Zurich Herald, 1917-10-05, Page 2Only Fine, rlavoury . Teas
are sed to produce the famous
blends. Every leaf is fresh, fragrant
full f its natural deliciousness. Sold
in sealed packets only® B 107
Author of
"An for a Scrap of Paper," "Dearer Than
Life," eta Published by Hodder &
Stoughton, Limited, London and Toronto
CHAPTER IV.—(Cont'd.) "Ay, it's a bit unhealthy," went on
They spent all the night in the the sergeant, "but you will get used
troop -train, which was crowded almost to it after a bit. There, hear that?
;o suffocation. Where they were go- Tom listened and heard the scream -
;ng they didn't now, scarcely cared. ing of a shell in the air•; the note it
Sometimes they were drawn up to a made was at first low, but it rose
siding where they would stay for higher and higher and then dropped
hours, then the train crawled on again, again.
Presentlythe morningbroke and Tom When the note gets to about B
saw a flt and what seemed to him, flat," said the sergeant, "you may
after Surrey, an uninteresting piece know it's soon going to fall, and as
of country. Everything was -strange soon as it has touched the ground the
different
shell bursts and tears a big hole up.
to him, even the trees looked di
from those he had seen in Surrey. On "Are many killed?" asked Tom.
and on the train crawled, until pre- "Ay, there's a good lot of casualties
sently they had orders to alight, every day, but not so much as there
It was now early morning, and after was at the second battle of Wipers.
breakfast they were formed in march- That was fair terrible. You see, the
ing order. Tom',.Jok but little notice Germans could not drive us back nor
of the country through which they break our lines. That was why they
started bombarding the city, I was
here.,and saw A. e Man, you should
have5heard the women screaming, and
seen the people flying for their lives.
Whole streets of houses were burning,
and all the time shells were falling
and bursting. How many people were`
killed here God only knows, but there
must have been hundreds of women
INSANITY OF
U-BOAT CREWS
marched, except that trey were on a
straight road, which was paved in the
middle. As the day advanced the
sun grew hot and scorching, but the
men marched on uncomplainingly;
there was little merriment, but much
thought. Presently noon came, and
again they stopped for food, after
ich there was another march. By
ONE FACTOR IN THE TERRIBLE
STRUGGLE.
German Man Power Waning ai Need
.of Repairs Hampers Sub='
marine Fleet.
Unrestricted submarinings !were
started seven months ago. A great
deal has been learned by the British
in that period, -writes a London corre-
spondent. A review of the life and
death struggle which has been in'pro-
gress suggests interesting questions.
For instance: Why did the ratio of
shipping losses show a great reduction
during the season of long days,'clear
skies and bright moonlight? Why
were. German expectations . so disap-
pointed by the results of U-boat war-
fare during the summer that a politi-
cal crisis ih Germany was produced?
There is no doubt that the Ger-
mans are turning out new submarines
faster than the Allies are destroying
them. Despite this, there are _fewer
submarines out in the fighting areas
than three months ago, Probably not
all the reasons for this state of affairs
are known. Some ofthem have been
made clear.
Manning submarines with efficient
crews is a hard. task. Underwater
cruising is a nerve racking business
for men and officers alike. The com-
mander never goes to his conning
tower without the realization .that it
may be shot away with him in it.
The men know that when their boat
dives it may never come up again.
"Mystery Ships."
u'h and ch'idren. But what did those
this time Tom realised that he was in- dirty swine of Germans care! They
what looked to him miles of motor could not break our lines, -and they
wagons filled with food and muni- had lost a hundred and fifty thousand
tions, nt.mbers of ambulance waggons men, so they turned their big guns
marked with the Red Cross. More upon the city. 'We can kill Belgian
than one body of horse soldiers passed women and children, anyhow,' they
him, and again he saw numbers of said, and we can smash up the old
men bivouacked near him; but ev'hry- town.' Are you a bit jumpy?"
where there were soldiers, `soldiers. "No n-n-no,that is, a bit," said
Tomcould not understand it, it was
all so different from what he expect-
ed neither could he see any order or
purpose in that which was taking square;rest o
place around him. There was acticity of the bi round. This is the est in the eat I saw one
it
and movement everywhere, but hegg
could co-ordinate nothing, he was before it was bombarded; the Cath -
simply bewildered, edral and the Cloth Hall were just
Towards. evening there was aneth- wonderful; see what they are now!
er resting -time, and each man gladly knocked into smithereens. See the
threw himself full length on the grass. trees around, how they are twisted and
For a moment there was a silence, burnt? That house there I saw shell -
then Tom heard a sound which gave ed myself. I had got a bit used to
him a sickening sensation; he felt a the shelling by that' time, but I tell
sinking, too, at the pit of his stomach:. You it gave me a turn. It was the
it was the boom, boom, boom of guns. { biggest house in the Square, and a
"Look at yon' airship in the sky!", great bomb caught it fair in tlee face;
cried one of the men. Each eye was it seemed as though the whole world
turned towards it, then they heard
the boom of guns again, after which
there were sheets of fire around the
aeroplane, and afterwards little clouds
of smoke formed themselves.
"I am getting near at last," thought
Tom. `I wonder now—I wonder—"
Tom.
"Qt, its quite quiet now," replied
the sergeant. will walk through
with you if you like end show you.
There is no sleep, no rest, no relax-
ation of strain from the moment the
cruise begins. Competent authorities
believe the Germans confront a hard-
er task in manning than they do in
building submarines.
A considerable number of submarine
crews have been captured and sent to
prison camps in England. I am not
permitted to tell the proportion of
these men who have shortly gone
stark mad; but it is such as to testify
eloquently to the horrors _-of their
work.
Everybody has read about; the
"mystery ships" which have been sent
out from British ports in great num-
bers. They look like merchantmen,
sail the courses of merchairn
PP d
a 'ear to 'the submarine.. co ,, ,ei
observing through ,a periscope, to be
easy marks-- But they are anything
else.
By the time Herr Submarine. Com-
mander gets within comfortable range
to take a sure shot the mystery ship
has unmasked a bristling array of
guns,,big and little, and expert naval
gunners are churning the whole sur-
face around the .submarine with shells.
There's only one thing for the sub-
marine to do, and that's to dive in-
stantly, and it is lucky if it is quick
enough.
Men and U -Boats Strained.
Between the mystery ships, which
are peculiarly dangerous because any
recklessness in dealing with thein is
likely to result fatally, and the flocks
of destroyers that nowadays invest
the areas where the submarines do
most of their work things are de-
cidedly lively for the submarine com-
mander and his crew. The ideal sub-
marine commander was described the
other day by an officer of large experi-
ence in the clanger zoeies as "a man
who hasn't any nerves, who in all
circumstances can be relied on to act
without stopping to think. He mustn't
stop to think. He must perform in-
stantly and must do the right thing.
"To command one of these mystery
ships is about the hardest task that
is put up to a captain nowadays," the
officer went on. "It can be imagined
what a nerve destroying time he puts
in. Yet his occupation is not to be
compared for sheer constant, man kill -
was shaking, and the noise fair deaf-
ened you. The houee went down as
though it were cardboard, and other
houses around fell as though to keep it
company, while others caught fire. Ay,
they're sweet creatures, are those,
German swine,"
"Doan't you hate 'em ?" asked Tom.
CHAPTER V. "Hate 'em?""" said the sergeant;
"well, I don't know. 'Mind you, they
Toni discovered presently that his are fine soldiers, and brave men too,
destination was the Ypres salient, one , ee at least they seem brave; but it's
of the most "unhealthy" places, to use discipline does it. They are just like
the term in favor among the soldiers,' machinery. Once when I was right
in the whole of the English battle line.; in the middle of it, they attacked in
Here the most tremendous battle ever ; close formation, and we turned our
fought in our British Army took place' machine-guns on 'em. Ever seen a
—indeed, one of the most tremendous !mowing machine in a wheat field?
battles in the history of the world. A' ever seen the wheat fall before the
sergeant who was in a garrulous mood knives? Well, that's how they fell.
described it to Tom with a great deal Hundreds upon hundreds; but still
of spirit. i they came on. Just as fast as one lot
"Yes," he said, "you have come to was killed, the others, knowing that
an unhealthy spot; still itmay be good they were going to certain death,
for you. The blessed Huns thought came on, thinking they would wear us
they were going to break through down by sheer numbers."
here about last September when the "Did they?" asked Tom.
battle of Wipers was fought. They "No,that time they didn't," replied
had six hundred thousand men to our the srgeant,;but another scrap 1
hundred and fifty. thousand. Then was in they did. That is their plan,
that blooming Kaiser made up his you know; it is terribly costly, but
mind that he would break through our when it succeeds•it works havoc."
lines, and get to Calais. Yes, it was "Have you been wounded at all?"
a touch and go with u ;. Fancy four asked Tom .
to one, and they had all the advantage (To be continued.)
in big guns and ammunition, You
think those big guns? Wait till you
have heard Jack Johnson and Black Use of Rice in United States.
Maria. Talk about hell! Hell was The increasingly important part
never as bad as the battle of Wipers. rice is playing in feeding the people of
1 thought we were licked once. I was the United States is shown in figures
in the part where our line was the
thinnest, and we saw 'em coming to- just compiled by the United States
wards us in crowds; there seemed to Food Administration. The production
be millions of 'em' we had to rake for 1914-1915 amounted to 1,064,205;
out every cook and bottle -washer on 000 pounds, with a per capita con-
the show. Lots of our men weresweption of 11.84 pounds: This was
• fresh to the job, too, and had never
smelt powder, or felt the touch of increased in the, 1916-1911 crop to i,-
steel. But, by gosh, we let 'em know! 881,590,000 pounds, with a per capita
Four to one, my boy, and. 'we licked consumption of 1'7.38 pounds, The
'em, in spite of their lig gune and large increase in consumption during
their boasting, Aren't you proud of the past year undoubtedly has direct
being a British Tommy?" relation to the high price of potatoes
and wheat. The rice crop of India for
the past year showed an increase of
1,255,000 tons.
Seems a very large number of cups
to get from a pound of tea. But
" '° s'v that proves the fine quality of
Red Rose Tea, which goes further and tastes
better because it consists chiefly of s ch,,strong
teas grown in the famous district of Assam in
Northern India.
A pound =of Red Rose
gives 250 cups.
Kept Good by the
Sealed Package
ing strain to that of the submarine
commander on a cruise. I think there
are stili two or three commanders of
mystery ships in continuous service
after five months of it; the .rest of
them break down and have to take
long leaves.
"If it wears out the men who have.
the easier task at such a rate as this
it is not hard to understand the effect
on submarine officers. Their men be-
come unmanageable, and the officers
have to be taken out of the service
after a strictly limited period."
Life of U -Boat is Short.
Another difficulty that the Germans
more and more experience is in keep-
ing the submarines in good order. A
submarine is an extremely delicate
contrivance. No other vessel is sub-
jected to the hard and continuous wear
which -it must live through.
The working life of a .submarine is
necessarily shml, and when it is in
port it requires endless attention, .a'
complete overhauling and restoration.
As the vessels grow older the require-
ments for repairs compel them to stay
longer and longer in port. That is
exactly what is making trouble for
the German naval authorities now. It
is possible that a further complica-
tion is presented by the difficulty of
getting certain materials into Ger-
many, but this is largely conjecture.
Tom listened with wide, staring
eyes and compressed lips. There
'within
two
the ice
heculd picturealof hihlthe
sergeant spoke. As he looked he
could discerntoo, here and there, dot-
ted along this brown line, clouds of
black smoke, All around him our
• guns were booming, while the distant
sounds of" the German guns reached
him.
"How many revolutions does the
earth make in a day.? It's your turn,
Willie Smith. "You can't tell,
teacher, till you see the morning
pi;.perw"
r.'
TRICKS OF THE
FLYING CORPS
on the shipyards for the repair of
old vessels. All these elements enter
into any computation dealing with the
Germans' capacity to carry on the
submarine warfare indefinitely and
their chances of 'making it successful.
SATAN QUITS HIS JOB.
The Devil sat by the lake of fire on a
pile of sulphur kegs;
His head was bowed upon his breast,
his tail between- his legs.
A look of shame was on his face, the
sparks dripped from his eye.
"I'm down and out," the Devil baid;
—he said it with a sob;
"There are others that outclass me
and I want to quit the job.
Hell isn't in it with the land that lies
along the Rhine;.
I'm old and out of date and therefore
I resign.
One Krupp munition maker with his
bloody shot and 'shell
Knows more about damnation than all
the imps of Hell..
Give my job to Kaiser Bill, or to Fer-
dinand the Tsar,
Or to Sultan Abdul Hamid, or some
such man of war.
I hate to leave the old home, the spot
I love so well.
But I feel that I'm not up to date in
the art of running Hell,
And the Devil spata squirt of steam
The decreasing efficiency of the ata brimstone bumble bee,
older submarines together with the And muttered, "I'm outclassed by the
Hohenzollern deviltry."
Make your money work for yourself
and for your country by buying a war
almost impossibility of finding skilled
crews fast enough is supposed to ac-
count in the main for the fact that
with a larger number of submarines
at their disposal the Germans are not bond.
able to keep so many on the fighting
line as formerly. ; Thus it may be said
VERSED IN THE ART OF ELUD..•.
ING AN "ARCHIE.".
How the Sky Pilots of War Dodge the
Anti -Aircraft Guns by Clever
'Manoeuvres.
A pilot flying over the lines uses all',
sorts of tricks , to deceive the watch-
ers below.
Under normal circumstances they
can tell his height to a few 'feet, anal,
will show you, too, that they,know it
by the way they send up bursts of
"Archie" (anti-aircraft gun). Indeed,
nomatter whether you cross the lines
one day at 8,000 feet and another at
10,000 feet and another at 14,000 feet,
so sure as you get within range there
are the six slowly widening rings of
smoke at your level—a few feet ahead
or behind or all around you. Hun
"Arehies" are generally grouped in
sixes; and though their chief object
is barrage and annoyance, men have
been brought down by "sighters" and
by direct hits at 15,000 feet from one
of those fatal sixes.
The "Archie" gunner' judges -height
by measuring the apparent size of the
machine's wings as it flies above. He
knows every machine at a glance at
10,000 yards distance and farther. He
gets plenty of practice. He knows the
measurements of every machine and
its speed and can allow for it. The
Hun "Archie" gunner has reason,' to
be peculiarly efficient—he gets' so
much practice.
To know how to upset all the fine
calculations is the whole art of elud-
ing "Archie."
Every Trick Known to the Trade.
One way is to, alter the apparent
size of your wings or to change your
speed or vary your height, and dodge
hither and thither, no matter how
many other things you may have to
do at the same time. You can altar
your apparent size by flying "one
wing down" and so giving a shorter
view of your machine. You -can
"switchback" up and down a couple of
hundred feet at a time and so vary
your speed, too. You can paint in ad-
vance a dark band beneath the tips'
of your wings—and hope for the best.
Or you can suddenly "stall" your ma-
chine—that is, hold it, up and throttle
the engine down for a few moments,
opening out again before you, star•tete
fall. This will make the next few
shots go well ahead. Then you can
sile-slip a little—not too much, or you
will be losing valuable height.
A pilot one day who underwent the
horrible experience of being hemmed
in by "Archies" almost exhausted
every trick before he got away. He
was flying along when suddenly the
fatal bursts appeared just ahead. This
was only normal. He side -slipped a
little and "carried on." But imme-
diately there were the bursts just
ahead again and a little closer. He, had
hardly turned off again when there
they were, a fresh lot, just behind his
tail, sending hini bumping and diving
all over the place. They had got his
range to a hair. -
He "stalled" and turned off at right
angles to the left—and there were the
bursts all round him Again and the
sharp sting of a wound in his cheek.
Deserved to Succeed.
Things were getting bad. He
doubled round quickly and made a
sudden dive—and there were the
bursts all round him once more. He
"stalled," put one wing down and
side -slipped down 300 feet. Scarcely
had he "flattened out" again when
one more group burst round him. All
the time blood was pouring down his
face. As a last resort he "played hit."
He put the other wing right down
and side -slipped sheer 800 feet. This
he turned into a "spinning nose dive"
and came out 3,000 feet lower, Then
he flattened out and dived for our
lines. For those few moments
"Archie" was fooled. Directly after-
ward they were at him again. But he
was out of range and got away,
"Archie" is "the very devil" --where
the gunners get plenty of p'eacticel
Fuzzy Summer "Snowstorm."
The peculiar phenomenon of a
"snowstorm" raging while a brilliant
summer sun shone, was witnessed at
1•Iood River, Ore., recently. Instead
of snow flakes falling, however, the
air was filled with millions c f particles
of white fuzz that forms 'on the blos-
soms of cottonwood trees that grow in ,
large groves along the Columbia River
lowlands. The fluffy down filled
storerooms and offices and adhering
to the«nap of clothes gave the wearer
the appearance of having been in a
snowstorm.
With the consent • of. the United,
States War Department the British
inspection has resumed buying mares
in ,the United States, but they rifest
be eigh3: to teir S sax•a• u" age. •
that while they have more subniarines
with every month it is understood
that they are ,turning out about a
dozen of them monthly the wear and
tear is so great that• the increased
number are not able to cover as many
miles or spend as many days cruising
as the smaller number of new ves-
sels formerly in the service.
Limits to Submarine Warfare.
There are some pretty distinct lim-
its to the capacity for producing, man-
ning and upkeeping submarines. De-
spite the fact that some German
authorities have tried to give the im-
pression that a general building pro-
gramme involving both warships and
merchant vessels is being carried on
in Germany, the best -information is
that nearly all the maritime construc-
tion capacity of the empire is. being
devoted to turning out new subma-
rines and maintaining the old ones in
working condition.
The capacity to turn out new boats
is bound to suffer increasingly as
greater and greater demands are made
Send Them T�
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