Zurich Herald, 1952-05-15, Page 7This Was World's
First. Postage Stamp
Prior to 1840 the carriage of
letters for private persons and
firms was an expensive. matter ---
:rates having been based upon dis-
tance and weight -and most mail
, took the forme of folded sheets of
letter -paper with a wax seal on
the back.
Agitation for. Universal Penny
Postage was successful in 1840,
and, within six days after the act
providing for a reduced and uni-
form rate of postage in Great
Britain was set up, an advertise-
ment seeking a "stamp" design
appeared in the London Times.
Designs submitted were not con-
sidered satisfactory, and Sir Row-
land Hill -appointed to the Trea-
sury to assist in preparations to
put penny postage into effect -
went to a firm named Perkins,
Bacon and Fetch. This firm pre-
pared an engraved die of a head of
'Queen Victoria, facing left, as taken
from the "Guildhall" medal by
William Wyon. The drawing for
the head was done by Henry Cor-
bould and the engraving of the
:stamp die was the work of either
•Charles Heath or his son, Fred-
erick.
The first die proving unsatis-
factory, a second one was made,
and the various process leading up
to the accepted stamp design went
on apace. Black was selected as the
color for the Id (one penny) value
accounting for its familiar name of
"Penny Black,'and blue was
selected fo rthe companion 2d de-
nomination .. .
The one great problem facing
postal clerks was that the stamps
did not have perforations or a
means of separating there cleanly
and easily. Scissors, knives and any
form of straight -edged tool were
used, many times with unfortunate
effect, and it was not long before
a perforating device, proposed by
Henry Archer was adopted.
In a sense, this "Penny Black"
affected all future British stamp
issues. Being the world's first post-
age stamp, and a British invention,
it did not occur to the authorities
to put the name of he country on
it. To his day British stamps do
not have the name of the country
of origin -although naturally .the
British Colonial issues do.. ,
Other countries, also aware of the
need of such a means of denoting
the prepayment of postage, were
quickly to follow the innovation of
the British In all some ninety
countries, colonies or other govern-
mental units had followed Britain's
lead by issuing postage stamps in
the first twenty years -1840 to
1860.
Officially th'e United States was
seventh on the list, with its re-
gular 5 -cent and 10 -cent stamps of
1847; but unofficially it was second,
for there was a private letter post
operated in New York by Alex-
ander M. Grieg and Henry Thomas
Windsor. This was known as the
City Despatch Post and commenc-
ed operations Jan. 1, 1842, with its
own stamps.
The practical use of these first
stamps, and other private and semi-
official stamps which followed, was
a motivating factor in persuading
Congress to authorize the issuance
of regular stamps - From "Fell's
Profitable Stamp Guide," by
Franklin R. Bruns, Jr-.
Aluminum Ships
At Wallsend -on -Tyne, England,
the yards are building aluminum
ships. A 60 -foot launch made of
aluminum for the Pakistan Govern-
ment weighs about one-quarter as
much as a similar vessel built of
the usual materials and use only
half the horsepower for the same
speed. Many barges have been
built of aluminum for service in the
tropics. They carry more cargo
than would ordinarily be possible
in shallow waterways.
Give your eggs a soft ride to
town if you want top dollars for
them. That's the advice handed
out by a famous expert.
* * *
Here's what happened when
three different lots of cased eggs
were hauled over the same four
'miles of rough roads:
* * *
Those in a sedan came through
without damage.
✓ * *
Those hauled in the front of a
truck showed that a dozen per
case (30 dozen) had developed
tremulous air cells.
* * *
But those hauled in the back of
the truck! Half a dozen per case
were broken; eight per case were
cracked; and 76 -or more than six
dozen -suffered tremulous air cells.
One out of every four eggs was
-damaged in one way or another!
* *
If you're stripping 'hatching eggs
and getting docked for low hatch-
ability, some research by scientists
gets right down to your pocket-
book level.
* * *
They've been trying to find out
whether you can candle eggs and
find out what their chances of
hatching are.
• * *
They've discovered eiglit "ab-
normalities" that can cut your
hatch 'way down. These are cracks;
•poor shells (either thin or rough
shells, and all over or just ill
spots); blood spots; misplaced air
cells; loose air cells; oversize (2,3
ounces or larger); undersize (1.6
ounces or smaller).
The scientists set .1,400 eggs
that had one or another of these
defects (only one defect per egg)
and got a 45% hatch, against a
72%e hatch for normal eggs.
* * *
Most common defects were
cracks, misplaced air cells, and
oversize. But undersize eggs were
the worst offenders. Less than half
of them (only 39%) were fertile
to begin with,
v: * *
Plenty of eggs .. . on a small
amount of feed . plus a good
market carcass. Frank Moses has
a White Leghorn -Barred Rock
cross that isgiving him all that.
*
Moses mated White Leghorn
roosters to Barred Rock hens to
make his cross. He got both breeds
from flocks bred for high produc-
tion.
SALLY'S SALLIES
SILENCE
'.,r ,v.l KinAi,�• J
'Our flexible mike, Senator, is
especially designed for states-
men."
BY •
HARM!)
ARNETT
READING ING W,11 -100T' YOUR of A$S S N AN
EMM GENCY CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED SY CROOKING
"THE PINGGR AS SI-r(Wni, MD .READING 1H UGH
"ME 01- , WI=IICI-1 MAGNIr'1 s 'ThE PRINT,
Self -Help Gadget -Mrs. Pearl McMullen, suffering with rheumatoid
arthritis, delightedly demonstrates usefulness of long -handled
comb. With this self-help gadget, patients whose hands, arms
and shoulders are stiffened can look after their own hair where
formerly they were dependent on others. Many other self-help
devices of this nature are being demonstrated by the Canadian
Arthritis and Rheumatism Society, to help rehabilitate patients
and restore morale. Society is campaigning this month for funds
to carry on its work.
lie's been getting 85 to 90 eggs
a day per 100 birds since they hit
their stride. They eat 28/ pounds
of feed per 100 birds per day -
about 10 pounds' a day less than
heavier birds would eat.
•* * *
When he culls his hens, they
weigh 5 to 5/ pounds - a weight
that brings top fowl prices.
* * *
The birds lay tinted
That's no handicap where
sells his eggs, although it
be in other places.
t: * *
"Just like peas in a pod."
Folks like a lot of things that
way - no difference from,,one to
another, or from week to week.
* * *
Walter A. Moore, who runs the
Hollywood Poultry Farm aims to
give his customers' eggs just like
that.
But some eggs come dirty.
Clean 'en and they look shiny. And
everybody knows a fresh eggs has
a dull finish to its shell.
* * *
eggs.
Moses
might
Well - not quite everybody.
Moore shines all his eggs to get
that "peas -in -a -pod" look to then.
Result: his customers won't take
anything else. So far as they're
concerned, the shinier the egg, the
fresher it is.
Great Act
Bobby Clark, one of the greatest
comedians of our time, would like
to revive the lion act he did in
burlesque with his old partner Mc-
Cullough. It is a project that should
be encouraged, if necessary, by a
special grant front Congress.
The manager of a side-show
offered Clark a dollar to wrestle
with a lion. 'When Clark demurred
the manager assured bier, "Our
real lion has escaped. This fellow
(McCullough) will wear a lion skin
and the suckers will never know the
difference." Clark, of course, perk-
ed up at once when he heard this.
And the real lion, of course, walk-
ed into the cage behind his back
while he told the audience what he
was going to do to the "Icing of
beasts."
The next ten minutes provided
more belly laughs than any other
act of its Lind. Clark whacked
the lion with his cane, kicked it in
the rump, played leap frog with it,
and waved a flashlight in its eyes.
When the lion roared, he would
cry, "That's great! You sure are
fooling the audience." Occasionally
he'd sniff and declare, "What a
performance! You even smell like
a lion."
For the pay-off, the lion would
start chasing Clark around the
cage. The manager yelled, "Hey,
I've been trying to tell youl That's
the real lion in there with you!"
Clark's final speech was, "This. is
a hell of a time to tell mei"
HELPFUL
Ilka Chase tells of the day she
was taken to Long Island by Mrs.
Theodore Roosevelt, wife of th'e
late General. The General had been
briefed to meet the ladies at the
Syosset station, but just before
they reached it, they discovered the
train was not scheduled to stop
there. They proved equal to the
emergency. As the train tootled
by the station, they tossed a has-
tily scribbled note to the startled
General. He ran out on the track
to retrieve it. It was most help-
ful. It read, "This train does not
stop at Syosset."
ADHESIVE
A new British adhesive can be
used as a cold solder for aluminum
and other metals and to join china,
,glass, enamel -ware, leather, plas-
tics, tiles and wood together. The
new adhesive is transparent, water-
proof, acid -proof and heat -proof.
It can be smoothed down with
sandpaper, filed, chiselled or plan-
ed.
EN
v�«
e.1t J~ t JkE"r. Gard.or.. srattk.
Where Space Short
Where space is limited one does
not go in for big, bushy vegetables
like potatoes, or for sprawly pump-
kins which cover so much room. It
is best to concentrate on those
things which grow quickly and yield
heavily in family meals and take up
a minimum of space. In this cate-
gory come lettuce, onions, radish,
beets, carrots, beans, staked toma-
toes, one or two bills of cucumbers
and, mostly because you can't hope
to buy them really fresh, a few rows
of small type garden peas. One can
get a little extra production by
alternating rows of late and early .
kinds of vegetables, by planting thr•
staked tomatoes around the edge of
the garden.
Practically all vegetables like fine,
rich soil, frequent cultivation, a little
commercial fertilizer to push growth
and also watering when the weather
is dry. To permit uniform develop-
ment they should be thinned. The
real secret of tender vegetables is to
keep them growing quickly, to use
just when they hit their best. For
most of then the season can be
extended substantially by making a
succession of sowings at two week
intervals.
Commonest Mistakes
The two commonest mistakes
of gardening are too thick and too
deep in sowing flower and vegetable
seed. One should remember that all
these things require room, even tiny
things like alyssum or radish or
onions.
With big things like peas, beans,
etc., it is not hard to space as we
plant, but with tiny seeds it is more
difficult and after the plants come
up they should Le thinned. To
spread very small seed more evenly
some experts mix with a little sand
or fine soil and sow the mixture.
The general rule for depth is three
times the diameter. Now that does
not mean getting out a ruler or
calipers. It simply suggests that fine
seed such as that of onion, poppy,
portulaca and carrots should be
merely pressed into the soil, large
seed like beans and peas or corn
covered about an inch, still larger
such as potatoes and gladioli, three
to six inches. If planted too deep,
the tiny seed especially may not
germinate at all.
A Few Early Rows .
For the main plantings of vege-
tables it is not advisable to start
too soon. With tender things little is
to be gained by planting until both
the soil and air have started to turn
wane and spring has really arrived.
But this advice, of course, does not
apply to very hardy flowers and
vegetables nor to most nursery
stock, grass seed, etc. And it dote
not apply rigidly to a few extra early
rows of almost anything in the
vegetable linea
If these come along and escape
the frost one gets a good deal of
satisfaction in boasting to the neigh.
bors. If they don't come, well one
is out only a few cents worth of
seed and in an hour's healthy exer-
cise.
xeccise. Just as soon as the ground, is
fit to work, one can take a chance
on a few feet of lettuce, some radish,
carrots, onions. spinach, and such
things. Even a few hills of potatoes
may be planted. Main plantings,
however, of vegetables and flowers
should wait until practically all
danger of frost has passed.
UNDAY SCIIOOL
JJSSON
By Rev. R. B Warren, B.A., B.D.
Conserving The Family Heritage
Exodus 20:12, Mar 7:9-13; John
19:25-27.
Memory Selection: Honor thy
father and thy mother: that thy
days may be long upon the land
which the Lord thy God giveth
thee. Exodus 20:12.
At the convention of the Ontario
Educational Association held in
Toronto during the Easter holidays
repeated reference was made to the
fact that parents are failing to
teach their children obedience. This
increases the problems of the
teaclte•-s. The child who doesn't
honor his parents may readily come
to resent his teacher's requirement
of obedience. In some cases it
goes farther and the grown child
goes out to defy the nation's laws.
Then it is called "juvenile delin-
quency" but it would be more pro-
perly called "parental delinquency."
The command of the memory
verse is to the children. But par-
ents have a responsibility in living
so as to merit that honour. If the
child wakes up to see his mother
carried in in a drunken stupor while
the baby-sitter prepares to leave,
-well, it will be harder for him to
honor his mother.
The national tragedy of divorce
is but a sympton of a greater na-
tional tragedy -the increasing dis-
integration and disorganization of
family life. The broken family is
not the result of divorce; divorce is
the result of the broken family. A
report from a midwestern city in
the U.S showed that in the last
8000 divorces cases tried there, the
spouses had already been separated
an average of well over two years
before coming into court to get
their divorces.
Jesus set us an example of obe-
dience and of consideration for his
mother. While on the cross he
arranged for his beloved John to
care for his mother.
ONTARIO FISHING REGULATIONS FOR 1952
FISH OPEN SEASON LIMIT MIN. LENGTH
AREA
BLACK BASS
1. Jul 1 -Oct. 15 6per day10
July
2. June 25 -Dec. 15 6 per day
3. July 1 -Dec, 15 6 per day
inches
10 inches
10 inches
1. All province, except as listed under 2 and 3.
2. River St. Clair, Lake St. Clair and Detroit River. Part
of Area A on map.
3. Lake Erie and Niagara River above falls. Part of
Area A on map.
MASKINONGE
1, July 1 -Oct. 1 14 per season
2 per day
2. June 25 -Dec. 15 2 per day
14 per season
3. July 1 -Dec. 15 2 per clay
14 per season
4. June 20 -Oct. 1 2 per day
14 per season
30 inches
30 inches
30 inches
30 inches
1. All province, except as listed under 2, 3 and4.
2. River St. Clair, Lake St. Clair and Detroit River.
Part of Area A on map.
3. Lake Erie and Niagara River above falls. Part of
Area A on map.
4. North and westofFrench nand omMattawa Rivers and
Nipissing.
SPECKLED TROUT
1. May 1 -Sept. 15 15 per day
or 10 lbs.
2. May 1 -Sept, 15 10 per day
or 5 lbs.
7 inches
7 inches
1. All province except 2.
2. Norfolk County.
RAINBOW, BROWN, AURORA and
KAMLOOPS TROUT
1. May 1 -Sept. 15 5 per day
7 inches
1. All province.
.--.-
1. Great Lakes except Bay of Quinte. Area B on map.
2. South of French and Mattawa Rivers and Lake
Nipissing (all inclusive). Area C on map.
and Mattawa Rivers and
3. North and West A' t reUnchh1rmap,
Area
L4. St.ake sLawrence River.
5. Lake St. Frances.
YELLOW PICKEREL
1. All year 6 per day
2. May 15 -Dec. 31 6 per day
3. May 15 -Apr. 14 6 per day
4. May 1 -March 1 6 per day
5. May 15 -Nov. 15 6 per clay
13 inches
13 inches
13 inches
13 inches
13 inches
1. Great Lakes and north and west of French and
Mattawa Rivers, and Lake Nipissing. Argas B and D
on map.
2. South ctf French and Mattawa Rivers, and lake
Nipissing (all inclusive). Area C on map.
3. 56 Lawrence River.
4. Lake St. Francis.
PIKE
1. All year 6 per day
2. May 12 -Mar. 31 6 per day
3. April 28 -Mar. 1 6 per day
4. May 12 -Nov. 15 6 per day
none
none
none
none
LAKE TROUT
1. All year 5 per day
2. Nov. 6 -Oct 5 5 per day
3, May 1 ._ Oct. 5 5 pot day
4. All year 5 per day
nope
none
none
none
1. Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River. Area 5 on map.
2. South of French and Mattawa Rivers and Lake
Nipissing. Area C on map. Except 3,
3. County of Haliburton and that portion of country of
Hastings north and including townships of Cashel,
Limerick and Wollaston.
4. North of listing 2. Area 0 on map.