HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1940-08-29, Page 2Saving Ontario's
Natural
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No. 5
(By G. C. Toner)
FORESTS AND FISHES
The fishery biologist is vitally
Concerned with forests, He knows
that trees and woodlands catch
and hold the water during the
time of the year when precipitae
tion is high, releasing it grad-
ually during the summer. In for-
ested regions the spring floods
are gentle; the streams run
throughout the year, cool and
clear; erosion with its consequent
silt is held to a minimum. Simply
stated, to have fish, there must
he trees over a considerable per -
Von of the watershed that sup-
plies the streams.
Right Temperature
The existence of the brook
gout in Ontario is closely de-
pendent on the forests. Like all
other creatures they have certain
definite physical and chemical
requirements of the environment
in which they live. Of these, tem-
perature of the water seems to
have great power as• a limiting
factor. If the water in the stream
is too warm, there will be no
trout; if too cold, the food is
scanty or non-existent and again
there will be few :or no trout.
This temperature range is quite
narrow, from 45 degrees to 65
degrees with a variation, either
way of 5 degrees, and within
these limits the trout passes its
whole existence.
Trees Along Streams
Water from, the earth is usually
set 55 degrees, winter or summer.
This is close to the most suitable
temperature for the speckled
trout. In shaded valleys the
spring -fed stream is protected
from the sun and wind but in
the open fields it soon warms.
Trees along the watercourses are
on insurance against warm water.
so a landowner, to keep condi-
tions right for the trout, should
plant trees along the valley, close
to the stream, and should protect
those that are already there.
Farm Notes
After -Harvest
Cultivation
After -harvest cultivation is one
of the most practical and most
effective methods of controlling
weeds, states John D. MacLeod,
Crops, Seeds and Weeds Branch,
Ont. Dept. of Agriculture. Plants
draw heavily on the food stored
In the roots in order to produce
flower and seed and they are
a their weakest stage immed-
iately after the crop has been
removed.
For the control of annual and
winter annual weeds, shallow,
thorough cultivation is recom-
mended by using the plow, one-
way disc, cultivator or disc har-
row. Seeds are brought near the
surface by this plan where they
germinate and may be killed by
subsequent cultivation. An abun-
dance of moisture plus the meth-
ods outlined above, will destroy
millions of seedling plants of
such weeds as Wild Mustard,
Stinkweed, Ragweed, Fox -tail,
False Flax, Pigweed, Lambs
Quarters, Shepherds Purse, etc.
Controlling Perennials
For the control of perennial
weeds having deep tap roots,
such as Bladder Campion and
Chicory, deep plowing is recom-
mended as soon as the crop has
been removed, followed by cul-
tivation, using wide, sharp shares
which overlap. Thorough, fre-
quent cultivation both ways is
essential in order to cut roots
and bring them to the surface
where the sun will assist in de-
stroying them.
Two Objectives
An abundance of moisture will
prove favourable for the control
of annual weeds but will upset
all plans for the control of per-
ennials, particularly those with
underground rootstocks. Two ob-
jectives should be kept in mind
when planning after -harvest cul-
tivation.
(1) Practise a, green summer
fallow when controlling annuals
---permit seeds to germinate and'
destroy them later by cultivation.
(2) Practise a black summer
fallow when fighting winter an-
nuals, biennials and perennials.
Keep the ground absolutely black
until frosts will make further cule
tivation impossible.
Revenues from motor vehicle
registrations and gasoline taxes
in Canada in 1939 totalled 8'79,-
915,492, of which $27,961,182
+gas from registrations and $51,-
954,360 fromgasoline taxes. In
1938 the total for registrations
was $26,230,196 and the gasoline
taxes $41,247,688, making g total
revenue Of $67#4774884,
Seagram Cold Cup Comes Back to Hit
Slammin' Sam Snead, right, is shown as he received the Seagram
Gold Cup, emblematic of the Canadian Open Golf championship, from
Frowde Seagram after his 18 -hole playoff with Harold (Jug) McSpaden
at Scarboro' Golf and Country Club Monday afternoon. Snead won the
trophy in 1938 at Mississauga Club after a playoff with Harry Cooper,
Yesterday he carded a par 71 to MeSpaden's 72. McSpaden can be seen
peeking over Mr. Seagram's shoulder in the above picture.
THE WAR - W E E K ---Commentary on Current Events
New Canada -U S. Agreement
On Defense Is Momentous
History was made Iast week in
a railway car on a remote coun-
try siding near Ogdensburg, N.Y,,
when the Prime Minister of Can-
ada, Mackenzie King, and ,the
President of the United States,
Franklin D. Roosevelt, met for a
four-hour conference and came
to an agreement which is one
of the most momentous ever rec-
orded in the annals of this hemi-
sphere. Mr. King and Mr. Roose-
velt discussed the mutual prob-
lems of defense in relation to the
safety of Canada and the U. S.,
and, following their meeting, is-
sued a statement outlining the
three provisions agreed upon; es-
tablishment of a joint U.S.-Can-
adain board of defense; this
board to "commence immediate
studies relating to sea, land and
air problems, including person-
nel and material;" plans for con-
sidering the defense of the north-
' ern half of the western hemi-
sphere. Thus was cemented the
closest bond yet set up between
the two great democracies in
North America.
Toward Mutual Assistance Pact
The significance of the new
agreement was not likely to be
realized in its entirety for many
a long day. Political observers
meantime saw In it an indication
that a mutual assistance pact be-
tween Canada and in the United
States might be in the making;
that the Roosevelt administration
intended to blanket the Dominion
under the protecting folds of the
Monroe doctrine; that the armed
forces of the two countries might
at a future date be unified under
one command.
Gracie Fields Visits
Lovely Lake Louise
Ardent movie camera fan.
Gracie Fields said of Lake Lou-
ise. "Its the grandest bit of water
I've seen." Here she is giving the
camera a work-out from the bal-
cony of her suite overlooking the
lake, day before her concert at
the Banff Springs Hotel in aid
of the Navy League of Canada.
--C.P,R. Photo.
British -U.S. Union?
The Ogdensburg agreement was
followed immediately by a sensa-
tional move on the part 4f Bri-
tain. Speaking in the House or
Commons, Prime Minister Churc-
hill stated that 99 -year leases of
sea and air bases in Newfound-
land, Atlantic Islands (perhaps
a reference to Bermuda) - and
West Indian points had been of-
fered to the United States. Next
day British foreign office sourc-
es confirmed reports that the Un-
ited States had leased the Islands
of Canton and Enderby (midway
between Hawaii and Australia)
from Great Britain as air bases.
Seeds of the Future
These developments gave an
impetus to movements in both
Great Britain and the United
States working for union of the
two great powers. Many prophets
envisioned a coming world in
which five mammoth groups of
countries (English, German, Rus-
sian, Japanese, Italian) wauJd
struggle amongst themselves for
trade, combine and re -combine
against one another to keep a
balance of power.
In his same speech to the
House Mr. Churchill declared
that Britain sought no advantage
for herself from the offer to
lease the New World bases, but
he did appeal for "timely rein-
forcement" of Britain's navy
from the United States—an ap-
parent reference to recent discus-
sions of United States' aid in
filling gaps in the British fleet
with over -age destroyers.
A Year of War
Reviewing the year of war just
coming to a close, Mr. Churchill
found the scales heavier on the
side of Britain. He acknowledg-
ed that a "cataract of disaster"
had poured out during the last
three months—the Netherlands
and Belgium conquered, France
forced out, Italy in the war
against Britain, Somaliland gone.
But, on the other side, he said,
"we have re -armed and re -built
our armies in a degree which
would have been deemed impos-
sible a few months ago; our navy
is far stronger than it was at the
beginning of the war; our bomb-
er and .fighter strength after all
this fighting is larger than it has
ever been; our advantages and
resources are enormous." (Bri-
tish casualties in the first year of
this war reached 92,000, includ-
ing civilians, as against 365,000
army and navy losses in the first
year of the last war).
Speaking even as three waves
of German bombers roared a-
cross Britain's coast, renewing
the furious assault of the Nazi
air siege, Mr. Churchill let fall
enigmatic words; "We may be
sure that Hitler will continue his
air attacks as long as he has the
strength and as long as any pre-
occupations he may have in re -
Women Know
Their Flowers
Want a strange flower rami,
r-
ed? Call in a woman, not a
Ivan.
Five women members of the
Federated Garden Clubs of
New York defeated an equal
number of men in a "name -
the -flower" contest at the Gar-
dens on Parade exhibit at the
World's Fair.
Required to give the com-
mon name and the Latin name
for each of 25 flowers now -
blooming at the exhibit, the
women rolled up 283 points
against 169 for the men.
spect of the Russian Air Force
allow him to do so." (It was be-
lieved Mr. Churchill was suggest-
ing that Hitler might refuse to
send his air force against Britain
in a Iong-sustained campaign for
fear its ranks would be decimat-
ed, leaving Germany at the mercy
of Russia's nunmericalIy powerful
air force).
Victory, Or Stalemate
That Hitler would have to
achieve a victory over Britain by
mid-September or concede a
stalemate in the war was the op-
inion of Associated Press corres-
pondent Kirke L. Simpson who
pointed out that within a few
weeks bad weather would be the
general rule in the North Sea
and the English Channel climax-
ed by equinoctial storms of un-
predictable force and duration.
During the week Germany pro-
claimed a "total blockade" of the
British Isles. Included in the
blockade were Ireland and all
coastal waters aztound •i3ritain.
The area specified began on the
French Atlantic coast approxim-
ately at the mouth of the Loire,
extended right around the Bri-
tish Isles to North Scotland and
down the British east coast,
reaching the Continent again at
the coast of Belgium.
Eastern Hot -Spots
Developments ine Middle
East were expected Murly last
week. The '' long-awaited assault
ors Egypt by Italy was believed
not far off, led perhaps by an.
aerial attempt to conquer Aden,
British -held eastern hinge of the
gateway to the Red Sea (British
Somaliland constituted the west-
ern hinge).
Tension in the Balkans also
increased with a double-barrelled
Axis drive in prospect, Italy to
jump on Greece; Germany to
march into , Yugoslavia. But be-
hind the scenes forces were be-
lieved working to prevent such a
push towards the Dardanelles and
the east. Russia plainly was en-
couraging Greece and Turkey to
resist an Italian advance through
Greece; which might result in
Hitler calling Mussolini off be-
fore he would take a chance on
having to fight Yugoslavia, Tur-
key, Greece, Russia and possibly
Bulgaria.
In order to prevent war break-
ing out in Southeastern Europe
at this time, Hitler appeared to
be exerting pressure on Hungary
to accept Rumania's final answer
with regard to the disposition of
Transylvania (King Carol offered
For Better Desserts
urh
Corn Starch
Prodys, SI. Lawranra Starch Co. Ltd. D20
to tranfer some of the Hungar-
ians in Transylvania to Hungary
and to cede a strip of frontiee
territory). And at the same time,
reports were current that an
early settlement would be reach-
ed between Rumania and Bulgar-
ia over the Bulgarian demands
on southern Dobruja.
China Suffers Three Years
The undeclared war between
Japan and China entered its
third year during the week. In
commemoration of its outbreak,
General Chiang Kai-Shek deliver-
ed a message to the Chinese
people which reaffirmed his de-
termination to carry on the fight
against Japan until "all Chin-
ese soil has been freed of the in-
vader.'F Four days later' Japanese
bombers again attacked the Chin-
ese capital Chungking with re-
sulting inestimable loss of lif e—
at least 25,000 persons were ren-
dered homeless as incendiary
bombs started uncontrolled fires
in a large section of the city.
dye bath that will contain enough
liquid to cover the garment com-
pletely without crowding. Stir
with a glass curtain rod. Follow
the directions on the dye pack-
age implicitly. Rinse in clear
water until no trace of color is
shown in the water. Dry in clean
muslin cloths, taking care that no
two thicknesses of dyed material
touch. Press on the wrong side
under pressing cloth.
Danes Curtail
Farm Exports
Huge Reductions indicated as
Result of Invasion
Curtailment of .Denmark's exports
of foodstuffs duel to war stoppage
of her fodder Imports was fore-
shadowed in a report of the agri-
cultural council early in August.
The council estimated that but-
ter exports would drop by 100,000
tons, slaughtered pigs from 180,000
to 40,000 tons, eggs from 100,000,-
000 to 21,000,000,
HOGS AWAY DOWN
Exports of live pigs will decline
from 4,000,000 to 2,000,000 cattle
from 3,300,000 to 2,800,000 and
chickens from 12,000,000 to 7,000,-
000.
The report said Denmark must
depend exclusively upon her own
harvests to feed 1per livestock.
LIFE'S LIKE THAT
By Fred Neher
"I'II bet you boys think I'm terrible."
Italian Shins Are Following Example of Germany's
...-.cs
A y,py„o
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Since was' began the seabeds of the world have aeon receiving very frequent visitors — scuttled German
ships. Now Italy is following the ignominious example—here is one of her ships committing suicide off Gib-
raltar.
REC'LAR. FELLERS—A Man's Man
NO NONSENSE
NOW/ YOU GO WITH
YOUR LITTLE MUNN
TO THE HAIRDRESSER'S
AHD KEEP HIM
N"(COMPAIJY
°KAY / I'M $OtP '
WITH YA, BUT
WE'LL, %TOP A
MINUTE AT MY
FRIEND'S HOUSE!'
ntrat
By GENE BY
ES
LSURE) PINHEAD ,
MY SISTER HAS
AN CXTER ONE
.SHE'LL LET YOU
TAKE 0 ''
or•
i
erre
I'M NOT INSUL1iN'
YOU, THIS 15 THE
ONEY WAY YOL L)
EVER CATCH ME
C-,otN' TO A PLACIi.
16IKE MIS/