiday. He was not feeling i
well, he said, and he had an invita-
Lion to spe nd a week with friends in
Muskoka. Could he get away? Hay.'
ing got his leave of absence, h
thought. that he had covered up his 1
tracks.
Next day, however, the cat w•a.s out
of the hag. The poli(•,' telephoned
his firm to know what was t.n he done
with the car which they were holding
at the police station.
"What car'!" sa)d the manager.'
puzzled.
-Why, .tones' car, the no he w•,l'
) Irking when he was arrested."
Then the whole story came nut.
(on''s got. a warm reception on his
'rerun) from his holiday in Muskoka.;
The motor car has wrought m:uty
,•har:g,•s in our civilization, and not
'he least of them is in our law. There
a w -h ,le• new branch of law which
h:,- gr''w-n up in the last twenty or;
'ochry-five years relating solely to
•he mono ear. One of the things,
which has had to hr provided for i=
'hi nun)-hment ''f the drunken driver.
There has always heen punsshmer.r
'or ,lrunk,•n',, - , but the 111,1 tin)
were fell 1131 to lee in11(I'033to 1„
heck. the habit of driving a moor
• car while iri' ,sirated. ''What tin -
nor the average nln'nr''' pay
' , :'r.l going to jail? There was n
need for special •.cgistaiion. The fart
'ha' th, pr'hl,•m presented !'"•'f sini-
ultane ,i l', to the whole world led ' '
gree' variety of enactment?. in
'he l'nited State;: there is a different
aw for each separate state.
• in one slate there is no penalty for
'he intoxicated driver unless he does
damage to property or person. in
another the liability to punishment
arises only when the driving becomes
dangerous to the public, and a driver
1 ran ho as drunk as he likes nn an
empty country road. In most juris-
dictions. however. the law forbids the
operation of a car while intoxicated.
In one leading American cane there
was a very pretty defense. The car
had been parked at the end of a blind
street with the front bumper flush
up against a brick wall. When the
driver came out of the house where
he got the liquor he was in the sort
of condition when a brick wall or
two meant nothing in bis young life,
and, having started his motor, he
tried to go ahead. The constable whoeal
made the arrtestified that seven
times he started the motor and then
stalled it trying to go through the
x. brick wall,
The defense was that not having
been able to go ahead, on account of
It. the wall, he was not driving the car,
and he was acquitted. The prosecu-
tion, however, was anxious to have
OSCAR KLOPP
Honor Graduate Carey Jones' Na-
tional School of Auctioneering, Chi-
cago. Special course taken in Pure
Bred Live Stock, Real Estate, Mer-
ehandise and Farm Sales. Rates in
keeping with prevailing market. Sate
ideation assured. Write or wire, l
°scar lopp, Zurich, Ont. Phone
42-93. 2866-62
R. T. LUKER
Lieensed auctioneer for the County
eg Enron. Sales attended to in all
parts of the county. Seven years' e
perienee iii Manitoba and Saskatchc
*an `ei'm 'reasonable. 'Phone No
r,[ all, I+a'teter, Centralia P.O., R•.
-Orders kit at The Huron Ex
pats troy t+y. Seaforth, promptly 'at-
tended.
1-
the limits of the law defined and lodg-
ed an appeal. It was pointed out that
the statute did not say drive but op-
erate. The learned justices of appeal
said that the accused was guilty be-
cause he was operating his car. They
went so far as to say that the mere
turning of the switch, or the insertion
of the key was operation within the
the intent of the act. The turning
on of the lights or releasing of the
emergency brake would be sufficient
under that ruling to make a drunk
rear liable 'to the penalties inflicted
for operating or driving.
Another question is the degree of
intoxication. Some acts say "under
the influence of intoxicating liquor."
What does that mean? One drink,
worthy of the name, will give the sub-
ject some sort of reaction, an inward
glow, which while certainly not bring-
ing him in the drunk class, clearly
has him under its influence. The
safest wording is probably that of our
own act, which says "intoxicated."
Darwin's Limited
Home Service Department
wants clean-cut, neat appearing, am-
bitious , honest men and women of
character to show and sell Darwin's
smartly styled Sprung Dresses and
Coats at the same prices as shown and
sold in our large and successful chain
of Ladies Ready-to-wear Stores; this is
an unusual opportunity to make a
permanent connection with Darwin's
20 -year old retail organization and
earn a growing income in keeping
with your ability. We'll furnish the
reputation and capital for you to build
a reputation and successful business in
protected territory with Darwin's over-
value, and broad guarantee of su-
preme satisfaction .to your customers.
You owe it to youraelf to write this
very day for full particulars of the
Darwin opportunity- Elaborate Free
sample outfit to those who qualify.
Our style and merchandising experts
will train thane who have not bad
.former experience. Address Darwin's
['Milted, Dept. 100, Box 612, Montreal.
Que.
THE LAMBING SEASON
According to a recent report from
the Ontario Department of Agricul-
ture, the lambing season has already
commenced although the bulk of the
new animal's will not arrive before
the end of the month. Hard on the
heels of lamhing must come the job
Of castrating and docking if the
farmer is to secure maximum returns.
Buck lambs are now penalized so
drastically on all the larger markets
that one cannot afford to raise them,
while tails on sheep went out of
fashion when wet pastures came in.
"Farmers should not fear this job,"
states I.. E. O'Neil, of the Ontario
Live Stock Branch, "and if a little
-art' is taken losses will he negligible,
not any heavier in fact than is the
case with young pigs. .lames Telfer,
who is in charge of the Dominion
Government sheep improvement work
in Western Ontario, told me he had
seen 4,001) Iambs castrated last sea -
.1131 without a single loss, though of
••11u rse this is a little exceptional. But
with a little care in the way of dis-
infectant and shelter there is practi •-
al)c- no risk," continued Mr. O'Neil.
•'11o'h castrn'ing and docking should
'r• .Ione in the morning and the sheep
')!owed to stay around the Karn un -
.ler shelter and observation for a day
'r two. in the rase of docking, it
may be necessary to tie a string
❑round the tail stump for a day if
edit,g is f•tcessive. In the aver-
age flock both jobs should not take
more than a couple of hours, and
! hould b'• carried out when the anim-
' 11- are from ten clays to two W'ss
ld.
\lith packers enforcing a cut of
two riol!n1•, on all buck lambs up t ,
'he fir -1 of November, and three doe
'nr- afar that, there is no argument
'Item! the arrest: its of castrating, ac -
aiding to Mr. O"Moil, who pointed
u' in :lridition to this sliflicient rea-
r,n the fart that an uncastrated lamb
•,will net make the came gain as the
other, n',r will his meat he of such
h'gh quality. Leaving the tails nn,
he '1so explained, results in dirty and
often diseased hints quarters especial-
ly in the fall of the year.
yr
TEN YEARS AGO CZAR'S DOOM
SOUNDED
'ailiotl s : Sod the all o'age aa d
rat tl( r Q' the civilian pepulatiof tAf
he capital, Long lines of people
,ormed,i4i the streets, and aaiany gfr'
.'seas tinaMd away hungtir'and empty
auntie(): ; 'tom the Government distri-
buting Stations. The s'h¢rtage was.
f); .11.ixn, to the wretched hand -
,;ng of •:tbe Russian transportation
yste0xa. The Government, though
;,etbiorued to put the rationing of the
populate in the hands of the 'city's
'acial organizations, refused to do
o, and thus increased ;the bitterness.
There were street parades and pro-
'ests, dispersed by the police. On
March 11th, the commandant of the
Petrograd garrison led his troops.
into the streets and ordered them
to disperse the crowds, which they
did stullenly. That evening many of
*he soldiers told their officers that
they Wee not prepared to fire on the
civilian population. The -next day
the Volintky and Litovsky regiments
went over to the side of the re-
bellious populace, after w'hic'h, meet-
ing slight resistance they occupied
several important military buildings.
There followed the occupation of
jails and fortresses with the libera-
tion of all political prisoners. That
night Prince Golitsin, president of
the Council of Ministers, telegraphed
his resignation to the Imperial Duma.
All, the other members of the Gov-
ernment sought to escape from the
capital.
On March llth, the President of
the Imperial Duma had telegraphed
the Czar warning him that to delay
longer in forming a Government that
would have the confidence of the peo-
ple would be to risk his throne. He
also telegraphed to the Generals
Brusilov and Ruszky, asking them to
confer with the Czar and urge upon
him the reorganization of his Gov-
ernment. On March 12th Rodzianko
telegraphed again, "The last hour has
arrived; to -morrow will be too late."
The same evening a group of mem-
bers of the Imperial Council, regard-
ed'then as the very pillar of reaction,
telegraphed Nicholas that he would
,have to act quickly and get rid of
his present Ministers. On March 14,
two days after the last hope had
vanished, the Czar invited Rodzian-
ko, to meet him at Bologoe and dis-
cuss matters. By that time the rev-
olution was in full swing, and the
Duane sent two messengers to His
Imperial Majesty to bid him abdi-
cate. Brusilov and Ruszky joined in
the demand and on the following day
Nicholas quit and handed over the
Czarship to his brother MichaeL On
March 16th, however, Czar Michael
abdicated, saying that the form of
government would have to •be decided
by a future constituent assembly.
Re approved a provisional govern-
ment, which contained some of the
best known and strongest men in the
country, who had devoted their lives
to public affairs. The only Socialist
member of the Government at that
time was Kerensky, Minister of Jus-
tice. Later on several other Social-
ists were added. The programme it
drew up would be considered liberal
and fair even in Canada. The ques-
tions of a constitution and the form
of government were left to be settled
by the constitueltt assembly, but as
soon as free speech was restored to
the press it became evident that the
overwhelming demand was for a re-
public. The provisional Government
then found it necessary, in order to
prevent any attempt to restore the
monarchy, to make the Czar and his
family prisoners. On March 23rd
they were taken in custody and kept
under guardin the Tsarskne Selo un-
til they were banished lated to Tob-
olsk, where they were to meet their
tragic fate. The first provisional
Government was succeeded by a sec-
ond previsional Government with
Keren-ky at its head. The Social
Keel )' ionary party was in the as-
crnd;' '. but it was far from being a
c•,•r n:i' ist party.
Thi ftolshevists at that time were
ung) ...An to the peasant., and in the
ceie Menshevist' we're 1110rr' in -
flu.: i, . Even in December, 1917,
elle • ' e. Bolshevists had seized pow -
r, when a Constituent. Assembly
w•:.- ! .•!g elected, 70 per cent. of the
con 11 •'re cast for thr Social Revo-
u o' 's, while the Bolshevists polled
her cent., arid this in spite of
r • that soldiers and sailors were
'lie right to vote. it. was the
11'.31) •r and sailors who after all set -
ie '1' • question for Lenin and his
g:intt The Bolshevists promised that
'h „ would end immediately if
'h' v '.ere entrusted with power.
Kee-, 1 v, on the other hand, was for
ligh' • 1' through. Perhaps he had
'h,• r acinus idea that his ew'n pow-
-• •ratory could inspire the Rus -
In mid -summer he was
•4-a1 by the Chief of the General
S'a'1' 'eat "the fighting spirit of the
army is exhausted." Never-
•hei,..:, he announced a general of-
fer eve on all fronts. This was the
na ;'raw. The Russian army began
o to -give by squads, companies, bat-
alions. by whole armies. it was the
end, i;erensky fled, and Lenin crept
out of his hole to rule Russia.
last week was the tenni annivers-
ary of the revolt of the Petrograd
garrison; which resulted in the over-
throw of Czarism and. the incidental
establishment in the following No-
vember of a worse curse, namely
Bolshevist rule. As one reviews the
events leading up to the mutiny in
March, 1917, the wonder grows that
such a weak and incompetent ruler
as Nicholas ever kept his throne so
long, and that under his leadership
Russia did for years put up such a
magnificent if losing struggle against
the armies of Germany and Austria.
The mentality of the Czar and his
close advisers seems in retrospect to
belong not to 1917, but to 1717. Had
he • acted with promptness and com-
mon sense in February he might be
seated on the throne to -day, hailed
as one of the great monarchs of the
world. Instead of that his buttes and
those of the royal family lie in some
obseure pit in Siberia, and While ev-
ery, person of human foaling must
think with horror of his murder, no
sensible person candoubt that he And
his kind ''ere a, blight to Russia, and
''.hat but for them lo'lal=ietrlartn cotild
i Dt hav'o Ma the powdr to try {itis
gtastly eitriegitiliattt UNA the t ess3alri
RE1: S LAST TRIP FULL OF
MYSTERY
An invisible and slippery hegira
takes place in the seas and river's ev-
ery fall—the migration of the eels.
Reading the New York Sun's ac-
count. of the exodus reprinted from
the London Daily Mail, we learn that
"from all the lakes and rivers of
Western Europe the eels set out on
that southernmost migration of mys-
tery, the 'three -thousand -mile run to
the Sargat to Sea, where they spawn
and die." The account . goes on to
tell us that "labeled with numbered
silver disk, eels have been tracked
from beyond Stockholm and the coast
of Finland,, having travelled for a
month at tiin'8 melees a day to -ward
the sound. and the open sea." The
New Yotk i etakl Tribune says of
this ktratlge ttriiteen, pilgrimage :
An urgency even Amager than that
which dralreh the Arctic 'tern front
pole to pare stirs in, than `At migra-
tion time, and, with the same persist,
"ttcy which bt S l lint' .takes ,thent
-tales itllatid to nisi r w # ter y.thejr
how set f':Oi' ':— idtild e`a"n.
The nat`ttt e d00010 were
easeinate eit% iihfiie . b r the )stye►,
t
' h'e442ti al 3s t}�xl oa t
Ln the lam. ., t ai tike set iii
11
a
01' 1rr. •
®
E banking requirements g�'-vr
of farmers differaccordn , 1!
to location and the partic-
ular branch of farming in which they axe engaged.
Whatever your banking requirements may be you
will find the Bank of Montreal prepared to give
the particular form of service you need.
BANK OF MONTREAL
sEststblislsed i8iT'
TOTAL ASSETS IN EXCESS OF $ 7 8 0,0 o O,o 0 O
tific certainty has attended specula-
tions about their travels and breeding
habits. Specimens have been tagged;
they have been pursued and watched
for, and bit by bit-4largely through
the brilliant investigations of Johan-
nes Schmidt, the Danish biologist—
their wonderful Odyssey has been
placed together.
In the Atlantic abysses north of the
West Indies, between the Bahamas
and Bermuda, the American eels en-
counter the eels from European wa-
ters and there both species breed, the
off -spring being produced during the
spring and summer. It is believed
that the parents die after the spawn-
ing takes place. Between the nuptial
migration in the fall and the return
of the European elvers to fresh wa-
ters, years intervene, while t h e
pelagic larval stage of the American
eels terminates in about one year. By
this second summer the infant Euro-
pean eel has reached the central At-
lantic, and some time during his third
summer he arrives off the coasts of
the "old home" he has never seen.
Here attaining the elver stage, he
swims up the water -course in the
spring—hack to the little ponds and
lakes where, when some future
autumn comes, from five to twenty
years hence, the whole strange, ardu-
ous ceremony will be begun again,
eels will take their invisible road to
appointed regions of the sea.
B1 ' dder Weakness
Getting -Up -Nights
Quickly Relieved
Pleasant Home Treatment Works
Fine; Used by Doctor For
Many Years.
What a wonderful comfort it is to
sleep all night and not get up once
from Bladder Weakness and Irrita-
tion.
The daily annoyance, rest.lees nights
of misery, backaches and nervous it-!
ritability that result from Bladder
Troubles, are wrecking the lives of
thousands who might otherwise he in
the hest of health.
To he at your hest, you must have
peaceful, health -giving sleep and
freedom from daily irritation—that's
why D`r. Southworth's URATABS
give such wonderful 'satisfaction.
Made from a special formula and
used in the Doctor's successful priv-
ate practice for nearly 50 years—
URATABS, now obtainable from your
druggist for inexpensive home use,
have brought quick help and comfort
to many thousands.
No matter what your age may be
or how many medicines you have us-
ed without success, if you want to
forget you have a Bladder and en-
joy the rest of peaceful, unbrojten
sleep, try URATABS to -day. Your
druggist will refund the small cost if
you are not well pleased!
PLANTS ARE SENSITIVE BUT
HAVE NO NERVES
PYace a patted geranium on a win-
dow -sill and very shortly all its
leaves will turn to the light; uproot
-a young seedling pea or bean and lay
it horizontally on the ground; and
presently its root 'will bend do'wn-
wards into the soil and its shoot up-
wards to the sky, rub the tendril of
a vine or a passion flower on one
side and it will slowly carve towards
the rubbed side. So we must con-
clude that plants ere sensitive to
light„ to gravity and to contact. The
botanists of )the seventeenth and 18th
centuries, lurtiever,.denied that plants
had lahlr feeling. The great natural:
1St Intttaens''dfstiitigUiah'e4 their ling
doh tot Nutlet 'b • saying e
0314 Oi°Owp1arlfls'gxo* aid liv6, atilt--
04, . tend f 1•."' fiver
&ad Y'daz'a ngs lett, a ,11 dW.
OtdelTo laniieUittiviv6 inti
chef feel, that th
r`(i�i 5ititt4ttoit.n �t�
1t f alcd �tfv i grt1410°
were found to be composed of cells
containing a mysterious slimy sub-
stance called "protoplasm," which
seemed to be responsible for the
phenomena we call "life," writes
Prof. Harvey Gibson in T. P.'s Week-
ly.
What is life? We cannot give any
definition, or, rather, we may give
twenty, and get not nearer to an
exact answer than the equally mys-
terious Mrs. Harris gave to Mrs.
Gamp: "Sairey, sech is life, vich
likeways is the hend of all things."
As microscopes improved and those
who used them become more expert,
the particles of "protoplasm" within
the cells were seen to be continuous
with each other throug the medium
of fine fibres that ran through the
walls. "Here are the missing nerves,"
said some, but too hastily, as it turn-
ed out. There was one plant with
which physiologists were particularly
fond of experimenting and that was
the so-called "Sensitive Plant," be-
cause it gave resp$nses to the slight-
est touch. If the tip of any one of
the leaves he touched, each section of
the leaf drops down, and then the
whole leaf does so also.
If one of the roots he cut all the
leaves take up the "half mast" posi-
tion. The seat of the movement is
obviously the swollen base, for when
the lower cells of the swelling are
distended with water the stalk is
held erect; but after the leaf is
touched the water escaped into the
spaces between the • cells, the cells
collapse and the leaf droops. Some
message had evidently passed from
the several roots or the end of the
leaf to the swollen bases, which has
induced the water to escape and the
leaf to fall. But what is the nature
of the message, and how is it tele-
graphed? A new light was thrown
nn the problem by an Italian, Ricca,
in 1816, and his work has been ex-
tended by Sir Frederick Keeble, of
Oxford. Let a branch of the Sen-
sitive Plant be cut in two, and the
rut (fids he united by a glass tube
filled with water; after a time the
plant recovers from the shock and
expands its leaves once more. If
now the root he severed, the leaves
fall as before, so that something
mustt have travelled from the injured
root through the stem and the glal9
tube to the leaves, ordering them to
op.en food reaches the stomach
Wh
androd intestines of an animal the vari-
ous glands that open into the ali-
mentary canal pour their digestive
juices into it, and their activities are
aroused by certain chemical messen-
gers which physiologists call "hor-
mones," from a Greek word mean-
ing "I arouse to activity." The bot-
anists have adopted this idea and be- �+
lieve that, when the root of the Sen-
sitive Plant is cut, a chemical mes-
senger passes up along with the wa-
ter current, "knocking," as Sir Fred-
erick Keeble says, "at every succes-
sive leaf as it passes", and causing.
it to excrete water from its base and e
so droop. Ae we have seen, if a
seedling bean be laid horizontally,
the young root very soon bends down-
wards once more towards the soil;
but if we snip off the extreme tip it
does not so bend; we have isolated
the post -office and no messages can
be sent out. But if we replace the
root tip by gumming it on with gel-
atine, the door of the post -office is op-
ened again to the messenger and the
telegram is delivered.
Again, if we germinate some bar-
ley seeds in a flower pot, and cover
the tips of some of the first leaven
with 1•ittle extinguishers of tinfoil,
and then place the pot on a window-
sill, all the uncovered tips will bend
towards the light; but those that are
capped will not. The telegraph%e
apparatus in the post office has
been disconnected and no message
from the sun has been received.
These are only a fewe'''of the cases
that prove to us that plants un-
doubtedly feel and respond to
stimuli, as animals do, but with a
difference. In the animal the mes-
sages are either extremely rapid,
along nerves from the receivers the
sense organs—to their destinations
by direct wires, or slower messages
carried by hormones in the blood
stream—postmen. in short. In the
plant there are no special delivery
wires but postmen only, who move
slowly, carrying letters on their
rounds from door to door.' to he taken
in at last and replied to by the house-
holds for which the letters are in-
tended. Thus the answer to our ques-
tion is --plants have no nerves.
NEW CANADIAN NATIONAL LINE
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