The Times Advocate, 2004-01-28, Page 31Wednesday, January 28, 2004
Exeter Times -Advocate
31
Personal safety at home, on the street and at work
Personal safety is a concern for all of
us. A lot can be achieved by using com-
mon sense. Be aware of your surround-
ings at all times and do not place your-
self in situations, which might jeopar-
dize your safety.
At home
• Don't unlock your door to strangers.
Learn to speak through the closed door.
It's not impolite; it is safer. Verify identi-
fication of visitors, sales and service peo-
ple. Check with the company to see if
they sent a representative. If a stranger
asks to use your phone, do not allow the
person into your home. Offer to make
the call for them.
• Install quality locks and use them.
Avoid chain locks. They present little
deterrent to an aggressive person.
• Your door should be equipped with a
door viewer.
• Don't hide keys outside. Leave them
with a trusted neighbour.
• Secure all windows. Draw window
shades or drapes after dark and don't
leave accessible windows open when
you are away or asleep.
• Don't reveal personal information to
anyone on the phone or at your door.
On the street
• Plan your route and avoid short cuts
through parks, vacant lots or unlit
areas.
• Know where the police stations or
after hours stores are located.
• Avoid being alone if you can. Get a
friend to accompany you. If they can't,
let them know the route you're taking.
Call when you arrive.
• Don't carry large sums of money or
unnecessary valuables. Use cash alter-
natives such as debit cards.
• Don't carry a purse; use waistbelts
instead.
• Don't leave purses unattended in
shopping carts or on store counters.
• If someone grabs your purse, do not
resist.
Using bank machines
• Whenever possible, use bank
machines in visible and active areas
during active periods.
• If you must use a bank machine dur-
ing inactive periods, consider using a
drive-through.
• Avoid after hours access to bank
machines where you are not visible or
cannot see into the bank machine area
prior to entering it.
• Avoid using bank machines in areas
you are unfamiliar with at night.
• If you absolutely must access a bank
machine after hours in an unfamiliar
area, consider using the buddy system
or drive around the area before you
access your cash or get out of your car.
• Avoid using a bank machine if the
door lock seems defective.
• Be prepared to start your banking as
soon as you arrive at the machine.
• Be aware of your surroundings and
always make sure that no one has the
opportunity to see you entering your pin
number or look over your shoulder.
• Don't leave anything behind.
Workplace
• Avoid isolated or deserted stairways.
• Call security or the police if you see
someone in the building you don't recog-
nize.
• If working after hours, keep all doors
and windows locked.
• Try to arrange to have a co-worker
stay with you.
• When finished working, go to your
vehicles together. Ensure the other is
safely in their vehicle and on their way
before you leave. Leave together if possi-
ble.
• If the company has security, advise
them you're working late and ask if they
can check in on you periodically.
• Advise security when you're leaving
and have them escort you to your vehi-
cle.
• If alone, contact your family or a
friend and tell them you'll be working
late and will call before you leave. Tell
them your route home.
Using elevators
•While waiting for an elevator, stand
off to the side; this gives you the oppor-
tunity to view and removes your obliga-
tion to enter if you are unsure of the
occupants. If in doubt concerning people
in an elevator, wait for the next elevator.
• If someone gets on the elevator after
you and you're not comfortable with him
or her, get off. Stand near the control
panel.
• If confronted, push all the floor but-
tons and the emergency button. Do not
push the stop button; you may get
trapped between floors.
Before entering your car
• Keep your vehicle in good repair,
including plenty of gas and maps.
• Check your vehicle's fluid levels and
tire pressure regularly.
• Obtain a "call police" sign and emer-
gency kit in the event of a break down.
• Carry an ice scraper and shovel in
your car during the winter months.
• Buy a cellular telephone and keep
the batteries charged. Consider a ciga-
rette lighter adapter to save batteries.
• Have your keys in hand so you do not
have to linger before entering your car.
• View the interior of your vehicle
before entering to ensure no one is hid-
ing inside, even if the doors were locked.
Visually check the outside as well.
In your vehicle
• Always lock your car after entering
and when leaving it.
• Keep the windows closed.
• Know your route and follow it.
• Never pick up hitchhikers.
• When parking, keep in mind what
the environment will be like when you
return.
• If possible, back into the spot for a
clearer view upon exiting.
If you're stranded
• Keep doors locked and windows
rolled up, if you open your window; only
open it to the point of breaking the seal,
no further.
• If a stranger offers to help, do not get
out of your car. Ask the person to call
for assistance or advise them the police
are on the way.
• Place a "call police" sign in the win-
dow.
• Remember 911 on a cellular tele-
phone does not give police your location.
Know where you are so emergency ser-
vices can locate you.
• Do not stop to offer help to a strand-
ed motorist. Call for assistance for them.
If you're followed
• Do not drive home. You do not want
this person to know where you live.
• If you suspect someone is following
you, drive to the nearest police station,
open service station, or drive-in restau-
rant. Stay in your vehicle and use the
horn to draw attention to yourself.
• Try to obtain the licence plate num-
ber of the vehicle following you, as well
as make, model, colour and a descrip-
tion of the driver.
Road rage
• Pay attention to your driving. Do not
drive while talking on your cell phone.
• Keep to the right when driving at the
speed limit.
• Avoid tailgating, flashing headlights
or cutting other people off.
• Switch the radio station if you're
being aggravated by what your hear.
• Use your signals and be courteous.
• If someone is acting aggressively
towards you, avoid eye contact while
driving.
• If someone approaches your vehicle
acting aggressively, drive away.
• Do not leave the relative safety of
your vehicle.
• Do not issue or respond to verbal
taunts.
• Get a description of the vehicle and
occupant(s) including licence plates.
Parking
• Always make a mental note of where
you've parked.
• If you are in a parking structure,
know where the nearest exit is and
where you intend to go before you exit
your vehicle.
•Try to walk to your vehicle in pairs.
Public transportation
• Know the schedules and sit near the
driver. During the evening hours ask
the driver to let you off near your desti-
nation as part of their request stop pro-
gram.
• Use caution in conversations with
strangers. Avoid giving your name,
address, or place of employment. Avoid
clothing or items that identity you or
your profession.
• Have someone meet you at your stop.
Drunk driving -Good news and bad news
OTTAWA - While drunk driving is still a serious prob-
lem on our roads, progress is being made. In 2000, the
number of deaths in road crashes that involved a drink-
ing dropped below 900 for the first time on record; this
is about 30 per cent of all traffic fatalities. About half of
those killed were drinking drivers. A further quarter
were passengers of drinking drivers. Recently released
statistics for 2002 show impaired driving is going down,
but is still the largest category of criminal offences:
• The rate of impaired driving incidents reported by
police was 65 per cent lower than its peak in 1981.
• The number of deaths and injuries related to
impaired driving have gone down by almost half since
1986 despite increasing numbers of drivers and vehicles.
• Impaired driving accounted for about 12 per cent of
all cases heard in court, making it the largest category of
offences (53,000 out of a tota1 452,000).
• Impaired driving also had the highest conviction rate-
-73 per cent, compared to 60 per cent for all Criminal
Code offences.
The Canada Safety Council credits the progress to sev-
eral factors: strong commitment from all stakeholders;
changing attitudes and behaviors with respect to drink-
ing and driving; effective public education and the public
awareness programs; and police enforcement. The
country's aging population is another factor in the down-
ward trend. Drivers over age 65 have the lowest rates of
impaired driving.
Socially unacceptable
Drinking and driving has become socially unaccept-
able. Police checks over the holiday season find less than
one per cent of all drivers have a blood alcohol concen-
tration (BAC) or 0.05 or higher with about one in five of
these above the criminal limit of 0.08.
High -BAC drivers (i.e. those with BACs over 0.15) rep-
resent about one per cent of the cars on the road at
night and on weekends, but nearly half of all drivers
killed at those times. Most drinking drivers fall into one
of two major categories: the young and the hardcore.
Over half of all impaired driving charges are against
drivers 19 to 24 years old. Most provinces require a zero
BAC for novice drivers. This creates a mindset among
some that obtaining a permanent licence means they are
allowed to drink and drive. Moreover, under graduated
licensing, many young drivers reach the legal drinking
age around the same time as they qualify for their per-
manent licence.
Those in the hardcore group repeatedly drive after
drinking, with BACs that are two and three times the
legal limit. Many are alcohol dependent, have previous
impaired driving convictions and have driven while sus-
pended. These individuals pose a complex and resistant
safety challenge.
Canada has no national law covering all aspects of
drinking and driving. In our federal system, different lev-
els of government are responsible for different parts of
the problem.
A national strategy
We do, however, have a national strategy. The Strategy
to Reduce Impaired Driving (STRID) is a joint initiative
by federal, provincial and territorial governments as well
as road safety organizations including the Canada Safety
Council. STRID is an initiative of the Canadian Council of
Motor Transport Administrators (CCMTA), which
receives its mandate from the Council of Ministers
Responsible for Transportation and Highway Safety.
Since it began in 1990, STRID has provided leadership in
the fight against impaired driving. Needless to say,
STRID is focusing on hardcore drinking drivers and
younger drivers.
The federal government has authority for the Criminal
Code of Canada. Impaired driving is considered a crime.
For example, driving with a BAC over 0.08 is a criminal
offence. The Constitution of Canada prevents provinces
and territories from creating offences relating directly to
BAC levels because such offences fall under the Criminal
Code.
Provinces and territories can enact laws relating to
property and civil rights. They regulate driving on
provincial roads. Through their highway acts, they use
their licensing authority to suspend drivers who exceed
provincially or federally, established BAC limits. Every
jurisdiction in Canada has enacted legislation related to
drinking and driving, short of creating offences.
Provinces impose licence suspensions for drivers con-
victed of criminal blood alcohol offences, and most
impose temporary suspensions at BACs below the crimi-
nal level of 0.08.
In most Canadian provinces it is impermissible (but not
a criminal offence) for ordinary drivers to operate or
have care or control of a motor vehicle at levels around
0.05. A recent survey found less than half of Canadians
realize there was a lower alcohol limit in their province
at which police can suspend driving privileges; only six
per cent know what that limit is.
Most common penalty
Fines were the most common penalty imposed for
impaired driving offences in 2001/02. In about 77 per
cent of cases a fine was the "most serious" sentence.
However, provincial and territorial sanctions supple-
ment the Criminal Code and often have more serious
personal consequences than a fine. The mere fact of
having a criminal conviction carries a lifelong stigma
that can limit job and travel opportunities.
Prison sentences varied considerably across the coun-
try. For instance, in Prince Edward Island, 91 per cent of
those convicted of impaired driving received a prison
sentence, compared with only four per cent in Nova
Scotia. However, provinces which imposed imprison-
ment more often also tended to use shorter sentences.
For example, in Prince Edward Island the average sen-
tence length was 17 days, while in Nova Scotia it was
182 days.
Provincial and federal sanctions are providing a well
thought-out mix of effectiveness, efficiency and severity.
However, impaired driving is a complex problem with no
simple solutions.
Canada was come a long way, but still has a long way
to go. All indications are that Canada has effective laws
in place.