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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1944-01-13, Page 6i,TT ucYyx�, These two senior officers of the Canadian Army are -leading figures In changes in command of Canada's overseas army announced by Ottawa along with news of the retirement from active command of Gen. McNaughton. At left is Lieut. -Gen, H. D. G. Crerar, former chief of the general staff who commands a Canadian Corps fight-. Ing in the Mediterranean theatre. At right is Lieut. -Gen. Kenneth Stuart, present chief of the general staff who is now appointed thief of staff, Canadian Military Headquarters, London, and Acting Commander of the First Canadian Army. They are pictured together watching Canadian troop manoeuvres in Britain. OTTAWA REPORTS That Agriculture Is The Most Important Single Industry of Canadian People According to statistics, agricul- ture in this country employs al- most 30 per cent of the total gain- fulIy occupied population, and • about 34 per cent, or over one- third of the gainfully occupied males. It has been said that the dairy industry is the largest sin- gle branch of Canadian agricul- ture. With this in mind a consider- able amount of time was given by the delegates of the recent Do- minion -Provincial conference in Ottawa to the 1944 objectives of the dairy industry. It was estimated that nearly Safi of every one hundred pounds of milk produced in Canada dur- ing 1943 was marketed in concen- trated form. During 1944 about the same proportion and quantity of mill: production will also find .its way to the condensing plants. This will involve the conversion t4 some 600,000,000 pounds of milk tato nearly a billion pounds of concentrated milk products. * Evaporated whole milk is the largest of the concentrated milk .products and of the entire 1943 production about 141 million pounds was exported to the Unit- ed Kingdom, 12 million pounds to the British West Indies and to Newfoundland, while the remain- der was consumed by the armed forces_.and civilians in Canada. The next largest concentrated milk product is condensed whole prick, of which the 1944 produc- n goal is set at 24 million pounds, the same as in 1943. Most pi this product goes to the Brit- ish West Indies where, with its 44 per cent sugar content, it keeps BIG SHOT ROOTER Ai,' Chief Mlarshat Sir Arthur Tedder, who as deputy . supreme Allied e,:,ininander will play a r'a„cr role when the big invasion of Ertirope kicks off, keeps hi trim by kiel:ing off in a football h'twc'en f,fi'it'i`i's and axon at 1»riti. h North. African camp, Enlisted ,ted men won, 5 to 0. well despite tropical heat. For whole milk powder, the 1944 ob- jective is unchanged at 16,800,000 pounds. Its greatest outlet is in Red Cross parcels for prisoners of war, a pound to each parcel. The produetion of skim milk powder will also remain unchanged from the estimated 24 million pounds of last year. * * $ Although Canada makes some of the finest cheese in the world,. the average Canadian eats com- paratively little of it. About three out of every four pounds of cheese manufactured in Canada is ab- sorbed by the market in Great Britain. For generations Cana- dians have enjoyed the benefit of this British demand , for ^F their cheese and have continued to help meet it during this war. The gov- ernment requisitions all cheddar cheese made in Ontario and Que- bec for export. For 1944 it is es- tiinated that, 148,390,000 pounds will be manufactured This quan- tity is 61 per cent below 1943 but is at least 20 million pounds greater than in the average year immediately before the war. * r Present indications are that there will be less butter manu- factured this year. It appears that about 97 pounds of creamery but- ter will be manufactured in 1944 for every 100 pounds made last year, and the estimated total is 305 million pounds. Although most of this will be consumed by civil- ians, some will be earmarked for the armed forces and for ships' stores, some may be exported to Britain and some will be includ- ed in Canadian Iced Cross par- cels. During the year the aver- age civilian will eat about 29$1, pounds of butter, this is making allowance for the extra. portions secured in restaurants, Great Britain's Aid To Russia War lnatreials of all types have been given to Russia free of cost since Germany declared war .on her in 1941. Among many other things, 4,690 aircraft had been sent from Britain to Russia by the end of May, 1943. Goods to the value of £170,000,000 have been sent to Russia, This figure does not include the very large expense involved in opening and maintaining supply routes through Persia and around the North Cape, nor the unassessable cost in ships and men in convoys which have carried supplies. T}„E _._ _ C �� commentary on Current .hverits Allied Downpour Of Destruction On Fortress Europa During 1943 The pattern for the Allied air attach in 1:944 is clearly demon- strated by the heavy assaults on what remains of Berlin within the first week of the new year; As the capital and nerve centre of Germany, Berlin has .already been knocked out, says the New York Times, Some 25,000 tons of bombs and incendiaries • dropped or burned half of it; driving most Government offices into the Prov- inces, and another 20,000 tons are expected to finish it as Germany's industrial capital as well. .Results like this, achieved In the face, and even with the aid, of weather conditions which oply a short year ago would have made any raids impossible, are highly impressive. The air enthusiasts still contend that, given time..and the means, all Germany can be knocked out from the air alone, However that may be, it is .cer- tain that the .bombers have cr's).at- ed conditions in Germany which not only helped the Russians achieve their great victories but are also making feasible an invas- ion of Europe from the west. These conditions could be created only by the air arm, without which an invasion would have been im- possible. "Downpour" Figures How this was done is illustrat i ed by the figures published at the turn of the year. They show that during the past year the R,A.F, dropped a total of 155,000 tons on Axis territory, of which 135,000 fell on Germany. The United States Eighth Air Force dropped 55,000 tons on • Axis territory, and the Northwest African Strategic Air Force more than 74,000 tens. This makes a combined total :for 1943 of 284,000 tons, compared with only 14,000 tons in 1940, 33,- 000 tons in 1941, and some 50,000 tons in 1942..In contrast, Germany has been able to drop only 75,000 tons on Britain throughout the whole war. According to the calculations of the British Bomber Command, this Allied downpour of destruc- tion has knocked out twenty -Pour German towns, including such cities as Hamburg, Bremen and the whole Ruhr area, and severe- ly damaged twenty. more, What is equally important, the -Allied air assault has forced Germany to concentrate 70 per cent of ;tsar fighter strength in the West. Of this the Eighth Air Force reports 4,100 fighters destroyed, 911 more probably destroyed and 1.821 damaged. The Northwest Af- rican Command reports 3,146 planes shot down and 2,426 strayed on the ground. The R.A.F. reports 232 night fighters de- stroyed and hundreds more dam- aged. This makes a grand total of around 12,000 German planes put out of action during the year, which is probably equal tb Ger- many's total production in that category. Technical Advances These results have been achiev- ed in part as a result of technical advances which have converted the clouds hanging over Germany from a handicap into an asset, forcing from Hitler the reluctant admission that "in the sphere of technical inventions the scales in 1943 were possibly_tilted in favor of our enemies." What these in- ventions are is, Of course, a sec- ret, But the pathfinder planes Which unerringly. find their tar- ' gets, and ring these targets with flares for the following bomb., 1ers, give a suggestion of what Hitler means, Having lost the naval war, Germany has also lost the air war. And the loss of these two wars spells her doom in the and war as well. Crucial Period for Reich In Europe the 1.1:3. Eighth Air Force co-operating with the RAF and the RCAF has stretched the Luftwaffe to the breaking point. Lieutenant General Arnold, chief of United States Army Air Forces, foresees the time in the near fu- ture when the battle attrition of enemy planes, together with the destruction 'of factories building fighter planes and parts, will bring "a crucial period which may determine the survival or dostruc- tion of .the Luftwaffe as au effec- tive fighting force," What that would mean can only be estimat- ed, but with all Germany at the mercy of our bombers, if Is doubtful if the Nazis could long sustain their armies in the field or the morale of their civilian population. Certainly the cost of invadigg Europe and liberating its conquered people would be far less, It would be a tragedy if that opportunity presented itself and we were unable to take advantage of it. But there is a limit to the endurance of both men and ma• chines, The time comes when planes have to be taken out of action for overhaul and repair, and when strained nerves and bodies .must be given a chance to rest. The Luftwaffe learned that in the ,autumn of 1940, • when, in beating down the RAF's gallant defence of Britain, it exhausted itself and was unable to turn a tactical success into a strategic victory. More Planes Needed It is the fear of Allied air com- manders that before the great land battle opens for the libera- tion of Europe there will be a chance to win it in the air, but that for lack of replacements of crews and planes they may have to hold back and give the enemy that breathing -space which some- times means the difference be- tween victory and defeat. Gen, Arnold issued a solemn warning against permitting any lag in the United States scheduled produc- tion of 145,000 planes in the next fifteen months. "Not one 'of our air forces has the planes it should., have," says General Arnold. "Every one could use `~:trouble • the number it now possesses. The biggest battles in the air and on Land are yet to be fought. We will need every plane we can produce." The Book Shelf MEN, WOMEN AND DOGS By James Thurher Not since 1932 has there been a collection of James Thurber's drawings. In the Intervening ten years his international reputation has been steadily growing. His work has been exhibited from Hollywood to London, in New York, San Francisco, Boston, and many other places. During this time there has accumulated a treasury of material, a wealth of,.. his observations and fancies, from which he has collected and sel- ected the drawings in this new book. Among the important and familiar series, reproduced here in book form for the first time, is the con. plete chronicle of his fatuous War Between Men and Women. These and the hundreds of other draw- ings make a volume representing an unrivalled Thurber decade, Men, Women and Dogs ... By James Thurber. George J. McLeod, Limited Price $3.75, Influenza Epidemic An Ancient Enemy The first .recorded epidemic of influenza is believed to be that described by Hippocrates in 412 B.C., states the New York Her- ald Tribune. By the Middle Ages medical descriptions had become sufficiently standardized so that the epidemic of 1173 could be definitely authenticated as in- fiuenza. The epidemic of 1918-19 came in three waves, the first and last of which were relatively light in respect of fatalities in most coun- tries. For a time during the World War influenza and the various diseases that followed it, such as pneumonia ,took higher toll on the battlefields than did bullets. The total deaths through- out the world from influenza and the diseases to tvhich it contrib- uted in 1918-19 VMS estimated to be as high as 25,000,000, ROYAL BANK'S ' ASSETS PASS $1/z • BILLION New high records in practically all departments .are revealed by the Royal Bank of Canada for tb,e year ended Nov. 30. Total assets, which a year ago reached the high- est point in the bank's history; now stand at $1,509,097,571 as compared with $1,291,616,946 :on Nov, 30, 1942. Deposits likewise reached a new high level, and now total 31,380,769,152, an increase of snore than $216,000,000.,, Current loans in Canada aro over $,22,700,000, at $277,921,237, This increase is due largely to increased borrowing by the public for the purchase of the Fifth Vic- tory Loan. Apart from this, many firms found it unnecessary to borrow because of rapid turn- over and prompt settlement of accounts in connection with war production. Furthermore inven- tories are, generally speaking, lower. Loans outside Canada show a moderate reduction. Quickly realizable assets equal 78.09 per cent. of the bank's lia- bilities to the public. There has been a marked expansion in liquid assets which now total $1,104,703,- 439, as compared with $906,440,239 Profits Dividends Pension Fund Bank premises Prey, balance a year ago, Included in these liq- uid. assets are Dominion and Pro- vinelal securities amounting to $641,898,620, an increase of 3122,- 000,000, .Cash on hand, deposits with the Bank of Canada, other cash items and bank balances, stand at $323,225,988, compared. with $261,884,475 in November, 1942. After providing $2,281,952 for Dominion taxes, an increase of $267,786, and after providing for bad and dpubtfui debts, profits amounted to $3,426,289, a moder- ate increase over the figure for the previous • year, From these profits dividends amounting to $2,100,000 were paid. For the pension fund an appropriation of $370,000 was set aside and $400,000 for bank . premises. The sum of $556,289 was carried forward to the balance of profit and loss ae- count 'whish now stands at $3,- 815,487. The annual general meeting will be held at the liead office Tan. 13, at 11 a,m, Profit and loss accountfigures compare with those of the prey - lolls year, ending Noy. 30, as fol. 1943 3,426 289 2,100,000 1,326,289 370,000 400,000 556,289 3,259,198 1942 x3,390,123 2,626,000 765,123 315,000 400,000 50,123 3,209,075 x --After providing 3,815,487 3,259,198 $2,281,952 for taxes ($2,014,166 in 1942)' and after appropriations to contingency reserves, out of which pro- vision for bad and doubtful debts has been made. LIABILITIES 1943 Capital Stock 35,000$000 Res. fund P. & L. balance 20,000,000 Dividends 573,391 Deposits 1,380,769,152 Duto banks e 19,122,046 Notes in circ. 12,851,34$ Letters of cred. 31,135,037 Other Nabs. 1,831,109 1942 35,000,000 20,000,000 3,259,19$ 583,864 1,164,152,714 17,064,478 18,271,281, 31,156,432 2,127,979 1,509,497,571 1,291,615,946 ASSETS 19443 18942 121,801,506 101,614,203 147,888,518 101,291,518 53,535,964 58,908,754 641,898,620 519,801,345 50,721,946 46,029,701 42,164,676 489365 46,692,209 29,791,062 278,715,605 256,835,638 2,479,528 1,770,545 13,472,817 15,961,151 55,225,771 59,276,982 14,711,066 15,733,087 35,135,037 31,156,432 4,654,308 4,941,869 Notes and den. Bank of Can....,,.., Other cash and bank balance Cheques on other banks Dom. & Prov. Gov't secs. U.S., and British Gov't secs. Mun: and other secs. Call loans Loans Canada Loans to Prov, Gov't Loans to cities, etc. Loans outside Canada - Bank prem„ etc. Letters of credit Other assets 1,509,097,571 1,291,615,946 . LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher Mon, if Harvey calm, I'in out . . . if it's Robert, I' , I1cu,e and if it's Billy, you'll have to look and see." REQ'LAR FELLERS—The Disappearing---� � Act (11-1ATS A PEACH OP A HOCKEY STICK PVC)/ MY STICK bMEt' HAS SWEET 1RoN off 'fl41. SOTTISP1 $VT yoORs MS IT Al -t. alas. vJAl DOWN 114a. NANDL e. 1 $OimotAIED t 1 FROw NvY Ut 642011AM 9INHEAD r 1 h\12 4 *low Plt41-1egD nWtauD Roc,liEY s"CiC1Ct By GENE B YRN.ES Loot< WHAT lARPSE1,4ED'-o MY .Cin, otc,wwwxrxWsamdMi.1K r *. flet Ali r:vtBv+ieee -r.