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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1923-09-20, Page 2Address communications to Agronomltit, 79 Adelaide St. West, Toronto CARE AND ADJUSTMENT OF COLTERS. The colter has much more to do with . the proper operation of a gang plow than is generally supposed. It affects more than its main, purpose of cutting off the side o• the furrow slice so.that the shin of the moldboard will not have to tear its way through the ground, consequently permitting the plow to do a nice, smooth job and ztaa terially lightening the '.draft. One of the marks of a poor job of dowing is unevenness or where the furrows made the same round cannot always be plainly. distinguished. Some- times this is because the plow is not running level. At other times one bottom is, a little too high or low, due tovariation in the shape of the beams. Or the front furrow wheel is regular- ly run against the furrow bank :when it is supposed to run at least two inches away from it. But the most commonfault is that the operator for- gets that each bottom turns over the soil :that the colter allots, it, no more and no less. They cannot be set in a haphazard manner, but exactly the same' with respect to each bottom ex- ,cept for the one instance' which I will mention' later. Practically all plow instructions give three-quartersof an inch as the proper distance to: set the colter away from the shin of the moldboard, This insures a clean furrow wall and ` the minimurh friction on the landside. There is often difficulty in determin- ing this distance after it is known to be. correct. The following method is commonly used by ' manufacturers' plow experts when getting a plow ready to enter a. competitive demon- stration: Take, a planed fence board three feet long and six inches wide.. It will be nearly three-quarters of an. inch thick. Lay itagainst the land - side so that it extends :forward be- yond the point of the share and raised just enough above the point so that it lies flat against the landside. ' Hold in this position by planing the right foot against it, Now adjust the colter so that its blade lies flat against the out- side of the board. Do this with each bottom in turn and you will have no variation as far as the colters are con- cerned. A puzzling problem sometimes conies up in the case of a, three -bottom plow following a standard -type trac- tor which does not run in the furrow. In spite of all that is done, the middle bottom will turn a furrow which is lower than the others. ' The reason will generally be found in the fact that the middle bottom follows the right' drive wheel and because the dirt loos- ened by,the grouters rolls into the l furrow, leaving the middle furrow slice apparently lower than the others. The remedy is to set the middle ,colter a trifle farther out. In sod plowing the "colters should be set deep enough to cut off most of the roots, but not deep enough to in- terfere with the penetration of the plow. In stubble plowing there is no necessity of running them more than three inches deep, even in deep plow- ing. I•n cornstalk ground especially, the stalks and other trash will not he cut 's'atisfactorily when the colters are set so deep that theywill simply push the trash ahead instead of running over and. cutting through it. The colter axle should be directly above or a trifle back of the point of the share. The colter blades must be sharpened. from time to time to givebest results. It is well to remember that it is cheap- er and better to pay the cost of sharp- ening theshares and colters than to pay for the fuel necessary to pull dull tools through the ground.. Britain Needs Wrangel Island. Wihialmur Stei'fanssoii, wiip;is urg- ing Britain to ' assert its `rights to Wrangel Isla,nel, because It will^ be- come en. important base fol Inless and all lknes when mail carrying soros the Arctic has 'become Via' com- monplace. Soviet Russia is reported -to have given orders to Prett''t any British ship reaching the Islands. Eat Vegetables for Vitamins. By L. F. Burrows, Secretary; Can- adian Horticultural Council': 1. 0lario s Better Live Stock Train By L. Stevenson, Secretary and Supervising Director, On- tario Dept. of Agriculture. The Ontario Better Live Stock Train of 1923 was, organized by the officials of the Live Stock Branch of the Ontario Department of Agricul- ture, assisted by the officials of the following organizations: Dominion Department of Agriculture, Industrial Meat Weil of nt ou Development C and .p Packers . Ontario Live ,MStoc 5 90a �` ova a Yi 'and the Canadian National Railway. The train was made up of sixteen cars, eleven of which carried live stock for de nonstratidn and sale. A lecture car and staff maintenance cars com- pleted the train • During ` March : the train made twenty-one all -day stops (9`a.m.-to 10 p.m.) and twelve half-day stops. Dur- ing April, twenty' -one all -clay stops and four half-day stops were made.; The total .number of actual farmers. visitingthe train during the period was 37,600. The number of school children that were conducted through the train by officials and teachers was .6,500. Lecturers, demonstrators and salesmen were continuously on duty in, the various cars, ' and dealt with. the varied inquiries of the visitors:: EDUOATIONAL FEATURES. The swine . cars were specially fitted to make demonstrations in divine grad - ...lug possible, and give `the farmers throughout the province a clear idea, of the type and conformation required for the different grades of hogs under the new grading regulations. Repre- sentative hogs, with thecorresponding cured Wiltshire sides, were used in this demonstration. For the conven- ience of farmers desirous of purchas- ing young breeding stock of the bacon producing type, a carload of boars and sows from six to eight months of age was included in the train. Many`sales were made, and good type young breeding stock left the train for ,new homes at every stop. The supply of stock was replenished at various points along the line of travel by pre vieus arrangement. POULTRY IteZriem. The poultry car was fitted out to demonstrate the .most approved rneth- ods of selecting, feeding, -housing and preparing poultry and poultry pro- ducte for market. In the exhibit'were included live birds showing desirable types;for egg production and also those for meat production. Culling demon- strations were given throughout the day, being illustrated with living specimens and skeletons. Models of poultry houses and equipment and of hatching and brooding devices, occu-' pied 'a prominent position in the ex-: ibft: Poultry nutrition was illus..' trnted in an attractive way through the use of colored transpa•reneies, giv-t ing'ratione used in chick rearing and the results.. The Canadian ° Fgg, Standard was well illustrated by a eontiuuous candling and grading de- motistration. Killing and plucking, as done by the expert in charge, was a rovelatiaa to many, as the loosened feathersewero stripped from the bird le the short space of one minute. DAZIWING, The dairy esbw ear contained good grade cow's, representing the Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire' and Shorthorn breeds. These animals were selected to show the influence of pure bred bulls, and demonstrate the high de. gree of excellence that may be ob- tained by careful breeding. Demon- strations and' lectures were given on cYsr With s ecral emphasis s o"' n „ea'104, ozxnatiael.. as_,assoeiated with. ni class cattle. Ayrshire, HO stein, -Jersey, and'Gurnsey bulls .were offered for sale at cost. These bulls were selected for their excellence of type and the production' of ancestry. A .number of young bulls were sold at the various stops. A dairy lecture was given each afternoon in the lec t::re car, dealing with feeds, herd iwn- provemr nt, and the rearing of young stork. SHEEP AND WOOL. In the sheep and wool car, a very attractive exhibit was presented, pre pared by the Provincial live stock men, co-operating with the wool grow- ers, the breeders and the woollen mills.. Typical fleeces of the principal grades of Canadian wool were shown and used in demonstrating the various grades, classesand purposes for which each was used. The preparation of wool for market was strongly em- phasized. Samples of cloth, knitted goods, blankets and, yarn made from Canadian wool from . Canadian mills, were shown and described. A num- ber of live sheep were carried- and suitably displayed; 'emphasizing the best breed types and market classes. Lectures were given on breeds, breed- ing, judging, and the: care and man- agement of the -flock. Two pens, one showing the progeny of a good type pure bred ram, and another showing the progeny of a grade ram, attracted considerable interest through the les- son, of superior lambs from the pure bred sire. A full line of shepherd's tools and: sheepfold requirements was shown, and explanations or demon- strations in the use of same were given by the officials in charge, BEEP CATTLE. The beef cattle exhibit consisted of a display of steers illustrating market grades and type improvement through the use of pure bred sires. The On- tario Agricultural College supplied a number ofanimals from a breeding experiment that has been under way during the pasttwo years, so that the farmers of the Province could see :for themselves the result of good breeding, coupled with proper care, feeding and nianal;ement. From the five cars of bulls for sale, many sales were made. Buyers were locking for quality and appreciated the guarantee and: the likelihood of getting a good bull when purchasing froin the government, To indicate the type of farrier that the lessons taught by the train was reach- ing, ft can be said that, out of the first fifteen' bulls sold, all but one went to farms where the, owner had not pre- viously kept a pure bred sire. The demonstration train attracted and enlightened farmers who hitherto had been disinclined to admit the ad- vantages of pure bred 81re's and of better live stock. Coniparatively recent is the addition of the word "Vitamin" to our 'Vocabu- lary, ocabu-lary, and even though th'e use of the word is now common, its meaning is not yet understood. Physicians Bios long recognized the value "of>vege- tables in the daily diet after we are now told that this value`lies largely in the fact that they contain: vitamins, and that vitamins are necessaryl.to life. Some vegetables contain -greater quantities and of different kinds than others. Three distinct kinds of vita- mins have been named "A," "B" and. Vitamin "A" is a mysterious ele- ment in food, without which Children cannot grow, but which grown folks also need. Shortage of vitamin "A" leads to disease of the eye,skin, and kidneys, and may cause •bad teeth, diarrhoea, pellagra and ',other ail- ments. As a rule, seeds of all hinds, are rather deficient in vitamin "A," While many fruits have not been! studied, it is probably safe to state that Inc* fruit juice contain appre- ciable'amounis of vitamin 93," It is likewise probably true that nuts are valuable sources of this vitamin, in- asmuch as, all nuts that have. been studied contain appreciable anemias, , , Vitamin "C" prevents disease and. promotes the general health, Lack of it ' gives the skin a bad :calor and makes the heart weak. It has long. been known that lemons, limes, oranges and fresh fruits were curative in scurvy. It has only been in recent years that we have understood that this curative effect was due to vitamin "C." While ' oranges have been : used. for a number of years in the treat- ment of - infantile scurvy, it is only recently that it has become the com- mon practice to supply orange juice to infants as part of the regular feeding practice. More recently it has been discovered that tomato juice is prac- tically equal to the juice of the orange in this .regard, and many physicians in the poorer districts of the large cities are prescribing strained tomato juice in place of orange juice: The juice of canned tomatoes seems to be very satisfactory for this purpose, 'in- dicating that the canning process is not particularly destructive as far as vitamin "C" is concerned. Berries are known to have scuryy-curing proper- ties, although little investigational work has been done. The Swedish turnip or rutabaga is very valuable as a source of vitami.,'i "C" and the same is true of the car- rot. Young carrots are " apparently more valuable than old carrots and this appears to be true for nanyvege tables. As a rule, itis probably safe to state that the vitamin coutent of vegetables is highest at the time that. the vegetable is most prized from the standpoint of tenderness and taste. Potatoes, onions `and parsnips are also considered valuable 'antiscorbutic foods.. Rhubarb, lettuce andcauli- flower must also be included in the list, while lovers of cabbage salad and "slaw" will be glad to know that raw cabbage. is one of the best sources of vitamin "C" that we have. Tomatoes have the threekinds of vitamins necessary to human health. Most vegetables have one or two but seldom ,all three. It is probably best to eat our fruits althqugli green peas contain appreci- and vegetables in the' fresh form when able amounts. Leafy plants, ,.on the it is possible to do so. There is little,. other hand, are valuable foods in this however, to be feared from the usual regard. Spinach and chard are prob- methods of canning and cooking. If ably the richest of the common leafy we eat a sufficient amount of vege foods in this element; lettuce ranks tables and fruits throughout the year, next, with cabbage holding third; place. it will not matter if a small percent- . The roots and tubers vary, sweet age of the vitamins are destroyed in potatoes and carrots' rankingi•first, the.coojdng process. As a rule, long while white.or Irish ,potatoes contain continued heating or cooking is con- but a small amount," andnit is doubtful . sidered undesirable, and air should be if beets, rutabagas and:'parsnips can excluded as far as possible. thin appreciable .an ousts.: .Tomatoes, Ttsttetiot"necessary that we be vege- however ' are v.eey rich'an vitami "A" tar"ians: • We should be reasonable and and Iius _b.:b. ar rdI `,.;sgra, sh is al..s.o'.a. r ' iab e sensible nsible a- n n_,.o. t.fa d di. sts. Ev ery diet, souxc:- , o .:.e A that of.gro growing children, the, fruits; ; but there xs evidence -that 'should contain" :''milk, butter, eggs, :apples, bananas. and 'ox'a ges contain fresh vegetables, and fresh fruits if small amounts of this vfttnin. 'e' 'expect to: obtain the best results. rr i.. • 7 Vitamin "B"is gudi>$n a3 of good r: � :Various fruit and vegetable canning, digestion and proper fu� ctioning of xialpe' books have been issued from the liver and other gland: This vita- i`iine to time, but the best that has re- cently come to my attention is that issued by the Fruit Branch•of the Do- minion Department of Agriculture, These booklets contain recipes which have been thoroughly tested, are:prac- tical' and economical. Theymay be had free upon application to the Fruit Commissioner, Department of Agri- culture, Ottawa. min is found in the germ and brawny portion of cereals. In the milling of wheat, however, this vitamin is . so completely removed that the best grades of flour are entirely lacking. This does not mean . that we ' should. condemn the white breads, starchy foods, white rice, etc.; it merely means that we must choose our foods intelligently and eat more vegetables. Potatoes, sweet and white, contain appreciable amounts of vitamin "B," although the turnip and onion are more valuable in this regard, The beet root contains a fair amount, although its leaves appear to be much richer. This ,vitamin is also found in the to- mato, cabbage, spinach, lettuce, 'pars ley, and the lowly dandelion, the to- mato beingespecially valuable. • He Needed Another.Year. "Position :wanted" . ran an . adver tisement•in a Shanghai newstpaper.,"A young Chinese with four years' ex- perience xperience in English seeks place as a junior clerk. Salary no objection." As a matter of fact, it usually isn't. Keep looking ahead, unless you are in a pasture with a ram. Horne Education "The Child's First School Is the Family"—Froebel." Mother's Clothes—By Lydia Lion Roberts "Why, mother," cried the little boy,' child's remarks about clothes as that .his' eyes shining, "you look just like is one way of learning how the little a schoolgirl in that white waist and brain is working. A mother came into blue tie. I like that, wear it again!" the room where two boys were playing Children do' notice mother's clothes and showed them her new silvery gray and are quite' fine little critics. It is straw hat. interesting and profitable to question. "-"You look just like -.'a hearse," an- the reasons for their approval or dis- ziounced the younger boy delightedly. approval 'of various dresses, and a The; remark was rather startling, wise mother wilt talk over her clothes with the children. If she explains but the; mother smiled and said, Do ns the You like this hat?" 1� reason she chose a certain coldiq'how Oh,' yes, rt,s so 'shiny and pretty, she matched her hat to her gloves ` replied the boy,' "and; I like the silver why this cloth is.stronger than eonxe-, look" thing else, and all the little. effects! Did you seeranythiiig to -day about that same color?" asked that combine thrift and good taste, the,the mother,: children will not: Only be pleas d .at .of" still searchingfor the reason back her confidence in their nndersta ding, l that first remark. I but will, absorb. much useful kno. ,'ledge "Yes, I saw a carriage all silver and about clot es shiny like your hat," nodded the child, h `t a mother ' ti e. not r lfze'' and brother -said it was a hearse, Sometimes o s t o The connection was explained, lained . the pride and interest . the eh' ldren �' p , , take in her clothes: childike, he had connected' the first- << f gray hearse he had 'seen with the sil- I like to go out with you since." you ' verygrayhat. His mind was grasp - made - new skirt said a', little c P made trait , ing the fact of'"a new color effect. If girl, "the• other one didn't 101c so the mother had been irritated at his nine," • 1, impulsive remade, or had laughed . it If a mother gets careless oi- dis-! away, she would have hurt the child coursged and lets 'her clothes, lose and driven his new thoughts and eon their charm, the children resent it� fidelices back into himself. even if they do not voice it: It ie only' To dress tastefully, to bring the fair to the childrenfor mother to , children into companionship with spend as much ,effort and thought on! mother by sensibly discussing clothes. her own clothes as she does on their'' and the art of dressing, to InalKe it a fascinating apparel, and thews in later! jolly, festive occasion when mother yeah; they will not demand- every -1 has 'solnethirg'new, ie to realize that thing, but will want retailer to have I in the development of the child life an pretty things too. (important part is playedeven by X,t pay's to understand and weigh a mother's clothes. fasitismotiosommossoimago Dissolve in boiling water Use enough oto get a big lasting Suds Big lasting suds—one secret of Rinso's amaz- ing power to dissolve dirt. If you don't get lasting suds, you have not used enough Ringo. /Soak an hour or more O yr.i htyrlolt (Colored elothem only half an hour) After soaking,. onlythe most :soiled clothes need it light rubbing with dry Rinso. Your clothes don't need boiling if you' use Rinso. • But 'if you like to your. white cottons, use t boil .: enough Rinse solution to get the suds you like. Rinso is made by the largest soap makers in the world to do the family trash as easily and safely as LUX does fine things.' LEVER BROTHERS LIMITED TORONTO R302 Lies,1..4! ne"IstiP &sea POULTRY For several years past, the food value and medicinal qualities of yeast have been constantly before us. As to its tonic properties, as an aid to' di- gestionand assimilation, as a correc- tive of constipation tendencies, and an appetite stimulator, it has 'been thor- oughly and satisfactorily tried out -- first by the family and now with the poultry. One of the first experiments in feed- ing yeast to baby ;chicks, was. found to be sq satisfactory that its use as %a f general poultry oultr . f sed has, been adopted. . It is prepared by soaking" a pack- age in a half -gallon of water until the, yeast is soft. " Then it is made into a. soft batter with cooked potatoes and flour, andallowed to raise. Then it is stiffened with cornmeal until crumbly, and spread out in the sun to dry.., When it is "thoroughlydry it maybe sacked and stored for use,,.and will keep indefinitely if placed in a dry place where it will not mold. For, feeding baby chicks, goslings, ducks or . turkeys, it may either be crumbled fine or soaked until soft; but do not feed oftener than three times a week. For feeding theolder fowls, allow a pint for each dozen fowls, mixed with the other feed used. It may be given either as a dry- feed, or with a wet The Silo Foundation" Has a Hard Job. The silo foundation has two big jobs —it has to carry the vertical load` of the silo walla and the bursting strain caused by the settling of: the silage. To insure that it will do both jobs, use plenty, of steel re -enforcing and make the masonry :footings wide, so as to prevent uneven settling with the. resulting cracking. Regardless of the kind of foundation that you build, al- ways use the best of materials.'Prob- ably there are more silos standing upon concrete foundations to -day than upon any other. The silo foundation on riiy` neigh- bor's farm was made with dirty gravel (in the concrete), and the result is, the foundation has gone' to pieces within a year after building, This same gravel was used for other work about the faun with pretty good re- sults, but under the peculiar strain of the silo foundation it went to pieces. Use one part cement, two and one- half of ne-half-of sand, and four" parts,of crush- ed rock or graded gravel for silo work. Use only clean, sharp sand, and water that is good to drink. Dirty water will not rreake good concrete.—R. If.. "I{raut or pickle kegs and tubs are cleaned thus." writes a subscriber "I use plenty of boiling water, in which bicarbonate of soda is dissolved (one- fourth pound of soda to a gallon of water), After the kegs have -been well scalded, I plaee1hem in the sun for several days, then go over the in- skle "of the rtes or tub.'with melted. pare -wax or paraffin. This makes the keg perfectly sweet inside and keeps it from leaking." Let us remember that the only way' to keep our life -peaceful and happy isi to keep the heart at rest. --C. H� Spurgeon. See that you lay drains belowthe. frost -line and out of the way of the! plow -point F'BOOKLETS S SENT; FREE Any`f the_foll• a owl maybe had ng free, . a , on application to':the Publications Branch Department' of Agriculiure Ottawa, Canada The Milking Machine. Report Experimental Station, Rapes - leasing, Ont., 1922. Pigeons.• Fruit and Fruit Packages. Hardy Roses•,' Co-operation in Marketing Poultry Produce. Fox Ranching in Canada. The Influence of Feeds and Feeding on the Type of :Market Hogs Dairying ,in New Zealand and Aus tralia. Weeds and Weed Seeds. Bran, Shorts and Middlings and Feed Flour. Finishing Lambs, for the Recleaned. Elevator Screenings • as ski Food for Live Stock, - The Feeding of, Sheep. Swine Husbandry in Canada. The Winter Feeding of Beef Cattle in Ontario.: Meilleur Cheese. Ie Cow Testing Worth While? Crate Fseding, Standardized Grades di Egge. Preparing Poultry Produce for Market,] List of 350 Publications. The Preservation of Eggs in. the Hoine,t Name . Post Office . • •• R.R. No.. Province (No stamp required) A TREATISE WO are large Matra o gook obttni g (ingot 011r. service must bo giving satistht:tion, wry dor uatreaage: ie intending ee,e, Year, :fair for pataleulnre^•••it 9411 uv v4lthla 206 miles oc 'r'orobto, ranoNTb 'eft AMEflY, -0 CH11l1614 sr„ toRON'tb (OWndd acid Operated by ` united Partners' Co- operative, Ltd.) OI Me Mire FREE, This book it ono of the best ever'hzttten for the horeemmnaetd the funuor. Inp141n,overydayy'WO or. staudsblb Boll ohit dr,itto vrtth ovrvy Yilsnent that hordottot414 olY t(4. gliA.tent kOw• to troet Mop'y, 7C hthl ohpplrra oh efie0. dud nhaehlg; b ,,edlnZ OA loading, The book it worth mi. dorms. to the handier of twee., blrt a tou have tomo lo to to*your dntAtlot for it, It it absolutely Gree. IIets le orb opinion tioirtt*BpRWtdIt, N A., Jan: ID, 1e4f. "PleAde bona the b'y tasstl your 05815 look •shoeing poettleng tea (iottone ot Wok ho1•ee Hsve been using your iteiWell's Spilt( Treat. ntenttoryeAtearia thinkitIssgreettreat,nent." tBSIN OOarcUM. ityoar druBglot had not dopy Ot the t,00lti 1011 vrrito to, tilted, r Or. B. J. IKENDALL 00.i Enosburg Ellis, VI., U.S.A. e 18sUa No. 37---'&