The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink AboutThe Huron Expositor, 1923-11-23, Page 6he • Iwo quest Issentiala in #laadling Fruit Trees. ilb,tapces Recommenrlevt for Planting —1?o Net Prune Young Trees too Henvlly -1t Delays Growth and Fruitittg--1'racticul Suggestions. • Ieua'34 uete4 et Ontario Uepartweut of ag rlouiturn, Toronto.) In conjunction with our recowweu- dations on pruning Seen below we wish also to make certalu recom- mendations as to distances of Plant- ing to those growers who content - slate setting out uew orchards. In peaches, for example, we are of the opinion that, taking one variety with .ether, eighteen feet apart each w..y, or the equivalent alwuld be the �sulute mi:,uuuu, distance. 'Twenty .•t would be a better distance. Cun- .,.dcrauly to %.r trees to the ..cis can Bet, bol it is pr,baby, tiiough not r�ieu, that Just as much butt to -.:e acre will be harscsted sr, if the '";p,,, R. CAMPBELL, V.S. actuate of Ontario Veterinary 0.114ga, University of Toronto. All ea of domestic animals treated the moat modern prhiciplea. promptly attendedDay or night to. Office en. Street, Hensall, opposite Town Phone 118. LEGAL R. S. HAYS. B*rrlater Solicitor, Conveyancer and he Do- ,�Bankahc Office in rear oft the Do- minion Bank. Seaforth. Money to • • sal BEST & BEST Barristers, Solicitors, Convey - Metre and Notaries Public, Etc. fade in the Edge Building, opposite Tke Expositor Office. FROTJDFOOT, KILLORAN AND HOLMES Barristers, Solicitors, Notaries Pub- lds, etc. Money to lend. In Seaforth en Monday of each week. Office an K idd Block. W. Proudfoot, H -C., J. 1. Halloran, B. E. Holmes. VETERINARY F. HARBURN, V. S. Honor graduate of Ontario Veterin- ary College, and honorary member of ihnliedical Association of the Ontario Veterinary College. Treats diseases of nil domestic animals by the most mod - San principles. Dentistry and Milk f�eve�rt' a specialty. Office opposite Dick's Hotel, Main Street, Seaforth. rill orders left at the hotel will re- mise prompt attention. Night calls letei'ved at the office JOHN GRIEVE. V. 8. Honor graduate of Ontario Veterin- Me17y College. All diseases of domestic gotmals treated. Calls promptly at - bladed to and charges moderate. Vet- tftnary Dentistry a specialty. Office g od residence on Goderich street, one �e�east of Dr. Scott's office, Sea- s+ MEDICAL DR. G. W. DUFFIN Hensall, Ontario. Office over Joynt's Block; phone 114; Office at Walker House, Bruce- Selon Tuesday and Friday: hours 2 to 5 pea.; phare No. 31-142. Grad- uate of the Faculty of Medicine, Western University, London. Mem- Iter of the College of Physicians and surgeons of Ontario. Post -Graduate member of Resident Staffs. of Receiv- ing and Grace Hospitals, Detroit, for 18 months. Post -Graduate member of Resident Staff in Midwifery at Herman Kiefer Hospital, Detroit, for three months. DR- A. NEWTON-BRADY Bayfield. Graduate Dublin University, Ire- land. Late Extern Assistant Master Rotunda Hospital for Women and Children, Dublin. Office at residence lately occupied by Mrs. Parsons. Hours, 9 to 10 a.m., 6 to 7 p.m. Sundays, 1 to 2 p.m. 2886-28 DR. F. J. BURROWS Office and residence, Goderich street Mat of the Methodist church, Seaford Phone 46, Coroner for the County of Huron , Avoid. Eatt'entes of Heat .and Using the Self -Feeder—'& Correc- tive for Winter Use - Farre Bookkeeping -- Roughage! Have it Good. 1 JCoatrtbuted by Ontario leeptlrtment of Agriculture, Toronto.) Swine are profitable when given abundant sunshine and exercise, fed uu well selected feeds, gently han- dled, given proper sanitation and housing, kept free from worms and lice, and protected against cholera and other diseases. Much can happen a pig between birth and old age. but it is an easy animal to keep In the straight and narrow path leading to successful and profitable development if you go the right way about it. Pigs frequently suffer more from the heat of the sun during the sum- mer than they Co from the cold of the winter period. 11 possible, make full use of any available shade trees when making your plans for same pastures, feed lots or colony ,house l,.catiuus. The Self -feeder for l'lge Young pigs having access to a self -feeder may neglect the pasture portion of their rations, so must be watched from time to time. The self - feeder eau be used with !nature breeding stock, providing the ration given is bulky and contains such roughage as ground alfalfa. Mature breeding stuck are apt to become too fat if given the freednw of helping themselves. The self -feeder is in- tended as an aid to feeding oper- ations during the grazing season, and as such, it will reduce the labor re- quirement of feeding over fifty per Cent. Corrective for Winter Use. The use of a suitable corrective f8 strongly recommend, d by all success- ful swine feeders. One that is low in cost and fully efficient, and easy to prepare may be provided as follows: 100 pounds of ground lime stone or slacked lime. 100 pounds of hard wood ashes or root cellar soil to which 10 pounds of bone emir hes been added. 200 pounds of charcoal. 50 pounds of salt. 20 pounds of sulphur, 2 pounds of iron sulphate. Mix all the dry material together excepting the iron sulphate. When all are mixed, dissolve the iron sul- phate in a gallon of hot water and sprinkle over the entire mass. Shovel over a few times, and then store In sacks or barrels for use as wanted. Pigs should be given free access to a feeder or box containing the above mixture,—L. Stevenson, O.A.C., Guelph. Farm Bookkeeping. Two dairy farms .were selected for a study of the cost of -producing milk. It was found that on one the cost of production *as $1.65 per hundred- weight of milk; en the other farm the cost was $6 per hundredweight. If both these farms were selling milk at $2.50 per hundredweight, what would you say about the com- parative prosperity of the two farm? It is quite usual to see two farms side by side, one of which appears prosperous while the other seems to be slowle going down. It doesn't mean that one farmer is a worker while th._ other is lazy,, not at all. We have ail seen hard-working farmers who have failed to make a success. We explain it by saying he had poor luck, or things somehow seemed to go against him. After all brain is about as im- portant as muscle, If not more so, In this farming business. And a farmer can work as profitably at his desk as he can in the field. That is why it pays a farmer to be educated. it is a matter of money' returns whether the farmer shall know how to keep his books'or not. It takes only a few minutes to jot down Items of hours spent on various crops in a time -book, once or twice can week. And items of aexpense be entered in a column as they occur, to be distributed at leisure in winter evenings. The date of sale and the Price received are more than mere items of curiosity to be remembered for awhile then forgotten, Really there is no excuse for a farmer not knowing his production costs.' And it should be considered as much of a sign of poor farming as the growth of weeds along the roadside or the tumbling of fen;,ces. DR. C. MACKAY C. Mackay honor graduate of Tria- ity University, and gold medallist of Trinity Medical College; member of the College of Physicians and Sur- geons of Ontario. DR. H. HUGH ROSS Graduate of University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, member of Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario; pass graduate courses in Chicago Clinical School of Chicago; Royal Ophthalmic Hospital, London, Busload; University Hospital, Los - dos, England., Office—Back of Do- minion Bank, Seeforth. Phone No. 5, Night calla answered from resideaee, • Victoria street, Seaforth. AUCTIONEERS THOMAS BROWN Messed auctioneer for the counties te Huron and Perth. Correspondence arrangements for sale dates can be ' made by calling np phone 97, Seaford PI The Expositor Office. Charges mod- erate aid eatisfaction guaranteed. tcl.aru were u.ure ciusely planted. l,.ru, too, tetter tors unaua leas apial outlay for uw sur, stock, I,ss greater rase in orchard " ,;,. rat/01.S such as pn;ctug, y eullitallen. hal'veallaj, ,- le. , Ira rp4 Wit L!' to 010e0s., ;...d thc:e- ,un;;ar lite tut the s later- ., also eau be grown fur a grea1Yr •oath of tour aid with n oa injury .0 We orchard ttces. ittstanees Recommended tor Planting. We would rerun:mead lin,. I"llow- .ag general distances' apples, 36 to 4o trot .: a1, fillers at lu to 2U icer. Cherries, bweel, ..o to 3U feet; 18 to 20 feet. teaches, 16 to 2U feet. ears, 16 to 18 ice. 1-1uws, 18 to 2U feet. Swaller growing varieties possibly ... eel'. . Itsideration itlitat of course be .15,.11 to the varlet) bring plumed. •:ua,;er growing varieties can be t„e abe',lute Lui.uniw dis- Jnc..s with larger g:owing vai'ietiey e atiwely farther apart;. also, it the ,rower prefers, trees •,:ay be planted x20 instead of 10 x 10, giving 4_1 t:cally the same number of trees .J toe acre. .10 Not Prime Yutn,g 'free Heavily. The practice ur.;,cli} advocated in Unto: io for young vera, (whether .tpple, pear, peaca ur other fruit) until they come into bearing, has leen to give regular, fairly lwavy an- .ival dormant pruning un the theory .tat such pruning induces iignrous eruwt,i and makes for a larger, strouge: tree. E%perimental work in England, in the United States and at this Station ins shown conclusively, however, „tat the leas pruning tate young non- ,,:ariug tree is given, the larger, stronger tree it makes and the soon- er it comes into bearing. Growth Is only apparently induced by pruning. 'The long, thick, sappy growth in the young t:ee resulting from heavy pruning does not total as much, how- ever, as the normal growth and ex- tension of large and small branches In the unpruned tree. Careful meas- urements demonstrate this. i inning Delays Growth and Fruiting. 'The reason for the unpruned or lightly pruned tree being larger than :se tree receiving more severe treat- ment is in reality very simple and 'logic -al. The soil may contain an abundance of plant food, but this "raw” food must first go to the I"aves and be there turned into "manufactured" foud before the tree can make use of it for further growth and fruitfulness. Pruning. by removing part of the possible leaf area of the tree, reduces by just that much the ability of the tree to manu- facture plant food, and hence inhibits growth. With reference to pruning delaying fruiting, it has lately been shown that before there can be fruitfulness there must be a partial storing up of manufactured food In the branches, twige and fruit spurs. This s,oring up of surplus food naturally takes place first in the unpruned tree with its greater leaf surface and the unpruned tree is therefore the !irst to come into bearing. 1 tuning Recommendations. Head back the young, tree at plant- ing time as is the present practice to counterbalance the root pruning incident to transplanting. Limit subsequent pruning of the non-bear- ing tree to the removal of undesir- able branches and even then thin out too little rather than too much. Head back a branch only when necessary to shape the tree and then head back preferably to a side branch. Prune lightly, recognizing that light prun- ing for the peach would he moderate pruning for the apple. As the tree ruches maturity and bears heavily, heavier pruning will have to be given to maintain a proper supply of new growth.—E. F. Palmer, Hort. Exp. Station, Vineland Station. i Honor Graduate Carey Jones' Na- yitmpl Sohool of Auctioneerl:ng, Chi- eago. Special course taken in Pure Bred' Live Stock, 'Real Estate, Mer - (banding and Farm Sales. Rates in beeping with prevailing market, Sab- litLtstion Assured. Write or wire, Hlopp, Enrich, Ont. Phone A, 2866.62' Horticultural Hints. Banding the trunks and larger' limbs of apple trees with strips of Cloth has been practiced extensively for the control of the codling moth., This method consists of fastening a' band of cloth around the trunk, from which the loose bark has been re- moved. Usually a band made from, burlap, folded to three thicknesses 4 to 8 inches wide. Is used. The cod- ling moth larvae. "r worms, crawl beneath the hand to form their co- coons and should be destroyed by hand at Intervals of ten days' Cut out old wend and thin the new growth of currants and gooseberries when the snow goes off. Too much brush and no cultivation make small berries. This is the time as ever before when every banker ought to • be a student of agricultural economics. The farmer is studying marketing. the banker nlust know his way around that subject. 0' ulna '91fi1¢1�ielterrtlle Campy. :,.fttY a .. to ashy iss .31 A,pproiimBeie coat .ati14,1tag `Zoatps Provl i0 1 o by Wile Drainage Actseetirinv Uuderdrt nittg Itperette- ed, the! Yields of .44.400,AI:Alla sad 114—Wltleln Reach of Alli;' lt:,ontrOs laid- by Ontario Depitrtnient at �igelculture, Toronto,) • Just bow far drainage Can be car- ried and made to pay 11ae always been an open question with farmers. Nearly every farmer hats seen e swamp area, a low, flat, "eour" field orvd Corner of hie ooh or his neighilor's farm tiled and' made into valuable productive land, and he is quite ready to agree that possibly for such high-priced crops as onions, celery, tomatoea, tobacco or sugar- beeta It might pay to pretty thor- oughly drain a whole area. But the Idea of glvieg an careful treatment to laud that S,ar after year gives fairly average Roughage—Have It Good. A good cow must be capable of' handling large amounts of roughage. Provided with plenty of high quality forage she will produce much more economically than when fed grain to balance poor hay and stover. Sillege added to a ration has been found to reduce the cost of producing 100 pounds of milk from twenty-five to seventy-five cents. In an American experiment, twelve cows were divided Into two groups. One group received silage and legume hay, the other the same roughage allowance with grain In addition. The second group pro-' duced more milk but the first one did very well anfl easily excelled the first from the standpoint of economi- cal production. These facts are not meant to indi- cate that It does not pay to feed grain but to show the importance of plenty of good roughage. The World's Biggest Hog. New Zealand has produced the big- gest hog pn record. "Billy, the World's Wonder Pig," as the animal is advortized, is a two -year -Old Tam- worth -Berkshire cross, weight, 1,068 pounds; height, 3 feet 9 inches; length, 8 feet 9 Inches; girth, 6 feet, and he is still growing. Keep those lambs a -coming. Feed the awes something to make milk. yields of ordinary crops—grain, corn, potatoes or hay— especiallyat prrsent•prices for these counnodltles, looks altogether out of reason. Besides, it has been argued, it was all very well when wheat was bringing two to three dollars a bushel to think of drainage. but with dpllar wheat scarcely meeting the cost of production, It looks foolhardy to throw good money after bad. Approximate lust of Tiling. The Important cash items to be met in tile drainage are the purchase price of the tile; the trench digging and the laying. A fair estimate of these costa In Western Ontario at the present time glees $30 per tnousand for three or tour -inch tile and thirty- five cents per rod for digging and laying. At these rates an acre of land tiled at regular distances between lines would cost: - 5111.4i per acre at 20 feet 27.86 .. " " 80 " At the interest rates and accord- ing to the terms under which loans are made to farmers under the 'file Drainage Act, the total cost of such drainage, both principle and interest, could be refuuued to the investor in twenty equal yearly payments uf:— *8.20 per Acre Wet/ ut 30 feet This means that in order to meet the cost of draining fields at these distances these various amounts would need to he found through in- creased crops grown on the land so drained. Underdr'aining Improves Fields of Grain. Based on average production per acre and average prices received by farmers in this Province in 1921 and 1922, it would take two and one- half bushels of fall wheat to meet the cost of tiling at sixty feet apart; only one and one-half bushels to tile it at one hundred feet apart; and even at twenty feet apart it would take an increase of only seven and one-half busheltt. The limits to which draldage might be carried profitably in growing wheat can be seen when you read results suet] as the following:—' "Eight acres of drained land gave 46 bushels of fall wheat per acre; eight acres undrained land gave 25 bushels per This result was on adjoin- ing land and In the same year. "Barley on drained land yielded 60 bushels per acre and nearly a ton of straw, while that on undralned 30 bushels and half a ton of straw." "My oats on drained land yielded 50 bushels per acre, and those on the un- drained 30." Yields of Alfalfa and Hay Increased. The question of economically un- derdraining hay fields la met by the fact that an increase of 318 pounds of alfalfa will meet the cost of drain ing at 60 feet, while a mere 190 pounds will meet the cost of drains at 100 feet, and 950—a n t unusual increase over the average IN take care of even drainage t 20 feet. With ordinarymixed clove mi d clo and hay Y. half a ton increase will meet the cost of a 20 -foot system, while only in- creases of 334 and 200 pounds will take care of the 60 foot and 100 foot lines. When it is remembered that drainage permits the bringing Into the regular rotation of many per- manent hay and pasture fields, giv- ing opportunity for the successful growing of our heavier yielding cul- tivated grasses, the possibilityof se- curing the required increased mounts to meet the drainage costs are not such as to cause any worry. Loans Made Under the Tile Drainage Act. Tile drainage is within the reach of all through the loans made pos- sible by the Tile Drainage Act. It is *one of the safest and best paying investments the farmer can make. It Is common for a system of tile drains to pay for Itself in three or four years, and often in much leas time than that. In other words, it is an investment that will pay 20% to 25 % on every dollar invested, over and over, year after year, turning a money losing or no profit crop into one showing a balance on the right side of the, ledger.—V. C. Lowell, District Supervisor, Chatham. Send for free boort glebes Yell panto• iia ,of Trertrai' i Wig -fa1t0..-11 e 1tssssaff Calgary Alta.• --Between 80,000,000 and 85,000 000 pounds of binder twine *ere used in harvesting Alberta's 4rop this. year.. This twine runs 550 Eget to the pound, so tttrithemeticiatts lay. :Litigate h far a tingle $trarttl ooh t(I N Alt rb rd3 fdlC at. 3** Give Pigs an Early Start. oze{t— e+tovutlag flld PaW4es Winter Conditions for. Beg¢-•- Wby Plaut 75nsee? • Siontrlbuted b, Oaterto Department of Melia tune, Toronto.) The practloe'of 'applying a coating of .straw, strawy manure,' or marsh hay over the strawberry bed after permanent frost has set in and the ground is solid. has proved of great value. This mulch prevents alternate freezing and 'thawing in the spring, and heaving of the plants, both Of which cause at times heavy lose. It also protects the plants if the snow- fall is light, and itt even more valu- able when pulled between the rows in the early spring. Thie conserves moisture and more especially keeps the fruit clean. Driving rains splash the fruit with dirt, particularly on sandy land, which will much teases the value of the crate or shipment •Into which these her§lea are put. A box of dirty berries will ruin the appearance of a whole crate. Marsh Hay or (Ibsen Straw Beat Mulcb- Marsh hay or clean, medium length, straw are the beet materials to use. Green manure is not good because of the large number of weed needs it contains. No materlal which will pack over the plants is to be recommended. As two to three inches is sufficient mulch, and a heavy coating may, cause heating in the spring before removal, 'it Is not advisable to use more. About two tone per acre is required. When It is desired to hold the plants back in the spring to prevent elbsaoni killing by late frosts, the utulcu is best applied on top of the first heavy snow fall. It should be removed in all cases before the plants start growth, as after that tiwe much damage may be done by n smothering. After harvest the mulch is removed, burned, or, if suitable, can be stacked in a protected place for use another year. II Renovating an Old Patch. In renovating an old patch it le not advisable to burn the mulch and mowed leaves on the patch. These auould be raked off and burned out- side the patch, to avoid injury to the crowns of the plants. No crop should be grown between the rows in a etrawoerry bed for cover crop or protective purposes. This provides too much competition for the plants in moisture and food at a tlmh when the grower. wants them to 1111 up the rows fol the fol- lowing year's fruiting.—D. A. Kim- ball, O. A. C.. Guelph. `I Winter Conditions for Bees. To winter bees successfully the colonies must have: I A sufficient supply ofproper food$•. A good, fertile queen; Plenty of good workers; Sufficient protection from cold and wind. W hale the winter food, either honey or sugar, should have been In the hives by October 1, it may still be given to the bees. Protection is afforded either by packing properly or insulating the hives outdoors, or by transferring them to a good cella* where at least five conditions can be maintained: darkness, freedom from disturbance, a temperature of from 44 10 48 degrees Fahrenheit, proper ventilation -and freedom from molal ture. - A dark place is best, as bees tune. ally fly to windows, doors or lamps„ and do not return to their hives; Freedom from disturbance Includes not only absence of noise but absence of jarring and vibration. An even, reasonable temperature must be maintained in order that the bees may not break their winter cluster,i Proper ventilation is required In or- der to prevent accumlatton of mois- ture and to aid g in maintaining thsl needed temperature as well as ade- quate supplies of air. Dryness is re- quired or the bee -bread combs wilt mold, some of the honey will fer- ment and the bees will be uneasy, PArrt TlieToLacco d Quaiity /2 LBTINS and in packages Mandadared by Imperial Tobacco Company of Canada Limited Why Plant Trees? Trees add value to property. Trees cool the air in summer and radiate warmth in winter. Trees help keep the air pure fo man and the lower animals. Trees provide homes for thous sands of birds that help man in Ola fight against injurious insects. ' Trees,provlde homes for many ant. mals that are Useful to men for food and clothing. Trees help..man in his fight foil better sanitation. Trees supply a large part of all ill fuel 1n the world. Trees give mi wood, and wood pro• vides us with building material, fur. niture, implements, utensils, tools, and other useful things In great variety. Trees provide one of the mosd striking and permanent forms of beauty. Trees improve the climate and con- serve soil and water. Trees provide a great variety of miscellaneous, useful products.—Ths Maritime Farmer. A pig once stunted is not very apt to recover from it sufficiently to make the gains required for profit. Keep the youngetera growing right along. With the hog market condi- tions as they are at present it re- quires very gad management to keep the hog raising venture 'showing a balance on the right side of the ledger. That farmer ib wise who pro- vides plenty of good pasture for hia pigs and feeds a growing ration, of corn, middling6, tankage: and' min- erals, • Calgary, Altai George Lane, the• well known Arta .rancher .: and farmef, thresh/Can an average, of fifty bushels of wheat an acre from his 800 acre field. Emit° Cti6tnpion,,'Afta. , He estiiriatea 'thatl'r"114o1, 1,500 acrre. at Namalta- 11'A ra�e .,at lenslt,;'forty high sf'An 1 A dliBlell d by his ay�tt, t ie(11jISau� li Where the walls join the floor 01 the stable, be certain that (lie cement is rounded; not like a "'quarter. round" but like a "cove." It will help to keep the barn clean. Do not neglect title precaution because It may be slightly inconvenient for the per- son doing the cement work; remegai ber the inconvenience it will be dell/ not to have the rounded corner. FACTS ABOUT CANADA Regina, Sask.—It is estimated that Saskatchewan's 1923 crop will yield $276,844,650. It is based on crop yield reports and gauged at the av- erage price which is expected to pre- vail daring the selling season. Sault Ste. Marie, Ont.—Since pro- vincial geologists Dr. W. G. Miller and R. G. McConnell have been at Mile Sixty on the Algoma Central railway examining reported deposits more than -thirty iron claims have been staked there and a real rush is on. It has been reported that veins showing ore running to 60 and 65 per cent. of iron have been uncovered. Calgary, Alta. — In about one month's actual loading, the Canadian Pacific Railway handled more than 21,000,000 bushels of grain in Alber- ta. About 15,500 cars were required and these. end to end, would stretch 117 miles. Two hundred and eighty- two trains were moved. All previous records were eclipsed •by this activ- ity, which was invaluable to the farmers, as the granary accommo- dation was insufficient. Winnipeg, Man.—Showing a re- cord increase over the figures of last year, grain loadings in the western province since the commencement of the crop year. September 1st, aggre- gate 82,219 cars, representing 136,- 958,448 bushels, as against 80,828 cars loaded, or 130,287,194 bushels, from September 1st to October 14th, 1922. Montreal, Que.—min 1923 six ma- chines for manufacturing newsprint have been installed in Canadian'mills producing 380 tons daily, or 114,000 tons a year. Two machines are plan- ned for January, 1924. Others plan- ned for 1925 will make total increase of over 1,200 tons daily,' or 360,000 a year, which would make Canada pass United States production and be the largest producer of newsprint in the world. I Ottawa, Ont.—A gift of inestim- able historic value has been present- ' ed to the Canadian Government by Sir Leicester Harmsworth as a mem- orial to the late Lord Northcliffe. It includes the entire collection of Monc- ton papers and is a first hand record of that period of Canadian history whish eovers the last- years of the IFrench regime and the beginning of British rule. • Quebec, Que.—Next winter's cut of the Quebec forests is expected to be t one of the largest in recent times. Three thousand lumber camps are due to be in operation, employing in the neighborhood of 25,000 men, ac- cording to Chief Forester Piche. He stated that there was a scarcity of labor in some sections of the lunlber district, and that consequently. high- er wages were being offered as an inducement to go into the woods for the winter. Ottawa, Ont,—In proportion to her population, Canada stands third among the nations of the world in her export trade, according to statis- tics amassed by the department of trade and commerce. Canada's ex- port trade in 1922, on a per capita basis, stood at 100.02, with only New Zealand and Australia showing a higher percentage. In 1913 Canada ranked seventh among the nations in per capita export trade, with only 57,95. In the percentage of increase in exports from 1915 to 1922, Canada takes second place, only yielding first place to Japan by a narrow margin. Canada's increase was 103 per cent. Victoria, D. C.—Enormous growth in British Columbia's lumber industry 1 during this year is shown by lumber scale figures made public by Hon. Uncle, Ab says: A community thatT. D, Pattullo, minister of lands. doesn't pull together will get as moilLumber scaled in British Columbia work done as a balky team. from January lilt to the end of Au- _- ' I gust totalled 1,489,892,000 feet, an increase of almost fifty per cent, over The staple of an Englishman's ed- the figures for the corresponding ucation ought to be the English lang- period last year, when 1,029,898,000 nage, literature, history and institu- feet were sealed. tions.—Doan Inge. , Speaking at a Baptist conventions Calgary, Alta.- - Alberta is record - in Montreal a, clergyman said "that' ing some gbod yields of corn this Baptiste trould not ,pool their -x44 season,. C. G. Scott a farmer at ll'iiil- sourliee i with otnlel+ tienoipin ItieSs n lett, r porta ,that he seeded four ,eYli } Gln :t t0 r el:'tp+'t p'm`eely'6oa 0tir s lana• 811d den'tIto ohurtlnd se., yi G fG t lliitt sit 10 ;: g, o,14 the acre, and expects a yield of 60 bushels to the ,acre from the corn. In the Taber district, on irrigated lands. a number of farmers have gre'Wn _ corn with much success this year, it is re- ported. - Fort William', Ont. -Affording a peep intothe future when grain might be carried on the winds from Western provinces to Eastern ship- ping porta is a device used at the N. M. Paterson elevator here. It is a pipe line system by which grain is conveyed from elevator K, 1,400 feet inland, to a vessel at the water front without the use of the familiar belt- s ing. Called an airveyor, the scheme comprises the use of a hurricane of wind in a pipe, the force being creat- ed by giant fans. While passing through the airveyor, wheat is sus- pended on the air stream. The ma- chine carries 4,000 bushels an hour- • Ottawa, Ont.—The Royal Canadian Naval reserve of 500 officers and men is now being organized and it is ex- 1 St. John, Quebec, Vancouver, Pnnce Rupert and Victoria. Naval training j at the naval bases 01 Halifax ea Esquimalt will be given to R. N. O- R - ratings during the winter months_ pected that selection of officers mill be completed.. early in November-' Headquarters will be established at Charlottetown, Halifax( Lunenburrg, SALT FOR ,LIVE STOCK Considered Necessary for Prac. ticalllly All Farm Animals. Be (:;arefhl Not to Salt Too Heavily— Live Stock Grow Unthrifty With, out it—Milking an Holland,— Kindness and Cleanliness Strie*IJ insisted Upon. !Contributed by Ontario Department o1 Agriculture, Toronto-) Salt the cattle, salt the sheep, and epractice mit the hoedowe a horses. Why p it? You stockmen have been doing it all your life, and your fathers did ao before you. But why did they do ltd No doubt it was obserhathe stock liked to lick anythingved thattt had a salty Livor—a Usn cask, or soil where salt had been spilled or a na- tural salt deposit. Like all aur ant- ' Mal feeding practices, the feeding of salt has developed through yeara of observation, until It M now regularly' practiced by all the beat herdamela and feeders. Salt For Animals a Necessity. ai Animals must get salt trom some source if their bodies are to function with full efficiency. 1f no salt is available to the animal through the food medium or minerals given, the digestion is impaired. Large quanti- ties of salt are as harmful in prac- tice as no salt at all. But a little is absolutely essential in that it supplies. the chlorine so necebeary hi forming a minute part (the hydrochloric acid portion) of the digive fluid. The quantity ol',r salt given to farm ani- mals should not exceed one -halt ounce per day for fully grown horses and cattle, small animals in proper-, ti00. - Do Not Salt Stock Too Heavily. Many people make the mistake et salting the stock heavily once a month during the summer, and for-, getting to do it at all during the winter period. The live stocks kept, by people who neglect this work usu- ally develops the appearance of nee', lett. The use of blocks of rock salty in troughs or mangers erected is either the stable, yard or field is a good practice that will pay , good re -j turnd for the expense or effort. Just' remember that the stock must have, sfm onthe; as thatroyou sme give themsource, asuppliesd at ththe, chlorine eaaential in the formation of hydrochloric acid in the animals' digestive aystem. ' Animals that have been kept with-, out salt for a year become very un- thrifty, and animals that are given an overdose ;of salt do not thrive.. Half ani ounce a day is about right. Itis eat a food, but it helps to make e food materials available during the process ,of digehtlon.—L Steven* son, .Direbtot of 1Td'ttensfon, l3.nelpb, 1 v