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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1923-06-14, Page 2Got tlfig book' Yon cannot rolford to bo without it. it coAts eafiotldngl If 'sou own horoos, it on savd you hundreds of dollars. Tho book -"A. troottse on the bora o" -la y01 ro for the oaking, at yoga d'ruggtet s, The nor o and nit About htntuhte dioospce hehtdreoa nisothdmm-vhattodeabnOt.,• thorn -with abeptors o,4 broodhrg.-shoe end ehoeiing, foodiny�-and ni,trty:ttied had provon hor"sotnott'o r ,3 tiedlee. Ajit year drul;glat for n copy of "]l Treattee' ori tho'itorsa" or Welke ns direct, 12 Be.B.J.KENC/41.LLC0.. Bttoclturg,routs. Vt.; �- �' Experimental 'Farm at Ottawa intro- mlrit.73 AdeIaide St, Wast, Toronas dueed'the Bang System m connection Salving a Tuberculous Dairy Herd Successful Operation of the "Bang System" at the (Central Experimental Farm. About six years age, the Central • Address communications to Agrono ''QUR WAYS TO GET EGGS WHEN PRICES ARE HIGHER. suppose we all think sometimes *that our hens are determined to, lay all 'the eggs they can when eggs are leheap, and out of contrariness take a'acations when eggs are high, It is true that hens do lay more eggs 'when hen fruit is cheap, and fewer when it is high. But the reason is 'that when everybody's hens are she11- 4ng out eggs the price goes down be - :‘cause there are lots of eggs. And when production slows up, naturally the price becomes greater. 1 am not going to promise that you can make hens lay most heavily when prices are high and less when eggs are ow. But I will say that it is wholly possible by careful, sensible manage - Merit to get more eggs than usual. during, the later summer months, when eggs are always higher. I am going to mention four plans that I have found by experience will bring more eggs during those months. Four reasons for the usual summer slackening of eggproduction are: 1. Broodiness. 2. Parasites. 3. Poorly balanced rations, during the spring as well as in the summer. 4. Heavy laying in spring • that low- ers the hen's vitality. So, if we are going to get more higher priced eggs in July and Aug- ust, these are our problems. The solu- tions may not be exactly easy, but my experience has shown me that enough can be accomplished to make the ef- fort very profitable indeed. The slump in egg prices, which 'usually continues through April and May, by July generally changes to an upward tendency, with higher prices from then on. I am well convinced that it pays to try to manage the flock so that the laying 'season is lengthened out. Here are the methods I have used to accomplish the purpose: 1. Prevent broodiness. If checked at the very start, broodi- tness will affect the egg production but little. But if your hens are allowed to sit a few days and get heatedup, it is not only hard to break them, but they are also apt to be through with laying for a long period. The best and simplest way to make a hen decide she doesn't want to raise a family is to put' her in a small crate with a wire or slat bottom. This ven- sated bottom allows air to circulate air •the hen. She is kept uncom: ats%le. Still better, hang the crate up by wires so it will swing. Two or three days of this will usually break the most determined hen. Feed in the crate the regular egg mash, plenty of green food and water. This will tend to keep the hens laying and prevent them from drying up. It is well to go through the hen house every night or so during the late 'Spring and early summer, lifting the hens off the nest and taking them to the crate. After roosting is the best time. ' I find this plan far superior to starving hens, 'which in itself checks production, or by wetting them, or any other commonly practiced plan. 2. Destroy parasites. Warm weather means more active lice and mites. They sap vitality. Lice and mites are often confused. They are different, and require different treatment. Lice are always on the fowl. They can't live unless they are on the bird, where they breed, hatch,' and grow. There are several different kinds of lice, some feeding on the head,. others on the neck, some on the back; since their feeding habits are alike, all can be fought alike. - Investigators a few years ago found that sodium fluoride powder was an absolute specific against chicken lice. For about 50 cents a pound your -drug- ,gist will supply the commercial grade --it need not be chemically pure -and a pound will dust at least; 200 hens. I use it• this way. I hold the hen by the legs, head down. I. rub a pinch of fluoride, held between thumb and index finger, along the base of the tail feathers, around the vent, under each wing, down the back, up the back of the neck and on the back of the head. I usually take three -or four pinches for each hen, Within three or four days it is well to go over every bird. Within a we4 the lice will be gone. All that hatch from eggs present during the dusting will be killed. Defect, your hens may 1 not be bothered with lice for a year or more. The mite is a different "critter,' It ,is seldom on the hen exeept at night, I or when she is on her nest. He hides din cracks and corners, Since•. he does not chew, as does the louse, but sucks blood from the hen by thrusting his bill through the skin, surface poison does not affect him- You have to make it hot for him. The best method is to clean out all. the dirt you possibly can, especially from the corners of nests 'and roosts, and spray or ppa�int thorouglit, with Some strong disTnfecting solution, usu- ally one with a coal -tar base. A spray or paint that goes into the cracks and lasts for months is best Especial suc- cess often follows application of dis- infectants while they are hot. A good plan to get the internal parasites which are apt to be active at this period, is to feed the hens two, per cent. by weight of finely ground tobacco stems' or leaves -leaves pre- ferred -in the mash feed for ten days.. A pound of Epsom salts to every 100 birds, every three days, should be fed while the hens are getting tobacco: 3. Keep the rations right. Sometimes the flock's yards and ranges get bare and dry in late sum- mer. The hens continue • to enjoy a taste for juicy and succulent food. , I. like to see an arrangement that will keep for the hens a continual growth of green food after the early spring supply is exhausted. Experiments I have studied con- vince Hie that, while a;wide variation of formulas for mash feed is possible, it is absolutely essenital to maintain the proper proportions of the cardinal factors, such as mineral protein, fibre, and mineral food. Mineral food is extremely -important. Whether you use a commercial or a home -mixed mash, the elements of phosphorus, sul- phur, and calcium must be present. It is not the exception to find good hens that have stopped laying because of a lack of mineral foods. 4. Regulate the rateof production so as to extend the laying period. This sounds like a formidable task; but it is simpler than it seems. A hen that lays heavily during the, spring mayexhaust her vitality and literally "lay herself out" She likely has` the capacity .to- lay ;:a certaireariinj','er'of eggs in a year. If allowed to lay all these eggs in the spring months, little more can be expected of her later. By turning a bucket upside down you can pour out all the water at once. By tipping it gradually, you can take a much longer time to empty it. To an extent you can do the same thing with a hen. Once hens stop laying it is a hard task to bring them back. It is not uncommon for farm flocks to lay as high as 80 per cent. for short periods. This is dangerous, except perhaps for a highly skilled poultryman. When the flock production begins to reach 50 per cent., 50 eggs a day per 100 hens, it is well to slow ahem .up. The most effective way I know to do this is to reduce the amount of mash, especially the animal protein element in it, and to increase in direct propor- tion the scratch feed and the propor- tion of starch in it. This should be done gradually when production goes over 40 per cent. If the flock will hold between 45 per cent. and 65 per cent. with a heavy feeding of scratch feed, you may be very certain the hens will not lose weight. It is a well-known fact that when a hen be- gins to lose weight her egg production will quickly begin to drop. The scratch feed will tend to main- tain weight. If production starts to - drop below 40 per cent. again, it is time gradually to. decrease the scratch"' feed and to feed More of the mash with animal protein and other egg - building elements. By following this policy carefully it is possible to, extend the egg -laying period so that more eggs will be Iaid later in the year, when prices get bat- ter. It may mean a substantial diff ence in the year's Income from TIRES jos � S' TUBES Vie will sell for ten days onay, or while they last, Fabric and Cord Tires, and Tubes, at the following prices. All High Grade Standard Tires, and Guaranteed for 5,000 Miles. - No Seconds, Reg. Our Reg. Our FABRIC TIRES price Price CORD TIRES ' Price' Price 30 x 3/2 $15:25 $ 9.00 31 x 4 S.S.` $35.00 $26.25 31 x 4 ,2 ..:: 25.20 18,90 32 x 31> . 30:85' 22.80 32 x 4 26195 19,95 32 x 4 88.60 28.95 83 x 412 = .. , 39.60 29.70 33 x 4 39,75 29.80 34 x 41 . , 40;80 30.60 32 x _4 ,,. 4.9.85 37:40_ 35 x 414 • . , 48.05 32.29 HEAVY ' GREY TUBES 30 x 81/2 :. , 2,80 1.40 31 x •4 2.00 • 1; .60 31 x 4 $.05 2:15 88 , 4... 2,00 2.25 34 X 4 4.25 Z40 32 x 41/.. : 4,90 2.65 All Tires and :Ttub s shipped 0.0.D,, subject to examination. TORONTO TIRE CORPORATION, LIMITED Wholesale anti Retail 1531/2 king St. West, Toronto. with its dairy herd, which was then undergoing the process of "gccredita- tion." Under this "accredited" sys- tem, a . herd is tested for tuberculosis every six months, the reacting; ani- mals being removed freart the herd, When reactors cease to appear under the test, the herd is accredited by cer- tificate as tuberculosis; free. Under the Bang System such reactors as' are considered sufficiently' valuable are segregated and isolated from all con- tact with other animals, their progeny being added to the main herd, The length of time during whisk,; • the re- actors are retained depends ' on'`their age, period of gestation, producing ability and the progress of 'the dis- ease; but -gradually they 'are' elimin- ated, and in the course of 'time; the Bang herd ceases to exist lesions in some animate points: to re- infection through being stabled with spreader cases. Some cows that were in the Bang heed for two, three, and even four years, when slaughtered, proved to be but slightly infected, indicating that an animal may be some time develop- ing. the disease even when amongst diseased animals and, when eventual- ly infected, may show considerable re- sistance to the ravages of the disease. On the other hand, among cows in the main herd that *reacted and were slaughtered immediately, ,numerous generalized, open cases were found, which goes to show that infection may take place rapidly and run' a rapid course. It may be inferred that the rapidity of infection depends on the virulence of the strain of bacteria in- troduced and on the power of resist- ance in the animal itself. Milk and butterfat records were The object in establishing ;a .lalig kept of the Bang herd during the -en- tire period. Eight of the cows quell - herd at the Central Exieriinental Parra was twofold: fits(, to fied in the Record of Merit test and preserve for breeding purposes 13 in the test for. the Record of ['er- a number of exceptionally yalu- ; formance. Of the latter, eight records able cows, and second, to demonsttate 1 from mature cows averaged 461 the value of the Bang System-. : The ' pounds of butterfat, nearly_ all being segregated animals were isolated in made in less than 365 days. One comfortable,' well ventilated and prop- Ayrshire cow, Marjorie 8th of Ottawa, erly appointed premises on an; adjoin- during. the four years that she was in ing farm some two miles distant from quarantine, gave.32,987 pounds of the. Central Farm. . The. cattle were milk containing 1,21.4.74 pounds of fat. in charge of a skillful herdsman, and This animal when slaughtered proved were treated in a normal Manner in to be badly infected in the lungs and all' respects. The maximum >:number bronchials. These and other credit - of animals in the Bang herd at" any able records would indicate that tub-, .one time was 23 head, :while the total erculosis, up to a certain stage, does number isolated during the whole not necessarily reduce the mills pro- period was 66 head, and 'included Hol- duction of some cows; in fact, the pro - steins, Ayrsbires and. Jerseys.' All of duction of the Bang herd varied -'hut the cows were of high individual Hier- little from that of the main herd. it and record. 'Some of them remained An accurate account was kept by in the Bang herd throughout the the Experimental Farms Branch of whole period, others were retained for the expense incurred in operating the a short time only. • Bang system from December 1, 1916, During the winter the segregated to November 1, 1921. The receipts animals were kept inside, but'in the for milk, calves and manure amounted summer they were allowed on pasture. to $22,108.06. The expenses, which in- The milk was thoroughly pasteur}zed eluded feed, bedding, rent of building and separated, the skim -milk; being and labor, amounted to $15,930.63, used for feeding hogs arid the cream leaving a profit of $6,177.43. being made 'into butter. 'The. cows CONCLUSIONS. were for the most part bred to react- ing sires. When a reacting.,; sire was not available they' were, bred to an- other on neutral ground. The .:calves were -removed soon after .birth and placed in isolated pensuntil tested be- fore being allowed to mix ;with' the mental Farm officials, these . circum - calves from the healthy herd on the stances would be (1) The existence of main farm. Of the sixty-six 'head a herd or herds of purebred cattle of isolated,. ,49 gave birth to . 80 calves. sufficient size and high quality .to Of this number 18 died piee' to make the isolation of reactors:and the ,, 3: six* znonth9�,oi "a e' .. t e: .a , ki ainim o h r o en : rofitable . _ g i.eGl f. t ei r th ,.,•, r. g p p i ie mon a or o er . xe eted •tt o�tiie v ,,. a (2) A sufficient number of reactors. tuberculin teat, ;.*some `of which irefec-:� of high quality within the herd` to tion undoubtedly occurred• in. the main ensure returns on the overhead herd, it not yet having' been cleaned charges that must be met in maintain up; 45 remaining free- from the dis ing a Bang herd, which overhead ease. Of°the latter, 19 have: been sold charges might be so great as to ex - and 26 retained in the breeding herd.' Geed the returns from only a few During the period under review, 51,' reactors. Bang cows were slaughtered. The. In view of the rapid adoption of the majority of these were removed to ' Accredited Herd System, now taking make room `for other and more valu-:' place,' and particularly since the re - able reactors and comparatively 'few, duction of the compensation on react - on account of clinical symptoms of ad-', ,ing animals, . there are undoubtedly vanced tuberculosis. In the latter ' many herds that. might adopt the class there were not more than' six -Bang system and at the same time cases. On the other hand, there were fulfill the Accredited Herd conditions. a number of cows that had outlived In some 'cases, where.the individual their usefulness but were still in- herds are not sufficiently large or the cellent edndition, which, upon slauglit-'reactors within the herd not' so num- er and examination, proved to be high-' erous as to warrant the introduction ly generalized and advanced cases.'' of the Bang system, a group of breed This goes to prove what has been re-� f ers might unite in maintaining a -joint peatedly observed, namely, that a cctiw. herd under the Bang system. may be in an advanced stage of tub -1 A conclusion which should not erculosis and still not show any out-'' escape attention is that if'a Bang ward symptoms of the disease. Fur-' herd is to justify its existence at all, thermore, the experience with this`. it must be established simultaneously herd has shown that a cow may be in' with the entry of a herd into the Ac - an advanced stage of tubercuIosis and credited Herd System, for the reason still produce milk quite heavily and that it is at this time that the great profitably. Another outstanding ob- est number and:often the highest qual- servation as regards the health of the' ity. reactors will be found. As each herd was that quite a large percentage' successive test proceeds, the number of of the cows when slaughtered showed reactors naturally decreases, so that, only old calcified lesions, while a few in the course of a few years at most, showed two distinct sets of lesions, one, the herd should have a clean sheeet. old and calcified and the other recent' and the Bang herd would be gradually and open. This would go to show that; eliminated. It is when the herd has in many cases,. nature, assisted by a this' clean• bill of health that the owner rugged constitution in the animal, had; who has omitted to establish a Bang isolated the infection and thus put the: herd may wish that be had done so' animal in the 'non -spreader class. The; and thus have retained some of his presence of a . secondary set of open'' favorite individuals and strains. In the light of •the experience of the Central Experimental Farm, it is con- cluded that the Bang system is' hot!},,.. feasible and practicable" where cir- cumstances warrant.its operation. According to the views of the Expori- There's ' time in the - package Time to do -the many things ordinarily put off on wash -day, For Rinso does not keep you standing over the wash -tub, rubbing until your back aches and your hands are red and sore. Rinso, an'entirely different:'kind of``soap; soaks clothes clean. Rubbing' and boiling . are unnecessary. The big soapy Rinso, suds gently. loosen. the' most ground -in ;dirt without weakening a single 'thread. `Buy a package ,, today, On sale at all,good grocers and department stores._.. LEVER BROTHERS LIMITED TORONTO Why I Keep My Mower Sharp. ' BY WALTER S. EBLING. As a boy on the farm did you learn. to mow hay with the scythe? You were careful of what became of the blade, for. it was harder to swing when the edge became dulled.' But when one .sits on .the mower with the horses furnishing • the. power, it' is more easy to forget. that worn cutting parts make the .work harder. We have learned that the power of I; three horses may actual! y y be required to pull effectively. 'a two -horse mower when it is very dull .and some of the I parts are badly worn. I The knife is only half the, problem forced by lights and skillful feeding, is likely to Inean lower summer pro' duction: But, in any event, -experience has .. thoroughly convinced me that,; measured by the bank account the farm flock. Heavy winter production,1 $10 to $15 each, with others, consider- ed too young by the buyers, sold as low as $5 each. .The week following, four loads •of Western lambs brought $15.25 per hundred while poor spring lambs -from nearer points brought only $5 each. R,eally good calves, sold, around May 10th, brought as high as $12, While common to medium, coni -j mended prices ranging fron'i $9 down, to,$5.: Hogs were slightly higher that• Week than during the previous week, hilt there was the same discrepancy in prices between the,good and the ordi-1 p nary, selects' sellingg on he average 'for $12.47 and extra heavies for $9,87, j in developing trade, quality is a first, essential, and therefore is a strong selling factor, whether it be live stock) or sonic other product in which we l .do business for .export, Increased do - mastic consumption and satisfied cus- tomers ; Can only be obtained on the basis of a palatable article. ,,14100111,111#1.01,144, ..^MANti.dililtIONOMIlieiN11114.11110111.1. ord User5. TRAN8l v VAPORIAE R8 Save 2504 to 40% of oatellrjo. tillitC'C'y tofhrrtimi. If ?tut (AL1? fur mint' Cb ilaiy irIol,'VW* 0.0 snob, 40eettaoft' DIV 111totoit$ 8 trttntl&a stroot W ,1 Toroltin effort to get eggs when prices make thein most profitable will be followed by results worth while. Lesson of the Live Stock Markets. A survey of the current market re-, ports issued by the Live Stock Branch,. indicates an unusually wide 'difference in the prices for good cattle as com- pared with those for common, Those' offering fairly, well finished stock aro. realizing satisfactory prices and aid- ing in keeping the market in geed tone. At Toronto, during the week end ing May 10th, choice steers, ,animals well bred and properly fed, brought $7.75 per hundred pounds, while coins. �... mon kinds of d sold as low as , ,r,25 e hundred, This means that a good steer,: weighing 1,200 pound, would bring $98, while a poor thin slyer, weighing say goo' pounds, would ,fetch. only $42, a difference of $5:L In di report of the week previous, it is shown that,• good quality gpring lanibe sold; from of keeping the mower sharp. A mow- er cuts like a pair of shears. No mat- ter how sharp the blades of a pair of shears may be, they will not cut prop- erly unless firmly held together. The knife can readily be sharpened, but the ledger plates when worn must be replaced, either by putting new ones into the guards or by replacing the entire 'guard. As the guard is usually bent or worn by the time the ledger plate becomes dulled, it is often better to replace the whole guard rather than merely the plate. If the sections no longer fit down closely upon the ledger plates, there are usually two causes for the play- wear of the clips which hold the knife down, and wear of the steel wearing plates which support the knife in the rear. The clips can be hammered down and the wearing plates may be. taken out and turned over, so that the unworn under side comes into use, or they may be ,replaced bynew ones. With a few dollars' worth of new parts and a few hours of work. I have seen smooth -running, clean -cutting mowers made out of machines that at first appeared to be ready for the junk, pile. The life of the mower is in the cutting parts -the gears and truck do not readily wear out. Seven pointsto be considered in keeping the mower In good .'cutting shape are: 1. Keep the knife sharp and the sections tight. ; 2' iKeep sharp ledger• plates in the guards, These do' not . wear very rapidly. ' 3. Iaeep all the guards level by ending, or shimmingibetween the bar and guards. Test thein by laying' the edge of a carpenter's square on the ledger plates. 4. Replace the wearing plates when they `become worn so as to cause the tips of the sections • to raise from the ledger plates: 5. Replace the knife head guide or shim it for •adjustment when it be- comes worn. 6. Keep the clips hammered down just tight enough to, eliminate play hut' not to bind. 7. The sections should centre at least approximately in the guards at the extreme end of the pitman stroke when the pole is held about 30 inches from the ground: Quebec and British Columbia, "` al- though there are many acres of un- employed land suitable for cranberry culture. A ,point made is that,, as a very large portion of the, crop we im- port from the United States it grown at Cape Cod, the freight haul from there is verylittle less, if any, than it. would be if the Eastern Canadian•pro- ducer desired to ship to,:the western markets. It would appear, therefore, that there is opportunity for the more extensive -development of the industry. The • pamphlet contains'information as:. to the nature of the 'siterequired, the system of. cultivat o Towed ;: ;b ,fc l , 1. t►� e- �,. 1 the; enemies to be semis, lited, and the cost of preparation. An, instance is given of a sixteen acre, bog in Nova Scotia that was purchased, cleared, ( turfed, ditched, sanded, dyked, ; and planted for $4,500. Although the cost is 'comparatively large, the profits from" bogs are quite in proportion to. the cost, when they are properly handled. Forty to fifty barrels an acre are often obtained, and thirty barrels are the average. • Translated literally the word "hall - but" means "holy flounder." Knowledge hurts nobody; ignorance. and stupidity can well be left behind. -Sir W. Arbuthnot Lane, the famous surgeon. TENTS, AWNINGS, FLAGS and SAILS ALSO B 0 A T HARDWARE, GUNS, AMMUNITION, FISHING TACKLE, GOLF GOODS AND .GENERAL CAMPING OUTFITS, Tents to Rent fcr all purposes:. The Pike nnited 1 Co.,, MANUFACTURERS 123 KING ST. EAST, TORONTO SPORTING GOODS HOUSE ‘‘Eastlake" Galvanised Copper-bearInp "Metallic" .Shingles Fire, Lightning, Rust and Storm Proof r Metoillo RoOff shed olsan Rain. Water Send Postal Card for Folder ''E" The Metallic Roofing Co. 'Limited 404 3194 King•St. Wa,. TOronto Cranberry Culture, Cranberries, 'in the opinien of Mr,, M. ,B. Davis, Chief` Assistant to the +i Dominion Horticulturist) and author of the bulletin "Cranberry Industry and Its ?oesibiljties iii Canada," could be profitably grown a good gdeal ,•,lore' extensively in this country than they are. At present eranberrics az'e culti vat: ti in Canada only on a few bogs, in :..i N'a'va':Scotia,' ,t'rinee Ildwnrd Island, A TREATISE THE IORSE Wt ,Ica -lee°E'NO, 23.-'