HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron Expositor, 1925-05-08, Page 6.14
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'ON.
One hundred and thirty-four years
ago there was 'born in the shadow of
Bunker Bill Monument" which ,lard I
even then becomee a historic landmark,
s inn who was destined to affect
civilization quite as much as did the
events that axe symbolized in the
!Monument itself. This was Samuel
Finley Breese Morse, inventor of the
telegraph, and it is difficult to think
of any one man who made a greater
contribution to human knowledge.
comfort and prosperity. Without
Morse's invention there could be
none of the electric marvels of the
age. Electro -magnetism, is not only
at the bottom of the telegraph, but
of the telephone, the radio, wireless,
the electric light, electric power,
even the automobile. His was as
great an achievement as that of
Watts who devised the steam engine.
Without Morse there would have been
no Bell, no Marconi, no Edison, no
Ford. Without Morse there would
have been no modern civilization as
we understand it.
Without this introductory para-
graph few would understand that in
the following words Morse was de-
scribing the first telegraph instru-
ment ever devised, one that is
treasured in the National Museum at
Washington:—
"There [at the university] I imme-
diately commenced, with very limit -
means, to experiment upon my
ention. My first instrument was
made up of an old picture or canvas
ame fastened to a table; the wheels
f an old wooden clock moved by a
eight to carry the paper forward;
three wooden drums, upon one of
hick the paper was wound, and
asses over the other two; a wood -
pendulum, suspended to the top
iece of the picture or stretching
-ame, and vibrating across the
P•
as it passed over the centre
codon drum; a pencil at the lower
nd of the pendulum in contact with
he paper; an electro -magnet fas-
ened to a shelf across the picture or
sat]
frame, opposite to an
-mature to the pendulum; a type
ule and type, for breaking the cir-
uit, resting on an endless band corn -
sed of carpet binding, which pass -
over two wooden rollers, moved
y a wooden crank, a lever, with a
mall weight on the upper side, and
tooth projecting downward at one
nd, operated on by the type, and a
metallic fork, also projecting down-
ward over two mercury cups, and a
bort circuit of wire embracing the
slices of the electro-mlagnet connect-
s with the positive and negative poles
f the battery and terminating in the
mercury cups."
Police Commissioner Enright of
New York who is an authority on
he subject, says that the first mes-
age flashed by the telegraph was
of the message of tradition, namely,
What hath God wrought!" It re -
resented the exultation rather than
he humility of the great inventor,
he man who knew that he had done
great thing. The message was
Attention, the Universe! By King-
doms and Republics, Right Wheel!"
t was sent from one classroom to
another in the old building which at
hat time housed the New York Uni-
ersity. The other message, one that
Marse had no doubt pondered over a
good deal, was sent from the United
States Supreme Court Room, at
Washington to Baltimore on May 24,
844. This message was sent after
Morse, persistent, if at times despair -
ng, had induced Congress to set
aside a sum, enabling him to com-
plate his experiments, for at that
ame he had exhausted his private
means. That he got a majority to
favor it was surprising, for never
N
an inventor regarded as more
crank than Morse. When the
N
came up one member, a Mr.
Cave Johnson, who thus achieved
posterity, offered a derisive amend-
ment to the effect that half the sum
should be devoted to experiments in
mesmerism or donated to the "Mil -
yeas
toWe
d rea
lerites," then suffering a sad '
pointment because the world bad ;not.
come to an appropriate end. Re
got twenty-six to support him,
Morse was a versatile genius whose
talent first shone as a painter. When
he was a student at Yale he deter-
mined to become an artist and- in
furtherance of this design he went
abroad and studied under Benjamin
West. Both in England and the
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I. F. McGregor, Seaforth, Sec.-Treas.
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zp wCr'L
see,•
ma to rib
to was e a xt
eneratiou, d
°awned Owe
an electric slsat�lt;: i
til of a kite why?
a wire ? "" Ute:
ve expression. td
pet of his speanla*,
t$Q l5 w n y citing home frons
1S. d "l fd that h wished *hat
ea e
in an insult Ye' could communicate
the iidor* ton to his mother that
he, was 'well, When he returned
home as e.successful painter and
became a' Professor of Art and Dem
sin in the New York University, his
*ought eentinued to tpi n to ' elcc-
trleity rather than to canvas and
pigment. . .
1
and'r�:,,
rhe her They :ei4'
Awl a 'few signal
eV cQjc momma en was interrupte
o co .ld it be tweed, thougia. the
crowd:;.clamo r eaeoct on, Bventu-
ally • was dial c red that a yssel
in raising , anchor :;laud, rawhaithe.
cable, tee, and ,ot knowing it
was, had, f it.. `1! *.ereN d Jeered
and dispersed:, But it w nttt crowds
which Morse desired to impire s..' j e
tos'1e
line Iaatw' . „. .
ton, when, the•
t deanonstrai
new pews; tui
span's.. uses.
•
"Miserly hoarding is not conservation. In the case of the forests it is . merely wasting
something that might as well have been used.
"A forest is not destroyed by sound cutting: it is improved and made more productive,:
"The proposed Embargo is not a reasonable regulation applied to resources in which you havi
common interest. It is an arbitrary interference with Private property in which youhave absolutely
no right.99
These striking statements, made by Ralph P. Bell, the chief public champion of the anti -embargo
forces, are a forceful challenge to some popular misconceptions that have grown up around the
Embargo controversy.
"Conservation," he says, "lies in sound cutting
and utilization, not in miserly hoarding; and
just as thinning and pruning and cultivating a e'
garden, , gives that garden a chance to thrive,
so properly regulated cutting helps a forest; giving
the young trees a chance to grow. If you properly
manage your forests and cut the mature grorith,
the young seedlings will have a chance and in
thirty to fifty years your land will produce its
second crop. That is true conservation."
"The advocates of this Embargo," Bell con
tinues, "tell us that ninety per cent of our annual
forest consumption is a total loss from fire, winds,
bugs and fungi."
By proper cutting we not only profit by the
utilization of what we cul, but, while we are
thus profiting, we are simultaneously saving
a considerable proportion that might otherwise,
through sheer waste, have been added to that
ninety per cent. loss.
Whose Resources are they?
THERE has bep much talk of the
necessity of saving our forest heritage.
"Why do so many of you people keep
harping on that word 'our all the time, '
Bell demands, "Our forests, those that we
as a body of citizensactually own (and
they form 85% of the total forest area of
Canada) are already under Embargo so far
as export is concerned. The forests that
we are talking about now, in relation to the
present proposed Embargo are those owned
by individual fellow citizens of ours, just
as you own your house acid lot or your farm.
And yet you join in the cry, 'Our forest—'
our land—Our national -heritage.'' Have
you paid good money for theors thatyou're
all of a sudden so generouslpa•triotieabout?
Have you slaved for them :suffered un-
believeable hardships for them ame settler
owners have? Every time the -big paper- corn-;;_
panics mention their wood -
resources, theyspeak of 'the'
Interests of our share-
holders,' but when they talk
about the wood of th'e Man .
who owns a little plot -of"
freehold forest land they talk
of 'our' national resources.
They aren't 'our' resources
at all. They are his and
only his; and neither you nor
I have anything to do with
them."
Private Enterprises -
"But," the ready objecter
interposes, "If the forests ire
cut down indiscriminately,
all Canadians suffer."
"Yes," Bell retorts, "and
if your big business gets it-
self into,a jam, you are going
to suffer, too.But you don
tell the owtiers that their
business is a( . national re-
�ourcevea, and
ight thtato ains tersuchfere iyou an
lits management. 'No, they are private
enterprises,' you say. I tell you, these
businesses are no more private enter-
prises, than the woodlot owner's trees are his
private enterprise."
"As for that indiscriminate cutting that
you talk about—Do you thhI the woodlot
owner is a fool? Do you think be is going
to throw away his capital? ' . . Not much I
' He was born and bred among trees. He has
spent a lifetime in making them his. They
are his business, and by pod .large he'S
taking better care of them than any other
class of timber owner. You have no
ore right to tell flim what be must -do with
his trees or where he may sell them than he
has to tell you how to run your private
business. Its sheer presumption! An assump-
tion that isn't supported by a shadow of right
or justice."
WISE CUTTING
It is asserted on the excellent
authority of Dr. Clifton D.
Howe, Dean of Forestry at the
University of Toronto, that
Canada owns young forests of
over 50,000,000 acres. Dr. Howe
maintains that under rigid
'fire protection and wise ad-
ministration this 50,000,000
acres will supply Canada with
adequate timber to cover
future needs.
WASTE ENERGY
much 'cooked' as one that is poached. A
given piece of material may be just as much
manufactured by hand labor in the woods
as by machinery. in a mill, and the benefit
to the community depends, after all, upon
how much money is expended in the process.
Suppose we just examine this idea a little bit:
Two neighboring woodlot owners, can
each cut from their woodlot logs scaling
thirty-four cords. One sells to a pulpwoo
dealer by whom he has been offered $8.00
rough or $10.50 peeled. He has agreed to
deliver the latter, and he and his sons cut,
peel and junk their wood and earn the
additional $2.50 per cord over the price
they would have received for their wood in
the -rough state. His neighbor takes his
logs to the,mfll^'where they are sawed into
rough lumber for which work he has to pay
the mill, $5.00 per thousand feet. When his 34
cords are sawed out, he only has 17,000 ft.,
1, t,110ltlatii
Why waste time an the harwhss little fellow when a big danger threatens Canada's forest wealth ?
Saved from Pulp but not from Lumber
BUT will the imposition of an Embargo
prevent the woodlot owner from
selling his wood ?"
"Asulpwood, yes, as lumber, no. And
will a tree cut for pulpwood decimate our
forest heritage more than the same tree
outpr lumber?
"The cases are not quite similar," some-
one says, "Oqe is a manufactured product,
and provides work for Canadian workmen,
the other is an unmanufactu%ed product.'!--
Pulpwood
roduct.'Pulpwood vs. Lumber
"A popular and perhaps natural miscon-
ception," Bell replies, "But erronequs never-
theless? An .egg that Is boiled is just as
for it takes two cords of logs
to make a thousand feet of
ee
lumber. The cost of making
hose logs into rouge lumber
is, :therefore, $2.50 a cord,
which the mill earns. The
cost of turning the other fel-
low's logs into sap peeled
pulpwood is also $2.50 a cord,
but in that case the owner
earns it. The one is processed
at home on the wood lot by
hand; the other is processed
in the mill by machinery..
The expenditure is the same.
The one is as much a manu-
factured product�as the other.
An Unreasodable Idea
"But this isn't all.-- It
takes two -railroad cars to
carry the 84 cords of pulp-
wood, while the 17,000 feet
of rough lumber which re.
quired the same original
quantity of raw material, fine
only one car. The railroads
receive twice as much freight for the pulp-
wood as they clo for the lumber."
"So rem , , ber, that when• you advocate
Imposing an t mbargo, you are simply sayings
'You may not, from this on, sell your logs as
pulpwood; you may not so secure for your-
self and our sons, employment for an Idle
it
seasgghhn, eta you ppmay • ccutsy t your
�logs into
per cent of the cubic eti aten tent of those loge
YeQu may load only " one. car, where. you
might have loaded two. IrOu ,may not
eel1 your wood to an Atnerican Paper Mill in
hort round sticks to manufacture into paper
ut you may sell it to the -same mill in ion
et sticks to manufacture into boxes i
which to pack its paper.' Is such a propoela,
tion either reasonable or sensible?"
"If the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association is sincere in its commendable desire. for forest
conservation, let them purchase in the open market the wood now going to the 'United States. Let
them conserve their own standing wood instead of asking the Government to apply- a regulation
which would place Canadian wood -owners and producers at the mercy of a powerful industrial
group such as the 'Newspril t Ring'. "If their industry needs wood why don't they buy it?"
Canadian Pulpwood Ass.�ciation
Temporary Address : P. 0. Box 1081, Halifax, Nova Scotia
President: Aisua McLean, Bathurst Company, Limited, Bathurst, N.B.
reee.peeskieete e A. G. Airmn:a,-r Auger & Son, Limited Quebec, P. Q. ; JAMrns Taomesorr, of Thonipson's & 4 syland Lumber Go., Liraili
Toronto, Ont., .; R.i.x rn P. BimLL, Halifax, Nova Scotia
EXECUTIVE- COMMITTEE
7. 0. Atrmr'a, Quebec, P db. Aisiror, Quebec, P t�. P. W. Petrous, Or<aoeflold P.O. T d. RAMI rs, Bganvfne, Ont.
entre `I a aft, Quebec, 1' . B. Waterer, Sherbrool,' , P.Q. it. (lutecium, Smith's Pails, (hit. Crass. E. Qumran, Il'rederioton, N.B.
R. 1D'Ar esraa, Quebecor,
W. Ear Bann, Annapolis, 'lv.s. 1E1rgtisrl Laa>fnux, Trifig Jute. 1 Q.
An Organization of Canadian eltL one and companies cnn;;itg¢d in the production' bf V'eileivoe i, which believes in the right e~& ft.
metabare3 to emit theft p oduat in thee_beot snArkets of the world.
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