Zurich Herald, 1933-08-03, Page 3reseses4eseas4aeoeseeeesso**
,
Farm Queries
f-lenry G. Ben: B.S.A., Dept. of Chemistry, 0.A,C.
Address All Letters to Farm Editor, 73 Adelaide St.
West, Toronto. All Answers Will Appear in this
Column, If Personal Reply is Desired, Enclose
Stamped and Addressed Envelope,
Timely Common Questions
The tilde iS here when Many market
gardeners and...farmers are figuring on
their fertilizerneeds, and there are
some questons which come to us very
often,. Here are live with their ans-
tiers: '
1. What does a fertilizer analysis
mean? ,
Answer—On every fertilizer ship -
Merit there is a tag attached which
beam two sets of figures. Let us say,
for instance, the top one is 402 and
beneath it you find 2-12-6. The 402
ineans the license number for the mak-
ing ot this type of fertilizer. Every
fertilizer manufacturer has to take out
a license for the manufacturing of
very brand which be sells, the same
as every car owner has to buy a
'license for every car 'hat he owns.
his Is merely to aid in identifiying
the manufacturer of the fertilizer af-
ter it has gone out to the store house
ssr to the farm.
The second set of figures, 2-12-6, is
a record of the plant nutrients .that
the tag contain.s, The 2 means 2%
nitrogen; 1.2 means 12% phosphoric
acid, , and 6 means 6% potash. On
every bag that contains this tag the
contents must analyze as guaranteed.
Underneath these figures there is a
guarantee of the availability of the
carriers of nitrogen, phosphoric acid
and potash.
2. I have read about a filler and I
heard a .neighbour talking about a
terrier. What do they mean?
Answer.—Everyone interested in
soil fertility should get definitely' in
miud that the crop cannot use the pure
elements -- nitrogen, phosphorus and
potassium. It gets these elements
combined with others froin the soil,
from manure, and from fertilizers;
This, then, establishes the need of a
carrier. Manure is a carrier of all
three.' The average ton of well stored
manure carries from 10 to 15 lbs. of
nitrogen, 4 to 7 lbs. phosphor'c acid
and about 10 lbs. of potitsb. One hun-
dred pounds of nitrate of soda carries
15 lbs. of nitrogen, the rest of sulphate
of sodium and oxygen and impurities.
One hundred pounds of sulphate of
ammonia carries 20 lbs. of -nitrogen.
The rest is made up of hydrogen, sul-
phur and oxygen. In other words, the
purest forms of the plant foods as they
are commonly but rather incorrectly
oalled, are simply carriers, since the
pureelement itself- must be mixed
with some other thing before it can
'be carried to the plant and .taken up
by it.
A filler is an entirely different thing.
A filler is inert material that supplies
no plant food, which is sometimes put
in to make up the rest of the ton. My
.meaning will be clearly brought out in
the answer to the next question.
for 6% or 120 lbs. potash. There are
approximately 50 lbs. of potash in 100
lbs, muriate of potash. There are 120
lbs. in 100/50 x 120 = 240 lbs. =ride
of potash, Therefore we will require
240 lbs. muriate of potash.
Now let us add together all of our
requirements. 84 lbs. tankage + 175
lbs. sulphate of ammonia + 1500 lbs.
superphosphate +240 lbs. mutate- of
potash = 1999 lbs. fertilizer'. To
make this up to a ton we will have to
add one pound, and this one pound is
filler. It may be composed of fine dry
sand or ground limestone, 'or some-
thing of the sort, to give good drilling
condition to the fertilizer.
The above is the way that fertilizers
are made up. Lower grade fertilizers
such as 2-8-2, which is now not lawful
to be made, used to require much more
filler than 2-12-6. Speaking generally,
the higher the grade of fertilizer,' the
less filler it contains.
Before Lambing Paralysis
This disease 'occurs in pregnant
ewes, shortly before the lambs are due
to be born. It is most frequently seen
on farms where sheep are kept closely
confined and too liberally fed, Too
much concentrated feed without suf-
ficient exercise to use up the digested
food, from day to day, results in an
accumulatiou, of fat and glycogen,
which brings about such body changes
as will eause interference with the
removal of poisonous body wastes.
Pregnant sheep that are not given
range, or forced to exercise, should be
carefully fed. Another factor favoring
the development of the condition "be -
foe lambing paralysis," is seen in the
production of heaiy twin lambs. This
is due to the fact that the wastes from
the bodies of the developing lambs
must be removed through the circula-
tion of the pregnant ewe. This puts
an additional tax on the ewe, and the
more numerous the lambsethe heavier
the tax. So the ewe carrying but one
lamb is less likely to develop the dis-
ease. Proper feeding and provision
for exercise will largely eliminate
these losses. Overfeeding pregnant
ewes with alfalfa and other nitro-
genous hays has frequently been
blamed. It would be better to reserve
the alfalfa and other rich feeds until
after the ewes come into milk. Epsom
salts can be used to advantage in such
cases.
•
Amusing Anecdotes
Of Famous People
A few years ago an anxious mother
wrote to W. Somerset M '
aughans the
novelist, asking him to tell her in- a
few words what was the next step for
her son, who was soon leaving Ilar-
yard and was determined to adopt a
literary career. Maugham's answer
was quite brief:
"Give youe son one thousand dol-
lars a year for five years and tell him
to go to the mischief.
.The lady, who lived in Boston, was
quite shocked at the idea and ex-
plained that what she wanted on was
"more the technique of novel writing
if you understand what I mean."
• * * *
Maugham did understand, and in
the goodne.ss of his heart sent the
lady a long letter, since published in
the "Bookman" ---filled with valuable
advice. Iii it he modestly said: -
"I ani sure that there are a great
many people who are much better
qualified then me to give your son
hints on this difficult matter." •
To which the lady from Boston re-
plied, in part:
"It is very good of you to- have
written me such a long and careful
letter, but since I wrote -to you last
my son has decided to go into the
bond business."
I
Then she add a P.S. "I am surpris- co
ed at your writing 'than me." Surely ,
it should be 'than I.' "
3. How do you figure out a fertil-
izer analysis?
Answer.—Let us take 2-12.6 3 an.
iastance. This means tb • t the ton car-
ries 2% nitrogen, 12% phosphoric acid,
and 6% potash, Let us take all these
percentages of a ton. This would
mean that the ton of 2-116 would sup -
of nitrogen 40 lbs., of Phosphoric
acid 240, lbs., of potash 120 lbs. Now
let us, theoretically, and practically if
yu wiih, make this fertilizer up from
the following constituents: nitrogen.
/ions tankage and sulphate of am -
?sinless, phosphate from 16% supes-
Phosphate; potash rrom muriate of
potash. Let us say in the 2% of
-nitrogen that is required wo get %
or 5 lbs. trom tankage supplying 6%
PI nitrogen. This' means that there
are 6 lbs. of nitrogen 1. 100 lbs, of
tankage, There is 1 lb. 1. 100/6; there
are 5 lbs. in 100 x 5 = 84 lbs, We
will therefore -need 84 lbs, tankage.
Let us get 1%% of nitrogen from
sulphate of ammonia. There are 20
lbs. nitrogen in 100 lbs. sulphate of
ammonia. Therefore there are 35 lbs,
lb. 100/20 x 36 = 175 lbs. sulphate of
ammonia.
Our .formula calls for 12% phos-
Phoric acid or 240 lbs, of phosphoricu
acid. In superphosphate thoare 16
lbs. phosphoric acid in 100 lbs, of
superphosphate. There are 240 lbs.
phosphoric acid in 100/16 x 240 =
1500 lbs. superphosphate, We will re-
,
m
Ire, therefore, 1500 lbs. superphos-
phate, •
regarding potash, our formula calls
English Poetry
. . heavenly Eloquence,
That with the strong rein of com-
mling words
Dost manage, guide, and master th
eminence
Of men'a affections, more than al
their swords,
Shall we not offer to thy excellence
The richest treasure that our wit
affords?
Thou that canst do much more with
one poor pen
Than all the powers of princes east
effect;
And draw, divert, dispose and faish
ion men,
Better than fame or rigour can
direct!
Should we this ornament of glory
then,
As th' unmaterial,fruits. of shades,
neglect? . .
—From "Musophm
ilus," by Samuel
Daniel, (1599.)
be Balled unprofessional inasmuch as
he lied taken ail that his client had.
Rodin had no head for titles for
his works and was usually indebted
to his friends for the names by which
his sculptures were known. For in-
otanee, this is the history of his "St.
John the Baptist," as told ..y hire to
Frank Rutter, the art critic, and re-
told by Rutter in his, rereiniecences:
One morning things had gone very
badly, Rodin could not get his model
to take up a satisfactory pose, and
4aving wasted several hours he gave
up in despair and told the model he
could go. The man strode across the
room, to fetch his clothes'—his move-
ment was admirable,
"Stop!" cried the sculptor, "stop as
you are, and hold it."
Then he began feverishly to make
a sketch.
&WITH THE
NESCOUT
* *
When the statue was finished Rodin
had no idea but to exhibit it with the
title, "A Man Walking," but soon a-
ter,Fds in came his friend Octave
Mirleeteu, the critic and novelist.
"Magnificent!" said Mirbeau. "I
read your purpose: "It's John the
I3aptist, of course."
"It was an idea," Rodin naively
confessed to Mr. Rutter, "and I wrote
it down at once for fear that I might
forget it."
A Good Looking
Sport Model
* *
By HELEN WILLIAMS.
11 ustrated Dresmaking Lesson Fur-
nished With Every Pattern
George Saintebury — who passed
on recerAly.— gave this as his defini-
tion of Idealism:
"It is something that you think
nice, something that you claim for
yourself, and especially something
that you refuse to your opponents."
Neat!
*
Tibetans exchange no word of
greeting with those they Meet on the
read. The lowliest ones instead stick
out their tongueS, says Henrietta
Sands Merrick (in "Spoken in Tibet"
—a delightful account of her adven-
turous journey to the Forbidden
Land.) .
"It is related that this custom or-
iginated during the religious wars,"
she explains, "when the red sect lamas
had power to cast spells from great
distances by means of the simple re-
citation of mantras.
"I know I'm going to have trouble
with my new neighboes"
"What makes you think so?"
"He's already begun advertising
himself as a lover of peace,"
A speculative despair is 'Unpardon-
able where it is our duty to act.—
Burke'
* * • *.
"Their oft -repetition of these male-
volent spells turned their tongues
black, it is said, so in order to detect
their enemies, the opposing yellow -cap
lamas forced all Captives to show
their tongues, that those found to
have black ones might be put to death.
retie voluntary showing of the tongue
is intended to prove that they are not
.hostile."
Well, well!
*
Mrs. Merriek—a seasoned traveller
and absolutely fearless—went part of
the way by air. She flew from Eng-
land to India -5,500 miles in seven
days! A thrilling adventure in. itself.
Once, on the long voyage, the pilot
passed a note to the passenger, read -
"Don't be alarmed if you're knocked
about a bit now. We're about to land
and it's apt to be rough with this
wind. Look out that things in the
racks don't fall on your heads."
* *
Later the pilot gave a humorous
impersonation of the passengers as
seen from the cockpit—which will be
recognized by all who have flown any
clistance:
"The cudden cessation of automatia
chewing; the rolling of eyes in the
direction of the engines, especially if
one of them hack -fired or ceased to
purr evenly; the gestures of distress
when "bumps' occurred; the slow,
thoughtful resumption of chewing
when anxiety is momentarily relieved;
the very rapid chewing when they
want to assure themselves there is no
need fon alarm; the frantic way they
jump up and punch already secure
articles in the rack when such a
warnint as we had just received was
given them. That was whet we all
did."
MUTT AND JEFF— By BUD FISHER
MUTT'LarWertS•1/41 SO0tob5Ve.R:Y4A'1F"Alre-
T&1,.L0.4E. Neour
I1 isroet<bGAL eN
Wilfir He CALLCD A
firrt.Firre i3AstiM.
* * * •
Iiere is a story of Augustine Bir -
roll, the author -statesman, who was
Secretary for Ireland at, the time of
the Easter rebellion in 1916. In his
early days at the bar he accepted a
brief marked fifteen shillings, • The
same evening he was arraigned be
fore an ineptomptu court at the bar
mess and accused of unprofessional
oonduct for taking so low a lee, His
defence, which, was deemed satierfac-
toile was that his conduat could not
Mutt' RAD 1'?to *roe. Pork,
TtieisTock AND ljE SOLD
'roMe. Fort %St.. t TRiec•
cotptles-r:
..L.:„ •
Indian Wisdom For Lone Scouts
The Indian, from earliest childhood,
was always tadglit to keep silence.
You will And in all Red Indian stories
that the stolid silence of the Indian Is
described.
Above all a Chief was expected to
be a man -who could "hold his tongue"
until such time aseit becamenecessary
for him to speak, to his braves, words
of wisdom in the Counoil Lodge or
around the Council Fire.
The Indian knew only too well the
"folly of words" and it was considered
very out of place for a youth, who had
completed his tests of manhood and
had been admitted to the council, to
have too much. talk. They considered
that a man who could at all times con-
trol his tongue could also control his
whole body.
Too much talk is the sign of the,
Tenderfoot. The old hand, the "moss-
back," does not "jaw." He only speaks
when there is something important to
say.
There are two wise sayings which
every Lone Scout would do well to re-
member. They are—"A still tongue
makes a wise head" and "Empty ves-
sels make most sound."
Remember, if you are too busy mak-
ing a noise yourself, you will not be
able to hear the opinions and the in-
formation which is being offered by
others.
So Lone Scouts will follow the ex-
ample of the Indians, and remember
the value of silence.
A 90 -Year Old Rover Scout
A Rover Scout Crew of Saskatoon,
limbrey's Own, recently invested as an
honorary member Scout E. Parr, near-
irig his 90th birthday. Scout Parr an-
nounced that his special good. turn
would be kicking banana peels off the
sidewalks so that others older than
himself might not slip and fall.
Royal Interest in Scouting
,On invitation of the King of Siam
76 Siamese Scout leaders attended a
month's training camp on the Rama
Palace grounds at Beirapuri.
At the Heart of the Empire
A happening at the foot of the Nel-
son Mounment, Trafalgar Square, Lon-
don, was described by the Hon. Wm.
Finlayson, Provincial Minister of
Lauds and Forests, at the annual
meeting dinner of the Ontario Scout
Association, as the incident that had
first interpreted to him the signific-
ance of the Boy Scout Movement.
A goodslookleg sports coat that is
exceedingly youthful besiclei being
smart and practical. •
It is simplicity itself to fashion it.
And the saving in cost, simply enor-
mous.
The original carried a sportive -air
40 brown and yellow tveeed-like
woolen.
Style No. 3323 is designed for sizes
12, 14, 16, 18; 20 years, 36 and 38
inches bust.
Size 16 requires 24., yards of 54 -
inch material with .2% yards of 39 -
inch lining.
BOW TO ORDER PATTERNS
Write your name and address plain-
ly, giving number and size of such
pattern' as you want. Enclose 15c in
staraps or coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for each number, and
address your order to Wilson Pattern
Service, 73 Wed Adelaide St,, Toronto.
The gamester, if he die a mertyr to
his profession, is doubly ruined. He
adds his soul. to every other loss, and
by the act of suicide renounces earth
to far& heaven.—Colton.
Money dishonestly acquired is never
worth its cost, 'while a good conscience
never costs as much as it Is worth.—
J. Pitit-Senn,
While in London In 1929, the year of
the World Scout Jemboree, he visited
Tralalgar Sque,re, to "stand for a few
minutes of reflection at the heart of
the SImpire," There, before the NeI-
son Monument, he was somewhat up -
et to find a considerable crowd, poa-
sibly listening to the harangue of a
"Red," or some other intruding voice,
In its centre, however, he discovered
two East Indian Boy Scouts bending
over a map of London, laying out a
eight -seeing tour by compass.
The boys, quite undisturbed by
their audience, returned polite thank
roue for proffered advice, but went
ahead with their own quiet talk and
planning. Filially they rose, one put
away the compass, the other folded
the map, and without inquiry of any-
one they set off. The discuvery of
these two young representatives of In,
dia, pilgrims like himself to the "heart
of the Empire," their demeanour, and
the confident manner M which thel
planned their sight-seeing through the
intricacies of the world's greatest
city, left a never -forgotten impression.
It provided a unique demonstration
the Hon. Mr. Finlayson felt, of the
Scout ties of Empire friendship and
loyalty, and as well of the practical
and unversal value of the Scout train.
ing.
Ontario Sc'outs of Many Churches
The 1932 Boy Scout census report
for Ontario shows 338 out of 516 Scoui
Groups sponsored by churches: Angli
can, 172; United, 79; Presbyterian,
46; Roman Catholic, 21; Baptist, 13;
Greek Catholic, 1; Friends, 1, The
greatest increase was in. United
Groups. Interdenominational comraua
ity groups and units .sponsored by hoes
pitals, Canadian Legion, I.O.D.E., Ito
tory and Lions Clubs, etc., make us
the balance.
Scouting is universal, interdenomin
ational and non-political. There is A
place in this organization for you, it
you are a bo i between 12 and 18 years
of age, anxious to make the best of your
boyhood, and keen to grow into a good
citizen of Canada. The Lone Scout
Department is especially interested ie
boys who live in small towns and vib
lages or on farms, and who cannot be,
long to regularly organized Boy Scout
Troops.
You can find out about this move;
ment by writing •to The Boy Scouts
Association, Lone Scout Department;
330 Bay Street, Toronto.—"Lone E."
Baling Old Autos
The remarkable growth of the auto-
mobile industry has sharpened the
problem of how to dispose of worn-
out and junked cars,
Some are disassembled for usable
parts and remelting scrap; some are.
sunk behind breakwaters to serve as
ballast; but the majority are aban-
doned to rust away.
Every automobile has some value
as scrap -metal. Three years ago the
Ford Motor Company conceived the
idea of dismantling cars in a large-
scale way and remelting the steel
scrap in open-hearth furnaces. Satis-
fied with its first efforts, the company
increased its operations about a year
ago by the installation of a 1,000 -ton
hydraulic press for reducing the cars
to bales, and a 400 -ton furnace to re-
melt these large bales. Says a writer
in "Steel" (Cleveland):
"The press, said to be the world's
largest baling press, was designed and
built by Logemann, Bros, Go., Mil-
waukee, and has sufficient size and
power to hold a complete automobile
or truck, and to reduce it to a com-
pressed bundle of open-hearth charg-
ing size.
"The derelict automobiles or trucks,
stripped of engines and many parts
of saleable value roll one at a time
down an incline igoin the disassembly
line into the maw or forward end of
the press. An 8 -ton hydraulically op-
erated steel gate is dropped down to
.olose the opening behind the car, and
with the charging chamber sealed, the
compression cycle is commenced.
"First, a low-presure horizontal
traveling ram, capable of exerting
360 tons' Komi*, advances against
the front of the car and crushes14
from a 17 -foot length to 30 intheS.
e 697 cubic foot capacity of the
charging chamber is retitled. to 102
102 cubic feet when the horizontal
rant reaches its maximum stroke.
"As the horizontal ramholds the
partially compressed car firmly for-
ward, a vertical ram, weighing 17
tons and operating at eight angles,
descends from above to effect the final
compression. Backed by a 1,500 -ton
pressure, this down -stroke ram crush-
es the ear to an average height of
from 10 to ao inches. Heavy trucks
are compressed into a 30 -inch high
bale.
"Upon release of the pressure, -the
high and low-pressure rams recede;
the gate raises, and an ejector ram
moves forward from the left side of
the compression chamber. At the
same time a bucker -up ram recedes to
the right; thus between the two rams
the densely compacted bale of steel
scrap is discharged onto a conveyoe
and then taken to the open-hearth
furnace.
"The powerful rains and fooir tre.
nencloue pressure operate from large
double -pressure cylinder pumps. Op'
dated in this instance by SOO-horse,
power motors, this type of pump per,
mita high-speed action at the begin,
ning of oserations when require
pressures are low. When a prodder.
rained pressure or resistance point
reached, the low-pressure, fast -mole
ing cylinder automatically cuts outl
and its high-pressure, slower, but far
stronger mate in the second cylindo
completes the operation.
"All press operations are handleil
by remote centrol. One man directl
every move by simply turning a hand
wheel to which all functions tesponi
mechanically."
ANGER
When 'I get good and angry. I ist
slat on being alone. It saves n4
reputation for being explosive
dangerous, and for years this we
my heaviest handiettp — temper. •
Vani Areburgh.
ur...*romemomeRaMONIMIltION
-'11,SNIOIetihOss,
TAW, 6404MIX. eNt
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HIM ki!lFt-r',, tt
Mutt's Always Right..
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