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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1944-06-08, Page 2+`4etiettetersesSies isessisesseie WHAT SCIENCE IS DOING Poison Oak Poison Oak, public enemy of the forest, is about ready to start paying its debt to society—at a rate of perhaps $5,000,000 a year, a en ti_ stestimated. ated. ;t • This bad boy of the plant king - dim; tormenter of picnickers and fishermen, has reformed under the benign guidance of chemurgy and Is in a position to earn an honest living, said Dr. A. C. Shead, Uni- versity of Oklahoma chemistry pro- fessor. Mindful of the plant's painful rash, people have been busily stamping out the plant for years, tut Dr. Shead raised a warning Band. What we should do, he said, is plant more poison oaks and thus give this country three important new commercial pro- ducts. The scientist said the same juice which has spread itchy rashes would, when oxidized to eliminate 'the irritant, make a lacquer of high anality, 20,000,000 pounds of which . is at present imported annually from India. The non-poisonous berries, Shead 'explained, are rich in fat that , could be used to make Japanese :wax, large quantities of which 'e- e imported from Japan before litre war at prices ranging to 25 THE WAR - WEEK — Commentary on. Current Events British av Has Almost Stopped Essential Imports Reaching Rech There is one long, hard task of the war that the British Navy has almost completed; it has practical- ly stopped German imports of munitions from outside Europe, writes F. B. G., in The Vancouv- er Province. Relentlessly t h e Navy has tightened its grip about Germany's throat until one supply line after another has been stop- ped. It has beers a long struggle, as it was in the last war, but in the last two years or so the Navy has had valuable aid from the Air Force. t A'4lr'Sr2Y11'a 'tt -k" p a rknt mean variety. lead The third product — and SI said it was a rare plant ' which yielded_as many -as three useful substan ben_ is tannin for the leather', Bettie, extracted from the l leaves. The professor's estimate of the potential commercial worth of the plant was, he said, conservative. Now Spring is Dere again and no more German ships will try to reach Europe from the Far East. 731ockade-running is over for this season: it may well be over for the war. in the Winter of 1940-41 Ger- many was able to import cargoes from French overseas territories via Unoccupied France --especially rubber front Saigon. The Royal Navy stopped that traffic. Mica and meat were imported from Madagascar. The Royal onye slopped that traffic by sin P Most Serious Blow • Duringser a Other and 1 99 1941 routes through the blockade were stopped. German ships ceased to attempt to cross the South- enAtlan- tic front neutral ports. But the most serious blow to German supplies was the Allied occupation of French North Africa in the Autumn of 1942. That stop- ped all import s to Euro by y small vessels sailing f Medi- terranean ports. By the end of 1942 Germany was left with only one country outside Europe from which to ob- tain the rubber, tin and edible oils ehe needed—Japan. But Japan needed other things: machine tools, ball -bearings. ��anyydp�}�e^•syypeTciiaatllly mod- )LgAioBO ND a • els and plans of weapons that had been tested in the European 'thea- tre, So the blockade -running had to be arranged on a systerxt of exchange with Japan, That was begun in the Winter of 1942-43. Of the . ships that --left the Far East for Europe, seven were sunk. Others were damaged so they could not make the voy- age. During last Winter .five ships left the Far East for Europe; four of then) were sonic. Exchange System Broken Down No ships left Europe for Japan. Several were ready and loaded; two were so badly damaged in port they could not have sailed; the rest have never sailed for some•. un- annotinced reason. The system of exchange has broken' clown, It"may be that Germany did not wish to risk the ships; it may be that .Ger- rnany could no longer spare." ball - bearings and machine tools for Ja- pan. Today, out of .30 vessels that, during the last two years were, en- gaged in running the bloskat '.1 bet- ween Japan and Europe, only' 10 are left. Out of those 10 several are badly damaged, and nearly all of them are in European ports un- der the eyes of the RA,T. Only and Japan, n are or two left in JP one it may be doubted whether. the Ja- panese will be willing to send any more cargoes to Europe before they have got something in ex- change. Allied Sea Power Grows Germany's need to import car- goes from overseas was proof of her failure to make Europe self-suffi- cient. Her attempt to import car- goes in unescorted merchantmen, relying on speed and evasion, was a result of her lack of sea power. The fact that these supplies are conning to an end at the very time when Germany needs thezi most is a result of the steady growth of Allied sea power. Paint Is Preservative Protector, Beautifier Among Post -War planners, the Canadian ' Paint, Varnish and Lac- quer Association, with 95 per cent of the paint manufacturers and dealers of Canada backing the scheme, is unique. Although wartime sales are higher than they have ever been, the 41(111841 counts .on a still further expansion when the war is over. An aggressive and dynamic self ling policy is being outlined to members of the Association at various city and provincial group meetings by pointing out that a wide campaign of advertising and publicity would open new selling fields if manufacturers and sup- pliers placed before Canadians all the hitherto little-xnentiolied attributes of their products. For years paint has been known chiefly as a beautifier, protector and preservative. It also has decided assets as a ' protection against fire, as a fighter against germs and disease, as an improver of health .and vision, as a pro- duct that could lessen strain and fatigue, make work more pleasant, living more enjoyable and the world a brighter place in which to live. c In the eyes of the paint indus- try, Canada today is paint shabby, rural shabby, and urban shabby and suffered maintenance has a letdown. Eve'ryw'here there is a e Drying n ' 11 ation of • ed the application for PP the old slogan "Save the surface and you save all." BABY comics ANOTHER BARGAIN OFFER while they last. Two week old pullets White Leghorns $29.90, Black Minorca X WMteehundghorn pullets $30.0.0 per . _ Act quickly . these will soongo at these,prices. Also reduced prices for day old chit -s in all popular,. breeds, dill -sexed, pullets or ftiUelcerels. Also free range l- ots eight weeks of age and t ',gee catalogue.K T ries. Guelr ` ar And The Farmer Bought The Bonds Beres an example of teamwork in .selling Victory bonds: "The oth- er evening' I saw two Victory loan salesmen approach a man busily plowing a garden with a team of horses. They talked a few min- ' tales then one of the salesmen took over the team and continued the plowing while the other made out the bond application." -- Winnipeg Tribune. The, F.B.I. has employed 2,800. :special investigators in an effort to stop black market gasoline buy- ing in the 1T. S. Headache Nothing is more depres• sing than headaches.., i t 'Why suffer?...Lambly, s will give instant relief.' I'Lambty'sisgood for ear. • ache,coothache,painsin711,9 /.•tla back, stomach, bowels. lulu LA 111,B LY1.5 • HEADACHE E Utz WaE A Worm Trouble CHILDREN REALLY NEED )8 JLVENEY'S Mother's Friend these change- • silhle clays t 1 t helps protect Diem from worm trouble. a n i) ether children'C e c P s Elis, IL ` them rege iatr. Ito ,00thinsmt tool Hove try It. YOU WOMEN WHO SUFFER FROM S N �S .�LNOT If you stiffer from hot Dashes, dizzy spells, irregular periods, are weak, uervaus--due to the middle -age' period in a Woman's life, take Lydi E. Pinkham's Vegetable Comp it's helped thousands upon thou - :holds of women to relieve such symptoms• Finkham's Compound Is also a lino stomach tonic"( Worth trytngf lefade in 'Canada. ,r •b Mary Rogers, above, daughter of famed comedian, the late Will Rogers, will be marriedsoon to Victor Courtrier, Jr., Hollywood screen writer. Modern Etiquette By Roberta Lee 1. In whose name should a girl's wedding invitations and announce- ments be issued if she has no parents nor close relatives? 2. Should one be embarrassed if it is necessary to ask a person his name in order to introduce him? s. Isn't it proper for one to add a postscript to a letter? which •n hhowN r And 4. At dinner, hand should a waitress hold the dish she is serving? 5. Is it all right to typewrite an invitation, acceptance of an in- vitation, or regrets? use Mr. 6. Is it good manner,t to or Miss when introducing mem- ber's of one's family? • ANSWERS 1. In this instance, the -wedding would probably be too informal for her to need either invitations or announcements. If determined to send them, the only thing she could do would be to send them in her own name or have her fiance's family do so. 2. No; be courteous and natural, without offering an apology. 3, It is all right but one should trp to avoid postscripts except when necessa- ry. 4, The dish should be held on a folded napkin in the left hand. Then, if necessary, the right hand can be used to steady the dish. 5. While it is being done, the typewriter should be tied for intsi- ness ptu'poses only. 6. It would be better to avoid the titles if 'toss' - , hie. t,4.. ,.gg S S' r t. Jia . "odes c, 7y; Leghorn" pullets .22e;' x3. ;cRoc 0'. pullets 20e,-Leghdrns i �3Rock Strain, Rocks are O.. " ing. All breeders are blood reed,. ed. One dollar books your .or(rtat- J, D. Johnson, Fergus; Ont. WELCOME-,NE'SVS—PitosspT MAY and June delivery st Tweddle Chicks. Foreseeing another ' year of big demand for poultry hind eggs, everybody at Tweddle Hatcheries has been working hard sine, - back when.". That's win :it offer • - June deliv all the breeds of chicks' — day olds{ and older —non -sexed. good Judgment to order extra T'weddle Chicks • now because the grass •ration does a lot for chicks and lowers . feed costs. Fuel costs are lower too. Prices are reduced for June. week old pillets ial in Whitrices e two Leghorns and Black Minorca X White Leghorns. Also older free range pullets eight weeks otage and older. Free catalogue. Twed- die Chick Hatcheries Limited, Fergus, Ontario. Easy to roii, delightful . to yoke FINE CUT CIGARETTE TFiNaB } EO Transport Barges Barges of from 000 tons to 2,- 000 ;000 tons capacity have been com- mandeered by the Germans in Belgium, France,The Netherlands, Poland and Yugoslavia. These boats have been taken to Germany, for' transport service on the Rhine and side canals, to supplement the insufficient means of conveyance. i LHA ^4 '� �} ` i?, tit ;°I�LI i.FfT iJ ��'i%�• Have You Heard? A typical example of the un- conquerable Cockney spirit. A fa- mous city tavern, windows shat- tered, a tered, has the following notice posted up where the windows once stood:— OPEN AS USUAL The little tea and coffee shop next door, windows all shattered, has gone one better and announces cheerily:— MORE OPEN THAN USUAL —0— Girl of eleven, asked what a sa wa la was sa and what Fnunsu e gulf, replied: "A peninsula is a piece of land with three sides SAFES R'roteet your BOOKS sena CASK from FIRE and THIEVES. We have a size and type of Sate, or Cabinet, for any purpose. Visit as, or write for prices, ete. to Dept. 'W. 145 Front St. Established �Toronto 1855 8C .TAYLOR LIMITED TORONTO SAFE WORKS CHICKS IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT--. arse started pullets -1n some breeds. Contact us for breeds. available now or later in June. Buy the right stock for the right results at the right time this fall and winter. Bray Hatchery, 130 John N., Hamilton, Ont. STATtTISD Moses ' RET)UCED PRICES ON STARTED chicks' from a Real Breeding Farm of 5000 Breeders. 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks old. Prompt delivery. Don't take chances on ordinary chicks when you can get these high quality chicks at such reasonable .'Price& our best toproduce heal- thy, ea - We do p fir. „ bred, to rod nee , h well P t y, disease -tree, chicks. Order yours now. Send for Started Inst and Weekly Specials. LAT BVIEW POULTRY FARM, WeinWeinBros. , :Phone 75, Exeter, Ontario., BARGAIN SALE OF DAY OLD chicks for this week sand nett w e e k. Government Approved chicks from hloodteSted breed- ers Non -sexed: White Leghorns. Barred Rocks, White Leghorn X Barred Rocks $9.50 per 100, as- sorted breeds $8.05. :Pullets: White Tregg horns, White Leghorn X Barred Rocks $19.80, Barred. Rocks 119.90, Assorted $12.90. Cockerels: Barred Rocks $8.05, Assorted Heavies $7.95. No de- Posit e- CnDrequired. yuvl ere. Also tworweeek old started. This advertisement most accompany your order to receive these special prince. Please give second choice. Top Notch Chickerles, Guelph, Ont. --- Popcorn sam)ctintes loses its "popability" clue to dryness; this essentiai property may he restored to the corn by patting it in a fruit 1 jar with a tnbhspnoeful ()r IWr) of ' water, shaking and letting stand a. \t'e& DYEING & CLEANING HAVE YOU ANYTHING NEEDS dyeing or cleaning? Write to us for information. We are glad to answer your questions. Depart-." ment A. Parker's Dye Worke Limited. 791 Yonge Street, To- „ -onto. HAIRDRESSING AMBITIOUS GIRLS women, Lost • rid largest 'ra�:� Baca. termed, dignified work. Splendid Pay- Write Hor Call for freeh sols, ter- ature. Mcsseel•.ai dressingc $58 Bloor Street, Toronto. Branches 44 'Xing Street, Hamilton, and 74 Rideau Street. Ottawa. .lt'Nle DAs'-OLi7 (:HICKS, ,TO JT'T.v let ANY 'BREED 1a017TILIS AA .GRADE mixed 'irides $12.00 Per 100; Heavy Breed pullets $18.00 Per 100: Light and 1vle.dium breeds 120.00 per 100, Order from this ad. loci, deposit. At•so d_Y ]d rorttr.rela Pure Tied. Sussex. Suisse+ X .New T'Tamp., Sussex X Barred Reck, Levee Type 1Vhite Leghorns, I3ari:ed Torics 73arred Rock X Leghorn, Sussex X. Leg- hen, ,e •-horn, New 7tatnpshires. LAIo1 V]EY POIT'f i'li. PA 'Wein Brea., Phone 78, Exeter, Ont. 10e BARRED ROCKS 10c ) , NC) 11 Nx7 AND ORDER . 1V T"l JIx f}rst •Tuiy chicks. First corns, served. T0arred Tlorks nna, ed 100, starred Ttoek Pullets 17c. tr lets horns mixed fir, Lee:herr: p. 20c, 'Barred Reels ('orker:ls 910.00 Der huncdrrcl. Leghorn ceekercls 92.00 per 100. A11 eggs set �,an 2a oz. eggs or better . and thigh producing' stoop. Gitarant,.e 7.00«;;, lief, delivery; $1.00 honky •our order. sia(lnnee x.0.17, S'ex1n> 'Depot, Chatham, Ontario. Is EARN HAIRDRESSING 'l'lIE Robertson Method.. Information on request regarding classes, Robertson's Hairdressing Acad- . emy, 187 Avenue Road, Toronto, MEDICAL " HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT Dixon's Neuritis and. Rheumatic Pain Remedy?? Tt gives good re- lOttawa. p.335 Elgin, 'Postpaid $1.00. STOMACH AND THREAD WORMS int humanstlall cages. Noilonee lin ut if this is your trouble? t Interesting par- ticulars --Free! Write Mulveney s Remedies, Specialists, Toronto 3, Ont. BAUMEEKA FOOT BALM destr offensive odor instantly,45c bottle. Ottawa agent. Denman Drug Store, Ottawa. A I TRIAL - is �"EP Yrs SUF DFD ER OFtF should try Dixon's Rendy. Munro's Drug Store: 835 E gin, Ottawa. Postpaid $1.00. PHOTOGRAPHY PROMPT MAIL SERVICE Send your film rolls to Canada's audio. ' 1 i n a 'u,sr largest bete rt b tar p 8 GET BETTER PICTURES AT LOWER PRICE Any Size Roli-6 or 8 Exposures, DEVELOPED AND PRINTED 25c A customer at l3ersvick, N.S., writes "1 want you to know how ' pleased I am with your 'wonder- ful work and prompt service." We have such letters from all over Can- ada,. FOR SALE 100 ACRES—ONE MILE FROM Perth. Mrs. E. J. Leach, B.R. No. 1 Perth. 180 ACRES, DAIRY FARM, BRICK • house, eight rooms,. bank barn. Implement shed, garage, lots of shade trees, artesian well, water in house and barns. Hydro, close to school, on paved road, seven - BE.miles from Baternan, Unionville.. - •1 R'�ri: ' Ggiori CLAY LQ,, •'with t Water;, hydro availaible, buiidin�' nmule:of Toronto, 'ood p,a e'plements, .stook,"dull line oft im- " ' sell complete•rnding new tr ,ctor., ' arate. Would tonsiatt"ek o tage with garden, and tw r Part payment. t2rltas2,Hornby. S. RBryant, 200 'ACRES—BURGESS, 5 MILESS'.ed from Perth. Wm. Matheson, Perth 8. • • 'ENLARGEMENTS i 2 for 26e 4s6" in Easel Mounts. SPECIAL PRICES ON FRAMING AND COLORING ted mounts 7x0" in Gnts old,rSilver, Cory ircas- sian Sian Valnut or Black Ebony finish fames, 59ez, eaaii. If enlargement STAR SNAPSHOT SERVICE Bok 129, Postal Terminal A, Toronto Print , on rA]lNadeesand Address TIME TESTED QUALITY SERVICE and SATISFACTION Your filmy properly developed and printed 6 Ott 8 EXPOSURE` ROLLS 25e REPRINTS 8 for 250 IaiNEST ENLARGING SERVICE YOU may not get all the films you want this year, but You can got all • you service 'desire the quality and SC v r film s to by sending yuu 'E11v10RIA NuOT 0 Snit VICE Station SI 'i'oronto, PATEIN'SS I''fnnelltS•i'(IN11J1P'i4 t ,'(101I'AN1 Istc:t11 8,luting' It'sat,itl,lieo 18011; 14 ilooklet.rfTit195i''�V,Yttr,Y, 1„n rtfi (Meet. .A 4 BURLINGTON, 5 OR 20 ACRES; apples and pears, bearing: no buildings. )3ox 141, 73 Adelaide West, Toronto. FARMS FOR SALE, IN TEMISK- aming district, close to highway, railway, markets, bargains. Write Zalek Vertlieb, Wawbewawa, Ont. 2000 BIRD NATURAL HILLY TUR- Anton Bench RammedTrouts Ponds, Fruit and fine furnished horse. Will coach buyer on operation. Whaling Turkey Ranch, Moore- field, Ontario. GOING FISI3IN(4 CATCH FISH no matter where they ar•e with magic lure. a Particulars 25e and stamp. N•Ka3g6 Ave. G. South, Saskatoon,a 100 REGISTERED POLLED HERE - ford cattle at auction July 3rd. For information and catalogue write Malcolm McGregor, Bran- don, Manitoba. FOR SALE—REGISTERED JER- scy bull, 2 years old, sire I3eautY's Triumph -1000570,—D= Calumet Jane -09.455 — Leo Cruickshank, Low, Que. of water, A gulf is three sides of land with one piece of wat- er." "William, I used to have a luxu- riant beard like yours but when looked at myself in the mirror, I decided to shave it off." Quick as a flash, William re- torted: "Sir, I once had a face like yours but when I looked at m;(s self in the mirror, I decided to grow a beard." ANGORAS "FASHION PLATE Strain" Pedigreed, Pairs Ten Dollars and Trios Fourteen Dol- lars. q (! west • 2 miles ' L 'mei W. L• Lymer, tars. on No. 2 Highway, L'owmunviUe, Ontario, Route 3. • T forCsa(le 95 cleared,SE GO acresACRES u bush and swamp; large stone house, new turnare, large bank barn, both well roared; picturesque lo- cation on county stoue road two miles from Acton; price, 97,000,00. Apply George -Somerville, Acton, Ont. fintiSliP411,9 FTieRM04 r -JaAXATI�, E. TABLETS s;;,Ti1Ct{LY ieved EV CONSTIPATION If you sutler from Reniorrhtids. (Piles) try getting relief through:" soothing gentle, action of FERMOL LAXATIVE TABLETS w h i o h oo 'many have found effective for thif1 condition. Go to your drug storeKt(1,. $; obtain FERMOL LAXATIVE TAB".): LETS—two months supplyr for $1 rt),; or write direct FERMOL DISTR11'_'J- TOR.S, LONDON, Ontario, Ji Ruhr S WE ARE NOW OFj''ERING DULL calves from a few weeks old to serviceable ago, by our herd sires and nut of good producing, high c'lsssitied dams. The best strains for type and production are rep- resented. Prices are most r r nson- ablo. DON fflSAD FARMS, RICH- MOND HILL, ONTARIO. NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS, Junior stork, 2 months, weight 4% ibs. mature at 12 lbs., 910.00 trio,- Pedigreed. rant Mid live delivery, We bay all you mime. Write: Milted Itnbi.litry, 'Dart- mouth, N.S.. FOR SALE NEW y.s,Pl$42,50—$44.00s-444.75 a 94$60. For women and girls, 912 60--$.45.00—$46:50 ,and 949.50 Mail, money order and write height of rider to McBride'?, 36.Queen East, Toronto. SE"WVING MACHINES REPAIRED _$1.50.. ,Parts extra. If reautr :d. Parts( still available. A. 4.,ilb:rt, . 2229 }unpas St.; Toronto. Vitro$ and ;ktrouse tly readable war iia and 'thorodated e1"euts; a matt•. ever one should ltmitad . everyone should owns Ment, 'S0 nuA. mber only. Send p y Pro•• Ca)ladian Fin St�eettiZoroi:to. 'r.:a ;,..3.1.8 BaY Mi + -` HI S' GENUINE II I N M A N .: and parts 1or 01d-stylmth r () Milkers. Service by Rowe & Company Limited, Pia. tributory, 47 Crang Ave., Tororso;. Ont.' DeWAI..T SAWS AND WV'OOi)WORI?;• Ing Machines. Newest types avail- able from direct factory repre- sentatives for Canada. Quotations, gladly fnrniahed on appl1esti 9. DeWe1t t7lahCr Corpora don l.td•. 402 West Ponder Si.. Vancouver, T3 C. $1.1P1'1` HARNESS DRESSING — c .re - 5. finest leather and 1 ru)•nc p also has mins ' f .rs Sh 1 servartivo. p houeshold uses 25c up et most grocers, hardware Ca Store Aproductof Lloyds .h - oratories. Toronto. 111LrC71'])COTS, NEW. O5141), bought. sold, rebuilt: b ell s, mines's, brushes. Allen Electric + onnpnny 140.. 25109 t)afferin Pl Toronto. RFLP WANTED EXPERIENCED FLOORMAN AND all round printer, permanent'posi- tion. Apply Pyle. •H791M., Near- ' est selective Service Office. WANTED F U L LY QUALIFIED teachers for Home Econom10ri and General Shop, to teachgrtr9e. work in morning periods. Write giving qualifications mid salary; expected; to A Colebournc S:d- rotary, 'Riverside Public SchroI Board; 345 Fairview B1v'd., River- side, Ont. r . $00.00 MONTTILY—W03IA1s FOR, general housew0,rk, good home. Mrs. C. IL Day, leurnharnthor_re Park Rd., Islington. ' 975.00 MONTHLY FOR E"` PER" ienecd single man on dairy farm. (Tractor and milking machines used). Apply Albert Rueii, ca)'dine, Ontario. • WANTED MANUFACTURER. L L` 1 R1R OF LIGHTNING rod emiipment.des,nes local ,sales- men for part-time work through-. _out Ontario. Drawing amount against eoiltirlisFriolls arranged. Apply 11, Phillips Conmpainy Lim» ' ited, 200 Alain Street, Toronto, ••. WILL PAY CASH POTS rOWE13:. Lawn Mower incl Electric"• Iiel'rll - eraton. Give all partieulat8 when, replying. 1031 Moy Aveiaue, W ird- ser, Out, 1a ANTED—OLD rO$TAGE STAMPS. Best cash- price paid. Send yoU) lots to A. Stern, 2001 St. s_aths erine E., Montreal, Que., or 801)11. • sunup fur particulars. 1'il()T1'TSTcANT TIPACHER AS PRIN deal for four room schoul. Closet disciplinarian. State t tutiitloa.t1ors and salary espetted., Duties to ca'nmeuce • September. Mrs. Join Wilding, See.-Treas.'t Ste. No. 5 ICoa'nh, R.11. 1, Ontario. 1`.0.1111 •MM'IIIN)05t't FARM TRACTORS 'WANTED, .\NY ('ONDiT11 N, ferably leordeon: also 8(1- 4l1 l0' built Fm'tls:ma 925(1.00 up Os 15 La Plante Aye., Toronto, MR. WOOL GROWER '.I`I91. 4 OLD T` TABLTSICRT 1) WO.'. e - til! S len 1,2111 Is under new m,neise- ment. IVe operate a feglste cd Government Wool ,Wart house are prepared to pureb t5e $rason'S wool clip (11) (.,iii: . merit (Iraal ing sltitedardi, and d•t• Government stipulnfed price s: THIS ST1'l.\TITIt()k \1'OOI.Tl:i MILLS I,IMITE!), S'1"1.A't'tllt(, ONTARIO. t 1 P n e� a t in of of Cc en S h: s1' bet Bet t1i1 for ar 'IV i Z IZ 19 'll