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Zurich Herald, 1951-02-01, Page 7ut ls: l Plan To Drain. The Mediterranean Sea Berman experts have made a filet based on a plan for uniting the land masses of Europe and Africa by controlling the water level of the Mediterranean Sea, The plan was firet developed by German architect Soergel before the tear, and it was one of Hitler's boasts that if he defeated the Allies he would change the face of the earth by using- it. At the film's first showing in Munich recently Soergel said the project would create a new contin- ent The artificial lowering of the Mediteranean would enable some half a million square miles of fertile land to be reclaimed from the sea. To bring this about Soergel would build a mighty dant across the Straits of Gibraltar and keep out the Atlantic Ocean, which sweeps in at the rate of 100,000 cubic yards of water every second. He is said to have proved mathe- matically that once the water supply from the Atlantic is cut off the Mediterranean will disappear at the rate of about 5 feet 2 inches a year by evaporation. His Atlantic Darn would arch ,out into the ocean across the Straits of Gibraltar. it would be 500 yards thick at Ls base on- the sea-bed, and taper gradually to 50 yards at the top to withstand the tremendous pressure of water. No flood -gates would be provided, Obsolete Ports The advantages might be great, since the draining of the Mediter- ranean Sea, as it is now, would pro- vide e vast new land area in an over -crowded Europe. Seaports would become obsolete all round the present Mediterranean coast, but the new land would com- pensate for these losses. Soergel points out that it would not be possible to drain comple.ely the entire Mediterranean basin. To do this another dam across the Dardanelles would be needed, and four big rivers which empty into the Mediterranean -- the Ebro, Rhine, Po, and the Nile—would have to be diverted. If this project ever materialized, scientists say it would result in a change of climate favourable to Northern Europe and especially to the British Isles, because the Gulf Stream would be rendered much more effective. At present this warming current, which flows across the Atlantic to British shores, is cooled by cold water which flows deep through the Straits of Gibraltar into the Atlantic. Experiments have shown that despite the• considerable inward flow of Atlantic water into the Me- diterranean there is at the bottom a counter current of extremely cold ., water, which not only cools the Gulf Stream but diverts its course and prevents it reaching the contin- ent of Europe directly. Trains On Sausages The council in Tipton, England, is laying out a public garden—to be known as the Jack Holden Garden —to commemorate the: running rec- ords of forty-three-year-old Jack Holdett, who, last August, won the European Marathon at Brussels. When Jack lost his shoes during the Empire Games Marathon last ]February, his feet; hardened by a quarter of a century's running, sus- tained hint. Sausages made by a firm for whom he is head groundsman are usually part of his training diet. He also thrives on hipbone steak and raw eggs, and was seen to finish a marathon of twenty-six miles showing not the least sign of distress. Holden is 5 ft. 5 in. Tall and weighs about 140 pounds. He was a foundry worker at thirteen and has since won events over every distance from. one mile to thirty miles, Many think him superior in many* ways to the great Nurmi. right P1 idi )3i ZONA IMES S LAUD, which may be found everywhere these day9s, from a child's hair bow to a man's runner jacket, Inas invaded the boudoir with a bang. Bright, bold colors and forceful patterns give a xew look to rooms that once bespoke a rather timid femininity in pale pinks and blues. If your daughter's a teen-ager, chances are she's mar about plaid, and would happily repeat the tartan of her favorite skirt all over her room. This being the case, let gaiety prevail and go all-out with )hatching coverlet, petticoat and pillow sham for her bed. And repeat the pattern in ruffled draperies. The effect is as lively as a football rally.. Perhaps you, too, feel your bedroom could use a bit of vibrant pattern. Your husband in particular should he pleased with a change. Few men find lacy ruffles to their taste. An eye-catching effect is achieved when you adorn your bed with a plaid petticoat, a harmonizing coverlet in a solid color, and a plaid bolster. Leave your draperies plain to tone in with this more subtle combination. e This dancing plaid bedroom ensemble, made of sewn, tailored and ruffled cotton taffeta, should bring gaiety to any room" The staccato plaid set includes petticoat, cover- let, pillow sham, curtains and valance. Just who Richard D. Rosier hap- pens to be I do not know. But recently a friend sent me a clipping of an article by that gentleman which was so interesting that I am going to quote it almost in its entirety. Mr. Resler writes like a man who knows what's what; and although what he says refers spe- cifically to conditions in the United States middle West, there's plenty of food for thought for folks here in Ontario as well. * ,t Is farming a one-man job? Can one man farm alone and 'do the hest job, even with plenty of labor saving devices? * "4 I believe not. Farming is a two- man proposition because a two -than farm can be made snore profitable than a one-man farm. Two men can supply 24 months labor each year, while one man is tied down 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Consider also how conveniently two men can share their farm by taking turns going on vacations, working together, caring for extra livestock in the winter and sharing field work in the summer and fall, Also, if one man is injured or is ill the other can take over tempor- arily without loss of time and the expense involved in hiring help.• e * One farmer in Iowa stated that he had more money invested in machinery than in land: A check of 300 Iowa farms over a period of 14 years,. from 1932 to 1946, proved that while the acreage in crops, and the number of livestock on farms has scarcely changed, three months of manpower was replaced by $1,200 worth of machinery. With- out a doubt, hired men do not cost $400 a month, to say nothing of the advantages of a two-man partnership in saving machinery cost. A North Dakota farmer was wor- ried over a $20 an acre investment in machinery. He farmed 1,200 acres with a total investment of $24,000 worth of machinery. How far can we go as a matter of good business, in investing in equipment to replace labor? Power machinery cost per crop acre on Northern Illinois farms, in 1945, averaged $9,65 an acre, one-half again higher SA -1° OIL BURNER LINE & tRTiIW - via FROM USED TO FUEL; OIL LINE THROUGH WHICH WIRE WILL NOT PASS ECAUSE OF BENDS.USE SHOT OF 6I71THN►T WILL than before the war. These costs are almost imposible to cut because your money is already invested. k r * Now the question arises: What • to •do? I have mentioned the advan- tages of a two-man farm. Since the ; money is already invested you must up production -per -acre to cut down large over -head costs. By adding extra help to care for additional • livestock, such as dairy cows, feed -,7' er cattle, more brood sows, and thee;:it feeding of all grain produced QI ..f. your farm, you will increase the:.;' productivity of your farm, over period of years. This is an endles cycle of feeding. livestock to act ;,- fertility to the soil to produce more; feed for more livestock. * Let us-asseinte that wee are going to have a two -ratan farm. We come • to the problem of securing this second man. I present the first choice for every farmer, his son or sons. In case he has no sons, maybe someone else's son might be interested. In Illinois, in 1940, 35% of the farm operators were over 55, whereas in 1920 only 24% were beyond that age. Also we find that each year three out of every five boys are "pushed off the land." That is, for every five boys 18 years of age, only two farm posi- tions were vacated. These boys must find work elsewhere. In the past half century the excess young men from farm have been absorbed by industry and professions. This s. shift from country to the city can he expected to continue. * . I wish to call your attention to the advantage- and qualifications of a father -son partnership. This is ane of the best opportunities to make a two-man farm. The boy, however, must be inter- ested and qualified. Young men with experience, training, even tem- perament, good health, and educa- tion are needed. A boy handicap- ped in any way that might hinder his farm work may be better off its town. Boys not interested in farming or whose wives do not care for the country way of life are better off in another occupation. One of 'the best ways for boys to get started, and also something for fathers to look forward to, is the progress of the sons in 4-11 and F.F.A. activities. A small project started at an early age and en•• larged through the years into a well rounded farming program which supplies a suitable income, is a good sign of an interested boy, a good manager, and probably a good partner. All these points should be considered before a boy is chosen to snake up a father -son partnership, k * Next you mast consider the pro- visions of the partnership, Living quarters should be provided, The business horst be large enough to furnish both partners sufficient in- come. The size of the farm is not the important factor because man- agement overcomes size. * * Shares in. the profit should be determined ley the amount of each person's contribution. .Adjustments must be made from time to time enlarging the son's investment until he reaches an equal base with his father. This is done as the son matures and helps to keep the partnership running smoothly. * ,k * Good management is important to the success of the farm, and it should be shared equally by both partners. In order for the farm business to °'make money, crops must produce high yields, animals must do well, and machinery must be efficiently used. Records must ' be accurately kept and the partner- ship should be in writing to pre- vent misunderstanding, to support income tax returns, to make it ,completely business -like, and legally binding to both parties. * The actual method or agreement made between father and son will vary from case to case. There are three basic ways to form such a 'partnership and 1 shall present them to you. Remember, each part- ' nership will depend on. capital in- vestment, capital accumulated, la- bor involved, size of enterprise, and the number of members in the partnership, * In tate first plan the son furnished only his labor and his share of the management. Annual settlement is made on a cash and inventory basis. '5 * * The second plan is similar ex- cept annual settlement is made on a cash income and disbursement basis, with change in inventory con- sidered only in final settlement. •:k :t * The third and best plan for a son with some capital and overhead is for the son to furnish one-half of the operating capital plus his own labor and his share of the management. Each party is paid for his contributions. Here are three plans which have been tried and proven successful in our com- munity. * * e Whether you live on a farm or in the city, you shot :d be inter- ested in developing father -son partnerships because of effects it may have on our food supply and economic conditions in our country. * ,g * Ido those of you who farm be - live that your farm is producing at the height of productivity? Can not the machinery costs per farm acre he out by two men? Add more livestock and start the endless cycle to build up ;your farm. Keep • the other man busy helping with extra chores its winter, crop planting its the spring, and helping with the harvest in the fall, with enough time in the. summer for both men to take deserved vacations. I think that you, too, will Lind farthing costs per acre going down while farm profits rise. New Test For Cancer Soon after Dr. John J. '.Bittner, discovered that cancer -susceptible mouse mothers transmit to their young what is probably a virus that produces cancer of the breast in middle life, specialists in cancer research have speculated if a similar virus or "milk factor" accounts for cancer of the breast in women. Dr. Bittner experimented with in- bred mice of known ancestry, but .there is no corresponding material on which to base trustworthy con- clusions that apply to human be- ings. Most of us do not know who our great -great-grandparents were, whereas Bittner knew the genealo- • gies of his pure, inbred mice for a hundred generations and more: With the aid of the electron mi- croscope, minute spherical particles can be seen in samples of milk ob- tained from nursing mice known to carry the virus or milk factor. Simi- lar spherical particles have also been found in cancer cells or cancer - cell extracts. On the other hand, milk obtained from female mice that are highly resistant to breast cancer shows very few such parti- cles or none at all, These recent discoveries support the view that the milk factor is indeed virus,. Milk Tests on Women' Drs. Ludwik Gross, Albert E. Gessler and Kenneth S. McCarty thought it would be a good idea to examine human milk with the elec- tron microscope to discover if it also contained these possibly tell- tale spherical particles. Young, healthy women who bad been de- livered of babies within a week of the milk test and who were nursing at the time were questioned as to the occurrence of cancer in their families. Ten milk samples were collected from women whose sisters, mothers or grandmothers had breast cancer, and thirty - two control samples from women with fancily histories that were negative for malignant tumors, for at least two generations. Examined with the electron mi. croscgpe, the ten samples of milk from young mothers whose sisters, mothers or grandmothers had breast cancer contained spherical particles similar to those found in cancer - susceptible mouse mothers, Of the thirty-two control milk samples from women who had seemingly clear fancily histories, eleven contained the suspicious spherical particles. In the rc7nain- ing twenty-one samples only oc- casional, isolated single particles were found in seventeen. The other four samples appeared free from spherical particles, but they did con- tain some unidentified debris. Does this study prove that human milk contains the breast-cancer- producting virus or milk factor? No such conclusion is justified, and Drs, Gross, Gessler and McCarty say so in reporting on their experi- ments. Sound conclusions can be reached only when the nature of the spherical particles discovered in humanmilk is known. Deepest Spot In Any Ocean According to the latest findings of American scientists the greatest depth of the oceans is not the Ent - den Deep originally estintated at 5,900 fathoms or 35,400 feet) but a point 45 utiles north of th•s along the Mindanao "trench". This trench which stretches 450 miles wide and along it are the greatest sea depths in the world. The Emden Deep was discov- ered by offfficers of the German cruiser "Emden" in 1929 by means qq soundings. Since then deep-sea soending apparatus has been greatly im- miles under the ocean east of the Phillipine Islands, is three to six proved, and latest measuiPetnents indicate that the German figure of 35,400 was on the generous side. American scientists say the cor- rect depth of the Emden Deep is only 33,192 feet as compared with the 34,300 (nearly 6,•!1 utiles) of the newly discovered- point which has been named the Cape Johnson Deep after the name of the survey ship that made the discovery. The immensity of this depth can be judged from the fact that the greatest bight of the land surface of the earth is Mount Everest (29,141 feet). Thus the highest mountain in the world could be submerged with ease its this vast ocean chaste, . The Pacific contains greater depths than any of the other oceans. Several soundings have shown deeps of over 30,000 feet, but in the Atlantic only two places are known to be deeper than 24,- 000 feet, If the sea bed everywhere were to he graded to one level, the sea all over the world would be be- tween 12,000 and 13,000 feet deep. This means that tvhile the aver- age height of the land above sea - level is less than half a mile, the average depth of the ocean is near- ly two -and -a -half miles below sea - level. Fly -13y -Night Joint•r-The fuselage of a wrecked cargo plane was converted into a snack bar for airmen at an advanced Air Fora' base its Iiorea. Inside the scarred plane are tablet, chairs and even a cozy kitchen. JIITER OWW FIRST LESSON IN WOODCRAFT WALK HAWTO BAKE' OVER AN ' OPEN Raz LOOK. POP- JITTER'S EATING YOUR BISCUITS y Arthur Pointer muvrve BEEN SOME- THING HE ATE - Et -0, POP? ( WE'LL NOW NAVE A LESSON IN MD.