Zurich Herald, 1941-04-17, Page 6++
Saving Ontario's
Natural
Resources
By G. C. Toner
Ontario Federation 0f Angles
and Hunters
(No. 38)
BASS CULTURE
The raising of young bass is
one of the most difficult prob-
lems in fish culture, for unlike
the trout or the whitefish, the
basses cannot be stripped of their
eggs as this process kills the par-
ent fish. Fishes which spawn in
schools are of such a nature that
their eggs and sperm flow freely from the body when ripe, but
bass must build a nest, come toe
gether in pairs, and spread the
egg laying period over several
days, Apparently, one reason for
this is that the eggs 'of the female
do not ripen all at the same time.
Since -this is so we must bring
the adult bass together in ponds,
leave them to pair naturally, and
leave the male bass with the nest
for several weeks. This can best
be understood if I explain the
way in which. the basses repro-
duce. In natural waters, when
they warm in the spring, the male
bass selects a site protected
against wave action and to some
extent, from natural enemies. He
clears the ooze from this site by
• fanning with his tail and lower
fins, leaving a cleared circular
area of gravel. This is the nest.
Hatching of Young Bass
When the nest is completed, if
the water temperature has reach-
ed 65° the male drives a female
over the nest and a few of her
eggs are extruded and fertilized
by the male. This is repeated a
number of times until there are
several thousand eggs in the
gravel of the nest. Then the
male mounts guard, driving away
.all other fishes including the fe-
males. He watches the eggs for
several weeks and when they
hatch guards the young for some
time.
The young at first are very tiny
and live on the egg sack which is
still attached to their bodies, In
a week or so they have grown
considerably and have absorbed
the remainder of the yolk. They
are now ready to feed and rise to
the surface. The male bass seems
to know that his job is finished
and he drives into the school
scattering them in all directions.
This is why we find young bass
in July scattered all through the
shallow waters if the hatch has
been successful for that year.
Canada's Railways
Increase Revenue
Gross Intake During 1940
Was The Best In A Decade—
Freight Trains Earned Much
More
Gross revenues of Canadian
railways during 1940 soared to
their highest point sinee 1930,
reaching $424,820,629, compared
with $863,325,824 in 1939, the
Dominion Bureau of Statistics has
reported.
At the same time, operating
expenses were heavier than dur-
ing the previous year by 329,805,-
307, transportation expenses were
up $13,550,569 and maintenance
expenses higher by $16,343,049
the report said.
Expenses Heavier
The operating income was in-
creased by $27,506,404, from
$46,649,265 to $74,155,656.
Freight traffic measured in
ton miles was heavier than in
1939 by 20.5 per cent., and pas.
senger miles increased by 24.5
per cent. Total payroll increased
by $13,091,277, from 091,101,-
727 to $204,193,004, for an ay.
erage of 121,009 employees in
1939 and 127,028 in 1040.
Freight trains earned 15 cents
more per train -mile than in 1939
and carried 34.9 more tons of
revenue freight. Passenger trains
showed higher earnings per train -
mile of 30 cents and earried 10.5
more passengers per train -mile.
C.N.R. Revenue up 22.7%
Of the gross revenue totals,
$212,300,711 was made up of
Canadian National Railways earn-
ings, which showed a 22.7 per
cent. increase from the 1939 fig-
ure of 3:t78,059,119.
Canadian Pacific railway Com-
pany gross revenues towards the
total were $171„535,474— a 12.7
per cent, increase from $152,148,-
993 in 1030.
More Bombers For Britain Me Being Dismantled for Shipment Overseas
.rawaumeao�,xhci:eOCECMt�:?^k �av�,Q';:�;.�•at.,`➢r
More than thirty Lockheed Hudson bombers ar e assembled et .Floyd Bennett Airport in New York,
where they'll be dismantled and shipped to England via boats. They're part of the steady flow of American
planes which have greatly bolstered the R.A.F.
Pine Cone Found
In Spruce Wood
While sawing a piece of spruce
wood, John Walker, of Windsor,
came across an unusual formation.
Inside of the wood was found
a piece of pine cone which had
apparently^. been lodged there
quite a number of years ago, The
none had turned to a ruddy color
bat was still in an excellent state
of itrefiorv,atioil,
THE WAR -WEE K—Commentary on Current Events
BALKAN FRONT IS STAGE
OF MAJOR WAR DRAMA
"People of the Empire
should be profoundly grate-
ful that in the Nazi' path
Greece and Yugoslavia have
become active obstacles. But
the chief obstacle to Nazi am-
bitions is still Britain . . .
The threat of invasion of her
own island has not passed;
that danger will grow as the
spring advances . . . The
Battle of the Atlantic, yet to
be won, is the most vital
struggle of all."—Prime Min-
ister Mackenzie King.
$ M1+ M
At the start of the tremendous
war drama in the Balkans, an in-
itial series of triumphs for the
German military machine in both
Yugoslavia and Greece appeared
all but inevitable.
Hitler Must Act Fast
Far from inevitable, however,
(wrote Edward Bomar of the
Associated Press) was it that such
victories as the early capture of '
Belgrade and the overrunning of
the Yugoslays' richest areas would
be followed by the smashing of
all obstacles to the Nazi drive to
the east. "Only the verdict of
fateful battles to the south
could decide whether Hitler's gen-
erals would be able to match in
the Balkans the quick victories
won in the Low Countries and in
France last year," Mr. Bomar
dontinued, in one of the clearest
analyses of the situation made
last week. "They are forced by
necessity to try to execute in a
hurry Hitler's injunction to smash
the dangerous new British -Greek -
Serb alliance and drive the Brit-
ish forces from southeastern Eur-
ope. With United States aid in-
creasing steadily though slowly,
time is no ally of the Nazis .. .
Germany' is faced with the neces-
sity of a quick decision to avoid
the alternative of a long struggle
with its 'perils that Turkey and
even Russia might join the foes."
Most military observers saw in
the Balkan campaign the major
part of an attempt to wrest con-
trol of the entire Mediterranean
from Britain and' to win the war
this year, Another part of the
same drive was the new Nazi
campaign in Libya which might
develop into a drive to close
the Mediterranean at Gibraltar.
from the south (instead of from
Spain) --with or without the aid
of the idle French Army in Mor-
occo..
At Turkey's Back Door
But Germany could never Con-
quer the Mediterranean unless
Turkey were first put out of the
picture, either by military con-
quest or by diplomacy. The pro -
Axis .coup in Iraq last week plac-
ed Turkey in a doubly dangerous
position—German air bases eould
now be located at hen back door.
It was believed that Hitler would
shortly demand that Turkey be-
tray her alliances ar be ., bers,elf ,,
attacked. In "the latter lv'ent,
there was no question that Turkey
would defend herself with all the
force she could muster. Last
week though still non -belligerent,
Turkey was 'helping the anti -Axis
allies in more ways than one,
chief of which consisted in keep-
ing the Bulgarian army immobil-
ized. (British quarters hinted last
week in Istanbul that Turkey
might declare war soon. They
suggested she would remain onthe
defensive, but could permit Brit-
ain. to use Turkish air bases and
to move warships through the
Dardanelles into the Black Sea.)
U.S. Approaches Zero Hour
In Washington last week, the
opinion of most observers was
that April was likely to be ".the
month for events which would
send the United States into the
war. It was thought that the
U.S., if any ruptures in foreign
relations were made, would break
with Italy first, then Germany.
Before another month was up, ob-
servers
b-sercers said, the American pa-
tion would be very close to the
state of actual belligerency — a
state of war can and may be es-
tablished without formal declara-
tion. The future war role of the
United States was just about at
' the zero hour. -
Matsuoka to Moscow
Japan's Foreign Minister Mat-
suoka left Berlin "suddenly" last
week for hone, having been en-
tertained in two Axis capitals to
several exhibitions of fireworks
that went "pfft!" (Italy's Ionian
Sea disastor in an engagement
with the British Navy and Yugo-
slavia's stand against Germany).
En route back to Japan, Matsuoka
stopped off in Moscow again for
an important appointment rela-
tive to negotiation of a- Russo-
Japanese non -aggression pact. His
meeting there with Soviet officials
REG'LAR FELLERS—The Opportunist
('THE F-1UDSONS ARE
MOVIN ,
. Aid I'M GEFTIN
TEN CENTS TO '
NEI.P,d
kna
was watched very closely by the
British, who, according to foreign
military observers recently re-
turned from the Far East, be-
lieved that if Japan were success-
ful in concluding such a pact slie
would start a land, sea and air
attack on Hong Kong.
"Waiting Period" at End?
In the Dutch East Indies, too,
authoritative circles were of a
similar mind. There the view was
that the "waiting period" in the
Far East would shortly come to
an end and that concrete action
toward Japan's aim of a "new
order" in. Asia would be exped-
ited. Reports that Thailand would
very soon"join the Axis and shar-
pen the crisis in the Paifie, cen-
tering on Singapore, appeared to
be well substantiated.
The Book Shelf .
"NEW IMPROVED CULBERT-
SON SYSTEM" (1941) •
Here are the latest rules in con-
tract bridge summarized for you
by Ely Culbertson himself. The
first basic changes that have been
made in the Culbertson System in
six years are completely describ-
ed in this little book. With its
Help, you can play with any part-
ner, whether average player, ad-
vanced, or expert. ($1.35).
"CONTRACT BRIDGE SELF-
TEACHER"
• By Ely Culbertson
The world's greatest authority
on contract bridge, in an entirely
new book on the game, has sim-
plified bidding and play so that
.anyone -can now learn expert
methods easily and quickly. - 39
elear lessons teach you how—and
36 practice drills. All you need
is a book and pencil. ($1.35).
Toronto: John C. Winston Co.
Limited, Publishers.
Dogs Going Into
Action On Birds
Spring Field Trials4'of On-
tario Bird Dog Association
Are Being Held at Niagara -
on -the -Lake Next .Week -end
The cream of the bird dogs in
Ontario will display their wanes at
Niagara -on -the -Lake ,on April 19th
and 20th, when the Ontario Buil
Dog Association will hold its sixth.
Annual Spring Field Trials.
,Spaniels, Setters and Pointers
Will be 'seen in action on birds.'
The first stake to be run on Sat.,
ut day, the 19th, is an, open event
far Pointer and Setter puppies and
some likely contenders are expect-
ed to take the field. This trial is
scheduled for 1 o'clock.
Two Spaniel tr a-ls will also be
run on Saturday afternoon, a trial
for Novice Spaniels and the Open
Spaniel Stake,
Dr. John Barnes, Williamsville,
N. Y. and G. S. Steckles, Welland,
will judge the Spaniel trials.
SPANIELS, SETTERS, POINTERS
Two trials for Setters and Point-
ens
ointears are on the card icor the second.
day. In the morning Novice Setters
and Pointers, owned in Ontario,
will show their stuff and in the
afternoon in the Open All Age
Stake for Setters and Pointers will
be rim. Ge -o. W. Boag, Woodstock,
Ont., See,retary of the Association
predicts big fields in all trials. As
usual, it is expected that New York
State kennels will be well repre-
sented in the •eivents, particularly
in the open stake for Settees and.
Pointers on the second day's pro-
gramme. Tommy Thomas, Rochest-
er, N.Y., and Don Crawford, Kings-
ville, Ont. will judge the trials for
Setters and Pointers.
The Prince of Wales hotel, Nia-
gara -on -the -Lake will be head-
quarters for the meet and road
signs will be posted to mark the
courses for the benefit of the big
gallery of spectators which is ex-
pected to witness the trials.
Ugly, Poorly Built
Homes Lack Value
Failure to design buildings of
attractive architectural style is an
evil which must be combatted to
improve conditions of home own-
ership, according to authorities.
Other, conditions which make
for poor mortgage security are
bad construction; poor workman-
ship, improper use of materials,
or use of inferior materials, and
inefficient or objectionable room
proportion and arrangement.
SGOUT NG .
The proceeds of a "single dog
derby" for boys and girls,of
Rouyn and Noranda of 16 yars
and under, sponsored by the Nor-
anda Firemen, went to the camp-
ing funds of the Rouyn -Noranda
Scouts. Rules for the race barred
the use of whips.
r
An indoor campfire program,
conducted in the main hall of St.
John's Church, Peterborough,
was the entertainment feature of
the annual banquet get-together
of some 200 Cubs, Scouts, Rovers
and parents.
* s *
At a meeting of the Sarnia Boy
Scouts Association, which was in
part run as a demonstration Boy
Scout Troop, adult members be-
came boys in the various patrols.
During the evening several of the
members were invested as Scouts.
* * o
800 magazines for soldiers'
reading rooms were collected in
one week by the Boy Scouts of
Dartmouth, N.S,, and 2,729 were
gathered in a month by a Winni-
peg Boy Scout Group.
a * w
Three. Boy Scouts of Bristol,
England, own and operate their
own mobile tea canteen. They
carried on during the heaviest
Nazi bombing of the port, serving
a hot drink and sandwiches to
firemen and A.R.P. workers.
✓ OICE
OF THE
P RESS
NOT ALL SO LUCKY
Niagara is to keep its beauty,
but the upper stretches of the St,
Lawrence are due for some sad
treatment if, as and when the
deep waterways scheme material-
izes.
—Stratford Beacon-Hehald
EXTREMELY DANGEROUS
It is unlawful for a pedestrian
to stand on the travelled portion
of a roadway to beg rides or sell
articles. It is alsio extremely
dangerous to stand or idle in any
roadway where motor traffic
passes.
—Hamilton Spectator
THINK NATIONALLY
A Member of Parliament from
Saskatchewan claims that, but for
the development of the Western
Provinces, Ontario would still be
a backwoods , district. This is a
highly theoretical statement, but
in any case it would be better
tor this and all M.P.'s to think in
terms not of the West or of On-
tario, but in terms of the Domin-
ion of Canada.
—Brantford Expositor
-"You can no more regiment fun
than Hitler can regiment Iove?
—Cornelia Otis Skinner
LIFE'S LIKE THAT
By Fred Neher -
"Doin' yer plowin' early, ain'tcha, pardner?"
'NAT'S
VERY
EADNOW
CP BACK ANO CHET
ANOTHCR
LOAD,: �
SAR71N' 't0
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By GENE BYRNES
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