HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1941-08-28, Page 2By G. C. Toner
(Ontario Federation of Anglers
and Hunters)
No. 55
FOSSIL FISHES IN ROCK
The Devonian formation lies
just above the Silurian and is
made up of sedimentary rocks
laid down in water. It consists
of limestones, sandstones and
shales and contains many econ-
omic products. In Ontario nat-
ural gas, oil and salt are from
the Devonian rocks as well as
gypsum and other quarried ma-
terial. This formation extends in
the province over most of the
southwestern peninsula and can be
seen almost anywhere along Lake
Life.
Many fossil fishes are found in
the Devonian formation as are
invertebrate remains first noted
in the earlier rocks. Fishes at-
tained great importance in these
times but would hardly be recog-
nized as fishes if seen alive to-
day. One type was known as
Ostracoderm, and had neither
jaws nor fins. Over its head and
forward part of the body were
great bony plates. You can see
that such a creature would be
quite different to modern fishes
yet we know it was ancestral to
many of our modern vertebrates.
Great numbers of fossil sharks
*re found in the Devonian rocks,
lungfishes of various types were
common and ganoids have been
found in great variety and num-
bers. Sharks, of course, exist to-
day, not differing greatly from
their long ago ancestors. The
lungfishes are mostly extinct
though three types are still found
in various parts of the world. It
is the ganoids that are really in-
teresting to the biologist for sev-
eral species are common in our
waters to -day. The garpike is a
ganoid that has come down prac-
tically unchanged from those long
ago times. Because of this it is
sometimes known as a living fos-
sil.
For the past eight weeks this
solemn has been on the geology
of Ontario. It has been a very
general sketch of the rocks and
their formations, just enough to
understand some of our problems
of natural history. Those of my
readers who wish to know more
cannot do better than read Cole-
man and Parks' "Geology of Can-
ada." This came out in 1923 but
U still the best elementary text
that we have.
SCOUTING . .
The difference between Boy
Scouts and other persons in the
presence of an emergency is not
a matter of courage, but the fact
that Scouts know what to do, and
do it, according to Canon A. F. C.
Whalley, formerly himself a Scout-
master at Brockville, Ont., and now
a resident o! Halifax. The tribute
was paid by Canon Whalley when
congratulated on a triple swimming
rescue at sea performed by his son,
a former King's Scout, Sub -Lt. A.
G. C. Whalley of the R.C.N.V.R.,
during a bomber attack upon a Bri-
tish destroyer. Wrote Canon Whal-
ley: "There is no lack of courage
on the part of bystanders in an
emergency, but they don't know
what to do or how to do it. A Scout
knows. He is prepared, and acts
promptly. I am sure that the beat
thing I ever did for my own three
boys was to make Scouts of them."
A number of members of the
R.C.M.P. posted in small communi-
tieo of the west include in their
activities the leadership of the
local Boy Scout Troop. On a
Troop meeting night one of these
always popular leaders found
himself encumbered with a young
prisoner which he had brought in
from an outlying community.
What should he do with the lad?
He simply took the young prisoner
with him to the Scout meeting
and placed him on a chair in a
corner. The culprit was a boy
of about 17, of sullen countenance.
Ai the Scout program progressed
he gradually relaxed. A smile ap-
peared on his face, and finally he
broke into a laugh, and soon was
enjoying the fun of the game as
much as the Scouts themselves,
Presumably he had not had the
opportunity to become a Scout and
enjoy the healthy company of
other 'boys under Scouting guid-
ance. Otherwise be would not
have been on the chair in the
corner.
Canadian National
Railways Revenues
The gross revenues of the all -
Inclusive Canadian National Rail-
ways for the week ending August
7, 1941, were $5,620,029, as com-
pared with $4,464,381 for the cor.
responding period of 1946, an
increase of $9,155.648, or 25,9 per
cent.
THE CANADIAN ARMY ISN'T FOOLING
Howitzer field guns, such as the one shown here being manned by a group of artillerymen at Peta-
wawa training camp, are wicked weapons in the hands of experts. To these soldiers, here equipped
with gas respirators, constant rehearsals have made the gun familiar and simple in operation. To -day
Canada is calling for recruits to pian guns like this and train their threatening muzzles toward those
who would destroy our way of life.
THE WAR - WEEK — Commentary on Current Events
British, United States Agreement
Magna Carta of Present Century
Prime Minister Churchill of
Great Britain left England for an
unknown destination. About the
same time President Roosevelt of
the United States embarked on
a vacation cruise. After a week
of rumor and conjecture the an-
nouncement was made that the
two Ieaders had kept a dramatic
rendezvous somewhere on the high
sea,o,
Peace Offensives
No doubt the most impelling
reason for this meeting was that
in a man-to-man contact they
could more satisfactorily consider
the great matters at stake.
Ostensilbly the morale factor in
the spreading war struggle was
the chief subject for discussion. For
several' months now there have
been rumors of a forthcoming peace
offensive by the Axis powers. If
Hitler should complete his con-
quest of Europe and advance peace
proposals, what would be the re-
action of a war -weary world?
Would a peace movement gain a
foothold in England? Would a
peace -at -any -price cause spread in
the United States?
But now Mr. Churchill and Mr.
Roosevelt have forestalled Hitler
by speaking first. They have an-
nounced the peace terms upon
which Great Britain and the United
States will insist. These terms,
drawn up by the leaders of the
two greatest democracies in the
world should have a heartening and
uplifting effect in all German occu-
pied countries, where all peoples
who have resisted Axis aggression
have been trodden down by the in-
vaders.
If and when Axis peace propos-
als are made the world will now be
able to consider them in compari-
son with the peace aims of the
democracies.
The Eight Points
Eight common principles as a
basis for a better future for the
world form the agreement. A sum-
mary of them is as follows:
1. No territorial or other ag-
grandizement by the United States
or Britain.
2. Territorial changes only
through self-determination.
Winston Churchill
Franklin D. Roosevelt
From the stately castle "Blenheim" and its rolling, well-mani-
aured greens, came Winston Spencer Churchill, acutely conscious of
his famous soldier -ancestor, the Duke of Marlboro . . . From the
1000 -acre estate, perched high above the Hudson, ancestral manor -
house of the solid Dutch Roosevelt family, came Franklin Delano
Roosevelt.
Financial comfort, the best educational advantages were open
to both. . Roosevelt took the civilian road to law through private
schools, Groton and Harvard . , . Churchill the military, through
Sandhurst.
Eloquence, energy, love of the sea, love for political combat link
these men . Churchill thrusting his way upward as war corres-
pondent and spectacular subaltern in the Boer war . Roosevelt
sntering politics in 1910. . . Both were in responsible leadership
during World War I Churchill as organizer and seer, who planned
the Dardanelles Campaign which was so costly a failure . , . Roose-
velt as assistant secretary of the Navy.
Sharp-tongued, bluff and abrupt is Churchill. . . . Smooth,
persuasive, courageous and visionary is Roosevelt, . Fighters
against odds, Churchill maintained a stubborn "lone -wolf" opposition
to Tory policies for years.... Roosevelt refused to yield to paralysis
which lamed his legs, built himself back to robust, fighting health,
guided 133,000,000 people through nine strenuous years.
Alike masters of the written and spoken word ... both have had
unusual opportunities to see and know the world . short, stubby,
solid, unyielding "Mr. England" . . tall, facile, eloquent, adaptable
"quarterback" of the American Team.
3. "All peoples" have a right to
choose their own forms of govern-
ment; those forcibly deprived of
the right should have it restored.
4. Free international trade.
5. World-wide co-operation to se-
cure "improved labor standards,
economic adjustments and social
security,
6. "After the final destruction of
the Nazi tyranny," assurances of a
secure peace, of "freedom from fear
and want."
7. Freedom of the seas.
8. "Abandonment of the use of
force," disarming of aggressor na-
tions, and lightening "for peace -lov-
ing peoples the crushing burden of
armaments."
These principles constitute a
joint Anglo-American statement of
war aims and peace aims. They
form the framework of a demo-
cratic programme for peace and
reconstruction. They should be-
come the basis of a vast front of
freedom -loving, peaceable people
everywhere who are prepared to
fight for their faith in freedom
and self-government. They fill a
great gap in the British war effort
and are a necessary counterstroke
to Hitler's new order.
The emphasis on the economic
aspects of the future is seen as f
particular importance. The promises
that both countries agree to further
the access to trade and raw mater-
ials on equal terms to all states,
victor or vanquished, is considered
a master stroke in forestalling a
repetition of what happened after
the last war. The fifth principle,
forehadowing full collaboration of
all nations for the object of improv-
ed labor standards, economic ad-
vancement, and social security, is
also seen as an effective answer to
the Axis propagandists who have
maintained that the democracies
offer nothing in place of Hitler's
new order. .
The last three of the eight prin-
ciples can be said to constitute the
platform of a post-war political sys-
tem of peace and security. It is an
agreement for "the final destruc-
tion of Nazi tyranny" and also for
the continuance of co-operation af-
terward until the peace as well as
the war is won.
Immediate Problems
The story of this meeting is prob-
ably not fully told yet. Perhaps
more important than the things we
have been told are things about
which silence is maintained.
That both leaders were accom-
panied by the highest military,
naval, and air officers would indi-
cate that pressing problems were
discussed. It Is quite probable that
the two leaders agreed on how to
help the Russians, how to stop the
Japanese in Indo-China, how to
meet the threat of Nazi seizure of
Dakar and Gibraltar throug0
Vichy's new collaboration, and of
how to deal with a potential Nazi
peace offensive.
U. S. Planes to Africa
It is evident that specific plans
were considered by the announce-
ment that American civilian pilots
would ferry United States war
planes from the United States to
British forces in the Middle East
by way of West Africa.
It is understood that some of the
air fields to be employed will lie
close to Dakar and other points in
French West Africa, where, it has
been feared, Germany might estab-
VOICE
OF THE
PRESS
New developments in Canada
are making Dominion citizens
more and more alive to the truth
that this modern world war knows
no front line. There are phases
of this war which must be fought
within the borders of Canada—
and must be won here. Canadians
are discovering that they can take
part in active warfare even while
carrying out their ordinary. civili-
an lives.
The urgent necessity of cutting
gasoline and oil consumption dras-
tically is another factor in bring-
ing us to that fuller realization of
the fact that we are all in the
war.
,The statement made some time
ago by A. G. Gardiner in John
Bull now has a new meaning in
this country. He said: "The war
will be won by the side that has
the last barrel of oil."
If we accept the truth in this
statement, we will find it just a
little easier to forego some of the
comfort and pleasure to be deriv-
ed from the operation of a pas-
senger motor car.
—Kitchener Daily Record.
—0—
AIR TRAINING PLAN
Such has been the speed-up in
operation of the Commonwealth
Air Training Plan that it will
reach its peak in September next
instead of in April, 1942, as or-
iginally intended. It will then be
producing as many as 2,500 train-
ed air fighters a month. That
explains why, notwithstanding
heavy enlistment in the air force,
more and more men are steadily
required for it,
—Brockville Recorder and Times.
—0 --
THIS "SCREW -BALL" WAR
This is a screw -ball war, First
we sympathized with the Finns in
their brave stand against the
Russians and, through the Red
Cross and other agencies, sent all
possible aid to their country. For
this Finns offered heartfelt
thanks. Now Finland, detesting
one dictatorship, has become the
ally of another far more detest-
able, and to cap it off has broken
off relations with us.
—Brantford Expositor.
—o—
• BIGGEST SALARY
To a breathless world it is an-
nounced that Gary Cooper, the
movie actor, drew the largest sal-
ary in the United States, $482,-
820, in 1939. Not included in the
top flight is a pian who lives in
Washington. But, of course, he
is only the President, and his sal-
ary is a mere $75,000 a year.
Windsor Daily Star.
—0—
SCOTLAND FOREVER
A correspondent, whose racial
origin must be apparent, writes
in to suggest that that song ought
to read, "There'll Always Be An
England as Long as Scotland's
There."
—Toronto Saturday Night.
—o—
TIMES HAVE CHANGED
"Once upon a time," remarks
the Vancouver Province, "an edi-
tor could write a leading article
on the international situation for
Monday's paper on Saturday."
Instead of Tuesday.
—The Citizen, Ottawa.
lash air bases constituting a threat
to this hemisphere. President
Roosevelt himself declared that
"the importance of this direct line
of communication between our
country and strategic outposts in
Africa cannot be over-estimated.
"The ferry system and the trans-
port services,' Mr. Roosevelt said,
"provide direct and speedy delivery
of aircraft from the 'arsenal of de-
mocracy' to a critical point in the
front against aggression."
With regard to the ferry and
transport routes, "the route of de-
livery is so arranged that it will
nowhere pass through the zone of
actual warfare."
In Africa the route probably
would run from Bathurst in Brit-
ish Gambia just south of Dakar, to
Khartum, in the Anglo-Egyptian
Sudan, and thence perhaps to
Cairo, Egypt.
It was understood that from the
United States to Africa the trans-
port route would pass through San
Juan, Puerto Rico; Trinidad; Para,
Brazil, and Natal, Brazil, the
"jumping-off" place for Africa.
Fighter and other short-range
planes will be transported to Afri-
ca by ship, and bombers and all
other longer -range planes will be
flown all the way.
One very important aspect of
this development is that British
pilots would be released for fight-
ing service.
Japan is Warned
It is in the Far East that the
meeting is expected to have im-
mediate and profound repercus-
sions, It Japan should start a
war in the South Pacific it is pre-
dicted t}aat the Soviet Union would
open up the northern front with
a Siberian Red army of 1,000,000
men. Japan might then find it
wise to abandon her aaeressive, ex-
pansionist ambitions since the re-
cent agreement is a clear warning
that the two greatest democracies
mean business.
Win War and Peace
Great Britain and the United
States have pledged themelves to
win the war and to win the peace.
The recent agreement makes it
clear to the world what we are
fighting for and what the enemy is
fighting against. It is also made
clear that there will be no peace
by present negotiation but a peace
that can come only after the down-
fall of Hitlerism. It is predicted
that the meeting at sea of the two
great leaders "will rank in world
significance with the signing of the
Marna Carta at Runnymede and
the adoption of the Constitution of
.the United States."
LIFE'S LIKE THAT
By Fred Neher
4ty
1Je i y , %*
.441::,
rjl ��1" iffir4"� ,,�( nhr' j/,�,
REG'LAR FELLERS—Fragile
HERE'S SUMPN. YOU'D BE AFRAID
TO DO, JIMMIE ' CARRY HOME A
A DOZEN EGGS ON TOP OF
YOUR 1-IEAD LIKE THIS
"It was such a nice day we decided to walk."
Y'SETTER
LOOK OUT
FOR THOSE EGGS,
PINHEAD;
d'
By GENE BYRNES