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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1917-10-26, Page 3DOMESTIC SCIENCE AT HOME Fifteenth Lesson—Rye, Graham and Health Breads. Nature provided man with grains i bowl to rise for three hours, in a warm containing valuable nutriment neces-, place, free from all drafts, about eigh- sary to maintain life. Man, eraaving; ty degees Fahrenheit in temperature, luxury, discovered a process of' milling Now mold into two loaves. Place In or refining the meal which is made well -greased pans and return to place from the grains, By grinding grain to rise for one hour. Bake in an oven into white flour, which is a process of of 325 degrees Fahrenheit ,fof fifty refining, much of the vital element is minutes. Remove from oven. Brush the tops of bread with melted butter, then lay on a rack to col. Rye Bread Two and one-half cupfuls of water, two medium-sized potatoes. Peel the potatoes then cut h thin slices and renioveu. The vitamins and mineral elements so very necessary for human struc- ture of teeth and bones and bodily wel- fare are lost. The human body requires sixteen elements for its daily well-being. boil until soft. Rub through fine sieve. These elements are found in mother Now cool to eighty degrees Fah - nature, the earth, thee -rains and the renheit. This amount should measure vegetables. The loss of any one of two cupfuls. Place in a bowl and add: these plays havoc with the body; by , two tablespoonfuls of sugar, two tea - discarding several more, their loss is , spoonfuls of salt, two tablespoonfuls plainly seen. i of metled shortening, one yeast cake, Now is the acceptable time to return! two cupfuls of white flour, one and to the foods of our granddads, name one-half cupfuls of cornmeal. Place ly, to eat whole meals. Bread made the ingredients in bowl in the order from whole wheat forms an ideal ra- given. Beat well, to mix. Set sponge tion; it furnishes protein,carbohy-to rise for one and a half hours in a drates some fats ad mieral salplace about eighty degrees Fahren- and a'portion of the bulk that ha an heit. Then add three cupfuls of rye exceedingly good effe*, upon the lutes- flour. Knead well for fifteen minutes. Return to place and let rise for two tines. hee absorbent qaulities of whole ' hours. Mold into loaves and let rise wheat make it necessary to lessen the for forty-five minutes. Bake in a floun,.when making bread.moderate oven for fifty minutes. Rye ,flour contains slightly less': Caraway seeds may be added if desir- gluten than wheat flour; this• gluten is of a tough character. A portion of wheat flour is necessary to produce ed Gluten Bread One cupful of water eighty de - a good loaf. In many parts of Europe grees Fahrenheit, one tablespoonful of . it is the necessary staff of life, and is' sugar, one teaspoonful of salt, one - known as black bread. In the old half of yeast cake. Mix in the order country the bread is frequently baked given. Crumble in the yeast cake and in batches sufficiently large enough to add sufficient gluten flour to form a last a family from six to eight or from thick batter that will drop from the eight to ten weeks. !spoon. Brit well for ten minutes, Graham flour is flour made from'' then set tf� place of eighty degrees whole wheat. The outer coat and some Fahrenheit for one and one-half hours. of the bran are removed. It finds Beat for five minutes with spoon. Pour favor with many persons who dislike in well -greased pans. Set to rise for entire wheat bread. one and one-quarter hours. Bake in Gluten bread is made from whole- hot oven, 350 decrees Fahrenheit, for wheat flour. The starch is removed forty minutes, reducing the heat to by. washing. The residue is then 300 degrees during the last twenty mi - dried and it is finally prepared into flour. It is used in special cases of • diabetes, kidney, liver and intestinal troubles. Whole -Wheat Bread o cups of water, one tablespoon if sugar, one teaspoonfuls of salt, ablespoonfuls of shortening, one cake, five cupfuls of whole - lour. . Dissolve the sugar and ng in boiling water. Cool to Agrees Fahrenheit, then add east cake and floor. Knead nu es. Milk may be used in place of water in the above recipes. In northern. Europe barley flour is used in making bread. Try using one and one-half cupfuls of barley flour in place of all -white flour. The bread has a delicious nutty flavor and is parti- cularity healthful bread for children. If unable to obtain the barley flo>;r or meal, use the cream of barley cereal;. first cook it into. a stiff mush. Add two . cupfuls . of this to the ;bread minutes Put in greased.. sponge, • ow To Save The Fats. would be a wholesome economy and a sen now on the menu.will require scientific advancement to prepare all care and forethought to have it cream sauces without the use of but - e seely balanced, if one is to keep ter. tan ej ex eeces and eliminate waste. In order to thoroughly explain this p , method,. it will first be necessary to ee '"Fats, at this season of the year, are classify eream sauces as follows: pay' among the most valuable food units. Thin cream sauce, such as is used in ..e"" They furnish heat and energy to the cream soups, purees, au gratins, etc. body. But fats are also scarce in the Medium cream sauce, such as is used •inarkets and cost the housewife a pro- for vegetables, fancy sauces, ets. portionally high price. Heavy cream sauce, such as is used Ways to Utilize for molds, cutlets, etc. Carefully trim off all pieces of fat The Proportions It should not be necessary for the housewife to tarn to a cook book or a chopper. Place, in a saucepan con- taining sufficient cold water to cover and cook slowly until the fat, when pressed hi a sieve, will yield no mois- ture. Strain and stand the liquid aside to cool. When cold remove the cake of hard white fat on top. This fat may be used in place of butter for cake and cooky making and also for that accompany meat. Cut fat into small pieces or put•it through the food recipe each time that she wishes to prepare a sauce, if she will place this recipe on her kitchen cabinet door, next to the flour bin. One and one-half level tablespoon- fuls of flour for thin cream sauce: Two and one-half level teaspoonfuls of flour for medium cream sauce. Five level tablespoonfuls of flour frying. Beef fat may be combined for heavy cream sauce. with other fats in proportion of one 'to each half-pint cupful of milk or part of beef fat to one part each of mutton and pork. Melt it and then strain. This .Jan be used for iry- ing, etc. Do not waste a single bit of fat. Personally oversee the food before it is stored away. Remove all the surplus water. How to Prepare the Sauce Use a saucepan that is absolutely clean for making sauces. The outside of the pan is as important as is the in- side, for if heat or scorch marks are fat. Persistently dram all fat from apparent on the outer surface of the the pans used for sauteing (frying). ! pan this will have a tendency to Use a spatula to remove it as much • scorch the milk, when large quantities as possible. Set aside the saucepan and kettle containing the water in which meats were cooked. Let the water cool and then remove all the fat. Clarify it by placing it in. a saucepan containing an equal amount of water and one-quar- ter teaspoonful of bicarbonate of soda. Let this come to a boil. Boil for five minutes and then strain and cook. Lift the cake of fat from the water and"put it in a cool place until needed. This fat may be used for pastry, cook- ies and frying. Eliminate the use -of butter in sauce. Butter is a fat that is not suitable for cooking purposes. This is because the butter, when heated to a tempera- ture that will cook food,' burns, thus setting up a decomposition in the fatty particles, which' -renders it unfit for food purposes, and if it is used it will frequently products intestinal disturb- ances. Butter is not necessary in the mak- ing of sauces, In July, 1914 the Culin- ary Society of Paris decided that it SEIl'PI]`NG VEGETABLE SEEDS. Southern California to Furnish. Allies With Garden Varieties. For the first time inhistory, the United States is sending vegetable seeds abroad. Speeding' across the continent -hound for "Somewhere in France"—is a carload of embryonic Southern California products, the first installment of 500 tons that will be sent to, the allies to aid them in feed- are cooked. Place the flour and cold milk in the saucepan and now take a wire beater or egg whip and beat the milk and flour smooth. Place on the fire and. bring quickly to the boiling point, beat- ing hard all the time that the sauce is cooking. Cook for three minutes after the boiling point is reached at a very low temperature; that is, if using the gas, turn it off and let the sauce cook on the hot burner for this length of time. Now the constant beating has blend- ed the flour and milk into a rich -creamy, sauce that would be impossible to obtain under the old method of us- ing butter, flour and milk, and then just stirring it until rooked. Remem- ber that the secret is the constant beating. Try this method and eliminate all the fats from sauces and gravies. By this you' are doing your bit in helping to conserve the food element, which is important to our nation as are our soldiers, our sailors and our guns. ing themselves. The seeds sentare endive, radish, carrot, lettuce, tomato and other gar- den varieties. It is estimated that the initial carload will plant from 50,000. to 00,000 acres of truck. If the en- tire tonnage reaches Europe safely, it. means that nearly 1;000,000 acres may be planted for which otherwise there would be no seed. It is expected that. California will keep up indefinitely the sending of vegetable seeds to tho allies, some day by an imitation of 13 414 and possibly yogi will not detect this imitation until, the tee, -pot reveals it. Demand always the genuine "Salada' i in the sealed alum;hiurril packet, and seer that you get 4if you want that unique flavour of 2rcwbi ., clean reaves properly prepared and packed. The Tale of a Tin of Tea. There were all sorts of folks on the shelf—"though we don't expect to be here long," they hastily assured • all newcomers. And, indeed, they were constantly shifting, and as they never knew at what minute they. would be called, every hour or so with great - ceremony they took leave of each other. "If I can just come out in a glass dish I'll be happy; you know the set- ting is so important!" fluttered a glass of strawberry jam to a bottle of sweet pickles towering above her. "I am sure, my dear. I hope that. you may," remarked the pickles condescendingly. "Now, what worries me is the com- pany. Everything depends upon the company in which I am served. In- deed, my career can be ruined by an inexperienced housewife!" "Same here!" grunted a can of beans irritably. "Any number .of things may happen to me. I may be burned nice prospect, being burned —or I may be served in a cold dish!" All the other canned goods shivered in sympathy. "There is nothing worse than being served'up cold; no chance at all in that case," mumbled a maca- roni can dismally. "But why think of such unpleasant things?" queried .a tin of tea that stood off byj$ el+;"`n? "the corner. - —Are' 3' to eili lust as 'Fee- ly to come out in fine style?" - "There she goes again!" said the chili sauce coldly. "Always preaching!" - "You're talking through your lid!" snapped the chow -chow. . "But then what could we except of one who has been so long on the shelf. What do you know of the world?" "Very of- ficious if any one should ask me, cor- recting your betters!" The last re- mark was made by a can of vegetable soup. "What value have you?" he asked sternly. "None whatever!" he answered his own question. "And, moreover, you are the cause of a great deal of gossip and time wasting," he added right- eously. . "You have—" What ever else he had to say was lost, for at that minute the grocer's boy ran nimbly up the ladder and seizing the can, snatch- ed him off in the middle of his speech, which threw the whole company in such a flutter that they began saying good -by upon the spot. All except the little tin of tea. It withdrew fur- ther than ever into the corner and thought sadly of its future. It had been told so many times that it had no food value and was only a means of wast - ing time and fuel that it had come to believe it. "Never mind," whispered the straw- berry jam. "I've often heard that tea was comforting! Don't mind the soup; he has too much red pepper in his make-up!" `'here is always one in a company whe must stand the ill humor of the rest, and as the tea was too polite to argue and too good-natured to resent the insulting remarks of the grocery people, it had rather become the fash- ion on the shelf to slight her. "Will no one every buy nee?" sighed the poor tin to herself. "Will I never get out into the world?" And one morn- ing, in the midst of a bitter argument between the chow -chow and chili sauce as to how many people had been into the shop, the tin of tea was reached for. What consternation among the shelf folk. They imagined she would be the last to go; for why should tea be preferred to solid nourishment? Why, indeed? As for the - tea, she was so glad to be off that she • almost burst out of the tin. "The very thing!" murmur- ed a kind voice, picking her out of the basket. "I'll send it off by this post!" "Dost?" thrilled the little tin of tea. Then sheeewas to travel! And travel -IV did ,- neat brown paper wrap. rrrlsa. _,tr 7i Sr/',,l, are going Po . eene'e WORDS OF WISDOM. Meet this day manfully. Itwillhelp you to be a better man for the mor row, An error isn't a sin until made the second time. The man that everybody likes, gen.- erally_likes everybody. The neighbor who returns borrowed tools at the time , • specified can be trusted. Lend to him even unto the seventh time. A man with his heart in his work is not concerned about obstacles. He. overcomes them. There is a wide difference between the politician hunting a job and one hunting work. This is a good time to place an em- bargo upon the tongue. The tempta- tion to say too much is sometimes ir- resistible. When building a new house or re- modeling an old one, lee sure to have the living -room the sunniest one of them all. • This will help to make it what every living -room should be— the best room in the house. Haven't you a good many times tried hard to think what that good thought was you had away out in the back lot, and couldn't to save your life? That's why it would be a good thing to take a slip of paper and pen- cil along wherever you go. Write it down. Then it won't get away from you. Heaven is large and affords space for all modes of love and fortitude. Why should we be busybodies and superserviceable? Action and inac- tion are alike to the true. One piece of the tree is cut for a -weathercock and one for the sleeper of a bridge; the virtue of the wood is apparent in both. Much ' of the backache from which very many housewives suffer, might be avoided if women would sit down while doing some of their kitchen work. One of the kitchen stools which are made for that purpose, makes this easily possible, as they are of the right size and height to use at most kitchen takes. An old piano stool is better still, as it is adjustable. The boys whose mothers inculcate the good old-fashioned rule "girls first," are those who make courteous, well-mannered men. If they are taught at home to wait on their sis- ters and be polite to them, it will not be a painful, awkward effort to be gracefully polite and deferential to other girls and women. Good man- ners count for more than good looks in making friends. Woman is to -day entering on a new era,- 11-0£-prnmi.er. . -T1,e ,vorrtr`"'ls- willing now to give her a chance to show what she can do, because it needs -her help. The eager but effi- cient aid she gives to the Red Cross, her thoughtful provision for the needs of our soldiers and the valuable in- dustrial work she is doing, show that she can be depended upon for her full share of help when she is granted full- er opportunities for service. Each day there are more opportunities arising for women to organize and -Ay are daily finding, that in union there is power. GAY HALLOWE'EN. .t'il't It � L Via ong, "Mg iournoy .aaad. would take 'a long, long time to tell you of, so let us skip to the journey's ending -that far country of war. 'What a noisy place!" thought the tin of tea as it came out of its wrap- ping. "What—" What the little tin was thinking will never be known, for such a roar went up that thoughts of every kind were drowned. "Tea!" shrilled a score of voices. "If I were only of food value," flut- tered the tea as it fell head over heels into the big bent tin pot. "Those poor boys—if I could only help them!" Scarcely waiting for the steam to rise, a dozen brown hands filled their cups. Drinking off the scalding liquid, they joked and smiled. Many of them thought of home. And well that they hurried, for next instant came a quick command. Out over the top of the trenches they swept to victory. "'Twas the tea that put heart into us!" chuckled one of them that even.- ing as' all of them moved their duds to the captured trench. The tin, bent and broken by the rush of many feet, the tea leaves scattered among the ashes of a dead fire, heard and rejoic- ed. She had served her turn. THE INDIANS' WIRELESS. Tribes of the Amazon Valley Had Ap- paratus in 1898. In these days of wireless telegraphy it may be interesting to learn that as long ago as July, 1898, says the Electrical Experimenter, there was recorded the discovery of a wireless telegraphic apparatus in use among the Catuquinaru, an Indian tribe of the Amazon valley in South America, The apparatus, called cambarysu, consists of a hole in the ground about half filled with coarse sand; above this layers of fine sand, fragments of wood and bone and powdered mica fill it almost to the surface sof the ground. These materials are sur- rounded by a case of hard palm wood, which extends above the sur- face. The upper part of the appara- tus consists of layers of hide, wood and hard rubber. Between the upper layers and the lower layers there is a hollow space. With a club, munch like the stick used to play the bass `�druni, the native strikes the layer of rubber that forms the top oe the instrument. One of these instruments is con- cealed in each, hamlet of the tribe. The villages are not more than a mile apart, and are placed in a direct north arid south, line. Although a person standing outside the building in which the apparatus is kept can- not Mar a blow of the stick on the rubber top, it is quite distinct in a similar building a mile distant. When one of these instruments is struck, the neighboring ones to the north and south echo the blow. The Indian stationed at each end of the posts answers the signal. UNCONQUERED. Do they die who march away ? Father, brother, husband, son; Nay, and ever, ever nay; Their march is but begun. On FIemish fields, where blood flows fast, Yea, faster than our tears, Their bodies lie, their souls gone past The swift march of the years. With eager hearts they wait for us, A mighty, jubilant throng; Our men, o'er death victorious, . Of healing peace their song, Do they die who march away ? rather, brother, husband, son; Nay, and ever, ever nay; Their march is but begun. --Clare Donnelly. Keep the habit of effort alive by a little gratuitous exorcise every day. So that a smoker can see' what is occurring behind him an English in- ventor has patented a pipe with small mirrors on the bowl. "Army of the Interior." Each human life is guarded by a host of soldiers within the body. Largely upon the efficiency of, these soldiersdepends the survival of that community of living cells which the body represents. When enemy bacteria attempt an invasion, these little sol- diers, the white corpuscles in tho blood, quickly appear upon the scene and give battle. If the enemy is powerful, like the germ that causes pneumonia,; then regiment upon regiment of thousands and millions of new soldiers are launched into the blood stream, by way of which they proceed to the scene of - action. The number of white corp- uscles in a drop of blood may increase, in a case of pneumonia, from the nor- mal count of 250,000 and 350,000 to 500,000 or 1,000,000 and even to 3;- 500,000. Thus the battle is success- fully waged. Examinations of the blood, taken as a matter of periodic protection, sometimes reveal so high a percent- age of white corpuscles as to indicate some hidden infection, which must be searched out. In obscure cases of appendicitis, for instance, the blood count is a helpful diagnostic measure. A curious thing about the white blood corpuscles that float or swim in the blood plasma is that whenneed arises they can migrate through the. wall or tube that incloses the blood and thus reach the enemy that is trying to make an entrance into the system. The red corpuscles in the blood have no such power to migrate. .Besides the soldiers among them, who attend to the business of de- f stroying the live enemy, there are white corpuscles whose duties seem to correspond to the engineers and the Red Cross workers. When a wound occurs the blood clots, and out of the material of which the clot is made arise the white corpuscles, which set about the work of repairing and heal- ing the flesh. _ The principal thing we need to know about this "army of the inte- rior" and its engineers and Red Cross workers is that their fighting an' working capacities may be grea lessened by things we do ourselves,; They become weakened if we o work, or over or under eat, or w or smoke too much, or use alcohol one for the surgeon, who calls u the utmost capacities of the 1� white soldiers to aid him in repair the wounds which he must inflict, .A person will take cold from sitter in a draft (a cold is a germ disease., at one time and not do so under simi- lar circumstances at another time. In one case the soldiers were on the job with full strength; in the other case their power had been lessened by some stress from which the body had • not fully recovered. Protect the little white soldiers and they will protect you. PROTECT CROP S AVERS. Among the wigwam shocks of corn, I met the crisp October morn. With pumpkins high I piled my load And thought of children as I rode. I saw instead of yellow piles, A wagon -load of saw -tooth smiles, With glowing eyes and fearsome flare, And candles gleaming everywhere, I saw a laughing, motley crowd, With Jacks held high and shouting loud. I heard the calls of girls and boys, And smiled at tlgought of coming joys. The jolliest crop of all the year,— Gay Hallowe'en at last is here! "On God, and godlike men, we build our trust." HIGHEST PRICES MD For POULTRY, GAME, EGGS et FEATHERS Please Write for particulars. P. ro usam & co., 39 Bonseaoure market, Montreal flOW TO The largest fur house in the world needs your furs, We pall cash., Write for our new rico est on Rec. coon, Muskrat Skunk,Opos• sum, Fox an other, Furs. Trappers sen us their furs year after year because they u,4 ; get Wore inority and a square deal. our new boot@ Will tell you ho to tri shows the dif- ferent furs in, beautiful, natural colors — gives the game laws' or ricesit ontoday—FRE steel tris, smokers, etc i Senc FQOFNEYE'N SOROS, a co. 256 5urg cn iuildhsg • Sit. Lords, Our Insectivorous Birds Should Not Be Slaughtered. On September 10, scare heads in the newspapers announced that frost had caused damage in the United States to the extent,of probably $50,- 000,000, the grain markets became ex- cited, and prices advanced. Why? Because it was unusual. Every year in the United States, $800,000,000 loss occurs through the depredations of insects. This is a conservative estimate, made by ex- perts. Such an announcement, how- ever, creates no interest either in the grain market or newspapers. Canada suffers proportionately. It is but an- other of the enormous wastes which we are content to put up with, as we do with the heavy fire waste, and feel that, with our bountiful harvests and rich natural resources, we can afford to be extravagant. If some means existed to overcome early frosts, no time would be lost in putting them into effect. Not so, however, with the continued loss by insects. Our insectivorous birds, far from receiving protection, have been promiscuously and continuously slaughtered, to the detriment of our field crops. Canada and the United States have recently passed enabling acts giving effect to the Migratory Bird Treaty for the protection of insectivorous birds. To many this protection is looked upon as a curtaihnent of lib- erty. In reality, however, it is means of putting money into each citizen's pocket, and everyone, both by example and influence, should do everything possible to protect our feathered friends. Danish cattle holdings are about the same as at the beginning of the war, but the number of hogs in Denmark in February was less thee 2,000,000, a decrease of nearly 21 per cent,