HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe East Huron Gazette, 1892-07-28, Page 7CABLES UNDER ME PAOIFIO. . 5,900 miles; southern, British Columbia to
Australia, 6,750 miles. The extension of
Me Efforts to Complete -the Tel ' the first cable route from Japan to Austral-
egraphie
Circuit or the Earth.
The project of a telegraphic cable under
the Pacific Ocean to conneet- this, continent
with Asia and Australia and provide a short
direct, quick and eheap.rolite to the farEast
in place of the presenteostlyandcomparative•
ly long route, which circles backward three-
lourths of the way around the globe, seems
o have been advanced very materielly.to-
ward accomplishment fry the results attain -
;d by the United States cruiser Thetis in the
second survey of the proposed route. " The
Thetis left San Francisco on April 18 last
to take soundings and make a general sur-
vey of the ocean bed over the proposed
route from California to the Sandwich
Islands, the Brst section of a proposed route
to Japan. She returned to San Francisco
last week. Six months ago the Albatross
made similar survey, but the results attain-
ed in that survey were not considered of a
nature very favorable to the project. The
Albatross surveyed a route running from a
point on Monterey Bay, near the town of
Monterey, direct to Honolulu. Her sound-
ings showed that the bottom of the sea was
very irregular over the greater part of
THE ROUTE SURVEYED.
The depths of the water were very great,
and a great many lofty and perpendicular
coral reefs were discovered along the track,
indicating great danger of freqnent and
serious troubles to the cable through abras-
ion, and also of total loss, from the great
depths and the swing between the reefs.
The Thetis met with far greater success
in her sur•-ey. The theoretical route was
the same from San Francisco to Honolulu,
but, as in the case of the cables from New
York to Europe, the actual route of the
deep sea cable was located to begin at a
point some considerable distance from San
Francisco. The Atlantic deep-sea cables
begin, or end, at Nova Scotia, Newfound-
land, or in that .immediate vicinity. The
Thetis started from Point Conception, 220
miles south of San Francisco, and 38 miles
west of the town of Santa Barbara, at _the
head of the Santa Barbara channel. The
place IN 8,3 considered by the electrical
engineers to be favorable for a deep-sea
cable landing. The ground at that point is
high, and the water shoals off on a mud bot-
tom.
The Thetis took a course nearly due
southwest, and by way of the Great Circle.
In the beginning of the survey soundings
were made e- ery two miles until a depth of
900 fatheras was registered. Five miles out
from Point Conception sea bottom was found
at eighty-seven fathoms, and at thirteen
mites, 281 fathoms were registered. From
that point on toward the Hawaiian Islands
the depth of water increased gradually to
3,000 fathoms, or more than three and a
half miles. That great depth was the aver-
tge for many miles. When the bottom was
level soundings were taken every ten miles,
and where it was irregular, undulating, or
where reefs were discovered, soundings
were taken at short intervals down to two
In a mile
THE GREATEST DEPTH
hounded to the route was 3,228 fathoms, at
a point about three hundred miles from
Hilo, on the island of Hawaii, where it is
proposed to land the cable. The water
shoaled to one thousand fathoms thirty-five
utiles from Hilo, and shoaled gradually from
that on to the landing place, near which the
depth is twenty fathoms. A short cable
will have to be laid to connect the island of
Hawaii with Honolulu, but it is probable
that the ,direct cable to Japan would be laid
from Hilo to avoid transmissions and for
reasons of favorable landing. - ;r
For the route surveyed by the Thetis the
cable to. the Sandwich Islands would be 2,-
960 miles in length. The routesurveyedby
the Albatross is about fifty miles longer:
The Albatross had heavy weather during a
great part of her trip, tut the Thetis ex-
perienced favorable weather during most of
the time. The Thetis survey is considered
to be the most accurate and best determin-
ed of any yet -made for a Pacific cable;
The interests are partly commercial and
aartly political. Direct and quick com-
munication with British ports and colonies
and the far east generally is wanted for the
sake of Canada's commercial interests in
that direction ; but, and perhaps mainly,
an alternative telegraphic route to the East
is wanted for Government purposes—a route
that shall be entirely through British pos-
sessions and not subject to interference or
stoppage by any foreign power. It is con-
sidered to be an essential move of pruden-
tial strategy in line with recent experiments
of shipping British troops from England to
India ae i the East over the Canadian racifie
Railwaj ,
These considerations haceled to the map-
ping out of thgeecompetitive routes. Atpres-
ent all telegirams from New York for China,
Japan,,or Australia must go under the At-
lantii'trto London. Thence are three routes to
India, two through to China and Japan,
and one continuation from either one of the
three on to Australia and New Zealand. The
northern route is from London to Denmark,
through Russia and
ACROSS THE SIBERIAN STEPPES,
by the great Northern Telegraph Company
to Vladivostock, the eastern seaboard, where
connections with China and Japan are made.
The Indo-Eurcpean route is a land line
across Germany, Russia, and Persia to the
Persian Gulf, and .thence to Bombay. The
eastern route, direct to China and Australia,
is by way of France, the Mediterranean Why British Emigrants to Brazil Have
Egypt, the Red Sea, Arabia, India, Penang, Failed.
and Singapore, and thence by way of Java The British Cojisul at Santos, in Brazil,
and Sumatra to Port Dawin, on the north- in his last report gives a number of reasons
—lam ern coast. The routes are long. for the failure and misfortunes of recent
Of the three projected Pacific routes two British emigrants to Brazil :-(1.) The
start from British Columbia, one forJapan Brazilian agents sent to recruit Iabour in
Said Australia, the other forAustralia direct, Europe extended their operations to Great
by the way of the Fiji Islands. The north- Britain, though instructed to confine them
ern route is projected from a point near to Latin races. (2.) Though instructed to
Victoria B. C., to Unimak, in the recruit agricultural labor only, and reeeiv-
Aleutian Islands, thence to Attu Island ing a commission tor each emigrant engag-
end from there to Japan. A supplemen- ed, they eventually registered any individ-
Lary cable would be run from Japan via .ual who said he was an agriculturist. (3.)
Manila and New Guinea to the northern The bulk of the British 'emigrants- engaged
Australian cost. It is known as the Canadian were consequently mill hands and people of
route. The central, or ;United .States no occupation =from the manufaeturin
route, which has been surveyed to the:Sand g
towns, `wlio would= tiavE faiTecl anywhere "e,s
wich Islands by the Thetis, would run over agriculturists even in a British colony. (4.)
the route surveyed to Hawaii, thence to The emigrants were deceived and deceived
Johnston Island, about --seven hundred themsejvea as to the nature of the work re -
miles west, th __ ® Wake Island, 1,300 quired of them, the food they ware to re-
' miles il^ t and midway between Ha wail and ceive, and the value of money in Brazil. (5)
span, from -there-to, Marcus Islam, and Their habits were totally unsuited to
from Mareu Island to a landing in Japan. a tropical climate, so that many felt sick
Japan and .- Australia are in . eomnrunica- at the outset. (6.) They could not speak
tion now. Either of - the Pacific cables or understand a word of the language
would csmplete the telegraphic circuit of
the globe. The third proposed route is-
€rom% a point near Victoria, B.C., to Oahu,
aSandwlch Irl ds, thence due south 1,000
; -les to Farn::ng. Island, thence to onof
11wFltij Island,,- 1,600 miles, and from there: An absent -minced: barber -has a shop in
(tet tier loop of about equal distance. to Philadelphia. -11e lately tucked a news -
P Miner -- Australia;, _ Tom: however; paper under a>patron's chin,,. and ave him
. would not; ford good facility arrear towel to road. g
.e.
- -- � � .,, , _oi e�esrlr, N. J. who
rg xmate distarxces`ef eseh is tri
Buie nrtug ra etmafiy batebeen arrested
Lolum ria ter a kaki910!"Em eror
�� y ?� �et�y,F
, projected mainly for Government pur-
poses, probably, by the route indicated,
would be an added distance of 3,000 miles.
The estimates of the probable cost of a
cable by each of the three routes vary one
estimate placing it at abont four, six, and
seven million dollars respectively for each
main route, and an added three mil-
lions for an additonal cable from
Japan to Australia; but that is only ap-
proximate,
THE CANADIANS,
Australians, and the British Government are
naturally chiefly interested in the northern
and southern routes, and statistics are
quoted to show that either of these routes -is -
better than the centraL Electricians concede
an advantage for the northern route is the
shorter distances between intermediate
points, which would, of course, increase the
speed of transmission. That would have an
appreciable affect on the tariff for telegrams.
Over the short stretches on the northern
route the highest rate of speed could be
attained probably, but it is not improbable
that under possible and favoring circum-
stanced the same results could be obtained
over the longer cables by the central route
from San Francisco. It is said, _also, that
the sea bottom on the northern route is very
much more favorable, and that there would
be less risk of interruptions. A British gun-
boat completed recently a series of surveys
along the proposed northern route.
It is probable that at present two cables,
by different routes, to China and A' lrstralia,
would not pay, and -that rivalry would cause
loss to both. It has been suggested that the
United States should join with the British
Government in favor of the northern route,
making its terminus at a place in the State
of Washington instead of in British Colum-
bia. How Mr the successful survey of the
central route by the Thetis may - effect the
question remains to be seen. That a trans -
Pacific cable is needed is conceded, and that
it will be " constructed very soon by some
route is acceed by electricians as a settled
fact.
Making Farm Cheese.
,A dairyman writes to the Farmers' Home
Journal that the making of a small amount
of milk into cheese is not easy, on account
of the difficulty of keeping the temperature
of the curd even at all times ; still it can bey
done with proper care. For a dairy of 20
cows it would be much the best economy to
purchase from some of the dealers in dairy
supplies asmall tin vat surrounded by a
wooden one with a space between for water
and a fire -box underneath to heat the water.
Where there is not milk enough to justify
this expense, the dairy kettle can be utilized
by putting water in the kettle and having a
tin vessel to set in it. The milk can be
placed in this and brought up to the desir-
ed temperature, which would be about 86
degrees, for the introduction of the rennet.
It is quite difficult fcr a person that is not
accustomed to preparing the rennet to get
it into a shape that they can tell what the
strength is, and for that reason it is better
to order rennet tablets from the dealers,
which are put up with full directions for use.
When the curd becomes hard " enough to
split before the finger, it should be cut up
about as fine as corn and gently stirred and
the temperature gradually brought up to 98
degrees, at which point it should be kept
until the eurd becomes firm, and when taken
up in the hand and pressed together it will
fall apart, or a small piece taken between
the teeth and bitten it will squeak. The
whey should then be removed and the curd
stirred until by taking a piece and pressing
on a hot iron, when drawn away it will show
fine threads one-half inch long. Then salt
at the rate of three and a half ounces to the
100 pounds of milk; cool down to about 85
degrees and put to press, where it should be
kept 12 hours. When taken from the press
the ends or outside should be oiled to pre-
vent their cracking. The cheese should be
turned over every day and the surface rub-
bed. The temperature of the room where
the cheese are cured should be kept as near
70 degrees as possible.
411>
Women's Cruel Revenge
There is a story of jealousy and creel re-
venge in the Kolnische Zeitune, which
seems scarcely creditable. It is stated that
at Amay, in the distr et of Huy. in Belgium,
a young pian was about to be married to a
young lady, when he engaged in a flirtation
with another. This was objectedto by the
young man's betrothed. One day a trip to
the forest was arranged by the offended
lady, with three female companions. The
promised bride invited her rival to accom-
pany them, which invitation was innocently
enough accepted. The forest was invaded
by the little party, and • at a given signal
the four city beauties fell upon the un-
suspecting girl. They beat her black and
blue, and dealt her a dangerous wound
upon the head. Then with a cord around
her, they drew her up to the bow of- a tree.
A letter -carrier passing at the tune inter-
fered, but he was set upon, scratched and
bitten, and driven away. A second cham-
pion soon came up, and with the assistance
of the postman put the women to flight.
Great was the surprise of the new -comer
when he discovered in the lady his sister.
The girl still lives, but the doctors consider
her life to be in danger.
Emperor William of Germany has recog-
nized Gen. Reines Barrios as president of
Guatemala -
COSTLY THING$.
But the Values Are Not Expressed Entirely
by Dollars and Cents.
The State Capitol at Albany, N. Y., is
the costliest building of modern times.
Nineteen million six hundred thousand dol-
lars have been expended on it to date. The
Capitol -at Washington from 1793, when its
corner stone was laid, to 1878, had cost, in-
cluding its expensive furniture, its almost
annual alterations and repairs, less than
$13,000,000.
The most expensive municipal hall in the
world and the largest in the. United States
is the City Building of Philadelphia. The
largest clock in the world is to be in its
tower. -
The most expensive Legislature in the
world is that of France, which costs annual-
ly $3,600,000, The Italian Parliament
costs $430,000 a year.
The next to the highest price ever paid
for a horse in the world was $105,000, for
which Axtell, the trotter, was sold in Indi-
ana at the age of three years. On Jan. 11,
1S92, Arion was sold by Senator Stanford
to L MalcolmForbesof Boston for $150,000.
That beats all prices. Charles Reed of the
Fairview Farm, Tenn., gave $100,000 for
the great stallion St. Blaise at a kale in
New York in October, 1891.
The costliest paintings of modern times
are Meissonier's " 1814" and Millet's "The
Angeles." M. Chauchard gave 850,000
francs ($170,000) for " 1814" and 750,000
francs ($150,000) for "The Angelus." Mr.
Henry Hilton in 1887 paid $66,000 for
Meissonier's " Friedland, 1807," and pre-
sented it to the Metropolitan Museum of
Art.
The most costly book in the world is de-
clared to be a Hebrew Bible now in the
Vatican. In 1512 it is said that Pope Jules
II. refused to sell the Bible for its weight
in gold, R hich would amount to $103,000.
That is the greatest price ever offered for a
book.
In 1635 a tulip bulb was sold in Holland
for $2,200. It weighed 200 grains.
The costliest meal ever served, according
to history, was a supper given by :iElius
Verus, one of the most lavish of all the
Romans of the latter days, to a
dozen guests. The cost was 6,000 sestertia,
which would amount to £48,500, or nearly
a quarter of a million dollars. A celebrated
feast given by Vitellius, a Roman Emperor
of those days, to his brother Lucius, tort a
little more than $200,000. Suetoni=ts says
that the banquet consisted of 2,000 different
dishes of fish and 7,000 different fowls, be-
sides other courses.
The largest sum ever asked or offered for
a single diamond is £430,000, which the
Nizam of Hyderabad agresd to give to Mr.
Jacobs, the famous jeweller of Simla, for the
" Imperial " diamond, which is considered
the finest stone in the world.
The costliest toy on record was a broken-
uosed wooden horse, which belonged to Na-
poleon Bonaparte and was sold a year or
two ago for 1,000 francs.
The costliest cigars ever brought to this
country were the brand made for the Prince
of Wales in Havana, the manufacturer's
price for which was $1.87 apiece.
The costliest mats in the world are own-
ed by the Shah of Persia and the Sultan of
Turkey. The Shah and the Sultan each
possess a mat made of pearls and diamonds,
valued at more than $2,500,000. The largest
mat ever made is owned by the Carlton
Club of London and is a work of art.
The costliest crown in Europe, experts
say, is that worn by the Czar of Russia on
state occasions. It is surmounted by a cross
formed of five magnificent diamonds, rest-
ing upon an immense uncut, but polished,
ruby. The ruby rests upon eleven large
diamonds, which in turn are supported by
a mat. of pearls. ' The Coronet of the Em-
press, it is said, contains the most beautiful
mass of diamonds ever collected in one
band.
The most expensive royal regalias in the
world are those of the Maharajah of Baroda,
India. First comes a gorgeous collar con-
taining 500 diamonds, arranged in five rows,
some as large as walnuts. Top and bottom
rows of emeralds of equal size relieve the
lustre of the diamonds. A pendant is a
single brilliant called the "Star of the Dec-
can." The Maharajah's special carpet, 10x6
feet, made of pearls, with a big diamond in
the centre and at each corner, cost 61,500,.
000.
The mce e valuable gold ore ever mined in
the United States, and probably in the
world, was a lot containing 200 rounds of
quartz, carrying gold at the rate of $50,000
a ton. It was taken from the main shaft of
the mine at Ishpeming, Mich.
The greatest sum ever paid for telegraph
toils in one week by a newspaper was the
expenditure of the `onion Times for cable
service from Buenos Ayres during the revo-
lution in the Argentine Republic. .:The cost
of cabling. from Buenos .Ayres to London•.
was $1.75 a word, and the Times paid out
$30,000 for one week's despatches;
Dog -Smothering in Paris.
In Paris dog-smotheriug'by gas fumes is
being still carried out energetically in the
"general pound." Little mercy is shown
to " puppies, mongrels, whelps, hounds,
and curs of low degree" found wandering
about the streets and highways unmuzzled.
All are soon marched off to prison, and only
very few of the animals succeed in escaping
from the fate reserved for then by an in-
exorable police decree. Considerable out-
cry has been rased on the subject, and re-`
cently the "dog question" was temporarily
raised in the Chamber to the dignity of a
public matter worthy "of the attention of
Parliament. M. Laguerre, ex-Boulangist,
asked the Minister of the Interior if the
dugs could not obtain twenty-four hours'
grace before being killed, so as to give their
owners time to claim them. At present
the animals were sometimes asphyxiated five
minutes after their arrival in the "pound."
M. Loubet closed the question by replying
that the decrees of the police about dogs
were necessary owing to the number of
rabid- animals about, and that they were
putinto execution with all possible mod-
eration.' -
Happiness does away with ugliness, and
-even makes the beauty of beauty.—[Arnie.
The bees of Guadeloupe, West Indies,
are stingless, and do not store their honey
in combs, but in bladders - of wax about the
size of e pigeon's egg.
Prominence is dangerous, and Prince Bis-
marck, who was pelted with flowers by ad-
miring young ladies at Kissingen and had
his eye injured, wasahnost as unfortunate
as Mr. Gladstone, at - whom a rabid old
woman hurled a "chunk " of ginger -bread."
In a fight in Paddy Moran's saloon, on
Canal street, Buffalo, on Monday night,
Frederick Logren, a professional strong
man, formerly of Hamilton, Ont, with his
fist, killed Elias Severton, a Norwegian
sailor from Chicago. The quarrel g
over a disreputable woman. arose
NATURE MAKES GLASS. Artstc Hygen c Dress.
She Fuses. the Silicates in the -Sand and It is easier to bridge the chasm between
Rocks by Thunderbolt. . th
- "Did you ever see the diameter of a
lightning flash measured ?" asked a geolo-
gist. " Well, here is the case which once
inclosed a flash of lightning, fitting it ex-
actly, so that you can - just - see how big it
was. This is called a `fulgurite,' or `lightning
hole,' and the material it is made of is glass.
I will tell you how it was manufactured,
though it took only a fraction of a second to
turn it out,
" When a bolt of lightning strickes a bed
of sand it plunges downward into the sand
for a distance, less or greater, transforming
simultaneously into glass the silica in the
material through which it passes. Thus,
by its great haat it forms at once a glass
tube of precisely its own size.
" Now and then such a tube, known as a
`fulgurite' is found and dug up. Fulgurites
have been followed into the sand by excava-
tions for nearly thirty feet. They vary in
interior diameter from the size of a quill to
three inches or more, according to the bore
of the flash.
" But fulgurites are not alone produced in
sand ;• they are found also in solid rocks,
though very naturally of slight depth and
frequently existing merely as a thin glassy
coating on the surface. Such fulgurites
occur in astonishing abundance on the sum*
mit of Little Ararat in Armenia.
" The rock is soft and so porous that a
block a foot long can be obtained, perforat-
ed in all directions by little tubes filled
with bottle green glass formed from the
fused rock.
" There is a small specimen in the Na-
tional Museum which has the appearance of
having been bored by the foredo, the holes
made by the worm subsequently filled
with glass. I am indebted to the Washing-
ton Star for the forgoing accounts.
"I may addthatCharlesDarwin mentions
these fulgurites in his book of travels and
Humboldt found some on the high Nevada
de Zoluca, in Mexico. Humboldt ascended
this precipitous peak at the risk of his own
life."
PEARLS 01' TRUTH.
Passions are as easily evaded as impossible
to moderate.
To -morrow is the day on which idle men
work and fools reform.
It is very easy to find reasons why other
people should he patient.
A man's worst difficulties begin when he
is able to do as he likes.
Error will slip through a crack, while
truth will get stuck in a doorway.
The saddest failings in life come from the
not putting forth the power to succeed.
Those who come to you to talk about
others are the ones who go to others to talk
about you.
Many men have been capable of doing a
wise [P
but very few a generous thing.
Individuality is everywhere to be spared
and respected as the root of everything
good.—[Richter. -
Life is too short to nurse one's misery.
Hurry across the lowlands that you spend
more time on the mountain tops.
Do not hurt the feelings of others by say-
ing sharp, sarcastic things. - It is better to
dispense with that questionable reputation
of being smart, than merit one of cruelty.
No one has more frequent conversation
with disagreeable self than the man of pleas-
ure ; Ms enthusiasms are few and transient;
his appetites, like angry creditors, continu-
ally making fruitless demands for what he
is unable to pay ; and the greater his former
pleasures, the more strong his regret, the
more impatient his expectations.
You cannot set the world right, or the
times, but you can do something for the
truth, and all you can do will certainly tell
if the work you do is for the Master who
gives you your share, and so the burden of
responsibility is lifted off. This assurance
makes peace, satisfaction and repose possi-
ble, even in the partial work done upon
earth. Go to the man who is carving a
stone for a building ; ask him where is that
stone going, to "What part of the temple,
and how is he going to get it into its place,
and what does he do? He points you to
the builder's plans. Tliis is only one stone
of many. So, when men shall ask where
and how is your little achievement going
into God's great plan, point them to the
Master, who keeps the plans, and then go
doing your little service as faithfully as if
the whole temple were yours to build.—
[Phillips Brooks.
A To uch of Nature.
- We boys 'ud run, an' romp, an' play
From early morn till c'ose of day;
We'd tramp for miles with dog an gun.
An' think that huntin' was such f ..n—
, 'Ceptin'
Jim.
He wuz a cripple from his birth,
An' wuz no sort of use on earth.
His mother was the Widder Flynn,
Who hadn't nary chick nor kin —
'Ceptin' Jim.
She Iived by takin' washin' in,
The widder's face was sharp an' thin.
Hard work had left its creases there,
An' no one thought her sweet an' fair—
'Ceptin' Jim. -
One day we went below the mill,
Where sbadder3 fell so cool an' still,
A-fishin' thar ter perch an' trout;
An' no one knew we were about —
'Ceptin' Jim. -
When some one came an' raised the sluice
An' turned the rush o' water loose,
While everything began to go,
An' wo were all down tLar below-
- 'Ceptin' Jim.`
He gota pole, an'limped-aroun',
An' pried the gate.back to the ground'—
Then slipped
e use▪ by
A leetle grave where gg ra grew• rer hhi
All, 'ceptin im -s gh-
-[Lewis R. Clement.
Opening of a Queen's Grave.
A Swedish Queen's grave has been open-
edat:Upsala in the.:presenoe of the: Prince
Regent, the Archbishop, and many profes-
sors. The grave, which dates from 1584, is
situated in a side aisle of the Cathedral of
Upsala, in a vault beneath the pavement.
On the ceiling are painted the Royal arms.
On the immense stone over the grave are
engraved in Latin the words—" Catherine,
Queen of 11583; Sweden
daughter ofSigism September, ianof Po-
land, and wife of Johann, third King of
Sweden. She was buried on the 16th of One result of the placing of two Inman
steamers on the register recently as Ameri-
February, 1584." On removing this stone can vessels will be to disqualify their Brit-
cayed, and lined with velvet in rags. Be-
a copper coffin was found and opened. iehthe crAmews from serving, as no foreigners
Within was a wooden coffin, somewhat de- are'allowed to man or officer a vessel flying
American flag,
neath a leather cover lay the corpse of the Look at your thumb and decide if some
Queen, clothed in velvet, the feet in stuffed of your peculiarities of ch re ind'-
shoes. Amid the folds of the velvet lay an sated by its hha e. It isstated a I
extremely small skull, p stated theta long
first joint of the thumb shows will power;
thick',`: de
A huge lobster, 34 inch .; t utxib. indicates person of
es long and weigh- matitek wsi r &Tit while a br cad knob
ing 19 1.2°pounds, Was lately traT ed n - _ _Y,
Y 1 p rn at thee» f a th b i`e a sere i ndication
St. Andrew's Bay, near Robinson,.Me of obfttiaaejl
un ty
ideal style of dress, thannits des o le tph it. it
is possible to be well dressed and yet not do
violence to the laws of physical well being.
One of the mistakes made by the original
dress reformers was in taking up the que,
tion from its purely hygienic side, beauty
and attractiveness not being considered at
all. The desire to be beautiful is perfectly
legitimate. Where it - ii C not present, it
shows an essential lacking, just as does the
want of appreciation of fine arts or music.
I have sufficient faith in the possibilities of
the race to believe that all women will yet
be beautiful.
No arbitrary rules can be Laid down for
dress, and no particular style of universal
costume can be devised. The position, the
work and the specific requirements of the
wearers must all be considered. I am glad
to have gentlemen present in the audience
because they are the husbands and fathers
of the race, and they should be equally in-
terested with women in all which concerns
healthful dress for women. -Itis not uncom-
mon to charge all social vices to men, and
say that all need of reform is in the mascu-
line half of the world. In this case I say
that it is the women who have need to be
reformed. Women are the mothers of man-
kind, and their better vital development
would insure better motherhood and so bet-
ter sons and daughters, and we should have
less vice and crime.
The first garment worn by women in the
healthful change advocated by the hygienist,
is of one piece, and fits the body smoothly
while yet being elastic enough to yield to
every movement. Then for women who
have just given up the corset, a waist is
next in order. Those who, like myself, are
blessed with firm muscular development,
find this garment superfluous. The gar-
ment which I wear tor the second one, and
which would be the third for those who
wear a waist, is divided so that each mem-
ber has perfect covering, and is furnished
with a waist. Over this, I wear a divided
skirt. "But,"I am frequently asked, "Do
yon not wear a petticoat?" I regard the
petticoat as a relic of barbarism, and have
not worn one for years. I have been - en
the streets in a windy day and had them
wind around my legs so that I could hardly
move; on muddy street crossings, after
having reached for the back of my skirts to
lift theni from being soiled, I have found
that my petticoat was still down and be-
draggled, thus to dampen and soil my
ankles ; and I know how dangerously they
are in the way in going up or down stairs.
The divided skirt, which takes the place of
the- ungainly petticoat, is light and sensible,
and is the proper remedy for many an obs-
cure backache. Many a woman owes her
invalidism to the heavy petticoats she wears.
I was myself an invalid before I adopted the
reform dress, and was told that I would
never walk again ; or at least only very
short distances. But in three months from
the time I discarded the ordinary fashion-
able dress, I was perfectly well and have
remained so ever since.
Eventually, I think the dress of the busi-
ness woman will be shortened to the knees.
It will not come immediately, although it
may come as a reaction for the disgusting
trailing street dress now worn. For the pres-
ent, I think a street dress which comes to
the ankles is about right. I used to advo-
cate having it come just above the shoe tops,
but practical expel ience has taught me that
there is more resistance to this length than
when it comes to the ankles, and that a
skirt ending either at the ankles or knees is
more comfortable. A dress to the ankles
does not need to be lifted except in
rainy weather, and for bad weather
it is best to have a special dress
much shorter. A dress that touches the
ground is indecent and uncleanly, and not
What the Baby Wanted,
Dr. Guster contributes to a German paper
the following brief h'i-' athetie journal of a
baby who, afte> t_ 2'L�ndays z this world,
departed, Ieavi' aoe reflections for our
instruction : red
First day— r ;.'ru , hes Iy s At last
I am in this beau - 1 Who would
have thought it, .one could breathe a
freely breathe, and cry one w
thinks? 1 rejoice larticulariy
light and bine sky, trnr,the ftwri
with its cooness. If r could only see
feel all this splendor 1
Second Day—Oh, this horrible heata
have been deceived. This air, this water,
this light hew entirely different havk I
imagined it would be. But patience, all Till
come right by and by. The old woman Vac
cares for me does not seem to understand
me.
Fifth day—Still no solution. If it goes
on this way I cannot hold out long. The
whole livelong day must I lie buried is
feather cushions so that I can scarcely gas
down a bit of air. Two linen and one flan -
/se: binders, a little shirt, a flannel slip, a
long cushion filled with feathers, in which
I am wrapped from head to foot, over this
a coverlet filled with feathers, the curtains
of my crib drawn to, the room darkened
with double curtains, the windows closed,
so must I, poor worm, lie from morning till
evening. Met burning skin is worst off than
the hot stove near me, which can at least,
as I feel, give off its heat. Oh, that I did
know what I shall do. If I cry it brings
the old woman with her milk, which in-
creases my misery ; my hands are cold
while my brain and skin are burning, she
brings a few more wraps. I turn my half
closed eyes from side to side seeking help,
and my tomentor says " the baby shivers,"
and really heats the horrible things at the
stove. Will no one conte to my relief ?
Tenth Day—Again a fearful night ! I
cry, but I am not understood. I must drink,
drink, and again drink until the stomach
overflows. A half hour later they give me
something with a horrible taste from a tea-
spoon. Air, air, pure, cool air, light, water 1
Shall I then have no help from this world ?
Twelfth Day—Yesterday there was a
great council of my aunts and cousins. Each
one advised a different remedy for my sick-
ness, but all agree that its cause is a cold.
Warmth was urgently recommended, and I
received a new kind of infant food just dis-
covered and some strengthening wine, which
heated my brain a little more, so that I was
deathly still. My body is wrapped so tight-
ly with the roller that ray stomach overflows
everytime a teaspoonful of anything is given.
My feet are forcibly extended and enveloped
so I cannot bring them up to relieve the
pain, but my feeling is gradually going.
Would that ail were soon over.
Thirteenth Day.—Farewell, thou beauti-
ful world. Thy light i.nd thine air have
been denied me, but thither where I go
there are no fetters.
.A Russian Bath.
The bath was a small log house, situated
a short distance from the manor. It was
divided into ante -room, dressing -room, and
the bath proper. W hen we were ready,
Alexandra, a famous bath -woman, took
boiling water from the tank in the earner
oven, which had been heating for hours,
made a strong lather, and scrubbed us
soundly with a wad of linen bast shredded
into fibers. Her wad was of the choicest
sort, not that which is sold in the popular
markets, but that which is procured
by stripping into rather coarse filaments
the strands of an old matsack, such as is
used for everything in Russia, from wrap-
pers for sheet -iron, to bags for carrying a
pound of cherries. After a final douche with
boiling water, we mounted the high shelf
to be tolerated by sensible people. The partwith its wooden pillow, and the artistic
main essentials to correct dress, the points Cher of the operation begsteam,an. As xwea lay
which I insist upon, every thoughtful wo- I there in the thoroughly
tha Alexandra
man will admit as reasonable. Theyare, whipped us thgsoughly wird a small besom
of birch twigs, rendered pliable and
freedom at the waist line, freedom for the secure of their tender leaves by a
legs in walking, freedom for natural, full preliminary plunge in boiling water. When
we gasped for breath, she interpreted it as
a symptom of speechful delight, and flew
to the oven and dashed a bucket of cold
water on the red hot stones placed there
for the purpose. The steam poured forth
in intolerable clouds ; but we submitted,
powerless to protest. Alexandra, with all
her clothes on, seemed not to feel the heat.
She administered a merciless yet gentle
massage to every limb with her birch rods
—what would it have been like if she had
used nettles, the peasants' delight?—and
cannot hold themselves upunless the have rescued us from utter collapse just in time
y by a douche of ice-cold water. We huddled
on a corset, that they " tumble all to
pieces." It is partly because they do
not know how to sit, and partly because
they have worn a corset so continuously
that the large muscles of the body which
were designed to support the waist, have
become demoralized. A good many people
are exercised over the question as to the
origin of the species, whether ON not we
once went on all fours. Be that as it may,
it is only a question of time until we shall
go on all - fours, unless the prevailing style
of woman's dress is changed.
Most women, even girls say that they
cannot have a dress slightly open at the
throat because it shows their ugly "bones."
Now the trouble with their " bones "is that
they have put on a corset which squeezes
pthe flrotrudeoati.ng ribs together and that squares
the shoulders, making the bones of the neck
respiration, and freedom for the arms; so
that they can be lifted and swung above the
head with ease. Then only can a woman
poise, stand, and sit well. When the essen-
tials are secured, the rest may please the
fancy of each individual woman, who may
make it as artistic or as near like fashion-
able modes as she may desire. It is impos-
sible for a woman to stand thoroughly well
while she wears a corset; perfect poise and
correct carriage cannot be had without
freedom at the waist line.
Thousands of women say now that they
on all the warm clothing we owned, were
driven home, plied with boiling tea, and
put to bed for two hours. At the end of
that time we felt made over, physically,
and ready to beg for another birching. But
we were warned not to expose ourselves to
the cold for at least twenty-four hours, al-
though we had often seen peasants, fresh
from their bath, birch besom in hand, in
the wintry streets of the two capitals.—
[Isabel F.�Hapgood, in Atlantic Monthly.
ELECTROCUTED BY LIGHTNING.
A Georgetown Boy Struck Dead During
Yesterday's Storm.
A despatch from Georgetown, says :—A
terrific -thunderstorm swept over this town
this afternoon and was attended with fatal
results. Thomas Hume, a young lad, was
down at the Credit River bathing. With
SMALLPDX 1N VIOTORIA.
some other boys be was walking along the
railway track on the way home when sud-
denly his companions were dazed by a sud-
den flash of chain lightning. On looking
Victoria, B. C., despatch says :—Small- around they perceived young Hume's body
pox is epidemic here, there being over 40 rolling down the steep embankment. S'4 herr
cases reported up to last night. -There is a they picked him up he was dead. Hi(
general panic, The disease first broke out clothing was torn in shreds anis the boots -
three weeks ago m a house which was twisted off his feet. He was placed on a
promptly quarantined and it was suppossed lorry and was taken to the railway station.
the disease had been stamped out. There A coctor was summoned and said that death
is no place at present to which the afflicted had been instantaneous.
can be moved, but it is thought one will be
found to -day. In the meantime tents are_
being erected. The Driard house, the Iead •
ing,hotel, closed yesterday voluntarily, and
the hea1tifofficers have closed the Clarence,
the Balmoral and Western. hotels and a
number of boarding houses
Hotels and Boarding houses Closed Before
An Advancing Epidemic.
The three tallest trees in the world are
believed to be a sequoia near Stock ton, Cal.,
325 feet high, and two eucalyptus trees in
'Victoria, Australia, 435 feet and 450 feet
respectively.
The greatest of faults is to beconscious of
none. —[Carlyle.
The man who works for God always getrs
his pay in advance.
The donkey is the longest lived amongst
our domestic animals.
Physicians' carriages have the right of
way in the streets of Berlin.
Fortune has rarely condescended to be the
companion of genius. —[Disraeli.
Example is the school of mankind, and
they will learn at no other. —[Burke.
The great end of all human industry is
the attainment of happiness.—[Home.
A jest loses its point when he who makes -
it is the first to laugh.—[Schiller.
Young men think old men fools, and old
men know young men to be so.—[Metcalf. -
A workman engaged in - purapiag water
close to the regulator at the Vienna electric
current works was instanPei killed on Mon
day by the electric current priadiettlaanagla
his beady.
)*eydly Work
hYurderaa� t�`trscl
Wtaeheater—Th +.
i*ents if the Die
Dresdf=3 Day=
It "will newt be
firsd the first shot w
ter that naal t r ma
in the pian r'¢urin
Pa. The first gun,
the Pinkerton targe
been discharged by t
men, who w13 after
moment before the s
surging dogauard
ing till Wc.sfk5b8,
backs t -i.- $tate
muzzletos of the I'ifies,
men back from wha
er bc: i far
angryClaas crowad, came t
nell, as, hatless an
check the angry me
" In God's name,
fellows, keep back,
force them to do m
It was too late,
by the sharp report
man in the bow of
had hardly left th
mission of death be
a sheet of flame fro
Pinkertons' hands.
at the front with hi
staggered and fell,
For a moment the c
by the attack. On'
wounded men were
the rifles lead hardl
ing hills ere the cro
the semi -darkness
wall of fire. The m
arms and were usin
The leader of the
hand to his breast
ing beneath the wa
Pinkertons stagger'
inside the boat by t
At the first, flash
many of the crowd
lose to the water'
the angry men firin
at the Pinkerton.
to withstand the fi
cabin and fired fro
as possible. When
emptied their revo
the bank, greeting
enemies with defian
The Capt'
In something les
defeated and diagu
lowered their colo
their prisoners o
just back of the g
captured invaders
physically and me
ed together on t
formed a gruesome
were blackened wi
stained with bloo
arms in improvised
without shoes. A
tied cheap leather
dies of clothing.
stead men,armed
tured from the bar
ers, and directly
throng of men, wo
Freed from One
fronted
At first the mo
jeering and hooti.
before the outer
were reached the
hurled by the mad
eagerness to do
prisoners the rabb
that hundreds of
pgosed, and sev eral
by the flying missi
of the fast growing
accurate.
In the beginnin
made no attempt,
They did their best
even before they
their bodies were
bruises and won
pageant arrived ate
site the railway sti
ed in its journey tc
pa s. This intern
minutes, but it in
to the prisoners. .
e3, and the journ€s
P. V. and C. trac
down the sloping s
the little gully at
At this juncture or
pad a big yellow v;
ness. The mob po
of hungry wolves.
lock, and in less ti
serine it the valise
tents scattered in t
man picked up a fri
waved it over his
flamed eyes caught
and then, as if bi
grips and bundles_
now thoroughly fri
Soon the air was
conditions of unde
eanique episode ticl
dime diverted their
6nersa During the
the guards moved
and the gaps in Chi
ed up. Just beyoi
road takes a suddet
f arned the bend th
- eritable wall of r
In the front ranks
ed obstacle were a
with brooms and c
though no human
collision. But, tie;
one -of the leaders,
and what bid fair 1
ferred into a com
way A Woman's
One woman, wh
leader, raised her
voice said ; " Wb
sheep? Let's hvvs
critical juncture th
a voice so loud ,iia
all, despite the in
my good woman, v
dcred, and we ars
tramps do the job,
oke wcheered t
circte ohms d the -f
e say fo
ole sasad, trangs