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Zurich Herald, 1943-03-25, Page 2DUDE FROM LONDON • iSddie Lee, R.A.F. cadet from London now training in Arizona, climbs aboard a pinto pony with assistance of fancy rider Polly Mille at Phoenix rodeo. THE WAR -WEEK — Commentary on Current bventS Britain Poured Millions Of Cash Dollars Into American Industry By Lord Halifax In The American Magazine Two years before the United States was plunged into the war, the British. Government was pour- ing millions of cash dollars into American industry—to the makers of aircraft engines and propellers, ordnance, ammunition, machine tools motor vehicles, and ships. The total thus spent since Sep- tember, 1939, has been $3,200,- 000,000. Most of this considerable sum went for purchases, but fully $200,- 000,000 was spent outright to ex- pand factories and build new ones —the very factaries which today are leading producers at America's arsenal of democracy. The airplane industry may be taken as an example. . . . While American capacity for construct- ing airplane frames was fairly adequate to . meet the increased needs, there was hardly any air- plane engine and propeller indus- try at all. It had to be built from We ground up. . The British began furnishing the money for plant expansion and construction, and a total of $89,- 000,000 hasgone into capital as- eistance — which. means lend, • aluldert?e,,e and, most impOrtant, rattolaine tool. Six famous Ameri- an corporations received the bulk of this assistance. American Advantage But this is only a drop in the bucket. Altogether British expendi- tures with the American aircraft industry total some $1,750,000,000. While this may not seem a stag - goring sum In the light at !crease- quent Con.gressional appropria- tions, it meaus that America had an airplane industry built up and operating when she realized her peril—an industry that would have taken a much longer time to Reveals Secrets Of Self -Defence "C,hin Jab" Effective When Delivered By a Tiny Woman build up had it not been for Bri- tain's earlier assistance. . . . Or let us consider tanks. The United. Nations today have We finest tank in the world—the 23 - ton General Sherman. It is the custom M both armies to think of this General Sherman as an American product, and so in one sense it is, but in another it is • a joint Anglo-Amerioan enterprise. The forerunner of the General Sherman was a tank the Ameri- cans called the General Lee. It was slightly lighter. We in Brit- ain had the Mark .V1, which we believed to be a match for any likely opponent until it went against the Germans in the Battle of France and was decisively beat- en. We stopped making the Mark VI at once and sent our experienc- ed veterans to the United States to buy quantities of the General Lee. Perhaps you can imagine our dismay in those dark weeks after Dunkirk to discover that the Gen- eral Lee had all the faults and weaknesses of the Mark VL • There was no time to build an Major W. E. Fairburn, the Brit- ten Commando who for many years instructed the Shanghai Municipal Police in the arts of mayhem, re- veals some extraordinarily force. tat secrets of selddefence for women in his new book "Hands Off!" says "Your Life" Magazine. For instance, there is the "chin jab." This is a blow delivered with the base or heel of the hand, quite capable of knocking a man uncoil - scions even when delivered. by a tiny wornan. The right arm is bent M We elbow, palm open drrward, much as if you were taking the oath in court. Then the Palm is bent backward as far as possible, fingers and thumbs open, some- thing like claws. Now you're ready sock him—aim to crack him te- der the chin with the heel of your palm, deliveriug a rock -crushing blow with follow-through from the ehoulder. Amazing, the force a mite of a woman can deliver with this blow! And if it happens to miss the chin, those open clawing angers will gouge the enemy'a ayes should the satiation become that drastic. Suppose somebody seizes you by the throat with two hands, forcing von back against a wall. Roll up the whites of your eyes (that will nr it him off guard), Wen suddenly shoot up both your hands inside his arms in a double chin jab, and 'all the ambulance. Another use- fal weapon when someone seizes you around the waist in an. newel - wane bear bug is the human head. Skulls netorlousiy vary it solidity, but the dainty head of a woman is entirely capable of redistributing an assailant's features when bang- ed into •h le face. Pse your bead - as a battering ram, Over 27 tone of rabbit skins were sold In Dunedin, New Zea- land, in a recent week. I have been tour that the output of machine tools in America is expected to reach 'S1,500,000,009, next year -ea grometta which, ,e01114, hardly have been achieVed out halal British impetus. • Concerning Ships Before we leave the iirduStrial phase of 13ritain's co-operative wai effort, let us examine the 'natter' of ships. Some people would be to learn that the Lib- erty ship being turned out in the United States today is basically °V: British design, and that. two of the Shipyards now achieving produe-: ton. miracles were built with Diltr. !eh money. The story begins in September, • 1940, when the British Merchant Shipbuilding' lelission came to the United States to place orders for 60 cargo vessels. After surveying the field, they -could find no ship- yard or group- of shipyards capa- ble of building them rapidly. They decided, therefore, to build the yards. Sites were selected and purchas- ed at Richmond, Cal., and Port- land, Ore. Two brand-new Ameri- can companies were formed to build the yards and the ships; One of these, the Todd -California Ship- building corporation, at Richmond, had for its president Mr. Henry Kaiser, who mat- that mo-nent !had never built a shin. It is hardly necessary to speak of MT. Kaiser's exploits. He built the shipyard and 30 ships in ap- proximately 18 months. Less well known, but hardly leas spectacular, -was the achievement of the new shipbuilding company at Portland, which accomplished a similar feat in 22 months. The entire project cost the British $125,000,000. The most recent figures an able to find show that Great Brit- ain's war production per head of population is still greater than that of any other nation on earth. • That doesn't sound like business as usual. . . . Populations Compared Britain has a population of 33,- 000,000 between the ages of 14 and 65. Of these, 22,000,000 are .work- ing full time in either industry, the armed forces, or civilian de - tense. This is equivalent to the mobilization -ot about 60,000.000 people in the United States. Women between the ages of 20 and 30 are liable to conscription in the armed services, and while alt women between 19 and 45 have been registered for employment, those between 18 and 30 mayonly bo engaged through the offices of th.e employment exchanges. . • • Nor can it be said with any truth that Britain is building up-etock- entirely new tanir British and lanes ,et surplua. eal,tg* u. American. englineers •'sat . down ,dtra-- - whilet:aoatitauliag'VaktakCil gether wli.h our men who had can from the tJn'lted States. n theen.,,in France and made changes 1ur. 941 we exported fotimes as ta the General Lee. Even while they were making preliminary *ketches British money was being vent to rebuild American fac- tories and equip them with new tools. Out of this surge of effort came the first General Grant, which proved adequate to hold the Germans in North Africa. in 1940. But still it was not good enough, Pulling Together Lt the ensuing weeks national- ities were forgotten; Amerioaus, Englishen en, Canadians, Scotsmen Worked Side by side designing, t s t in g, discarding. A,merican, money and British. money went over the same counters. And out of Jilts came the new General Sherman, which, as every one knows, was a potent factor in the British 8th Army's brilliant vie - tory over Rommel's vaunted Afri- lta Korps. . . • have mentioned machine tools. . . The normal volume of the American. machine -tool industry is $250,000,000 a year. Long before the United States began its arma- ment program, Great Britain launched a program of "float or- ders" in the American factories . . . the effect of which was to form a pool of standard machine tools from which both British and American firms could draw. By raid -1940 this pool was an aceona plished' veality—and the volume of the industry had been raised to $350,000,000. By the time of Pearl Harbor the annual volume had risen to $750,- 000,000, three times its pre -War aim But far more important was the fact that indispensable ma- chine tools were on hand to make possible the overnight conversion of many factories to wartime ends. many aircraft as we received from other countries, and sent out 15 times as many tanks as we took In. . .. And thus we arrive at the moot question of lease -lend. What some Americans often for- get is that lease -lend is reciprocal. It works both ways. Supplies fur- nished to the American troops prior to and during the invasion of North Africa may be cited as au example. During the last six months of 1942 these supplies rep- resented approximately 1,125,000 hips' tons, of a value which can- not be estimated. They ranged from airplanes and assault boats to candy and beehives, An Important Gift Typical of the spirit of lease - lend, I think, is an incident which occurred in the last few days be- fore the invasion, when American fliers discovered they needed radio equipment of a new typo. They had. no such equipment among their supplies, but the R.A.V. had some. Without an instant's argu- ment, R,A,F. fliers stripped their own planes and helped install their apparatus in the American machines. Beside this it seems al- most ridiculous to mention that British lease -lend supplied Aineri- can troops with 2,000,000 blanketa. 2,000,000 sets of underwear, and 4,000,000 pairs of wool socks. . . But perhaps the story can be summed to most comprehensively In the language of dollars and cents. in the last war the United States War Department alone spent more than $2,000,000,000 for •supplies In Great Britain and France. This time, up to Decem- ber, 1942, all United States forces together spent ouly about $1,000,- 000. condoners 'Mail' oinbs To Ad,' If IA. SaNings Stamps Bought and Plastered on 500 -Pounders Thousands of Londoners, and Canadian and American soldiers, too, from a crowd of about 1,000,- 000 pushing through Trafalgar SqUare, bought savings stamps and plastered theni on two 500 -pound bombs in the square "for delivery to Hitler." The biggest London crowds since the Coronation packed the square in a great rally to buy savings stanips and certificates in the second day of the capital's "Wings For Victory" week. The Govern- ment hopes to raise £150,000,000 the week. At one time an estimated 100,- 000 jammed into the square in which a big Lancaster bomber, veteran of many raids on Ger- many, had been set up. The lions at the root of Nelson's column dis- appeared -under the swarm of humanity. 'With Love To Hitler" Speakers urged the crowds to buy more certificates and stamps, and to spend less upon themselves, Londoners lined up to buy stamps, and then stood in line again to stick them on the bombs set be- neath the Lancaster. Soon the bombs were covered with stamps, six thick in places. They ranged in value from six- tence to five shillings and the purchasers cancelled them with such messages as "with love to. Hitler." The Government prom- Bluey and Curley !of the Anzacs You SHOULD, AVE SEEN TAM* P1.ITZ-7 Go CR.00K1 uct tsSLOOMINI° N. IRON CMOS'S Ol/. LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher • //C. —2. ,`"",11:E- aidZeed "Are you sure l'm getting the bet grade of gas? i'm - not having much success with my cooking." d ieed that the stamps would be de- livered along with the bombs to Gemany. 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Merchant ships and war vessels, tanks, artillery, shells, aircraft, parachutes, supplies for the forces, ammunition of all kinds, depth charges, innumerable wood and tea -tile war products, chemicals, explosives, are major items of our • output from a vast manufacturing complex powered by enormous hydro- electric resources. War demands on our industries and agriculture, and our increasing participation in the Navy, Merchant Marine, Air Force, Army, and Women's Auxiliary Services, are absorbing all our man and woman power. Quebec supports to the limit every war and Victory Loan and every war campaign for funds, overtopping all objectives. Education is making great strides and is now focussed on war needs. Quebec is keeping faith! We warmly welcome all our fellow Canadians whose business brings them to Quebec Province. Though our people toil night and day for our common Victory, our hospitality to visitors is as warm as of old while the quaint charm and scenic beauty of Quebec remain unchanged.. We cordially invite our friends in Ontario and elsewhere in Canada to visit us again when if Victory has been won, Enquiries promptly attended io al THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC TOURIST AND PUBLICITY BUREAU, 200 Bay Street, Toronto, or Quebec City. C KE E PS "Which is yours, Fritz?" -WELL, WRY DONT 'MR 6IVE n. BACK *IM ? AFTER% ALL IT PROBABLY MEAR6 A LOT To Poo- cooT/ MAYBE You RIGHT/ By Gurney; (Australia) RE.'i' YOU1 COME Mb PICK YOUR IRA* CROSS our Tv46 LITILE LOT f insetwo.666moimion....tonitilemiNsomomimhomoltnamotome...106*..itom.h.mhoilakwinwv.,m;nroa rionsvroNvefi