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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Huron Expositor, 1921-02-18, Page 1FIFTY-FIFTH YEAR WHOLE NUMBER 27?5 SEAFORTH, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1921. The Greig Clothing Co. Are selling Suits, Overcoats, Rain- coats, and women's Coats for less money than it costs to make theGar- ments. The Reason :-We have three weeks only to make a clean sweep of the big Stock on hand. $60 00 (.;oats for .... 50 00 Coats for 40 00 Coats fur ...... $30 00 25 00 20 00 30 00 Coats for ••-•••• 15 00 80 00 ` uits for.«.,,,,... 30 00 50 00 Suits for Y .. 27 511 10 00 Pants for .. .., 6 00 3 00 Caps fol... 1 50 20 00 Jackets for 10 00 1 50 Socks for... 75 1 00 Socks for 50 25 00 Rain Coats fru'.. 15 00 12 00 Swmtitcrs fur...,.,,, ... 6 0l) 3 00 Gloves for •.. 2 00 2 50 Mufflers for 1 25 1 50 3 00 Shirts for 4 oet Overalls for..... ..... ......... 3o oo Muffs for :3o co Fur Stoles for All Other Goods Equally Low 2 t.0 1 5 0,1 15 00 A PROFIT OF FIVE DOLLARS • A HEN How would you like to own' a poul- try flock of ordinrry size that would pay for every pound of feed consum- ed and leave a profit of almoat 1500. Merely the money -saving properties of such a flock would make most of us anxious to claim ownership, but Miss Maud Holdsworth, a young farm woman of Northumberland Co., Ont., who has such a flock, gets more than dollars and cents from her poultry. r Hene are her hobby, and she draws big dividends of aejlgfaction from her flock of bred -to -lay Barred Rocks. The development of her strain of lay - 1 ers has been a real joy to this young woman, and probably explair}e. her success in large measure. The representative of Farm and Dairy, who de responsible fur this story, first heard of Miss Holdsworth during one of his, frequent visits to the Ontario Agriculture) College. It has always been a part of our pro- granune, when visiting that institu- tion, to slip around to the Poultry Department fur a chat with Prof., W. R, Graham and his tts.istants. 'On Selling Out --T Shoe Sale NO BUNK! NO BLUFF Nothing Will Be Reserved. This is a Genuine Selling -out Sale. Big Bargains in Footwear for every member of the family. Bargains! Well, we should say sol People who snap them up will get far more value for their rruney than they ever expected. Any drop in the price of Footwear this year or next will not. begin to equal the cut prices at this sale. No, sirs Nat by a long ,,hot. Look over these prices and if ever you expect to buy another pair of shoes of any sort -BUY THEM NOW. Women's 1 -Buckle Overshoes. Reg. Price, $225, for a pair$1.45 Women's 3 -Buckle Overshoes. Reg. Price $3.00, for a pair. $1,95 ;Mases' 3 -Buckle Overshoes. Reg. Price $2,50, for a pair- $1.60 Men's 2 -Buckle Heavy Rubbers, red soles. Reg. prier. $4, for$2.95 Boys' 2 -Buckle Heavy Rubbers, red soles. Reg. Price $3, for, $2.3`O Men's Tan Military Rubber, sizes 71 to 101/2. Reg. price, $1.50, for a pair •95 Women's Rubber Boots. Reg. $8.90, for a pair $2.95 r,0 Pairs of Women's Fine Shoes. Sizes 21/2, 3, and 31/2. Regular Price $4.00 to $5.00, for a pair $1.95 Women's Fine Shoes, Vice Rid; black and brown calf leather -all our regular lines. Regular $7.50 Shoes for $5.95 Regular 6.60 Shoes, for $4.95 Regular 6.00 Shoes, for $4.45 Men's Fine Shoes, Vice Kid black and brows calf leathers, leather or Neolin Soles. Regular $12.00 and $13.00 Shoes for$S.95 Regular $10.00 Shoes for, a pair Regelar $9.00 Shoes, for a pair Regular $7.50 Shoes, for a per $7.70 / • • $7.20 $5.95 /let's Work Shoes, TTntn ("elf, Tan (;rain. Mole and .Shaved Kid leathern. Reg. 06.50. 06 and 16 shoes for $5,20--$4.R0--$3.95 Boys' Shoes, Meese' Shoes Children's Shoes. Evety pair in the Store on Sale. Store will CUSP Thnrelev. Fele-eery 17 to re -arrange stock & prides SALE STARTS ON FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 18th The Cash Shoe Store Opposite Expositor Office ONTARIO SEAPORTS the occasion of our Inst visit Mr. Francis permitted us to look over the of her best pullet to constitute the womensubmitted rt. teehe. men and breeding pen. From these she gets women over the provinoe who try hatching eggs for her own use, for flocks. A demonstrationion poultry the school fair work, and for such bucks. A demonstration oneeatflock, it may private orders for hatching eggs as be explained, is thateconducted she is able to fill. The wisdom of us - the or lessryDepartment the supervisionof ing pullets in the brooding pen has Poultry it s areent pof the fromoabeen disputed by some poultrymen, lege. Male birds supplied and perhaps they are on strong the college, and eggs, during the ground where the pullets are closely hatching season, are distributed in housed and forced and pampered for Therewe with school fair state- the highest egg production. This is There were many creditablehstag- not 'Hiss Holdsworth's plan, however. menta on the list, hut that of Miss Holdsworth attracted us particularly. Her carefully tabulated returns show- ed that for the first ten month of the calendar year of 1920, with a flock that varied from 104 birds in January to 69 in November, she had a clear profit over and the cost of feed of $986.38, or over $5 a bird for the first ten month.,. We im- mediately made a careful note of name and address, and registered a decision to visit MSss Holdsworth at the first opportunity. Others, we thought, should hear of the methods that bring such exceptional results. Three weeks later our representative found himself in the little town of Port Hope, and started out for "Hythe" Farm, five miles distant. Our visit convinced us that Miss Holdsworth has not special advent, ogee in equipment or otherwise. The big farm run by her father and bro- thers is devoted to the production of Shorthorn cattle, and the senior mem- her of the farm has talked on the art of beef -making and the boys of country living at hundreds of Farm- ers' Institute meetings all over On- tario, and has been extensively used by the Department of Agriculture in the Standing Field Crops Competi- tion. The poultry houses and equip- ment are just such as one would find on the ordinary farm, where a flock of 100 or more hens are kept. Chicks n h and brooded in the na- tural wa r' hatched are unusual and the only Y, things are the calibre of the flock, the attention they receive, and the re- sults secured. i'oultry began to boom at Hythe Farm about eight years ago, when Mr. Holdsworth followed the advice he had given to hundreds of others from the institute platform, and gave his daughters a special interest in the form by turning the poultry over to Iwo of them. At first the poultry department was run co-oneratively by the two young women, hut now this department is a special care of Miss Maud -and the net profits are hers also. The flock that they took in charge was a mixture of pure-bred Barred Rooks and pure-bred White Leghorns. This flock they culled so as to enter their first laying season with thirty-six Rock pullets and an equal number of Leghonts, Careful account was kept with the two breeds and the balance was so decidedly in favor of the Rocks that the Leghorns were sold off, and all attention since given to the development of a profit- able strain of Rocks. For seven years now thinnest records have been kept from the time the pullets start to lay in the fall until the first of March. Miss Holdsworth would be glad were she able to keep trap -nest records for the entire laying period, hut as she has duties other than caring for her poultry, this has not been possible. And from a practical standpoint, the winter egg record is the important one. 11 is then that eggs bring the highest price and profits are made, if at all, and it has also been demon- strated on many poultry farms that the heaviest winter layers are also the heaviest yearly layers. eggs and sand, then they are intro- duced to commercial chick feud and this is mixed gradually with pure wheat. Later ,in the season they get cracked corn with the• wheat, but oats does not enter as an important part of the rations until fall. The chicks always have buttermilk. Miss Holdsworth has been a keen student of her hobby; and her hobby is rapidly developing int, a profitable business. She has given to her poultry that attention to detail that As we left the pen where is more characteristic of women than she had her best pullets hou,ed of men. As we left, however, she ;:he left the door open, expletning reminded us that poultry keeping is that while the weather. was suitable not without its misfortunes and its they had free range of the Yarm. Un- mishaps. It was an accident that der these conditions,the pullets are killed seven hens that kept her pro- toget rr out R e s is year from passing the $500 more vigorous and ah t bl fit th f for breeders. To be even more cer- mark. On another occasion her net taro of maintaining the vigor of her, profits in the year were only 118. "I flock, she does not place all the de- might say," slit. remarked, "that it pendence on the trap -nest records in was misfortunes that taught us how selecting her breeding pen, but has , to make a profit of $5.0tt per hen." an expert cull for type and ¢bnatitu- i May this be interpreted as a warning tion. Ito enthusiastic beginner.: not to ex- 'rltc yearlings are sold off just as pect too much until taught by ex - soon as they begin to moult and last perietees eear ei Miss ach on pullets $ that weighed sixand seven pounds. The market is .higher LET'S HAVE .4 TARIFF FOR in the summer and early fall, and l RF.V1 NUF. ONLY. this potiltry woman finds it more The question: Shall we have a profitable to sell off a part of her tariff for protection or a tariff for flock then than to keep them around tevenue only, has been a bone of contention fur many years. Some- times interested parties have mixed the issue so as to gain a point for protection under the plea of revenue and sometimes "lower tariffers" have stretched a point and leaned toward free trade, despairing that anything in the line of tariff reform will otherwise be accomplished while the protected interests juggle the two ideas, shake them in the sante bag and attempt to stampede the Can- adian people with the holler that if rot given protection, revenue will de - he and the country go to t tease c bow -wows. Lct us to -day shake our- selves free from this nightmare and looking clearly at the issue of revenue producing tariff see how the great mother country handles the question, draw -erne deductions from her ex- perience, and see if we can duplicate her system without unduly impairing our manufacturing industries or in- juring Canadian workers, We must not forget in this connection that British manufacturers do not call for protection from foreign competition, perhaps because they realize that their markets are world markets, and in placing their wares on world mark- ets they must du sit in open competi- tion and. they could not expect that if they closed their own markets there would be any chance of open ntarkets for their wares abroad. It would he too much like a case of hog- gishness. Now the fact that she suc- cessfully competes in foreign markets is the basis of her great wealth, for the law of increasing wealth so far as R natitin is concerned, is "foreign trade." Just to illustrate that a country does not grow rich in that which she sells to herself, or in other words "internal trade," we will take two five elollar bills, one in the pocket of a maitufacturer and one in that of a workman. '"Internal trade" in this instance is represented by two five dollar bills. Now, the workman wants to buy something from the Manufacturer, so the $5.00 is brought out and handed to the manufacturer Thus we have $10 in one pocket an nothing in the other. The manufac turer then gives him a piece of goods of retail selling vale $6. Does th workman' get $5 worth? No; de- cidedly not. He gets in return fo his good five -dollar bill an article costing. say $3.00, the extra $2.0 representing profit. Now, how the two pockets compare --one h $7.00 and the other $3.00? Keep o and repeating this precede and before long we And rich manufacircrers and ocountry la none the richer .for the transaction. There is gull the original $,10 fie work on. This is the prlaclple est. "internal trade." Now we take 'i ease of 'foreign trade." We ,have goods which another country is will- ing to buy and the other country has the money that we request for our goods, We "exchange. He then has our goods and we, his money. But he really only has the actual value of goods, that is, cost price; we have goods value plus profit. All the profit is extra money coming into Canada anti using the $10 illustra- tion again. He has $3.00 wotth of goods fur hie $5.00 and we have a surplus of 1$2.00 profit, and in that transaction we have increased our country's riches by 66 2-3 per cent. Is it any wonder that exporting cdun- tries are rich countries. Now, as to British custom duties, I am not going to give to our readers a full list but a list of the most important ones; so here they are, both custom and ex- cise duties: Clocks, watches etc., motor cars, musical instruments, 33 1-3 per cent. Customs Excise Duties Duties Miss Holdsworth was able to tell us of some very creditable records. One pullet, which laid its first egg on the last day of September, had 103 eggs to her credit by the end of January. rt of a This record does not nlforl ethe breed. far Last year the best record was 91 eggs up to the end of March. Four of her pullets had laid 70 or more eggs by the end of January. This becomes significant when we consider that these four pullets have laid as many eggs in four months as the average Ontario hen lays in the whole twelve. Miss Holdsworth referred with par- ticular pride to one of her biddies, that had laid for 28 consecutive days. The poultrynwan's( dictum filet pul- lets ere very much more profitable than older hens has been found ae true in Miss Holdsworth's experience that she does not attempt to carry over many pullets into their second year to use as breeders, but carries over only those that have had the very beat records in their pullet year, and to these she adds thirty or ferty to crowd the pullet. Most of the laying flock is housed in two small shanty -roofed houses with an open front, the ope'F space being covered during cold weather, however, with a cheese cloth cur- tain that is raised duriug the day. On cold nights, cotton curtdins are drop- ped in front of the roosts to give greater warmth. Miss Holdsworth unconsciously bore testimony to the attention her flock receives when she told us that on very coal nights she uthe dark and packs out after goes he roosts, cher on t • elasel • together hens � g s simple x s is a. winter feeding lit The went the housing. Oats, either crushed or ground, preferably crushed, are fed in troughs and kept before them all the time. A grain mixture of corn, wheat and buckwheat is fed in the litter night and morning. the morn- ing feed being scattered the night previous. Last fall and this winter a hot mash has been fed of boiled turnips mixed with chop. "We•have found this a splendid thing to bring on the late pullets;' said Miss Holdsworth. A supply of green cut bone is purchased once a week in cold weather and fed daily. The creamery truck that visits the farm regularly for cream brings along a supply of buttermilk, for which a charge is made of 35 cent, for an eight -gallon can. Between the green cut bone and the buttermilk, it is not necessary to feed beef scrap. Oyster shell and gravel are withie reach of the birds at all times, and, for green feed, mangels are split and hung against the wall, where the pullets can help themselves. Most of the eggs are sold to priv- ate customers in Toronto. l'hey are usually shipped in twil:•e-dozen crates, but occasionally a ustomer orders a thirty -dozen crae for pack- ing. Any surplus eggs above those which are required for this special trade have been taken by a Toronto grocer, who is willing to l:ay something more than the 'going wholesale price when he is cure of getting a strictly new -laid article. This past winter private customers have paid ten to fifteen cents a dozen above the price al- lowed by wholesale commission mer- chants, but even at that the custom- ers were getting their eggs more cheaply that they could have pur" chased eggs of similar quality from the city markets. During the hatch- ing season, a large part of the eggs go to the District Representative at a price considerably in advance of market quotations. Miss Holdsworth plans to hatch her first chickens from the .first. to tenth of April and last year she had some out by the end of March. With nat- ural incubation, however, hatching is a slow process and at least one-half of her chicks strive ir1 May. Practic- ally all are raised with hens and Mina Holdsworth has one old biddy that has been kept for five years just on the strength of her virtues as a mother. Late in the season, one hen will mother twenty to thirty chicks. Mise Holdsworth has found, however that the earlier the chicks are hatched, after the first. of April, the more profitable are they as win- ter layers. The chicks are first fed hard-boiled Beer, 1'laying cards (pack)71rz Chicory (cwt.) 9.52 Chicory substitutes Craotl, ib .10 Coffee, 11,. .10 Tea, ib. .24 Currants A Raisins 21/2 Matches, 10,000 1.24 Brandy and rum, gal18.48 Sugar, 98, cwt. 6.16 Mollaases, cwt. 3.90 Candies, cwt 6.16 Tobacco riot tnfg., ib2.18 1.92 Tobacco mfg, cavendish 2.85 2.50 Candied peel, cocoanut and corms!, Ib, A4 Condensed milk, cwt2.80 $241.12 024.00 .06 9.24 1.20 17.48 5.60 324 cot$ end ha011wi." fixAte now Menplet,ehr reversed owners of hungry stomachs donee like parleying abstinateip• about; wages. price t.1 coptmodltlets in MAny lines, have dropped greatly. Sugar took a 'nighty shde from 80 cents to 7 cents per pound, though 40 cents. was predicted by the profiteering' wretches. , The humble potato can be purchased for 75 cents per bushel,- though ushel, . though the, consunnnter was free :_ told they would at least be around `' six and seven dollars per bushel this winter. In some parts of this State they can be purchased from the farm- ers for 50 cents per 100 pounds. Eggs per dozen from the high notch of 86 cents a year ago, are down to 40 cents, and butter from near a pin, • nacle of 80 cents per pound, is down to 40 and in some cases lower. The reason of the rapid decline in prices of these two household commodities, eggs and butter. as given by com- mission dealers is that owing to the unusually mild season her ladyship, the barnyard n, has cancelled the strike order, busy and is slow working overtime, and that heavy shipments of butter from Denmark has helped to drive the price of the latter down. Clothing and shoes since New Years in the retail depart- ments, have -surely shot down the toboggan slide. Some claim reduc- tions of 50 per cent. However, as that may be, they have at least slid down tremendously. Of course we were kindly informed through *be medium of the press by the profiteer- ing human vampires, that these two articles would be Much higher this coming season. Retailers, generally have been mighty slow to favor the conaummer with ,the benefit of re- ceding prices, probably with covetous eyes watching the contents of the latter's pocketbook. The price of wheat has been cut in a half or more front its highest figure. l'urn and oats a great deal more so, but many of their bye products have mounted upward since. Why should a pack- age 'of shredded wheat be now 18 cents instead of 15 when wheat was highest? A package of Pillsbury's health bran now 18 and 20 cents in- stead of 15; a package of Quaker oats now 33 to 35 cents, instead of 80 when oats were quoted at their high- est. The wheat flour bread loaf in this city hold tenaciously near top prices despite a near 50 per cent. cut in wheat prices, and flour has drop- ped several dollars per barrel. I think at one time it was about $5.50 down from the peak. In some more Christian parts of this mighty Res public, the 15 -cent loaf has been re- duced to 10 and the 10 to 5 cents per loaf, but in this city there seems to be a nigger In the woodpile, and that animal is the human profiteering wretch. If every good housewife and cook who knows the art of baking would do so when ever practicable the price of the bread loaf in this city would tumble from its lofty perch. Sooner or later all manner of commodities will have to reach a water level.It isestimated there ate are trillions of dollars of building g and other improvement up this way and adjacent territory contemplated but held in abeyance until a lower scale in the price of labor and other articles that enter into construction are reached satisfactory to those so contemplating these enterprises. When the affairs of Europe are store stabilized and financial bank- rupt tottering nations are assisted and put on their feet :and liquidation has completely run its course in this country and President-elect Hadieg is firmly seated on his Washington throne many prominent financiers claim things will gradually turn for the better. But as I see it if that bunch of Republican Senators officer- ed by henry Cabot Lodge had not for the sake of party politics and al- so to discredit President Wilson, en- gineered and led the fight, whick eventually and for the time being at east, has temporarily delayed the entry of this glorious Republic into the great family of the League of Nations. Had they not done this the affairs of Europe and the rest of a troubled world would not be in such a chaotic state as exists to -day. This country's prestige, weight, wealth and power backing that of Great Britain, France, Belguim, Italy, ,Japan, and other powers, would have proven a mighty factor in es- tablishing a better order of thisga. Ir his efforts in behalf of the League of Nations, Persident Wilson 1 a broken-down man. Now he is sees with silvered hair, drawn face, weak- ened voice, walking feebly with die aid of a cane, 8t tittles assisted to rive from his seat. and again wheeled is an invalid chair. Pbr the League of Nations the grandest dodrtnent since the dawn of the Christian 1:'ra, he labored for its suoceee with all kis er.ergy and might, despite the op. position of unprincipled foes and for it he would gladly have given Ms life. But on history's pages his name will go down as a shining star as tong es this world endures. While the memories _ and names of his de- tractors will be consigned to the waste basket of oblivion. NOW, a perusal of these figures shows that where Great Britain pro- tccts her industries she also places an excise duty against the sante va- riety of goods which acts as a double header. It gives her a revenue and prevents exploiting by her manufac- turers. You will notice at the com- mencement of the list that clucks, autos and musical instruments are listed et 33 1-3 per cent., and that there is no excise duty imposed Whether she buys a tremendous amount of foreign -made articles of this description and manufactures very few herself, I am not able to say. It may be that these exceptions prove the rule and if we had complete information on the matter it might be shown that they also were straight revenue producing propositions. How- e• fir, we have not the information en hand and so must leave it open. Per- haps 50100 of our readers will be able to supply it. e e - r 0 d as Now for a question. If we were to run our own custom and excise tariff as a revenue proposition only, charging an excise duty nearly cor- responding to the custom. duties so manufactur- ingssive as to cut n exec hurt the really n d u is would it profits, manufacturer and the laborer, or would it stimulate our manufacturers and laborers to greater production of better goods and seeking foreign trade bring wealth into Canada from abroad instead of relying upon bleed- ing Canadians to better their own financial standing? -F. W. FROM DULUTH Dear Expositor. -Nearly one and a half months of the New Year is now history. How timeaeents to fly when a chap has gone past the three score stark. 1 suppose it seems the , same way to nearly all of Adam's race. The weather continues very mild. though about February 3rd the thermometer dipped to 2 below zero, rather tun unpleasant and cold for the robins and other birds and butter- flies reporters seen flying around some time agtt. The struggle is on between capital and labor, organized and unorganized. In this city reductions in the price of labor front 10 to 20 per cent. and more has been and 0 quite common. Hundreds have been laid nff entirely and others working fewer days in the week. The Board of Public Works fc giving temporat', work to all they can to relieve temporally the situation. The opening of navi- gation will give employment to sev- eral thousand. In some cases plants have shut down for a time, then again resumed operations with a les- ser fore, and a reduction in the wages and at times a lesser number of working days in the week. But through the length and breadth of this land tens of thousands are being laid off every week for an indefinite period. Strikes are occuring in dif- ferent parts of the country owing to wage reductions; others, despite these reductions, gladly continue at their work. it. is estimated by competent nhservers that closely to three thous- and are out of employment in this city. A person walling the streets can se0 many a dejected idle work- ingman with clothes and footwear not of the hest and warmest order. At Washington, on February 3rd, it was stated that on January 1st there were 3,473,446 less workers in industry in OUR country than in .lanuary, 1920. according to reports published by the United States Department of Labor as a result of a nation-wide survey. Bread lines and Roup kitchens have been established in various cities and places. As employment becomes scarcer the efficiency of labor increas- es and the arrogance and uncharity of capitalists ton often is in evi- ,rlence. When employment was in t plenty, wages high, often labor was 25 per cent. Distount Turing the Mouth of Fety rnnry on Picture Mould- ing, ready-made frames id all sizes, Square or Oval. D. F. Buck PHOTOGRAPHER. SEAFORTH :1n interesting article on birds in e teen' inane of The Expositor un- ner th',holding of "The Reason Why" hrought to my memory with melan- choly interest a bird incident in dear old McKillop in the days long since passed. Like the most of the early pioneers and settlers on virgin Mesh farms in Huron County, nay father had erected a long shanty 01 ids homestead. ROBERT McNAUGIITON. (Continued nett week) Hutchison's Grocery Will endeavor to supply its Patrons at all times with Groceries that are FRESH and GOOD and CLEAN. If the Price is not always the lowest you may • expect there is a Reason and that the reason is QUALITY - LONDON FAIR PRIZE CHEESE coming on Saturday. KLEIN'S BUTCHER SHOP ` (under the same roof) is increasing its busi- ness steadily on account of the Freshness and Superior Quality of its Meats and Fish, coupled with Prompt Delivery. eggs and sand, then they are intro- duced to commercial chick feud and this is mixed gradually with pure wheat. Later ,in the season they get cracked corn with the• wheat, but oats does not enter as an important part of the rations until fall. The chicks always have buttermilk. Miss Holdsworth has been a keen student of her hobby; and her hobby is rapidly developing int, a profitable business. She has given to her poultry that attention to detail that As we left the pen where is more characteristic of women than she had her best pullets hou,ed of men. As we left, however, she ;:he left the door open, expletning reminded us that poultry keeping is that while the weather. was suitable not without its misfortunes and its they had free range of the Yarm. Un- mishaps. It was an accident that der these conditions,the pullets are killed seven hens that kept her pro- toget rr out R e s is year from passing the $500 more vigorous and ah t bl fit th f for breeders. To be even more cer- mark. On another occasion her net taro of maintaining the vigor of her, profits in the year were only 118. "I flock, she does not place all the de- might say," slit. remarked, "that it pendence on the trap -nest records in was misfortunes that taught us how selecting her breeding pen, but has , to make a profit of $5.0tt per hen." an expert cull for type and ¢bnatitu- i May this be interpreted as a warning tion. Ito enthusiastic beginner.: not to ex- 'rltc yearlings are sold off just as pect too much until taught by ex - soon as they begin to moult and last perietees eear ei Miss ach on pullets $ that weighed sixand seven pounds. The market is .higher LET'S HAVE .4 TARIFF FOR in the summer and early fall, and l RF.V1 NUF. ONLY. this potiltry woman finds it more The question: Shall we have a profitable to sell off a part of her tariff for protection or a tariff for flock then than to keep them around tevenue only, has been a bone of contention fur many years. Some- times interested parties have mixed the issue so as to gain a point for protection under the plea of revenue and sometimes "lower tariffers" have stretched a point and leaned toward free trade, despairing that anything in the line of tariff reform will otherwise be accomplished while the protected interests juggle the two ideas, shake them in the sante bag and attempt to stampede the Can- adian people with the holler that if rot given protection, revenue will de - he and the country go to t tease c bow -wows. Lct us to -day shake our- selves free from this nightmare and looking clearly at the issue of revenue producing tariff see how the great mother country handles the question, draw -erne deductions from her ex- perience, and see if we can duplicate her system without unduly impairing our manufacturing industries or in- juring Canadian workers, We must not forget in this connection that British manufacturers do not call for protection from foreign competition, perhaps because they realize that their markets are world markets, and in placing their wares on world mark- ets they must du sit in open competi- tion and. they could not expect that if they closed their own markets there would be any chance of open ntarkets for their wares abroad. It would he too much like a case of hog- gishness. Now the fact that she suc- cessfully competes in foreign markets is the basis of her great wealth, for the law of increasing wealth so far as R natitin is concerned, is "foreign trade." Just to illustrate that a country does not grow rich in that which she sells to herself, or in other words "internal trade," we will take two five elollar bills, one in the pocket of a maitufacturer and one in that of a workman. '"Internal trade" in this instance is represented by two five dollar bills. Now, the workman wants to buy something from the Manufacturer, so the $5.00 is brought out and handed to the manufacturer Thus we have $10 in one pocket an nothing in the other. The manufac turer then gives him a piece of goods of retail selling vale $6. Does th workman' get $5 worth? No; de- cidedly not. He gets in return fo his good five -dollar bill an article costing. say $3.00, the extra $2.0 representing profit. Now, how the two pockets compare --one h $7.00 and the other $3.00? Keep o and repeating this precede and before long we And rich manufacircrers and ocountry la none the richer .for the transaction. There is gull the original $,10 fie work on. This is the prlaclple est. "internal trade." Now we take 'i ease of 'foreign trade." We ,have goods which another country is will- ing to buy and the other country has the money that we request for our goods, We "exchange. He then has our goods and we, his money. But he really only has the actual value of goods, that is, cost price; we have goods value plus profit. All the profit is extra money coming into Canada anti using the $10 illustra- tion again. He has $3.00 wotth of goods fur hie $5.00 and we have a surplus of 1$2.00 profit, and in that transaction we have increased our country's riches by 66 2-3 per cent. Is it any wonder that exporting cdun- tries are rich countries. Now, as to British custom duties, I am not going to give to our readers a full list but a list of the most important ones; so here they are, both custom and ex- cise duties: Clocks, watches etc., motor cars, musical instruments, 33 1-3 per cent. Customs Excise Duties Duties Miss Holdsworth was able to tell us of some very creditable records. One pullet, which laid its first egg on the last day of September, had 103 eggs to her credit by the end of January. rt of a This record does not nlforl ethe breed. far Last year the best record was 91 eggs up to the end of March. Four of her pullets had laid 70 or more eggs by the end of January. This becomes significant when we consider that these four pullets have laid as many eggs in four months as the average Ontario hen lays in the whole twelve. Miss Holdsworth referred with par- ticular pride to one of her biddies, that had laid for 28 consecutive days. The poultrynwan's( dictum filet pul- lets ere very much more profitable than older hens has been found ae true in Miss Holdsworth's experience that she does not attempt to carry over many pullets into their second year to use as breeders, but carries over only those that have had the very beat records in their pullet year, and to these she adds thirty or ferty to crowd the pullet. Most of the laying flock is housed in two small shanty -roofed houses with an open front, the ope'F space being covered during cold weather, however, with a cheese cloth cur- tain that is raised duriug the day. On cold nights, cotton curtdins are drop- ped in front of the roosts to give greater warmth. Miss Holdsworth unconsciously bore testimony to the attention her flock receives when she told us that on very coal nights she uthe dark and packs out after goes he roosts, cher on t • elasel • together hens � g s simple x s is a. winter feeding lit The went the housing. Oats, either crushed or ground, preferably crushed, are fed in troughs and kept before them all the time. A grain mixture of corn, wheat and buckwheat is fed in the litter night and morning. the morn- ing feed being scattered the night previous. Last fall and this winter a hot mash has been fed of boiled turnips mixed with chop. "We•have found this a splendid thing to bring on the late pullets;' said Miss Holdsworth. A supply of green cut bone is purchased once a week in cold weather and fed daily. The creamery truck that visits the farm regularly for cream brings along a supply of buttermilk, for which a charge is made of 35 cent, for an eight -gallon can. Between the green cut bone and the buttermilk, it is not necessary to feed beef scrap. Oyster shell and gravel are withie reach of the birds at all times, and, for green feed, mangels are split and hung against the wall, where the pullets can help themselves. Most of the eggs are sold to priv- ate customers in Toronto. l'hey are usually shipped in twil:•e-dozen crates, but occasionally a ustomer orders a thirty -dozen crae for pack- ing. Any surplus eggs above those which are required for this special trade have been taken by a Toronto grocer, who is willing to l:ay something more than the 'going wholesale price when he is cure of getting a strictly new -laid article. This past winter private customers have paid ten to fifteen cents a dozen above the price al- lowed by wholesale commission mer- chants, but even at that the custom- ers were getting their eggs more cheaply that they could have pur" chased eggs of similar quality from the city markets. During the hatch- ing season, a large part of the eggs go to the District Representative at a price considerably in advance of market quotations. Miss Holdsworth plans to hatch her first chickens from the .first. to tenth of April and last year she had some out by the end of March. With nat- ural incubation, however, hatching is a slow process and at least one-half of her chicks strive ir1 May. Practic- ally all are raised with hens and Mina Holdsworth has one old biddy that has been kept for five years just on the strength of her virtues as a mother. Late in the season, one hen will mother twenty to thirty chicks. Mise Holdsworth has found, however that the earlier the chicks are hatched, after the first. of April, the more profitable are they as win- ter layers. The chicks are first fed hard-boiled Beer, 1'laying cards (pack)71rz Chicory (cwt.) 9.52 Chicory substitutes Craotl, ib .10 Coffee, 11,. .10 Tea, ib. .24 Currants A Raisins 21/2 Matches, 10,000 1.24 Brandy and rum, gal18.48 Sugar, 98, cwt. 6.16 Mollaases, cwt. 3.90 Candies, cwt 6.16 Tobacco riot tnfg., ib2.18 1.92 Tobacco mfg, cavendish 2.85 2.50 Candied peel, cocoanut and corms!, Ib, A4 Condensed milk, cwt2.80 $241.12 024.00 .06 9.24 1.20 17.48 5.60 324 cot$ end ha011wi." fixAte now Menplet,ehr reversed owners of hungry stomachs donee like parleying abstinateip• about; wages. price t.1 coptmodltlets in MAny lines, have dropped greatly. Sugar took a 'nighty shde from 80 cents to 7 cents per pound, though 40 cents. was predicted by the profiteering' wretches. , The humble potato can be purchased for 75 cents per bushel,- though ushel, . though the, consunnnter was free :_ told they would at least be around `' six and seven dollars per bushel this winter. In some parts of this State they can be purchased from the farm- ers for 50 cents per 100 pounds. Eggs per dozen from the high notch of 86 cents a year ago, are down to 40 cents, and butter from near a pin, • nacle of 80 cents per pound, is down to 40 and in some cases lower. The reason of the rapid decline in prices of these two household commodities, eggs and butter. as given by com- mission dealers is that owing to the unusually mild season her ladyship, the barnyard n, has cancelled the strike order, busy and is slow working overtime, and that heavy shipments of butter from Denmark has helped to drive the price of the latter down. Clothing and shoes since New Years in the retail depart- ments, have -surely shot down the toboggan slide. Some claim reduc- tions of 50 per cent. However, as that may be, they have at least slid down tremendously. Of course we were kindly informed through *be medium of the press by the profiteer- ing human vampires, that these two articles would be Much higher this coming season. Retailers, generally have been mighty slow to favor the conaummer with ,the benefit of re- ceding prices, probably with covetous eyes watching the contents of the latter's pocketbook. The price of wheat has been cut in a half or more front its highest figure. l'urn and oats a great deal more so, but many of their bye products have mounted upward since. Why should a pack- age 'of shredded wheat be now 18 cents instead of 15 when wheat was highest? A package of Pillsbury's health bran now 18 and 20 cents in- stead of 15; a package of Quaker oats now 33 to 35 cents, instead of 80 when oats were quoted at their high- est. The wheat flour bread loaf in this city hold tenaciously near top prices despite a near 50 per cent. cut in wheat prices, and flour has drop- ped several dollars per barrel. I think at one time it was about $5.50 down from the peak. In some more Christian parts of this mighty Res public, the 15 -cent loaf has been re- duced to 10 and the 10 to 5 cents per loaf, but in this city there seems to be a nigger In the woodpile, and that animal is the human profiteering wretch. If every good housewife and cook who knows the art of baking would do so when ever practicable the price of the bread loaf in this city would tumble from its lofty perch. Sooner or later all manner of commodities will have to reach a water level.It isestimated there ate are trillions of dollars of building g and other improvement up this way and adjacent territory contemplated but held in abeyance until a lower scale in the price of labor and other articles that enter into construction are reached satisfactory to those so contemplating these enterprises. When the affairs of Europe are store stabilized and financial bank- rupt tottering nations are assisted and put on their feet :and liquidation has completely run its course in this country and President-elect Hadieg is firmly seated on his Washington throne many prominent financiers claim things will gradually turn for the better. But as I see it if that bunch of Republican Senators officer- ed by henry Cabot Lodge had not for the sake of party politics and al- so to discredit President Wilson, en- gineered and led the fight, whick eventually and for the time being at east, has temporarily delayed the entry of this glorious Republic into the great family of the League of Nations. Had they not done this the affairs of Europe and the rest of a troubled world would not be in such a chaotic state as exists to -day. This country's prestige, weight, wealth and power backing that of Great Britain, France, Belguim, Italy, ,Japan, and other powers, would have proven a mighty factor in es- tablishing a better order of thisga. Ir his efforts in behalf of the League of Nations, Persident Wilson 1 a broken-down man. Now he is sees with silvered hair, drawn face, weak- ened voice, walking feebly with die aid of a cane, 8t tittles assisted to rive from his seat. and again wheeled is an invalid chair. Pbr the League of Nations the grandest dodrtnent since the dawn of the Christian 1:'ra, he labored for its suoceee with all kis er.ergy and might, despite the op. position of unprincipled foes and for it he would gladly have given Ms life. But on history's pages his name will go down as a shining star as tong es this world endures. While the memories _ and names of his de- tractors will be consigned to the waste basket of oblivion. NOW, a perusal of these figures shows that where Great Britain pro- tccts her industries she also places an excise duty against the sante va- riety of goods which acts as a double header. It gives her a revenue and prevents exploiting by her manufac- turers. You will notice at the com- mencement of the list that clucks, autos and musical instruments are listed et 33 1-3 per cent., and that there is no excise duty imposed Whether she buys a tremendous amount of foreign -made articles of this description and manufactures very few herself, I am not able to say. It may be that these exceptions prove the rule and if we had complete information on the matter it might be shown that they also were straight revenue producing propositions. How- e• fir, we have not the information en hand and so must leave it open. Per- haps 50100 of our readers will be able to supply it. e e - r 0 d as Now for a question. If we were to run our own custom and excise tariff as a revenue proposition only, charging an excise duty nearly cor- responding to the custom. duties so manufactur- ingssive as to cut n exec hurt the really n d u is would it profits, manufacturer and the laborer, or would it stimulate our manufacturers and laborers to greater production of better goods and seeking foreign trade bring wealth into Canada from abroad instead of relying upon bleed- ing Canadians to better their own financial standing? -F. W. FROM DULUTH Dear Expositor. -Nearly one and a half months of the New Year is now history. How timeaeents to fly when a chap has gone past the three score stark. 1 suppose it seems the , same way to nearly all of Adam's race. The weather continues very mild. though about February 3rd the thermometer dipped to 2 below zero, rather tun unpleasant and cold for the robins and other birds and butter- flies reporters seen flying around some time agtt. The struggle is on between capital and labor, organized and unorganized. In this city reductions in the price of labor front 10 to 20 per cent. and more has been and 0 quite common. Hundreds have been laid nff entirely and others working fewer days in the week. The Board of Public Works fc giving temporat', work to all they can to relieve temporally the situation. The opening of navi- gation will give employment to sev- eral thousand. In some cases plants have shut down for a time, then again resumed operations with a les- ser fore, and a reduction in the wages and at times a lesser number of working days in the week. But through the length and breadth of this land tens of thousands are being laid off every week for an indefinite period. Strikes are occuring in dif- ferent parts of the country owing to wage reductions; others, despite these reductions, gladly continue at their work. it. is estimated by competent nhservers that closely to three thous- and are out of employment in this city. A person walling the streets can se0 many a dejected idle work- ingman with clothes and footwear not of the hest and warmest order. At Washington, on February 3rd, it was stated that on January 1st there were 3,473,446 less workers in industry in OUR country than in .lanuary, 1920. according to reports published by the United States Department of Labor as a result of a nation-wide survey. Bread lines and Roup kitchens have been established in various cities and places. As employment becomes scarcer the efficiency of labor increas- es and the arrogance and uncharity of capitalists ton often is in evi- ,rlence. When employment was in t plenty, wages high, often labor was 25 per cent. Distount Turing the Mouth of Fety rnnry on Picture Mould- ing, ready-made frames id all sizes, Square or Oval. D. F. Buck PHOTOGRAPHER. SEAFORTH :1n interesting article on birds in e teen' inane of The Expositor un- ner th',holding of "The Reason Why" hrought to my memory with melan- choly interest a bird incident in dear old McKillop in the days long since passed. Like the most of the early pioneers and settlers on virgin Mesh farms in Huron County, nay father had erected a long shanty 01 ids homestead. ROBERT McNAUGIITON. (Continued nett week)