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TWENTY-FIFTH YEAR.
WHOLE NUMBER, 1,283.
Saturday
—AND—
SEAFORTH, FRIDAY, JULY 15, 1892.
2
McLEAN BROS., Publishers.
$1.50 a Year in Advance.
Monday
JULY 16th AND 18th.
Our Special Days.
On the above dates we will offer a
line of Fancy Outing Shirts at
E DOLLAR.
They are well made, full-fashioned,
non -shrinkable neck band, silk ,stitch-
ed, pearl buttons and the latest colors
and patterns.
Sizes, 14:-!2-- to 16.
We offer them on the above dates
only its necessary for you to conie
then if you desire to secure some.
We also show the greatest line of 2, 5c
Hosiery in the trade.
Merino, Cashmere, Wool and
Cotton.
Its worth your time to come and see
them.
JACKSON BROS.,
THE LEADING FURNISHERS,
CUTTING GREEN GRAIN.
SSIFORTII, Ont., July 13, 1892.
DEAR EXPOSITOR,—Your kindness in
publishing a letter on this subject last sea-
son was not without good results. Watch-
ing carefully the effect among farmers, as
well as I could, I was pleased to note the
deep interest they took in the matter, and
a determined effort on the part of many to
guard against the error complained of.
Last Beeson was a deceptive one in some
respect.. The straw was very bright and
clean and gave the fields a golden ripe ap-
pearance long before the grain had fully
developed or begun to harden. This mis-
led not a few into cutting their wheat earlier
than they otherwise would have done, while
quite a number I am told, discovering their
mistake after beginning to cut, turned out
of the field and let it stand some days
longer. I have too, an instance of this sort
having occurred already this "casein in
Eastern Ontario. Encouraged by the regard
displayed last season, and being more
thoroughly persuaded of the necessity of
continued caution in this respect, by the
experience and information obtained in the
meantime, I respectfully ask space again
with you, having no doubt the farming
community will be further interested in
the subject. I had hoped that some chem-
ical analysis of flour made from green and
ripe grain would have been made &mins
the past twelve months in order that posi-
tive and definite information from good
authority might have been offered before
this harvest, but difficulty in securing dis-
tinct samples of flour and other things have
prevented.
The following part of a letter from Mr.
C. A. Zavitz, B.S. A., Experimentalist,
Agricultural College, Guelph, will be of
interest; "I remember well the talk we had
last Autumn in regard to time of cutting
grain, and I certainly think there is a ten-
dency among farmers generally to out their
wheat a little on the greenish side. Until
nearly maturing time a large quantity of the
valuable material which goes to make grain
is in the straw. During the latter stages
of the grain's development the constituents
are being deposited in the grain, which keeps
on until the full development is reeched
and the grain is ripened. The most im-
portant of these is the nitrogenous matter,
or albuminoids, which is of such great value
in flour, and known in a state almost pure
as gluten of the wheat. I hope to do a
good deal of investigation along this line
this season, as I agree with yon that it is an
important question."
Another high authority writing in the
London (Eng.) Miller on the subject of
Thoroughly developed grain for seed pur-
poses" says: "Wheat grain is composed
of variable proportions of albuminoids,
gluten and carbo -hydrates. The protein
compounds being much the highest in the
germ of the grain, which is now removed
by the modern roller process, the miller
has to depend upon and purchase at a higher
price those which will yield the largest
amount of strength in the flour. Strong
tour was never yet made from weak wheats
grown from imperfectly matured seed, and
if the farmers do not make a proper selec-
tion of seed wheats for planting purpose',
they pay dearly for it in the end, through
the price obtained for their inferior pro-
claim.
The opinion that wheat is better for cut-
ting before it -becomes dead ripe, though still
good so far as intended, has so far outgrown
itself that the popular opinion of to -day is
that there is no harm in cutting wheat
green. The argument in the above quota-
tions should certainly scatter forever to the
winds such false ideas.
It must be apparent that unlees wheat, all
grains in fact, are allowed to stand until the
necessary constituents for good flour and
other product, and also for feeding purposes,
are deposited in the grain, which, according
to these authoritiein takes place in the latter
stages of maturity, nature is prevented from
completing her work, and the grain is at
once and forever injured, no ingenuity of
man being able to supply the deficiency.
Watching the interest of farmers in last
year's letter brought prominently before my
mind the necessity of some definite means of
determining the proper stage at which wheat
should be cut, and when the wheat has at-
tained that stage. The ideas were so varied
and, in many instances contradictory, that
I have no doubt the subject would lead to a
very interesting discussion at some of their
Institute meetings, and great good would
result.
This, and the idea that there is no harm
in cutting green, which has really got to that
extent that instances are to ke met where
farmers take the condition of ripeness very
alightly into account at all, are, I believe,
chief causes for the mistakes that are made,
and are to be found among some of our best
farmers. There are, too, many erroneous
articles to be found on this, subject in print,
one of which was handed to me last season
by some unknown person, arguing very
strongly in favor of green cutting, for the
sake of retaining good feeding qualities,
etc., in the etraw. If this is the purpose
for which wheat is raised the argument is
certainly well drawn, but if wheat is intend-
ed for flour these properties must not be
preserved in the straw, but should be per-
mitted to rise into the grain.
Believing that farmers are awakening to
the importance of this subject I have no
doubt that greater interest and care will be
exhibited this season, and, weather permit-
ting proper mtturity, I trust farmers will
not prevent it by premature cutting.
Yours:Respeetfully,
T. 0. KEMP.
What Mr. Pringle Has to Say,
' About It.
DEAR EXPOSITOR. —I notice there have
been several very able letters published in
your very valuable paper for and against
Annexation. It appears to me that T. M.
White has by far the best of the argument.
Although you have undertaken to champion
the other side of the question, you do not at-
tempt to refute any of the arguments used
in favor of Annexation. You jump at the
conclusion that this country would derive
all the benefits from Commercial Union or
Reciprocity that it would do from Annexa-
tion. This appears to me a great delusion
on your part, which shows clearly that you
have allowed your prejudices to get the bet-
ter of your judgment. Political union
mens strength. If the fisheries, the canals
and the railways were all the common prop-
erty of this continent, under one Govern-
ment, an end would be put to all disputes;
the country would feel so secure in its own
greatness it would not require to disgrace
itself by keeping up a single regiment of
fighting men. You are well aware there are
both men and newspapers in both countries
whose ehief business it is to stir up strife
between the two countries. The more they
succeed the better they like it. Reciprocity
would not help matters in this respect.
There is no friendship in trade, and the same
old bones of contention would continue in
the future as they have done in the past.
-What with troubles at home, and old coun-
try troubles abroad, this country would be
kept in hot water and on the brink of war
all the time.
The Siamese twine, when alive, were unit-
ed together from each other's sides by a very
slender cord. While in this condition they
lived and prospered •' both raised large fami-
lies; each supportedhie own children and
accumulated wealth, but alas when one died
the other could not exiet. Canada and the
United Stateseere far more closely allied to
each other than the twins ever were. For
thousands of miles mighty rivers and mag-
nificent lakes are dove -tailed and spliced
into each other's territory; for thousands of
miles there is only an imaginary lists divid-
ing them. If any obstacle come" in the way
of "Free Trade between the two countries
It is at once bridged or tunnelled to facili-
tate trade, at a cost of hundreds of millions
of dollars. The people of this country do
not seem to know that the bonding syetem
gives "free trade" in esilway traffic to both
countries. If free trade in railway traffic is
of such immense benefit to both countries,
why should it not be extended to all other
industries. The great bulk of our last year's
crops has been shipped over American
lines, from American ports, at 50 to 10o per
100 pounds less freight than could have been
done over Canadisn railways from Canadian
ports. Besides, this year there has been
such al fall in prices that the delay in ship-
ping grain over our own roads from our own
ports would have caused an additional loss
to farmers and dealers of 5c to 10o per bushel
more. The cost of getting gram, or any-
thing else, to market must determine its
value to the producer. We are suppoeed to
have great advantages over the Americans
in the cattle trade in the English markets,
To secure this advantage the cattle must all
Northwest would have a wheat surplus of
600,000,000 bushels for export. The net re-
sult is, in this, tbe year of our Lord, 1892,
they have not raised more than 20,000,000
bushels, ha.f of which is unfit for food and
will not realize more than freight and com-
missions in the English market. If the frost
had struck the crop two weeks earlier, as it
has done some years, they would not have
had enough to bread themselves. Tupper
has a good deal of cheek to ask the old
country to give,up their free trade policy
that has m de them the wealthiest nation
la
on earth, for the sake of keeping his
party in power. If the government wee
foolish en
and other
trade wit
grain had
months in
severity o
per mile f
country,
balance t
"
nationa1 suicide" by cutting off her sup-
plies, by imposing heavy duties on imports,
• the United States, who have an unlimited
supply of almost everything within them-
selves, w
the whol
land wo
thirds of -
of bavin
supplies
which i
hazardou ,, business to attempt to predict
the future, Still, Tupper will do so, be-
cause, I Suppose, he is well paid for it. But,
if he were paid -only in accordance with the
relative accuracy of his prediotions,he would
soon be •out of the business. Even the
"Grand Old Man," Gladstone, once made a
fool of himself in predicting that the South-
ern States would gain their independence—
and within forty days. Another great man,
and a great Tory, Lord McCauley, has pre -
at England will yet become a pas-
ntry ; that the herdemen will sit on
ridge, or on what is left of it, and
eir flocks and herds grazing on the
e city of London. It is fervently
ped this prediction will come no
ugh to put a duty on breadstuffs
aw materials it would ruin their
out doing us any good. If all our
to be shipped from Halifax six
the year, taking the distance, the
the climate and the extra cost
r hauling through such a wild
e cost would more than counter -
e duty. Should England commit
uld at once declare free trade with
world. If this was done, Eng -
Id run the risk of losing two-
er trade, besides running the risk
to pay famine prices for her food
hen the crops fail in her colonies,
110 unusual occurrence. It is a
dieted t
torsi co
London
watch t
site of t
to be h
nearer the truth than _Tupper's. But, we
all know, history repeats itself, As unlike-
ly events have come to pass in the past.
Who can tell but protection may be the be-
ginning of the end of England's greatness?
Duriog the last eleven months 550,000
European immigrante have arrived at the
principal ports of the United States.
Strange to say 103,000 were from Seotland,
England and Ireland. This shows plainly
the old Icountry people are not half as much
in love With British rule as the loyalists of
this country who have got Government pap
In their mouths. Annexation would popu-
late and enrich this Dominion ten times fast-
er than any other policy. It would put a
stop to the exodus of native-born Canadians,
and would induce the setgement of the en-
terprising Americans in our midst. Besides,
it would at once turn the tide of European
immigration to this country, whioh cannot
be got in any other way. The people of
Europe have had their necks too long under
monarchial and despotic rule. Their great
desire is to get rid of it, and to live in a free
country where they can choose their rulers,
instead of having to trust Providence to
provide them. Although the German Em-
peror is a nephew of Queen Victoria, and
the son of good decent parents, still, he says
and does such?, ridiculous things, that both
the people of America and Europe are at a
loss to know whether he is drunk or insane
the most of his time. Take, also, the case of
Randolph, of Bavaria—and Rudolph of Aus-
tria—two of the divinely appointed rulers.
They were both so dissipated that they put
an end to their miserable lives before they
got the power to work wholesale mischief.
Just think of it, although Europe is hope-
lessly drowned in debt, it costs over one
billion dollars yearly to keep up large stand-
• ing armies to be in res,diness to butcher each
• other to gratify the ambitious designs of good-
for-nothing rulers.
England has far more to fear from Ameri-
can "free trade " than from Protection.
Protection has confined America within her
be shipped from Canadian ports. The re- own shell, which has been a great advantage
suit is that freight' from Montreal to the to English trade. But the time has now
old country have ruled from $5 to $10 per
head higher than from New York, which
counterbalances our advantages two or three
times over. If we had Annexation the 21,-
000 head that have been shipped this sesson,
at a lose of $10 per head, could all have been
taken out of the byres one day and sold pro-
fitably the next in the large cities around
our borders, in _opposition to the Chicago
"Dead Meat Dealers," without incurring
the risks of shipping to a market 3,500 miles
-
away.
The Americans, having a market like Chi-
cago where thousands of cattle can be
bought every day, ard where scores of rail-
way and steamship lines are competing for
freight, are in a much better position to sup-
ply the wants of Europe than we are who
have only two roads, and these two are one,
to ship by, to a one-horse port that is closed
six months in the year. Besides this, we
are in a much better position to supply the
wants of all the eastern cities with cattle, or
anything else, than they are themselves. If
we cannot compete with them at home then
it is no use in trying to do so abroad.
Nature being badly against ne, our nation-
al prosperity is bound up with the Ameri-
cans. For instance, the distance from God-
erich to Halifax by the Intercolonial rail-
way, which wan expected to bind all the
Provinces together, is 1,314 miles; to St.
John and Portland, through Maine, is 946
and 764 miles respectively. The distance
to New York, by Buffalo, is only 623 miles,
the southern parref the Province being just
as near New York as it is to Montreal. Such
being the case it is not to be wondered at
that the Intercolonial railway is falling short
$1,000,000 yearly, and that the bulk of our
crops are going by New York, where there
is any amount of competition in freight' to
all parte of the world. If we had Annexa-
tion all our crops would go that way. Last
week the rate from Stratford was 14c per
100 pounds; the Grand Trunk charge being
8c to Buffalo for 117 miles, while the Am-
erican rate was only 6c from Buffalo to New
York, four times the distance. Supposing
we had Annexation,Andethe Americans con-
trolled the London, Huron .& Bruce, alio
the old Buffalo & Lake Huron line, and the
Hamilton & Northwestern railways, as
these roads all intersect both the Grand
Trunk and the Canadian Pacific Railways at
several points, it would cause such a compe-
tition m rates that it would enhance the
value of crope to the farmers 5c to 10c per
bushel by giving us the full benefit of our
geographical position.
I notice that Sir Charles Tupper is trying
hard to persuade the English Government to
put a duty of 15c per bushel on all foreign
wheat. He im quite willing to guarantee
that Manitoba and1he Northwest is able to
furnish all they require, without increasing
the cost to the consumers. This great
stretcher seems to ignore both the laws of
supply and 'demand, as well as the Almighty
Ruler of the world. In advocating the
building of the Canadian Pacific Railway he
predicted that by the year 1890 this same
that they did not live up to what they.
knew. There was, too, a lack of thought.
They, as farmers, did not consider a number
of things that he deemed of importance.
The first thing that he thought they should
consider was the advisability of discontinu-
ing the attempt to grow wheat any longer in
this province. The reason he advised this
was because, owing to climatic changes, it
was impossible to grow it with a certain de-
gree of success. Competition, too, by reason
of facilitated Northwest supplies, had re-
duced the Profits to a mere shadow. The
average yield of wheat was from 16 to 20
bushels per acre throughout the province.
In his opinion they should enter more
largely into the growing of corn, roots, and
coarse grains, viz.: oats, peas, and barley
to feed at home on their own farms. Theo,
too, he urged them to devote their attentiOn
to the manufacture of cheese in the summer
and butter in the winter. If they did net
care to make dairying an industry they could
sucoesefully devote their attention to beef
raising and butter making. He believed
that the farmers could euccessfully raiee
sheep in almost any part of the Province
with profit and dispose of them at Buffalo
or almost anywhere else. Any of the.
branches of industry he thought could be
pursued with great success in any part Of
the Province if done intelligently. Another
great matter that he wished to bring to
their notice was that of the care of the farm.
There was an absolute necessity of a bold
and determined effort being made to
CLEAN THE FARMS EVERYWHERE
of noxious weeds. (Hear, hear.) He spoke
of this matter because he felt it keenly. The
farmers could not expect to keep their
ground in proper condition unless ploughed
more than once after harvest. A methed
which he could recommend without hesite-
tion, having tried it with success, was to
seed much to red clover and plough down
after the first crop of hay, that was plough
down the clover sod. • Red clover would re-
store nitrogen quicker than would any other
plant. They should reeist the temptation
to take off a second crop of hay, which
would have the effect of making a timothy
soil. The best means that ought to be re-
sorted to to clean the land was a more fre-
quent stirring and thorough cultivation of
soil amongst hoed crops, such as turnips,
mangolde, corn, and pOtatoes. The next
point on which he wished to address them
was the desirability, not1 to say necessity, of
testing and culling all the cows in this
Province that are kept chiefly or wholly fpr
the milk or dairy purposes. The average
cow in the Province to -day yielded about
3,000 pounds of milk per year, and a COW
that didn't give more than thet, unless it
was extraordinarily rich, was simply board-
ing at the expense of her owner. There was
a tendency, he thought, to judge cows too
much from a beef point of view at present.
Each cow ought to give from 6,000 to 7,000
pounds of good milk per year, otherwise it
did not pay her owner to keep her. At
least 31 per cent. of the milk should be fat.
There were many cows in the Province the
owners of which would do well to
come when the United States must burst the
"hell of Protection and enter into square
competition with the reat of the world. The
Democrats have taken the first step in this
direction. There need be no fear of the re-
sult, more especially if England sees fit to
cut her own throat by taxing her raw ma-
terial". The United States have any
amount of both wealth and enterprise, and
everything required, within themselves, and
having no debt and no large etanding armies
living on the industries of the country, Ruch
as they have got in Europe, she is bound to
win the fight for commercial supremacy.
Should England lose her foreign trade .he
would necessarily lose both her populstion
and her wealth, and consequently would be
no longer our market. What fooliehness to
try to force this country into partnership
with our "aged mother," who has such an
enormous national debt on her shoulders,
besides being mixed up in all the national
disputes in Europe, as well as in every other
part of the world. If she lost her trade and
was drawn into a gigantic war, her debt
would be exactly like a heavy mortgage on
a Canadian farm when its owner can not
keepnp the interest. Debt has the same
effect on nations as on individuals, and,gen-
orally result' disastrously. Such being the
case, how much safer would it be for us, as
a people, to cast in our lot with our neigh-
bors and reunite tbe 2,000,000 of our sons
and daughters, who are now in the United
States, to their own native land?
When I began writing I intended to
criticise some of the reflections you cast on
the Americans and their system of Govern-
ment, but this letter is already far too long.
Yours, etc.,
JAHNS PRINGLE.
filiriATioRD, July itnd, 1892.
(Laughter.) He had been invited to come
and speak on
I `SHEEP AS AN
ASSISTANCE TO THE APPLE
GROWER.' '
Apples were one of the most fruitful of the
harvest products of his own country or Gen-
ada. The quality of the soil feon-i which ap-
ples were grown was singularly depleted at
each harvest of apples. A great quantity of
nitrogen was extracted from the soil at each
harvesting, which was never returned to it.
He had observed the orchards as he had
journeyed here, and noticed that nine -tenths
of the fruit trees had not the healthy look
they should bear. Our orchards were
diseased, eaten up with Worms and 'meets
and covered with grass., We must restore
the fertility to our orchards, and how were
we to do it! Of course we could improve
the fertility by the use of a commercial
fertilizer, but every load of that that Was
placed on the soil was to an extent a mort-
gaging of the land. There w,as nothing 80
good for the purpose as common manure if
properly got and laid. For this purpose be
believed that the cultivation of sheep was
the best and most satisfactorymeans to at-
tain their end. If properly kept in the
orchard, the /sheep 'would keep down grass
and weeds ike here as the platform, and they
were not expensive creatures. • What with
the army worm and the borer land the cater-
pillars and the maggots! and the coddling
moths they had more to contend with than
Pilgrim ever had in hi* progress. (Laugh-
ter.) In his State, too, the leaf -roller was
worse than the log -roller 'was in politics.
(Laughter.) But the worst eneeny to con-
tendwith was the apple worm.' The only
HIT ON THE HEAD
as the expense of their feed and keep was
not equalled by the return of milk made.
Corn ensilage, he thought, was the cheapest
and best form of food either for dairy or beef
purposes. This was better than struggling
after spring or fall wheat. Another pont
that they should bear well in mind was the
great need of an intelligent and determined
effort, by farmers, to give the boys who are
going to live on the farms of this country a
chance for, at least, a fairly good education.
(Heir, hear.) At present the way it was
done was to divide the families up and give
some of the boys educations and keep the
others 011 the farms. But the eduoseed
portion of the community always would be
the rulers, end the policy was a bad one.
He would rather give the boys a little less
land and a better education. The other
difficulty was this'and it was a great diffi-
culty, and one evlaioh the educationists of
this country bad not yet solved, that was
how to get the boy back to the farm after
he had received hie education. The trouble
was tbat when some boys received their
educetion they were away from their work.
This was not the case at the Guelph College,
where the boys took their work in the col-
lege and on the farm turn about, clean and
dirty, and were thus kept in touch with it.
They thus acquired no distaste for
their calling. There was no need for
the farmers apologizing for their call-
ing. It was not necessary to wear. a
black coat and take their exercise on side-
walks to make gentlemen. (Laughter.] At
the college the pupils received efficient in-
struction in the three departments of agri-
culture, live stook and dairying. Other
departments to which they devoted much
attention were veterinary and natural
sciences, such as chemistry, geology of 'the
soil, botany and entomology. Finally, they
gave them a good sound education in Eng-
lish (not too much) and mathematics. He
hoped they would bear in mind the matters
he had referred to, as they were points on
which he was convinced reforms could be
effected. (Applause.)
ONTARIO'S MININTER OF AGRICULTURE.
The Farmers' Picnic.
The Farmers' Picnic held at Grimsby on
Thursday and Friday of hest week, under
the auspices of the Ontario Farmers' Insti-
tute was not nearly so largely attended as
was expected. Preparations were made for
about ten thousand visitors and it is safe to
say there were not half that number present
at any one time, so that in this respect the
result is disappointing. The promoters
have, however, themselves to thank largely
for the disappointment. In the first place
there was not sufficient publicity given to
the matter and thousands did not know that
anything of the kind was to take place. In
the second place the time selected was the
most busy of the year with farmers. Farmers
cannot be indnced to leve the hay field,
especially in catohy weather, even to attend
a picnic at which some of the biggest guns
in this country and the United States are
expected to speak. Those present, however,
seemed to have had an enjoyable time and
there were several very good, useful ad-
dresses.
WHAT PROFESSOR MILLS HAD TO SAY.
Professor Mills, of the Ontario Agricul-
tural College, thought the trouble with the
ferment, en with moat other people, was
way
TO DESTROY THE INSECT
was to destroy the apple immediately it
fell to the ground. A man o a pig might
not hear an apple fall to the ground in an
orchard, they might be asleep—(laughter)----
but a sheep never slept so tight but that he
could hear an apple fall. And he wteeld
immediately eat it, and he (the speaker)
could tell them that a sheepei stomach was
a bourne from which no apPle. worm ever
returned. (Laughter.) If twenty-five sheep
could not attend to an apple lorchard, they
could put at least 100 sheep into the
orchard. It was cheaper snywey than hir-
ing men. If they gave the sheep lots` of
nitrogenous food they would work for them.
If they hired one man they would have to
hire another to watch him and see that he
worked. Then they would have to hire
third man to see that the second man did
his work properly, and yet a fourth man to
see that the third man didn't go to sleep.
(Laughter.) On his farm in New York
State he had lots of sheep, and did with
them just what he was advocating, and they
were proof against the coddling moth and
the apple maggot. They ate not only all
the weeds and sprouts and fallen apples in
the orchard, but all the apples on the nese"
within reach. An estimate of the cost of
the sheep he kept showed him that the ex-
pense per sheep was just 37 cents a week.
It was much lees than it would cote to
pasture them Alone. By means of the
winter feeding of sheep he secured an abund-
ance of good manure, On his orchard he
had not ploughed for 17 years, and the
leaves on the apple trees were black and as
larfie its his hand.
Hon. John Dryden said thet rapid ad-
vance( had been made in farming methods
during the put fifty years, and better work
was now being done than at any other time.
Fifty years ago they had bet one crop to
depend upon, viz.: wheat. Now matter"
were so changed that wheat was almost the
lowest on the list of exports from Ontario.
Last year the export of wheat was less than
$1,000,000, while the export of apples was
$1,500,000, - cheese $9,500,000, and sock
$10,000,000. More advance was needed.
The highest amount of production was not
yet attained. The new fields would soon all
be taken up, and to supply the demand pro-
ducers could not seek new lands. They
would have to raise the extra on the soil
which they had. This was an age of
specialism, and in callings other than farm-
ing, trusts were formed iq order to control
the market. Farmers should contend against
this in self defence. In conclusion, Mr.
Dryden referred to the great natural re-
sources of the country, which only needed
to be developed in order that wealth could
be produced. This country, too, had the
best system of Government in the world.
On the farmers chiefly reseed the responsi-
bility of developing the resouroes of the
country, and they should elways strive to
do their duty to themselves and to the
country, so that in the end the fair name of
Canada would be lifted up on high as a
shining light to other peoples.
A YANKEE ON SHEEP.
rof. Mills—Have you any trouble With
sheep peeling the young trees?
Mr. Woodward—I find that if the sheep
get plenty of water they will not peel gpod
sized trees and by placing protecting collars
around the very young trees sufficiently
loose to admit of their growth, the difficulty
with them will be obviated.
Canada.
take the youngsters, ohild-like, were par-
alyzed with fear, and set up a loud lamenta-
tion. Rev. John Pearson, of Holy Trinity
church, Toronto, was a passenger on the
boat, and learning of the trouble collected
five dollars to pay the children's railway
fares home, and the tear -stained party got
home at midnight, tired and disgusted with
all the world.
—At the International Christian Endeav-
or Convention in New York, the banner for
" greatest absolute gain in Christian En-
deavor membership" was preeented to On-
tario.
—Mr. Keating, who was appointed city
engineer by the 'Toronto council Thursday
night, at a salary of $4,000, has declined to
accept less than $5,000. He gets $4,500 in
Duluth.
—Philip Low'Q. C., died on Friday morn-
ing at Picton. Mr. Low went to Picton in
1836. He had been Clerk of the Peace and
County -Crown Attorney for many years and
was twice mayor. .
—A profitable business, says the Orms-
town (Que.) Times, is being carried on along
the lines in the emuggling of eggs, cottons
and coal oil.
—Rev. George Robertson, B. A., who has
been pastor of the Olivet Congregational
Church, Toronto, for over five years, has re-
signed his pastorate on account of his
health, . The resigration takes effect on
July 31st.
—A party of Nebraska farmers have ar-
rived at Winnipeg to investigate the re-
sources of the Northwest, with a view to
selecting large tracts of land for fernier'
and ranchers wistfully looking in that direc-
tion.
— The woollen mills at St. Timothy, near
Valleyfield, which have been idle for some
time, have been acquired by Montreal and
St. Johns men, who are fitting the mill up
to make hoeiery.
— Twelve girls employed at the Thoneand
Island house, Kingston, went to a dance in
Rockport, and as they aid not return until
after 12 o'clock were refused admittance.
They promenaded the streets all night and
in the morning peeked their duds and left.
—The postoffice, James Anderson's store
and the office of the East Lembton Loan
Company, at Forest, were burglarized on
Thursday night last week. The robbers
secured $10 worth of stamps at the postoffice
and $12 worth of silverware at Mr. Ander-
son's store. No clue.
—Chas. R. Drake, a young man whose
parents reside in Hamilton, left Winnipeg
about four weeks ago for Hamilton, and on
Saturday his body wee found in the morgue
In Buffalo with a bullet hole through the
brain. It is thougbt he took his life while
suffering from a fit of mental aberration
—An attempt wag made on Dominion Day
to wreck a heavily laden train of excursion-
ists returning from Morden to Winnipeg. A
freight train happened along ahead of the
excursion train and I struck the obstruction,
thus saving the eichnion train from sect
-
dent.
—The Board of Baptist Missions met the
other day in Toronto. It reports 286 mis-
sionaries and 260 students in the field at the
present time. The board voted $4,500 for
pastoral support in the mission field. The
resignation of Rev. H. Ware, of Chatham,
evangelist of the board, was accepted.
—Pierce & Son, of Aylmer, hired one of
their livery horses to a commercial traveler
one day last week, who shamefully neglected
and abused the poor animal. It cost him
$50 to settle, and if a year in jail with a few
leshee had been added it would not have
been out of place.
—The Canadian Pacific Railway has is-
sued a notice to grain shippers, asking thein
to make immediate delivery of grain. On
account of the bad condition of the English
markets, shipments at Montreal have fallen
off and exporters are keeping it in elevators.
The weather has been unfavorable for keep-
• ing it and it is in danger of spoiling.
—Angus MoBain, of Galt, recently had a
narrow escape from being kicked to death.
He was driving over the small bridge on
Main.street crossing pond. His horse got
its hoof in a hole in the bridge' throw-
ing Mr. Mclean over the dashboardon the
horses' heels. The horses kicked him several
times, when a passerby ran to his assis-
tance,
—Some Toronto boys playing on the sand
hills northwest of the city, the other night,
discovered several hundred pairs of new
boots; all sorts and sizes, buried in the .and.
Some were in barrels and some loose. • They
are supposed' to be part of some bankrupt
stock fraudulently concealed. The police
have taken pcssession of the find, which
filled ten flour barrels;
—The twelfth bi-annual c.onvention of the
American Association of Instructors of the
Blind was held in Brantford lent week.
There were about 100 vieltors, of whom
more than half were delegates representing
all the principal schools for the education of
the blind' in the United States. This was
the first convention of the kind ever held in
Canada.
—Leonard Grawberger, a Yarmouth far-
mer, was bitten by a dog at St. Thomas a
week ago. The wounds were cauterized,but
before reaching home he suffered intense
pain and bad results were feared. The five
perforations in the calf of his leg have run
into one large sore, yet Dr. MoLay, of Ayl-
mer, his physician, says that there are no
symptoms of hydrophobia at present.
—Mr. B. Haekett, of Biddulpb, on Sat-
urday, had the misfortune to lose his pocket
book, containing $15.22. With the sad of a
lantern he searched half the night and found
It, but not the money. On renewing his
search next day he found the bills carefully
folded up and a stone put on top of them in-
side his gate about 200 yards from where the
pocketbook was found.
—At the Sarnia tunnel the Christian En-
deavor trains were searched by the police
and anyone who could not give en account
of himself and not a member of the society
• was put off. Three years ago thieves stole
about everything the Christian Endeavor
folks had with them,and the officers were de-
termined to prevent that this year.
—Two hundred Chinamen have arrived in
Toronto this year.
—Over $10,000 was granted at the lent
session of the Bruce County Council for the
erection of bridges.
—Mrs. Merner, wife of Hon. Senator
Merner'died at New Hamburg on Friday
1st init., in the 65 year of her age.
—George Ambridge, aged 20 years, elciped
on Tuesday, last week, from Ottawa, with
Miss Wolfe, aged 17 years.
—Meaford is to have a fruit packing es-
tablishment, and the town hat granted ex-
emption from taxes for ten years.
—Bessie, the 14 -year-old daughter of Mr.
R. Turner, of Brantford, was drowned in
the canal there on Thursday night.
—Mrs. Sutherland, an old lady of 73, met
with a terrible death in Woodstock, by tak-
ing carbolic acid for Jamaica ginger.
—The American delegates who attended
the " Blind " convention at Brantford, were
In raptures with their reception in Canada.
--A Canadian Pacific Railevey train ran
into a herd of cattle at Montreal on Friday.
Seven cars were wrecked and one man was
killed.
—A bogus clergyman, giving the nanie of
the Rev. James Kelly, of Guelph, has work-
ed a Windsor tradesman with A bogus check
for $0.
—The Baptists of the Northwest have ex-
pressed approval of the Manitoba Govern-
ment establishing a purely national system
of schools.
—The Dominion Teachers' Assoolstion
held their seeond meeting at Montreal last
week. One of the features of the proceedings
was a discussion on the scope and objects of
the High School.
Mr < G. S. Woodward, of Lockport, N.Y.,
director of the Farm Institutes of. New
York, had grown to admire the people in
Canada the more he had met them; and
why shouldn't he, and why shouldn't we
love the people in the great nation south of
us ? We Were all after the same object,
:i
the almighty greenback. (Laughter.) He
was convinced that tbe continent of orth
America would yet be inhabited by one
nation; whether it would be callethe
"United States or Canada he did not know.
—The Rev. D. G. McQueen, B. A., Mrs.
McQueen and family, of Edmonton, North-
west Territory, are now visiting their friends
in Kirkwall, near Dundee.
—Mr. A. McNeill, M. P., for North
Bruce, will leave for Ireland when the ses-
sion is ended. He will be accompanied by
his son.
—An Erin cattle buyer has shipped cat-
tle amounting to $27,000 since March last.
The cattle were principally purchased in
Erin township.
—Martin Fox, Bertonville, near Hamil-
ton, has a curiosity in the way of a wild
burdock with roees growing on it. It is
attracting the attention of many.
—Mr. Benjamin Young, one of the lumber
kings of Nova Scotia and New Brunswiok,
who latterlyssinuaresided is Nebraska, is
dead. He Was Very wealthy.
—The fine new residence just built for
Charles Langelier on the Grand Ales, Que-
bec, was sold by the sheriff Friday and
bought by Mr. Avide Picard for $8,000.
—The Rev. Sister Marie St. Francois
Xavier Montros, a nun of the Good Shep-
herd convent, Montreal, was found dead in
her bed Thursday morning last week.
—Ma Percy Wilson, of Cardiff, Wales, is
on a visit to this country, and is stopping at
Avonbank. His father he a wealthyship
owner at home, and he has come he this
country with a view to settlinghere.
—A great Farmers' picnic was held at
Grimsby Park on Thursday of last week.
The principal speakers were N. Awrey,
M. P. P., Hon. John Dryden, and Principal
Mills.
—A dozen little children who -were pit the
Hamilton Beaoh Friday with it church picnic
boarded the wrong steamer in the evening
and instead of being take u home to Hamil-
ton were soon out on the lake heeding for
Tomato. When they discovered their mi. -
The delegates, of whom many hundreds
passed through, were bright, happy -looking
young men and women.
—One day recently a prospective bride ,
and groom from Parkhill were in Strath.
roy and called at the Front Street Metho-
dist parsonage to be married. While the
ceremony was in progress the minister re-
ceived a telegram from Parkhill stating that
the lovely bride was tbe sender's wife.
The telegram later proved a hoax, but it
worked considerable indignation.
—It is officially stated that Canada will
occupy 10,000 square feet for its mineral
display at the Chicago Exposition. Half of
it is desired by Ontario Province, which in-
tends to make an extensive exhibit,including
lead, copper, iron, gold, graphite, mica,
asbestos, phosphate of Ihne, gypsum, marl,
petroleum, salt, terra cotta clay, nickel,
silvers and many varieties of marble, granite
and other building material.
—John Cleghorn, formerly of Guelph, and
for the past ten year's of New Mexico,where
he has a herd of some 1,500 goats and sheep,
has been visiting friends in Dundas. His
home is near Fort Wingate, New Mexico.
Mr. Cleghorn who formerly farmed in
Paieley block, Wellington county, says that
raising sheep is much less laborious.) work
than firming in Ontario, with greater re-
turn for the labor. There is pasture the
whole year round.
—Thamesville boasts of the largest colt of
its age in Ontario. It is owned by Hiram
Richardson, chief of -police, was foaled on
June 14, measuring when foaled 12i hands
high, girth of arms 15 inches, weighing 167i
pounds; sired by the celebrated trotting
bred stallion Almedium, owned by Nims
Brothers & Turner, Dresden • dam Jessie
Mac; Jessie Mac aired by Joh11
E."ysdyke,
first dam, Glencoe Warrior, second dam,
Lightfoot Eclipse.
—The other day the five-year-old son of
Mr. J. T. Orme., of Port Stanley, climbed
the hill. and wandered over to the edge of
the cliff overlooking the lake. His atten-
tion was attracted to the swallows' nests in
the face of the cliff, and he started to climb
down to them, The cliff is almost a sheer
precipice at this spot, and of course the lit-
tle fellow lost his footing, and fell to the
bottom'considerably over 100 feet. Strange
to say, he was not injured.
—Following are the county taxes payable
by the different municipalities in the cotinty
of Waterloo, based on the equalization
adopted at the last meeting of the County
Council: Waterloo township, $4,719; Wil-
mot, $3,505; Wellesley, $3,447 • Woolwich,
$3,163; North Dumfries, $7,2.40 ;
$2,335; Galt, $7,066; Waterloo town,
$1,049 • Preston, $177; New Hamburg,
$267; hespeler, $324; Ayr, $274; Elmira,
$190.
—A few days ago some of the residents of
Avon, in the county of Middlesex, gathered
at the home of an old couple named Cook-
wright, who have lived in that vicinity for
half a century, and spread a sumptuous re-
past, after which speeches and reminiscences
filled the afternoon. A photographer camo
on the scene and took the old couple's photo.
It was the first time the old people had their
photo taken. The old gentleman is 96 years
old and the old lady 88. They have been
married over 69 years.
—A Hamilton clothier has been trying to
get the young man Adams, who caused such
a sensation in Toronto lately, to hire with
him as an advertising attraction. The boy's
father promptly put his foot down on the
soheme, however, and would not hear of it.
Friday the " freak " called at the clothing
store and was presented with. a new suit of
clothes in return for which he willingly
consenied to have his photogrsph taken,
and the citizens will probably soon have a
chance of getting the likeness of Causda'e
champion and most phenomenal liar.
—A. little boy in Galt, by the name of
Fred Hamel, was very badly bitten by a dog
on Monday. A number of children were
playing on the street and it is said were
somewhat plaguing the dog, when it turned
on young Hamel and seized him by the leg,
biting that very badly, besides biting other
parte of the boy. The dog was drawn off
and a doctor celled, who found the wounds
on the leg simply horrible, being completely
round the leg below the knee and nearly to
the bone, from which the flesh was pertly
torn away. The gaping wounds were sewed
up and the little fellow has since done well.
—On< Saturday, 2nd inst., two brothers
named Kennedy arrived in Ayr from
Rochester, New York, in search of a
brother, who, up to a few days previously,
they supposed to have met his death by
drowning fifteen years ago. Casually hear-
ing of a Michael Kennedy at work in Ayr,
and by the description given them, believing
that he was their long lost brother, they
mime to Ontario. They arrived on Satur-
day morning and immediately proceeded to
the cooper shop of Mr. D. Goldie,Greenfield,
where they found him at work. • The meet-
ing of the brothers was very affectionate
and those who witneissed the scene were
deeply impressed at the wonderful power of
Christian affection.
—The other evening Rev. C. 0, Johnston,
in the Methodist Church, Kingston, took oo-
caaion in his sermon to contrast the political
trickster Haman with his counterpart in
Canadian polities, men who were steeped in
rascalities and bribery. The speaker took
ocossion to say that while he could not in-
dorse all that Dr. Douglas had ss.id, yet he
could heartily agree with him in his refusal
to bow the knee or to stay his voice in his
exposure and denunciation of the raecelities
committed in the name of Canadian politics.
He thanked God for the bra-ve and true
Mordecai of Methodism,
—The Acton Free Press says: Rev. J.
Ball's pastorate on Erin °intuit has closed.
These three years have been attended with
a large degree of succees and profit to all.
And judging from the increased interest
taken it would appear that the true spirit of
Christian fellowship had been deepened and
quickened, and that the labor bestowed had
not been in vain. Under Mr. Ball's vigor-
ous management the circuit has made sub-
stantial advancement in every department,
and on the whole everything in connection
therewith is on a sounder end more firm
basis than ever before. He leaves with the
prayers and good wishes of the •young and
old, that his labors in his new field may tend
to the "piritual interests of the Church and
to the glory of God.
—A lady went into the poatoffice at
Chatham a few days ago to mail a book. On
being informed that the wrapping did not
disclose the contents sufficiently, she turned
to the register at the front window and ar-
ranged the ertiole. On returning to the
wicket she declared that her purse'contain-
ing a $100 check and $10 in cub, had been
taken from the wicket desk . The post -office
authorities assured her they had eee.n
nothing of it; nevertheless she still pro-
tested as at first, went direct to the person
in whose favor the check was drawn, had
him inform the police and demand an invee-
tigation. Chief Young went down to the
postoffice, made a thorough search, with the
assistence of the clerks, and found the purse
where the thoughtless tady had dropped it
down—in the register. She was too sure to
be uf s.
—Robert Oliver King, farmer, of the
township of Brantford, will apply to Parlia-
ment next session for a bill of divorce from
his wife, Jennie Gowling, on the grounds of
adultery and desertion. James Balfour,
architect of Hamilton, will also apply for a
bill of divorce from his wife, Georgina
Cathsrine Balfour, of Hamilton, on the
ground of adultery.
—On Wednesday morning last week the
special trains carrying the Young Christian
Endeavoritee from the Western States to
New York continued to pass through Lon-
don during the early hours. The scenes at
the Grand Trunk Railway station were very
lively. Every train stopped half an
hour for lunch, and a grand rash was made
by the Endeavorites for the dining -room as
each arrived. The Union Jack and the
Stars and Stripes hung side by aide under
the veranda. The visitors would sing their
own national songs and those of Britain by
turns, generally winding up before the train
pulled out by giving three cheers for each.
This was repeatedly done during the entire
day, Dr. Leonard, United States consul,
was on hand to welcome his countrymen,
1