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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1917-02-23, Page 2BRITISH ATTACK ON TWO-MILEy FRO TMD 'TAKE DEFENCES NEAR•X41 IRA A } bout 800 Prisoners, Virtually All Prussians, Were Taken, in Addition To Heavy Losses Inflicted on Enemy. • London, Feb. 18. -Again the Brit -1 ish have struck on both sides of the Anere, cutting a wide gap in the Ger- Man lines and pushing within a few hundred yards of Petit Mirauniont. A successful attack Saturday captured trenches on a :front totalling more than two miles to an almost uniform depth of a half mile. It was another of the thoroughly - planned attacks the British have de- livered recently on the Somme-Anere front, far different from trench raid;. Its main object was to push closer to the immediate objectives of Mirau- mont and Petit Miraumont, north and south respectively of the Anere and on the road to Bapaume. On Sunday the Germans tried to re - FIVE BILLIONS OF DOLLARS Success of Britisli4 Loan Bitter Pill for Germany to Swallow. A despatch from• London says: The Times' financial editor';, on Saturday writes: "The Stock Et xeliange is talk- ing confidently about e...thousand mil- lions of 'new money'" dein the loan. gain the positions taken from them We repeat the estimate •Under all re - by the British, but their attempts serve, for, of course, i•tsts only guess - were fruitless. Attacking in waves, work, but undoubtedlythe figure is the Germans cane under the coneen- beyond all precede4.t+ and all the trated fire of the British guns and early expectations oftock Exchange were swept back to their trenches, tips, which aro usuallti.based on fair - suffering heavy casualties. At rao ly elaborate caleulatione arising out place did the attacking forces reach of data which is more accessible there the British line, and the British sof- than elsewhere. Five, ,a.,rks ago not}i- e 1 no casualties. The British cap- ing even remotelymaehing such felt a huge figure was believed attainable. turgid 780 officers and men. For the purpose of cheefeing'any esti- mate of the gross figlik s Of the loan w e repeat the amounts of the earlier securities which carried the rights of conversion. These W6r £899,927,000 four and a half :per cent War loan, £333,515,000 five'pez~ Ilt. Exchequer bonds, though the:,lteally are less likely to .be, l;on "A feature rf„thea„ge'1IZtons in many country distri °' been the quantity of gold lsi G r 'die banks and post officestx nen and women. In Enfigls muni- tions area, 27,000:V '' , d 4;vas., paid for small antennaoe1s certificates during the 'cveele ' : ;a' aaturday's subscriptions'we gr:` ' 00,000, Lord Nichelham; £650,00 s. 't Tinto Com- ports, instead of Falmouth, was ob- £150,000, Kc,,eCrS.; £50,000, tainted from the Government on Thurs- pan y' Singer Sewing 14P ing!;.', Co. One day. It was stated by Sir George gratifying feature of1te itt loan is much war material, is reported by the Foster, Acting -Minister of Marine, seen in the extent, f' wthe County War Office. that negotiations in progress had of Dublin farmers S2tibscribed. For This spoil, unusually large for the reached a head and that it was defin- the most part it is .is'ew money in Mesopotamian fighting, fell into Brit- itely decided Halifax would be an ex- ish hands as a result of assaults upon' amination port. the strong Turkish fortifications on i Whether it will be for all sailings both banks of the Tigris where it I in both directions, however, has not winds about Kut. A considerable yet been decided. The latter arrange - sector on the right bank was complete- ment might tax accommodation at ly cleared of Turks, and advanced the Winter port somewhat severely. troops now hold the south-west corner Officials of the Naval Service, Cus- of the strong Shumran loop positions toms, Justice and Post -Office Depart - five miles from Kut. ments will go down to Halifax to An unusual feature is that the Turk- form an examination staff, which will ;ties for investment in the war loan, ish statements admit the British sue- be augmented by experts from Great Down to the last retinae e on Friday, l cess, which usually they totally ig- Britain. Arrangements will be made when there was yet to subscribe none. Two Turkish statements of :to avoid all possible delay to the w the loan,agents time thetsu anise Thursday and Friday admit that "part' vessels examined. The new plan hasp ourpositions were evacuated ac- been adopted at the request of neu- Government were busy- purchasing of 1 to...orders to - revent needless: tral ship interests, who are anxious bonds almost regar. die sof amounts.than an of the societies cording o p - This assistance of obi s ei,n ally, as favorablyy o Thursd n 000 OTTOMANS 'HALIFAX IS PORT • 9 MADE PRISONER OF EXAMINATION Important British Success on the Tigris, Near Kut -el -Amara. London, Fee. 1.8. -By a series of at- tacks uniformly successful the British in Mesopotamia have tightened their hold upon the defences of Kut -el - Amara. Turkish resistance was almost paralyzed on Thursday and Friday, and the capture of almost 2,000 pris- oners including high officers, and Neutral Vessels Leaving the i T.S. to Call There Instead of at Falmouth. A despatch from Ottawa says: - Confirmation of the report that the British Admiralty had designated Halifax as the port of examination for neutral ships leaving American hard cash. On Friday ;the amount of subscriptions received alt the head of - fide of the Bank of Ireland in College Green exceeded £1,000,000." Japan Heavy lsurchaser. 'Heavy purchases ; of Japanese bonds for sinking fund, purposes have been the feature of the foreign mar- ket. The object is the obvious release of funds invested in -Japanese secur- { BRIE°AIN SEEKS TO CLOSE LEADING MARKETS LAST EXIT FOR UBMARI EOLoiitO. 4.reaQ 11.1;19 New Danger Zone Proclaimed Through Route North of Scotland and Down Irish ('oast. A despatch from Washington Says: ie --Two important moves r ° r treat , d to close that way out, is understood to have been liberally strewn with Britain to meet the subma mines. rt: i Details of flans for changing the were announced on Fride . .'r new 1 port of call and examination for boats danger zone was proclaimed, seeking, between this country and the North - to block practically the whole route of ern European neutrals from Kirkwall exit towards the Atlantic of the Ger- I to Halifax were made public. The lean U-boats from their bases in Ger-' idea is to allow the vessels to avoid many and Belgium. With the Eng-; the German submarine zone by awing- lish Channel practically closed by an ing around Ireland and Scotland and elaborate system of nets, mines and i dawn the Norwegian coast instead of patrols, the means of exit for the sub- 4 touching the British Isles. A second marines has been through the route i port for the examination of southern north of Scotland and down the Irish; commerce may he established later coast. The new danger zone, design- I at the Bahamas or Bermuda. A SUCCESSFUL SOCIETY Canadian Order Of Foresters Has A � Splendid Financial Basis. ANOTHER WAR F,A The Canadian Order of Foresters DOMINION TO ISSUE VOL 20 --Manitoba wheat - New No, 1 Northern $7.903, No, 2, de„ 41,871; No, 3 do., $1.221: No, 4 wheat, $1,738 track 'lay ports. Manitoba vete -No 2 t ,W, 71e; 't1o, 3 710; extra No.7. feed,7•1c; No. 1 feed, 70c, all rail delivered en route, American corn --No. 3 yellow, $1.14, subject to embargo. Ontario crit~ --•-No, 2 white, 63 to 66c, nominal; No. 3 white, 62 to 04e, nominal, necordiag to freights outside. Ontario wheat -No 2 Winter. per car lot, $1,71 to $1,73: No, 3 do., $1.69 to $1.71 n'oordin to freight outside. T'e,ts --No. 2. $'2.40, according to freights outside, 01.20 it $1.22, ac- 13artay'--Mtiltiug, uording to freights outside. ° 1Jueliwheat•--$1.28, nominal, accors'ling. to freights outside, Rye ---Nr, 2, $1,40 to $1.42, according' to freights outside. Manitoba flour -First patents, In jute bags, $9,50; set and patents, in jute bags, $0,00: strong bakers'. in lute bags, $8,60, Toronto, Ontario dour--W'Jnter, arenrciiug to sanri,ic, $7,10 to $7.20, in bags. track, Toronto. prompt shrinu, nt.; $7.00, bulk seaboard, export grade. niillfeed-•Car lots, delivered Montreal tr•eights. bags ine1ucle.1-4111;run, pd e ton, 535; shorts, pet' tan, 541; a flour, per bag, $2.70 to 52.80. 1B:ay-_1iixlta. No. 2, per ton. $12 to $12,50; mixed, per ton. $9 to $11, track Toronto, titratw•.-t'ar lits, per ton. $9. track ggg Taranto, NCountry Produce -Wholesale &FI Butter -Fresh dairy, choice, 36 to 3Se; creamery prints, 43 to 45c; solids,,42 which has for years occupied a pro- to 430. I7ggs-No, 1 storage, 47 to 48c; stor- ninetzt position as one of the leading Flotation Ears in lb March to be age., selects, ,0 to ,,1 , e Fraternal Insurance Societies operat- Pa able in Canada and Live poultry -Fowl, lb„ 17 to see; ing in Canada. Was instituted in 1879 3 chickens, lb., 13 to 20c. by 488 members who seceded front New York. Dressed poultry- c:hicicens 22 to 25e; fowl, 20 to 2201 ducks, 22 to 25c; squabs,. Per doz., $4.00 to 54.50; tutice�•s, 2S to 33e; geese, 18 to 20r. Cheese -New, large, 251 to 26c; twins, 26 to 263c; triplets, 261 to 2620; old, large, 27o; twins, 271 to 2, 2c ;dories-Nhito clover, 21-1b. tins, 14 to 141c; 3-1b, tins, 133 to 14e; 10-1b., 13 to 1310 60•1b., 121 to 13c; buckwheat, 60,-1b. tins, 9 to 91e. Comb honey -extra tine and heav weight, per doz., $275; select, which $2,50 to 12.75; No, 2, 52 to 82.25. country, it is regarded as likely that T 1:'otatocs-trntario, per bag, .$2.90; New Brunswick Delawares,' per hag, the securities of the new loan will be $3 s6 �ibertas par bag, 52 95. t! y r r r• new -laid, in car- tons 65 to 500 out of cartons, 52 to 54e. the American Order of Foresters..Ades arch from Ottawa says: To -day it has a membership of over p' An - 90,000, which it the largest purely other Canadian war loan, the third Canadian membership of any of the to be issued in the Dominion, will be 'fraternalinsurance societies doing floated probably early in March. In !business fns x situation be- ibtlsiness in the Dominion. view of the exchange The Society has had a most success- tween Canada and the United States, ful record and has accumulated funds, 1 ' h is at present adverse to this which, at the present time, amount to between five and a half and six million dollars. Last year was apparently one of the most successful years in York. the history of the institution. The No information as to the amount, amount added to the insurance funds terns or price of the new issue can, for 1916 was between four and five however, be given at present, as these hundred thousand dollars. Notwith- details will not be settlers until inme- standing this success the management diately before the loan is floated and decided to ascertain what the actuar- will be determined largely by the Gon- ial standing of the Society was, and, ditions which then prevail. secured the services of one of the most! The Finance Minister, it is under - competent actuaries on the Continent. , stood, has been assured that he will Acting on the advice of the actuary, i have the co-operation, in the fl.ota- Ithe Society decided to re -adjust its rates and place itself upon a basis which will give it at least 100% actuarial solvency. By taking this course, while its funds were still piling up, it has been able to treat its members much more made payable both in Canada and New Beans -Imported, hand-picked. per bush., 56.25; Canadian, hand-pieke 1, oar bush., 87.00; Canadian primes. $6.00 to $6.00; Limas. per ]b„ 10 to 1030. and that an Fri -!,to to avoid; the dange:cs •xncident_,to,=.- etc -' .. xcr- Y , ,xr n y, +.::, x,rt "sviic lr :x -adil ted,; hit bud �a ,, �e,;,,�n,�ax�� • "�,. E,i,�,,,tiie us � ,� 1 ��.., ,, dor in z�eeen� � ears::. "y�il�ti�srtr"�'a:at"�.., s. favorable impaessiQ a in re ti>.y. We ' i arvt?iiient 1. casualties," TO REDUCE TRAVEL IN SUBMARINE ZONE A despatch from Ottawa says: - Action which will reduce the number of women and children leaving Can- ada for European countries adjacen, tc the zone of Germany's submarine men killed, wounded, prisoners or operations or which may even prevent missing. The totals compiled from the such travel entirely, will probably be list follows: Killed and died, 15,906; taken by the Government. The dang- prisoners, 1,645; missing, 11,874; int upon the wounded, 48,109; total, 77.534. ay, ii 9 to be avoid unnecessary -blockadedt d that min t tkte beginning The management g area. an et;-• ' iseon ratul- •; - • - li:t�ieas ' • , of action which will GERMAN LOSSES LAST. MONTH Y ated upon a course WERE MORE THAN 77,000 London, Feb. 18. -Casualties in the German army, exclusive of colonial troops, reported in the German cas- ualty* lists in the month of Jan - of the year 22,840,000! 'of Japanese bonds have beee. bought for sinking funds, making a total since the out- break of war of 1'9,615,880. The Japanese Government_is already reap- ing its reward for its action. Her credit is higher in this market than place the Society upon a splendid fin- ancial basis, and insure the future of the Order for all time Provisions -Wholesale. Smoked meats ---Maros, medium. 26 to 27c; do„ heavy, 23 to 24e; cooked, 37 to 38c; rolls, 21 to 22e; breakfast bacon, 27 to 29e; lades, plain, as to 30c; bone- less, 31 to 330. Lard -Pure lard, tierces, 211 to 218e; tubs. 218 to 22c; pair, 22 to 223c; com- pound, 153 to 170. Cured meats -Long clear bacon, 18 to 18tc per ib; clear belies, 18 to 183o. tion of the new securities, of the bond - dealers and brokers, whose activity Montreal markets contributed materially to the success Montreal, t eb, 20 -Corn -American No, 2 ;fellow, $7.24 to $1.25. Oats --- of the last domestic loan of $100,- Canadian Western, No. 2, 74 to 7,50; do.: No. 3 72 to 73e; extra No. 1 feed, 72 000,000. GERMAN STOLE CHARTS OF ALASKAN HARBORS. to 7$c. >3arlev-itianttoba feed, $1; malting, 5135. Flour --Manitoba Spri.nJ£ wheat patents, firsts,$9.60: do., secontlt4, ,$,9.10; strong bakers', $8.90; z\•inter atenta choice, $9.26; straight roller $.55 is ...P.$0; dt in has Stolen Government charts 'of anclio `i' ajc11'lA�• tb et. ages along the Alaskan coast were r$43. o g4 day-- `ae. e, � t lots $13. Cheese -Finest westerns,. 2+ to 263c; do., easterns, talc. Butter - Choicest creamery, 421 to 42e: seconds, 29 to 410. Eggs -Fresh, 55 to 54e; selected, 480; No. 1 stock, 450. Pota- toes -E'er bag, car lots, $2.76 to $3, discovered by the police among the belongings of Herbert Sauer, a Ger- man deserter from the coast -guard service, who was sentenced here on INDIA HAS CURTAILED Thursday to eight years in Sing -Sing winniperr c+rain RAILWAY SERVICES. Prison upon his plea of guilty to a \\•innipe Fob. 20 -Wheat -No. 1 i- charge of manslaughter for killing Northern, 6.673; No, 2 Northern, 51.641; nary 1917, totalled 77,534 officers and those of any other country." Caroline T' k i her home in No a Northern, 51.593; No. 4, $1.003; ars of navigation consequ submarine warfare and the necessity These casualties bring the total of of passing through the clanger zone, , Germans killed and those who make it inadvisable to allow women wounds or sickness to 988,329, and the and children to undertake such voy- total casualties since the war began ages at the present time. to 4,087,692. CUBAN BAY MAY BE THE REFUGE FROM WHICH U-BOATS OPERATE News of the Revolutionary Outbreak in Cuba Greatly Interests British Officials. A despatch from London says: British officials are greatly interested in the news of the revolutionary out- break in Cuba, where, they assert, they have reason to suspect German agents have been at work for a long time. Only a few weeks ago Captain Han: Boehm, a German army officer, was taken from the Dutch steamer Zeeiandia at I"aimouth. He had in his possession a chart of Santa Lucia Bay, Cuba, where, according to other papers seized at the same time, Ger- man agents had secured an oil con- cession. It is the belief here that the Santa Lucia project was being de- veloped by means of money sent from New York to Havana. The British naval authorities, while they have failed to discover any Ger- man submarine base in the West In- dies, declare that they have long had reason to suspect the intention of the Germans to establish one there, and as a consequence they look with suspi- cion upon the Cuban oil project, as possibly a blind to hide the establish- ment of a refuge from which subma- rines could operate. WITHOUT FIRING A SHOT CAPTURED STRONG POSITION Russian Detachments Surprise Austro -German Garrison in the Carpathians. The Weekly Nation says it hears that the war loan is a great success and that sums have been mentioned suggesting that the collection of new money is approaching £1,000,000,000. Arthur Neville Chamberlain, Direc- tor -General of National Service, speaking at Bristol o;Saturday, said that he ventured to predict that the result of the war loan Qt3i C1 be a bit- ter pill for Germany tee - London, Feb. 1f3. -A Reuter de- Mrs. aro ine jar a n spatch from Delhi says that among this city last August. When Sauer Oats.. -N0. 2 C,W„ eec; No, 3: (l \i,,, the new war measures adopted by the was asked what he intended to do with 533c•; extra No. 1 feed, 533c; No. 1, p Sale; No, 2. 5230, ;lades -N0, 3 t W., 'Indian Government are the severe the maps, he replied, according to the 960; No, 4 C.W., 9oc• rejected, ,8c; curtailment of. railway services and police: "I wanted to make a name for cud•.. 78e, $larY No. 1 N W.C., $2.50;: o, 5, $1.303; No. 6, 51,043; feed 930, :he organization of India's industrial myself when 1 returned to the Father - an d natural resources, with a view land," +� to increasing the output of munitions. In addition, an order has been issued FRANCE HASADOPTED DAYLIHT SAVING women and children to sail for England except for the most ur- gent reasons. United States Markets Minneapolis, Feb. 20--wheat-May, 7..741; July, 51.701; cash -No, 1 hard, 1.833 to $1.853: No. 1 Northern,' 51.75 to 1.791; No. 2, do., $1,723 to 51.703. Corn --No. 3 yellow, 982 to 995e, Oats -No, 3 white, 531 to 643c, Flour -Un - A despatch from Paris says: --The changed. Pren--532 to $33, Chamber of Deputies on Friday adopt- uulutit, 1 20• t treat -Na. 1141: �� cRo dos $1 o, Northern, e1,7G1; a ed a bill permanently advancing the do $1 713 to $1.7'13 Linseed -On track, 11 PER CENT.LI�R TRY TOR RISE INTEREST ON THE LAST WAR LOAN. legal time one hour during the Sum- $2.7S to 43.81:to ariiv 2,82. asked; July, , mer, The putting on of the clocks " ' s A despatch from London say's: The is to begin the first Sunday in April Live Stock Markets • ._ Excessive Auttlmll �is Re- with the Bundesrat new direct and in the first Sunday In October. $1a 25 butchers' rattle, chaise, $10.10 ce German Government is now discussing and this time will be in force until 810.50 1 Toroto nto, Feb. e . 20-Choic of heavy bio steers, o w1' r _•__.._ to 10.35: do, good $9.50 to 59.7.5; do., direct taxes to raise £80,000,000 inter- -'� `� "�'- gg 9neditun $8 Ii0 oto $C.SO; do., common, spot sib'le z th i ' est on the last war loan, according to GERMAN TROOPS MOVED DecreaS± Adespatchf P g The tof theA ultt r formation Berlin newspapers, quoted in a Hague despatch to the Exchange Telegraph ro111 a ys: Co. It is probable, repot giic ; i r . that the new taxes will apply to coal -The majority of the German troops stncke tr,555.20 to Vis: choice seeders, $s Bureau, published ln`"ill ;(711cial jour- mine exploitation acid raft\way tl"affie, recently concentrated on isle eastern to 58.50; canners and choice.cutter, $5 to nal on Thursday, give's the average ! $5 4t ' ills good to cutter, $85 to condition for the 1917 Winter crops as I with an increased tax on war profits. border of Holland o\ p �1 n tla , coin, and n 37.50 to 57,75; butchers' bulls, choice, FROM FRONTIER TOWNS 10 to $0.50; do.. good bulls, 58.25 to 8.50; do., medium bulls, $7.15 to 57.60: do., rough bulls, $5 to $5.25; butchers add the papers, A despatch from Amsterdam says: cows, choice; $8.75 to $9; $7d Ca 37 po:• ten per cent. below those. of 1916. GERMANY'S WAR COSTS With 100 signifying very good; SIXTY BILLION MARKS. good and 60 rather good, the averages for 1917, e.s compared with those of 1916, are: Winter wheat, 62, as against 70; rye, 67, against 12; Winter barley 65, against 13; Winter oats 66, against 72. The Temps explains the official figures by the bad state of the soil at the time of seeding, iiistt loient sup - A despatch from London says: Ger- many's war costs to date have reach- ed the total of sixty billion marks, says a telegram from Berlin, forward- ed by the correspondent at Amster- dam of Reuter's Telegram Company, Limited. now have disa - ' 's ted. each, $40 to peered from the towns along the Igo; ' springers, 500 to $110; light ewes, frontier, according to reports received refry es, $t;oo d tohc:hoi e�'at$13.605 to�$15; by The kIandelsbladt, lambs, choice, $14 to 515: do.. medium, 4a 75 to $10.20: hogs, fed and watered, 51.4.40 to 314,50; do.. weighed off cars, A despatch :From Montreal salts:-- $14,63 to $19.75; do f,a.b., $13.65. Provided that shipment can be made t.,l intreal`guei; 2 - iolve,rlis steers.seto immediately the City of Montreal has, cows, 5o to 5": butchers bt $ d seven hundred and fifty tons $S•75: canners bulls, $5,60 to 5'6; con- 'ordered Y Hers co,vrc, 55 to $5.50; calves, miltc fea, i coal from the iced Deer Valley Coal $1'� to $1.1• lambs, 513 to 514; sheer,, 51 o to�$IJ; hogs. choice, $14.50 to 514.76, Company in order to cheek the coal _._....,,,�. ,,._._._.._.....- shortage here. BIG REWARD FOR CREW THAT DESTROYS A SUB. plies of fertilizers and the excessive Autumn rains, Some of the late seed- A ings must he replaced by Spring seed- ings on account of the frost, though most of the wheat crop was well pro- tected by the snow when the heavy freeze came and was not injured. The cold weather is considered to have produced very favorable conditions for Spring seeding. �( COAL MINES a1® BRITAIN A despatch from Paris says: A prize of 500,000 francs for the crew TAKEN Oi y, R�T of wtinyhichsucFrench, ceeds alliedin ordestroying aneutral vesil asel te: tacking submarine is provided for in a resolution introduced in the Cham- ` ber of Deputies on Tuesday by Andre T.cfevre, AGAINST PROI:III3ITION. I'etrogra,i, Felt le. es Germans I statement issued to -day by the 'War Over 1,400 Soldiers Voted Against, It tl 1 and 221 For It.. A despatch from Vancouver says: -•- A cable gives the result of the pro- hibition vote eve.rseas up to Wednes- day evening as 1,406 against, ;221. for and 41 spoiled ballots. tli'osr;e!} in white y'ir•i:.erc}ay took the Department, immediately c rove out i a ainst the Iussians near the Teutons. In the Carpathians offE.n� �r +; Russian detachments surprised and {C;,rhat.r•:a, south-west of Dvin:3k, on the 9 captured without firing a shot a northern end of the enster'ta front., and strongly fortified Austro -German posi- • broke into a front. lino Russian trench.' tion south-west of Okna. Teuton coun- Russian reserves, Nays the official, ter -attacks were uspuised. A New Officer Known As "Controller of Coal Mines" Will be in Charge of Department. A despatch from London says: It' ment to control tl'e coal mines. The has been decided by the Board of director, of the Lo 1(10)1 and ' North - Trade. to take possession of all coal ; Western Railway leave Placed the mines in the 1Jnited Kingdom for the eer ices of their general manager, Period of the war in addition to those Guy Calthrop, at the disposal of the in South Wales /already taken over. Board. Mr. (.."aJtliroli';t Official ti:::;i •• '1'lie President of the Board of '.Trade i nation will be Controller of ('oal has decided to set up a new depart- , Mines." NAVIGATION TO OPEN EARLIER THIS YEAR A despatch from Port Arthur says:. --- •Ice conditions at this end of Laky§ Superior favor an early opening of navigation. Open water commenced at. Thunder Gape, 18 miles out. The weather has been cold, but high winds have kept the ice benison up, NEI NEW Occur A'', folk war -i No to th Maria FI% owin Yorls T epics non -1 WI Sir shall to p acre Tj havd punt sno Sou tric _, Hol Isl pas lef sch In per ag the tet mil Th. sto Pr be; p0' an a; \v: to B1 P} be vc in fs 51E g•; p; t h r. c r