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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1949-07-21, Page 7COOLING OFiF PERIOD—Pandora, baby chimpanzee at the Philadelphia ,Zoo, sneers at the thermometer while attacking the swimmer heat on two fronts. When the mercury climbed, so. did Pandora Tight up on a cake of ice. The ice cream pop also helped her keep her mind off the heat. HOW TO SOLDER The more machinery and equip- ment that is added to a farm, and snore conveniences there are in a farm home, the more necessary it becomes for a farmer to know something about soldering. So to- day I am going to pass along to you some instructions from an expert on the subject, -told in simple lan- guage. Although yoti rah 'probably do small jobs with less equipment, the following items make soldering eas- ier—flux, blowtorch, grooved brick, soldering copper, seraper file, tin - snipe. bar solder -'acrd wire solder, I p- simple jobs you can get alone with a one -quart blowtorch. Fill the fuel chamber about two- thirds full with clean gasoline throush the filler plug in bottom. Next pump air into the chamber; ten or twenty strokes will usually give enough air pressure to force gasoline out. ---- .Hold the torch so gasoline will flow into the generator cup. As soon as the cup is filled, shut the needle valve, dry your hands, and light gasoline in the generator cup. As soon as the gasoline fire goes out, open needle valve and ignite the gasoline vapor. Adjust needle valve to give a bluish flame about four inches long. Heat soldering copper by putting it on the solder- ing copper holder with the copper part in the flame. A plain brick with a grove hol- lowed Out in one face can be used for tinning copper. Melt some sol- der and resin in the groove. Then copper should be rubbed in groove. A two -pound (four pounds per pair) soldering copper will be about the right weight for most jobs. A lighter copper is easier to handle but loses heat too fast. A scraper son be made by heating an old worn-out file, bending it at right angle; about three-quarters of an inch from the end, and then sharp- ening this bent end. The most common solder, rolled "half-and-half," is composed of equal parts of lead and tin. It comes in bars, solid wire, hollow wire with :flux core, and ribbon. Bar solder is usually more economical, but for email jobs acid or paste core older is more convenient. Our of the first thins to do its soldering is to clean parts to be sol- dered. This you can do by scraping, Wing, rubbing with steel wool or emery cloth, or by using fluxes. You may have to do all foto•. When metal is heated it oxidize, rapidly. • Fel' that reason a flux is used to re - stove this oxide just at the instant ,eon solder. Soldering fluxes can be had in Liquid, powder or paste form. Pastes tee sold under various trade names, led are easy to apply and usually ,e,s messy than liquid fluxes. Muri- tti. ;tele diluted with equal parts of seetcr is satisfactory for iron s sine: bttt be careful not to get t••+ or. your pands or elothcs. /le ehioride, known as "cut s. another common, liquid fine. :11„1.'0 it by ,lis5olving piece 5, 7inr .in itiuriatit' (hydroc'!iloric) a.+,i, Vine should be added a little (: a tithe into a email. wide-mouthed bottled or porcelain dish until some of the zinc remains undissovled. Be sure to add the zinc slowly; if you don't the heat may break the dish. Adding two heaping teaspoonfuls of sal ammoniac to each pint of zinc chloride somtimes helps. For electrical work, zinc chloride should be neutralized by adding one part ammonia and one part water to each three parts of acid. Powdered resin makes a good flux for lead, tin . plate, galvanized Iron and aluminum. Tallow is a good flux for soldering lead. Do not use more flux than necessary. Be earefal not to get flux -on parts not to be soldered, as many fluxes are corrosive. A new or unused soldering cop- per will need to be tinned before using. Heat the copper to nearly red heat. Clean all sides of the copper with a file, sandpaper or scraper. Do not file more than necessary, and do not use file at all unless necessary to clean and shape the copper. Rub copper on flux or dip it in the soldering acid. Rub copper over piece of solder of rub solder on copper. If solder does not stick to the copper, melt a little solder on a tin plate and rub end of copper on tin plate with force. Alternate rub- bing on solder and dipping in flux will give the copper a coating of solder for about an inch or more front end. Wipe copper with a piece of damp waste just as soon as it Is tinned. To heat a soldering iron with a blow torch, place whole end of iron in flame. As soon as the iron is hot enough, pull it out of flame. If copper is heated too hot, tinning will melt off. If copper is too cold, solder will not flow smoothly. Right heat for the copper varies with the work. Very little heat is needed for lead or zinc. Medium heat is best 'for •iron or tin, A hot copper is used for brass or copper. When using soldering iron, hold flat face of iron, not the point, against met- al being soldered. RUNNING SEAMS: Clean sur- faces to be joined. Apply flux. Pick up solder on copper and draw cop- per down along seam. If heavy seams are being run, instead of picking up solder on copper, hold stick of solder on tip of copper near end and, as it melts, move copper along seam. To get best re- sults, seam should be hot. Heating is done as soldering copper is drawn down seam, As copper cools, handle of soldering copper should be low- ered. thus bringing more heat to the seam. '.l"he work may be smooth ed by applying more flux to sol- dered seam and passing'hot copper ieng(htti-r' over :cun. - '1`U SOLDER \\• I R ES. Clean insulation from ends of wires to be soldered and scrape end until bright. Place ends parallel to one another, Starting at middle of cleaned part, wrap ends around isieh other. wrapping one end to tate left and the other to the right. I fold hot copper under twisted part end apply flux. 'Then pick up sol- i; front solder bar with (topper and apply to twisted part until s;11 spices between wires ere filled. Ap- w Few Realize Cose, Of Train Operation • In Canada, more people travel by train than by any other transporta- tion service, and yet, only a trifling portion of those who use the rail- ways have any conception of the huge costs involved in the 'construc- tion and upkeep of these lines. Alongside the Canadian National Railways' track, runs the company's telegraph system. There are ap- proximately 36 poles to a utile, and these, along with the wire which' they support, cost an average of $800.00 per mile. A 39 -ft. rail of 100 pound weight (100 pounds for every three feet) costs $50.00. Thus, one mile brings the price up to $18,550.00. The ties, which support the rails, cost $2.34 apiece and there are approximately 2,850 ties to one mile of track. Spikes, which are used for fasten- ing the rails to the ties, are worth four cents each. There are 13,000 spikes used for every mile. These items alone bring the cost per mile to $23,770.00 without tak- ing into consideration, grading, bal- lasting, bridges, stations, signals, switches, tie plates and other ex- penditures which bring the total much higher. Nor does it include the cost of labour, upkeep. nor- the original price of the land. The Can- adian National Railways operates 24,178 miles of first line track. The upkeep of trains is also very large. For example, the C.N.R. has one traine called "The Continental Limited" which operates daily be- tween Vancouver and Torontotoo tweets Montreal and Vancouver and Toronto and Vancouver. The min- imum consist of this train is: 1 locomotive; 1 express car; 1 bag- gage car; 2 day coaches; 1 diner; 1 tourist car; 2 sleeping cars; 1 ob- servation car. Sixteen trains are needed to maintain this daily ser- vice and the cost of one such train is $1,481,800. Thus to operate only this one of its many regular ser- vices, the C.N.R. has to keep at least $23,708,800 tied up in equip- ment. Actually this sum is mucb higher because locomotives have to be changed at stated intervals and the length of the train often in- creases as cars are taken on to per- form local or connecting services. Now The Horses Are Wearing Nylons 'Wildly kicking longhorns at tate world-famous Calgary stampede this year are expected to be roped with nylon lariats. Bucking horses will wear nylon bridles and. their saddles fitted with nylon girths. This news comes from High River, Alberta, where an enterprising couple—Mr. and Mrs. Hope Hunter — have gone into the business of hand -braiding western riding equip- ment of nylon— the same stuff that goes into making those ultra -sheer hose demanded by modern Canadian women. The Hunter's stock -in -trade in- cludes lariat ropes, bridles, halters, tie -downs, breast collars, reins, belts and saddle cinches. These items are woven in a variety of colors or combination of colors. Their lariats have become highly popular with both American and Canadian rodeo ropers and are claimed to be the strongest rope in existence, yet much easier to handle than ropes of grass or man- illa. Tests have shown nylon riding equipment to be resistant against the ravages of weather, wear and tear of range work and the chemical action of horse sweat. Unlucky Number "I'd just like to know how many girls you made love to before you met nee," said the wife during a quarrel. "Twelve", groaned her husband, "but I forgot to count until it was too late." ply flux and smooth work with hot copper. Bind joints with rubber tape, then,friction tape. SOLDERING HOLES. Clean surface for some distance back from hole and apply flux. Toueh heated soldering copper to solder until some solder is pinked up by copper. Place this solder around edge of hole. Keep adding solder until hole is closed. Apply more flux and smooth work by passing hot copper over soldered hollow. SVb EATING THE JOINT. Tin both surfaces, then press together and heat until solder, which is coated over the surfaces, melts and flows out from between them. Af- ter they have been heated and press- ed t0 gather, leaye until 000l before moving. LITTLE T LE REGG I E � ,� .. h. u, •..a .,. �..�m�.�a : a , CARRY WIT PeARLS I.lAtyl x, -' Cplt i" ' -- :stlC?a ��-- tsr>ar; , POOR ENGLISH REGGIE 14 KEI r �� tlNtHA YOU DEAR sib '�1i= d Artistic Ancestors By Richard Hill Wilkinson, "1 wish," said Anne Butterworth wistfully, "I only tvislt there had been some one its our family who really did something, something worth while, something —" she smiled as she said it—"l could brag about." Fred Butterworth laid aside the morning paper, gulped down the last of his coffee, shoved hack his chair and said: "What?" Aime overlooked his rudness, "The bridge club meets here this afternoon," she said, "and I dread it. I dread it because Aggie Spen- cer and Gertrude Wilcox will mon- opolize the conversation with stories of -their ancestors. Fred scratched his chin and cote templated the wistful look in his wife's eyes. Suddenly lee banged the table. "By George, l'd almost forgotten it! Darned if 1 hadn't. You sit here a minute, sweet, tel I rummage around in the attic, I'll give you something to brag about!" Later he returned with a book. "But what is it?" asked Aisne. "It's a book of poetry, that's what it is! Written by my mother and published 20 years ago. There's talent in my fancily, I'll have you know." Aime's eyes lighted, then glowed with sudden joy. "Fred! you dear! Is it really? Was your mother really a poet? Oh, why didn't you tell me before! It's just too excit- ing!" Fred grinned -delightedly. En - route to the station he began to smile. And by the time he had boarded the 8:15 the senile had de- veloped into an occasional chuckle. Torn Cooke, who usually sat with Fred during the short run to the city, became curious. "Say, what's eating you this morning? Let a pian in on it if you've got something that'll fetch a laugh these dull days." Fred laughed outright. "I'll tell you, 'lout. It's too good to keep. But don't on your life breathe a word. It would kill Aime." 'route made solemn promises and cocked his ear. "Well," said Fred, "'robe teas upset this morning be- cause she didn't have anything to brag about at her bridge club. The other members, it seems, have ar- tistic ancestors. It made Aime feel bad to think she married into such an uninteresting fancily, so I dug into an old trunk and produced a book of poems that mother pub- lished 20 years ago, and told her to brag about that." "How'd you come out?" Tom asked. "What did Aime say?" 'l'o,u looked puzzled. "What's wrong tvtth that? I'd say a mother- in-law poet was O.K." "But here's the rub," Fred grin- ned. "That book of poems is at old manuscript that belonged to my grandmother. After grandmother died, mother found the `script, thought the poems were worthy of publication, added a few of her own choice verses, and submitted the retyped copy to a publisher. Mr. Publisher ate the stuff up. "Mother was thrilled. She thought she must have real talent, and went down to the library to study up and read the masters. While per- using a volume of Walt Whitman site discovered some of the very poems that her mother had sup- posedly written. "Of course, mother immediately wired the publislher, advising him ru Come ttiattntaetut'ie( tete and explaining tical l'.er nt• a ec must have copied some of her tae vorite Whitman 'poems, in order es) save them. But Mr. Publisher ;hid already printed about 2000. copies, which were ready for distribution. Mother bought up the edition and destroyed all but one, which she kept for sentimental reasons. That one is the hook 1 gave Aisne this morning." Tom Cooke arrived at the station a few minutes early the next morts-- ing and when he saw the grinning countenance of Fred Butterworth coming down the street, he went eagerly to meet hint. THE END What's New At The 1949 C. .Ea li your club or group would like act outing at this year's Exhibition with free admittance to the grounds, a meal as guests of the Women's Division and a chance to win $100, then this news is for you! The "How Well Do _You Know Canada?" contest to take piece September 9, is open to as many groups of three as your club can round up. In this competition they will be asked questions like, "What is tate population of our newest pro- vince?" "What is the population of the Dominion?" and "Nant' the 3 last Governor -Generals,' Judges will be a panel of outstand- ing Canadians. There is no entry fee. But your entries must be in to the Women's Director, C.N.E., Toronto by Aug.. test 15th. Second prize is $75 and third, $50. Going over the accounts one eve- ning, the young husband said re- proachfully, "Look, dear, the bank just returned your check." The bride beamed. "Isn't that wonderful, darling! What'll we buy this time?" 'Seeseelseic,::,; BLACK Al) GALVANIZED. SATITABLE FOR BALING. FENCE REPAIRS, 'VINEYARDS AND GENERAL. FARtI LTR&: WRITF:— PA K R BROS., LTD" 186 Ferguson A'. Norte, HAMILTON, ONT. 7-9MA rt yo ES M i YOR "EDDIE" SARGElliir of Owen Sound, Ont. onathoa !ds way Fido burafatt Realizing that his neighbouta was trapped in the blazing houseR Mayor Sargent, 33, climbed onto a porch roof and smashed a wino dow with his fist. The blast oil heat was so terrific that he watt knocked to the ground. Entering the back door he saw his neigh - bout on the floor. He tried to drag him out but twice the heat drove him back. On his third try he was successful in getting the man out, We salute the courage of Mayn't/ Sargent, of Owen Sound throug ; the presentation o£ The Down Award. I. An all-round athlete, Mayor Sargent was determits- ed to rescue his trapped neighbour. Climbing to the porch roof, he smashed the window with his fist. 3. After being driven back twice by the intense heat end smoke, the courageous Mayor finally managed to drag the victim from the burning house, pow BREWERY lAstesiAteesesse The blast from the broken window was so ter { et it knocked the young Mayor aff Hitt porch c Picking himself up, hedecided totry the bacieentr&0 3 WOKE ME DOW n AW. Jitlo da a citi�gqit r preeentadfor nets of ottlaeKiF,et! Fktrodsm and fete as a 4000 nada &wings Bond. Thertit7or0 Award Gbvnrntttet. a $roup of hors of leading Canadianfait 3 teopapers er orla eoinnero front r•ecommendattons made 6.40 kMdtonaldp known news organisation. MONTREAL hidO"f'1• ING i0 G= ANYWAY !„'A dDo r1IAVE sgA errAywG TO ANYWAY 'i---, By Margarita WELL GEE — IF SHE AIN'T NOTHING TO DO WHY DDldiT SIDE TAKE rr UP HERSELF? ' 1 e;,