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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1923-07-12, Page 7GA�1piDA'� ARC�If .C�IIPEI.AiGO Government Purchases Strong «Arctic" on IIsi . Following up the work of last year in the •north, the Departmentof the Interelor; through its North West Ter- ritories Branch, 1e, making preparation tor further activitiesalong sini•ilar lines, rt is hoped that it will be possible to establish this :year two or possibly three additional Royal Canadian' Mounted Police posts, one at Cumber- land gulf on Baffin, Island,•one;at Cape Sabine or near there on Elie mere Is- land, and one ata point to be'selected on Lazicaster Sound; In 'addition to this the pasts establlsh.ed last season will be resupplied witty •stores and'. a judicial' party will be 'taken, to.. Ponds Inlet Zr the trial there of the Eski mos •who are ,alleged to, hs,ve killed the trader Janes in the sping of 1921. It Les hoped that arrangements can be made to •have a naturalist end a mineralogist or geologist go north with the ship to; remain throughout at least one year. It is felt that in this way a great deal of really valuable infor- mation may, be :obtained regardingk the economic possibilities of, the nortli. New Ship Is. -Purchased. - To enable this; programme to 'be ear- . reed Celt, a new ship has been pure •. ehaeed in England. Taking advantage of Captain Bernier's• intimate know- ledge of the type of ship needed for thiswork, the was, sent to England in December to .investigate, and -otter in- specting many ,different ships, -recom mended :the acquisition of the, St. Fin- barr, one of a class of boats known a,s "rescue tugs." For the purpose for which she was built;'which wasto winter in the north in safety to herself and comfort to her ere*, the Arctic could hardly be sur- passed: She is past her prime, how- ever, and now that the requirements call for a speedy, powerful ship, able' to make the northerly daah each sum- mer to eepl•enish supplies and to carry replacement personnel to the 'various posts, the Arctic has to be discarded,' sailed. Speedy -Ship to Replace velopment Work. and will probably return to her more prosaie duty of acting as lightship at ' some point' in the lower St, Lawrence. The St. Finbarr will be rechristened the- , Franklin" in honor- of 'Sir Jolin Franklin, the celebrated British, ex,; . plover, and the name seems •the more appropriate ae: the stip will operate ;a1- meet entirely in the waters of, the Pre- visional District of Franklin,. Is Pea/erre! Boat. The Franklin, then, is a strong, powerful steel ship of about 500 tons,. She. is 135 feet'long, 29 feet beam, and has, a depth .:of 16 feet. S•he is equip- ped witli quipped:with two large Scotchboilers, fur- nishing steal]); for triple expansion en- gines of 1,•20;0 horsepower, and can de - vele"; a speed of from 12 to 13 knots if necessary. She is only four years old and was "secured at a figure far be- low her original cost and far below her Present replacement value. Certain ,alterations will be necessary to fit her far her arduous, northern work. ": A "rubbing, plate" will be put en her sides to protect her from ice action, while she will be given greater internal strength by transverse beams and special: bracing. Her rudder will be protected from the ice, while back- ing, by a 'special "apron," 'and to con- serve coal when running with a fair wind she will be equipped with .spare• and light sailer .which may also prove very useful in case of accident to her power' plant. • At a later date her accommodation • will be increased so that she may com- fortably 'carry her office1'sand crew, the police, officials of the Department of Justice, or any Government teehni- eai- of[icers,who may find it necessary to visit the northern islands. In the opinion of those qualified to judge, Canada's moat northern dis- brots are only awaiting an opportunity to prove themselves, both by land and. sea, a wonderful storehouse of natural wealth, and the commissioning of the Franklin is another step toward their development. An Oil -Fueled Fish. - A. 'fish equipped with a special oil supply for a swift race up ,the cold Yukon River has been :reported by Dr, C. H. Gilbert to the United States Bur eau of Fisheries. ,Tb,e enormous store of potential energy in the form, of oil carried by the Yukon salmon far ex cels both in richness and quantity that. of eny''other salmon. In fact, when hung 'on ` the racks to dry the fish drip oil profusely. The reason why this fish has ,this special oil supply iSthat itmust Main- tide aintarn a. speed- from, three to five; times :that of:the salmon in other rivers, due to the fact that the season is very short, and that the spawning grounds are between 2000 and 3000 miles from • the Meath of the river. Where the sa,lmnon of other rivers need cover only the short c&istanne of from• ten to twee ty miles a day,:her Yukon sister must maintain an average of tripleor quad- ruple this distance if she is to reach the- spawning grounds andaccomplish her destiny of spawningand: dying in th:e'brlef time available. Special care Wee taken to check accurately the Speed efthe Yukon salmon, and•Doetor Gilbert found that .the rate 'constantly increased as far up as Tanana, where it had -reached an average for the en- tire river below, this point of sixty-two miles a day over a period of thirteen' days.. From Tanana on, the rate de - Creases somewhat, probably because of the current of the Rampart Rapids as well as the general increase in cur- rentin the upper portion of the river. As, the end of the journey approaches, 'however, there is another spurt, and it sreeins well established, says Doctor Gilbert, that "the first king salmon to reach Dawson" during July, 1920, when the observations .were made, "had been traveling against a. consistently rapid eurren,t for "twenty-nine days, at the rate of fifty. -two miles a day, dur- ing: which period, se is always the case when the salmon are running in the river, they had taken no food," The specialization of these iis,h is nit confined • to the king sahnon, which are; the choicest for human consump- .6ien. Even the Yukon "chum," a fish of lowlier degree, is similarly supplied 'with a special atore' of elk Known generally as a species that spawns ex- clusively ` in the lower courses of streams,•oftenscarcely i above the reach of the tides' and nearer far from • salt water, in the Yukon it shows a re- markable reversal of habit, and under rile Spur Of necessity rushed up the river:2000 miles or more tothe spawn- ing grounds at a speoa ,a.veraging fifty Miles a day. Pilotless' Aeroplanes. The French Army Air Service. has, •succeeded :ln perfecting a pilotless ,-aeroplane;, The machine, which is a 'large, bon4ber ' with a three•hundred- lair'se-power engine, hap an aerial through which •it receives by radio The Next Election The prospective candidate addresses his constituents 'by • radio -From Lon-, don Opinion. For Little -Things. Last night I looked, across the hills And through an arch of darkling pine. Low -swung against a limpid west I saw a young moon shine. And as I gazed there blew a wind, Loosed where the sylvan shadows stir, Bringing -delight teal -nil and sense • Thebreathof dying fir, This morn I saw a dancing host Of poppies in a garden way, And straight my Heart was mirth- pee- sess•ed And I was glad as: they. • I heard a song across the sea As sweet and faint as echoes are, And glimpsed a poignant happiness No. care of earth might mar. Dear God, our life is beautiful In every splendid gift it brings, But most I, thank Thee humbly for The joy of little things. —L. M. Montgomery. Enormous Reservoir. The Gouin reservoir en the upper St. Maurice River, near the La Loutre rapids, Quebec, constitutes one of the largest reservoirs in the world, its capacity being 160 billion cubic feet and the water area 300 square miles. The storage permits of a regulated permanent flow of 12,000 cubic feet per second at Shawinigan, or in other words, a capacity capable of providing for an installation, totalling one mil- lion horse-,power:at the various sites• along the river. Keep Mustard Covered, If• a mustard cull be left open the electric currents. tbat actuate a starlet; mustard ':soon loses its power._ The bflevers controlling ,the plane. On trial' flight tinders radia . control the $lane teak off, flew for half an hour at a height of fifteen hundred feet and then made a smooth landing. it ie not alwe,yl necessary to take a eleck to pincee to clean it, Soaa1K a piece of cote -wool iii •paraffin, place this in' a. tin aid or small saucer, and Plat it in the 'ease' of the 00 014 finder the. works, , In a day or two it will halo attracted all the dust which has 111aeoeti thea movetn dl,of the clock, reason' fa popularly supposed to be that the strength is evaporated in the air, but a French scientist has shown that the change is• due to two kinds of bacilli inhabiting the mustard. For- tuftately they ale aerobic, that Is•, they must have air, consequently they, are not 'active if 'the mustard' cup Is kept Closed. d'uat At rt boy la drawn to wrong by the presentation of wrong, so is he drawn to good by the presentation of good.—Lord 1VIay'or of Leede. i. TO CQ : • ►1 it fl 11 or +v.r To Live Again To-morry. When I shall come to die, I trust I may exclaim, Asdid a little lad one day, Who in my yard had been at play`, ;In an exciting game. • • Said he on leaving me: "To quit this fun I'm sorry; I've had a lovely time, old man, And if you let me'I shall plan To coins again to-morry.". When I shall come to die, May I have grace to say To Him Who is the Host of Life, Who superintends each noble strife, And plans our work and play: "I'ye had a lovely time; Some days were fringed with glory; And very pleasant playmates, too, Whom I would meet to-morry." When I shall come to die, Oh, ,may I grateful be For every -day, both worst and best, For every test and every zest That Heaven sent to me. And.niay I say with -hopeful heart: "To quit this game I'm sorry; And if, 0 Father, you'll agree, Please give a little Iad like me A, chance to live to-morry." —Dr. Byron Stauffer, A ' Worn Out Horse. I know I'm old, I can't help that, its part of Nature's plan, That I should: grow more weary now than when I first began. My stable lets in all the rain, I'm cold, what can I do? I never get enough to eat, I fear I'm nearly through. They've worked me hard my wbole • life long, no holidays I've ,had.. Some masters • have been kind to me; while others have been bad. I'd like a little comfort now, and rest my weary frame, But all I get are kicks and knocks. For what am I to blame? • If people would be kind to us fine ser- vice we could give, Forests Have Peopled Canada's North. Water Removed and Restord to Food. h earliest history of tate human 'ata t+evaals an endeavor to preserve foal -6 1o' winter use by extraeting the water from them, our own Indians be- eXperte iii„ ,tb+e handling of sun dried :products. Principal amcuig' these W46. melee or •common corn, as we know it to -day, anal • different kinds of meat': _'While their methods were necessarily primitive, they stave con- tinued lu:;use until the recent' perfec- tion ,of the, dehydration process• began to supplant them. Science ':shows that where the sun fails it is largely because of the vary- ing temperature transmitted to fruits placed out in the open. Each class of feud requires• a certain degree of heat to evaporate the water at such an even rate that the vegetable or animal cells are preserved intact. The only way to obtain this result is through mechani- cal processes having a reliable method of heat control. This prevents the cells of vegetables, fruits., treats and fish from shrinking too much, some- thing, which always happens in sun dried products. In addition, the more efficient mechanical dryers, preserve the original colorsof fruits and vege- tables, thus tending to make them more appetizing. Dried fruits and vegetables are fre- quently mentioned in Biblical writings. Joseph's experiences in Egypt show tbat his method of preserving corn was the means of preventing the cu,s4 Ornery famines., but had he :been able' to use 'modern dehydrating processes' he could have Made Egypt a land plenty at all seasorts of the year. Althqugh sun. dried food vias the forst •method of'Iireserv1ng it for future use, the process was not entirely sati factory:, Coristaut endeavors were al- ways being made to supplant it with; a form of canning that would retain the aaturai taste and coyer. Tbregreater part of the flavor was absorbed by the sun in the drying process. Strange tp, say, successful canning has. not beeps in use for.inore than a hundred years, and even then the metal can of to -day was unthought af, as glass was the only material deemed safe for canning purposes. The predominating percentage of` water to be found in almost all articles+ of food makes then' ideal subyeots for the perfected rehydrating process now coming into general use. • -When we' consider that the powdered milk on. the market originally contained.87 per cent. water, it is readily seen that many bottles, of milk can be put rote a •comparatively small paper carton. At first thought it would'seem that the watermelon has the highest water con- tent among the fruits and veggetablee,- but the tomato exceeds it by about 2 per cent., the exact percentages being 92.4 and 94.3 respectively, ' Water Kindles Fire. Seating fire to a stick of wood by putting it into water sounds? like Alice in Wonderland or the strange adven- tures to which one is sometimes sub- ject from retiring too soon after a large piece of hot mince pie. Yet it can happen. The experiment was actually performed in the wonderful Valley of the Ten Thusand Smokes; in Southern Alaska, by Dr. Robert F. The forests of Canada have' done Griggs, leader of the exploration party msent there by the National Geographi- uch to cause expansion of industrial cal Society after the tremendous erup- activity in the Dominion. The exodus tion of Mt. Katmai in 1912. of a considerable number of people to the •United. States has caused wide concern but it seems to have been overlooked, according to a well-known forestry official at Ottawa, that the forests of Canada, past and present, have been steadily pulling population into the Dominion. . The pulp and paper industry alone has drawn tens,an immense red-hot caldron of vol - of thousands of home owners into this country, directly and indirectly. The lumber industry has established thou- sands of small communities and emi- The onlynecessary qualifications of this astonishing statement, which is made in the recently published volume relating the several explorations, is that the stick was thrust into steam, which, while nothing but water, is not water in the liquid state. The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes is little more than a huge lid laid over canic fires lying at the foot of Mt. Kat- mai, the volcano which blew its head off in the terrific eruption of 1912. The graben to the United States, is valley is Y-shaped, chant nine• miles pointed out, has not been fed by, the long and from one to two miles wide. forest industries. On the contrary, The floor of tae valley, which is the there are 120,000 well paid Canadian by lid of the caldron, has been perforated the . imprisoned' farces in countless n manufacture "who lire employed in- :forest; the of places through which hoot constantly and the number has been steam and other gases are continuous- ly escaping, giving the valley its des- - Every standing tree in the forests'l eriptive name. It is something like a of Canada represents jobs for work- ersi cafeteria or lunch ch counter "steam both nearby and in distant cities. table" on a gigan scale. The change that can be wrought in a Doctor Griggs and has. companions ade use of this gigantic steam kettle large district through, the destruction m of .forests in wholesale manner by fire as a cook -stove during their explore - Pennsylvania axe is to be seen in the State of fleas of the valley, but they found Pennsylvania where drastic steps have some of the blowholes, were altogether been taken under the direction of Gove, too hot, They would corrode the cook- ernor Gifford Pinchot of that state leg utensils, although nothing was who was famed for his work'in forest' coming .out of them in most cases but conservation under the late Theodore,' pure, dry steam. It occurred to Doctor Roosevelt.. The experience in Penn- Griggs to see if it were not possible to Sylvania is only a reflection of the ad set fire to a stick of wood by putting verse develdpment that has happened it in the steam, which of course is elsewhere in the States and that has + nothing but pure water in a gaseous caused many business, mento turn to state. Canada for timber supplies. The The end of a walking stick was curt econotnie situation in whole communi-f into a brush of shavings and thrust ties has been changed because forest i into a fuinarole. It soon' began to protection did not go hand in hand! smoke and to char, indicating a tem - with industrial activities. Fire risks 1 perature nearly if not quite that of were unchecked and valuable stands 1 red heat. But wood will not burn in of timber went up in smoke. The folly steam. It needs oxygen for centime - of all this has been seen. The reclamation project which has been launched by the State of Penn- sylvania • in the hope of restoring steady industrial life already affects tion, and so the smoking and charred stick was quickly pulled out into the air. It immediately burst into flame, since it had been heated to about the temperature of combustion and there - See that we have our. food • and rest, 1 6,000,000 acres of -land that, in former fore needed only oxygen to burn But and proper place to live, years,• supported heavy, stands of tim- it was the steam that really kindled If they would do this, it would help, as ber. A ; survey of the Pennsylvania the fire, and so Doctor Griggs may we draw near the end, forestry.;department shows a total of truthfully state that are started a bon- fire by putting the kindling wood into water. For horses, as you now quite well, are man's most noble friend. —Samuel. B. Herbert. No Survivors. Judge—"This bootlegger ought to be tried by a jury of his patrons!' State's Attorney --"Alas, your honor;: there are no stirvivorel" 18,000,000 acres of land in the "Penn- sylvania Desert" where trees former- ly grew and which is considered suit- able only for forestry. With forests being depleted, Amer- ican industries quickly turned to Can- ada and this country has gained in wealth, industry and population as a result: • But the warningis issued. that: a crisis may soon be reached in the Dominion if forest fires are allow- ed to continue in their present num- ber, Fire losses in standing timber in Canada are in the ratio of 10 to 1 as )against the number of trees that are °cut down for legitimate purposes. 'lie, unpleasant things about your job„: are whatmake the job worth pay- ing for. Shy Just a few. Reggie ---"It takes nine tailors to make a roan, Miss Sharpe." lllfss Sharpe—"What a pity you haven't the means to employ the full number, Mr. Sapp." WHAT CIERIVI'ANY bf$ El The above shows what Ger'meitaaa upon the allies in the great war. The fl tion to Prance, $20,400,000,000; lrranee'ye 000; t.7.s, debt in 1910, $23,000,000,000, AY IN COMPARISON WITH THE ALLIES' DEBTS. reparations is compared with the debts and losses she .leas lnflicted re, lett to right: Germany's offer, -$7,500,000,000; German destruc- 1019; $26,000,000,000; British Empire war debt in 1919, $87,000,000, - Calm' is just about one-fifth of the British Eiaplro"s debt, The Horse and His Oats. As all stockmen know, a horse fed on a heavy diet, of oats has an insup- pressible desire to stand on his hind legs and otherwise conduct himself so as to show the worldthe spirits that are in him. We would think, of course, that he was merely letting off an ex- cess of energy derived from his highly nutritious diet, but en the other hand it may well be that his obstreperous- ness is only an attack of nerves. • Prof. E. V. McCollum, the nutrition expert of Johns Hopkins University, inclines, to the latter view. ' e thinks that the horse which "feels' his oats" is displaying pathological irritability and apprehensiveness rather than healthy Capers. Professor McCollum observed this condition in connection with the diet- ary experiments, on rats. When the rats were fed on a restricted diet—for example, one kind lit grain only—they became ,restless, irritable and appre- hensive. It is the difference between being "on edge” and "full of pep." The animal that is on edge exerts itself ex-' cessively without urging, but it is not a healthy behavior: A restricted diet of only One food; however good that fond may be, lacks some of ihs necessary;, eleni:r??•tea ,tor complete nutrition and lacks many of them in proper proportion, This, re- sults in a condition of malnutrition which may not be serious but in un- wonted. • You cannot build a house out of bricks alone, and it is equally true that you cannot build a horse out of oats. Various foods are supplementary to one another and must be mixed in pro- per proportions far an optimum diet for either man or animal. BANG! Torpedo—"You look fine to -day, RIr., FIrecracker. Cracker—"Yes. I'm all right to -day,, but I will •soon be shot to pieces." Knowledge of the Soil. An expert of the 'United States De• partment of Agriculture avers that there are lands in the old world, par- ticularly In Europe, where the soil is, platted and analyzed to the last square meter. This meter is worth- sa much; that meter is worth so much Blore;. the grapes from that little patch are re- served for certain "cabinet", wines; the grapes from this patch! are less valuable, In this relation special re- ference is made to the Schloss Joban- isberger vineyards in Germany. In China, too, there is found this exact knowledge of til e value of every foot of sail; but in the Orient the knowledge comes by tradition and cus- tom rather than by laboratory analy- sis, as is the case in Europe and America.: In the 'United States the work of platting soil has been but recently un- dertaken, and the unit of measurement fs much more likely to be an acro or a, ten -acro field than a square yard. *21 Sarcastto. A farm-hand who had worked every day in the week from dawn till late at night, finishing hie duties by lana, tern light, went to the farmer et the, end of the month and said: "I'm going to leave. You promised• me a steady job," "Well, haven't you alte?" was the/ astonished reply, "No," said the worker, "There are three or lour hours eve s�nib t vlei ldont have nything tod•exaep4 fool; away my time sleepingt'