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Zurich Herald, 1922-05-04, Page 7Where Community Life Flourishes There is one republic unknown to • the outei world, whieh t ignores, for -it is ' saale to assert that fewer than three thousand people in all the pop- ulation of Europe are familiar with it, though this republic can count 500 years 'and more of history. In this meat- tencient. republic, the territory of which lies four theasand feet above the valley leading to it, no fernily has ani inch more land then its -neighbor and property remains to -day on its original basis. In it individuals are nothing and the folk as a nmee are everything. All are equal, and though money is need for purposes in the -outer world, barter and exchanee form , the basis of any commercial transec- etions: There ,beieg no inferiority of wealth there is. el° pride ofeeurse, and the conditions a all being known there is no preteesion, no ostentation. The • Government es • traditional, and the qualifications of the head functionary •-ake nothing more than yeare, memory and uprightness. There is no council • end no court roam. Seated before his door the head of the republic 'gives his decisions, founded on use and wont and tradition. • Andorre, a small country high up among the Pyrenees, With, its thread •be dependence •on Or connection with Spain, is well creough Itnown, bet the other and older, Genet, sheltezed by France eernains sto-da.y as centuries • ago --familiar onle to those in its im- mediate •neighbarhood.• ,, Goust lies among the higher re- ; ceases of the French 1?errenees be- yond the south end of the °semi Wil- ley, Than the eizzytrack to the re- publie begins end winde along the face of the precipieee, tervegh forests,. rocky gergee and cloude up to the mouttain top. There lieTeGoust—an oasis et green trees and bushes, gar- dens,*Aelds anti houses, among the eleack rocks. Amid a clamp of trees stand its ten houses, inhabited' by its population of fifty to eixtar* men, wo- men and chileleen, for seldom has the Goust Republic- exceeded that rannber, and the sum of the houseshas been the slime throegh all tiadittoe. When the population inere,asee and threatens to stint supplies, which are held in common, luxuries ane neees- series alike, youngster are equipped and sent to pueh their fortune in the valley below. There, too, the young men find their wives for Goust is strictly Catholic and observes the pro- hibited deerees of consanguinity. It has no priest or chapel, but the folk, except when winter snows shut them of, descend, regulaaey to Laruns. Here they are baptized, married and buried. To this day their agriculture and Me plemente, man,ners and muelt of their knowledge are of Fraece of the six- teenth ;century. - • Goust, . escaping • interference through its -poverty and eemotenege grew, up eel -Aeries ago into a eelf- • ruling,self-eupperting community. Ties tiny republic within a' republic has kept a traditional independence peacefully in the inidtt of political Changes which have eonvelsed Europe. Sf0 ET OF If it were asked whet discovery with VE SECR in the limits of the reasetiably coneeiea- • ble would at the present time, be most MYSTERIOUS FLUID Visa u, to mankind the reply might • well be, a means for converting heat &redly into electaleity. This 'phase of the problem has long been one .of deepest interest to experimenters, ow- ing to the great waste in producing cm -rent. That this is not an imposibility in physics is proved by the fact that when two...different metals are solder- ed together; liet being eppliedto the paint of joining, 'electricity is pro- duced. That is to Say, heat is convert- ed climectly into electricity without in- tervention ' of a steam engine. If a member pairs ef metalis be taken they wiil serve to compose a sort of battery, eurnieleing eneugh eel -rent for 'a srnell installattion. 'Here poseibly ie• the germ of a prac- tical sob:teen of a, tremendous prob- lem.: How can the same thing lie dene on a' large stale at a reasonably loav cost. A saei.efactotry ansieeie to that quote= means a simple apparatus that may be installed in any •dwelling, and which will furnish illumination, heat the hoese and do the cooking. It seems not uareeasoriable to be- lieve that the time is eeniing when an apparatus of the kthid i1rbe as much a matter of 'course hi dwelling houses es• a coal furnace es to -day. The de- • ineetic electric furnace will be Metal- . led in kitehen or cellar, and, through wires passing to every room, it will sepplp light and heat and run fans in response to the pushing of the proper buttone The ,mst of the outfit and the expense of operating it (the •earaM1113- tion of fuel being small) will be so lit - tib that the humblest home and poor- est family can afford to have its inde- pendent olectsid plant. Let this problem of converting heat :ELECTRICITY'S IDENTITY NEAR SCIENTISTS' GRASP. Means for Converting Heat Directly Into Electricity Most Pressing Problem. In rUcent eatpeximente ,at th,e 'Uni- • versity of Chicago a temperature of . more than 50a000 degreesa--20,000 de-. , Trees higher than that,of the -hottest stars ---Was obtained ,by 'cliseltarging -a Jorge" queenly of electricity Atm a. 'condenser thee:ugh a yery fine -Wife. means of this enormous heat the • metal tungsten was 'actually changed • to helium—an unpreced.ented, ancl mese •estaniehing feat, seeming to -prove • that atoms of matter are not incle- strectible, - - . Asat preseet coeeeived, an atom of., matter is a tiny package containing a number of 'electrons. This number varies witUi different kinds of matter, • but the substance eomposin,g the elec.- trans is always the same. It is the •eubaltance out ef which ali things are made, and it fills all space, being no- thing :mom or less. than what we have been accustomed' to call the 'inter- stellar ether." The sun, a . 'gigantic source of etnergy, transmits this energy to us through the medium of "waves" in the teller.' When theiewayee strike the eye . they irritate the, retina and produce the effect evhich we call light. In other-manifestatione they 'produce ef- directly into electricity once be eolv- • feet§ weirch we teem electrical. But • the enerey is, all the same- energy._ It •appeafs also .fn'the4orre of .heat,' to warm the,eeie if air aii`wittelt we daeell. Ethel. is All-Peivading. We haue thus aerie to tinders:tend (first) that ether ei the fundamental •eubitance ,out of Whielf all things in nature; from reekte human beings, are bnadIe and (sewed) that all of • the seacalled "void" ef 'space is, filled With. th1 etruettereless material; • whoee vilerations carrie:eie us ,the •energy :o he sum Purtheeinore, we 140 mole .able to, ,repognize -this energy its eitere. tp. goveres weather oii the earth. It eantrols our pfif net as an elettrie and therefoie governs Whet We call • magnetic phenomena... It procluceit oti ecceSions 'the aurera borealis, which disturbe the working of telegraphic instruments. All of this, and in- enitely more -it -aecomplialies thraugh the mechean i'afathe , interstellar .ether. • New that We have, coney to know •these thiugs, weetre for the ,fiesteinie ' a poisitien to enter e new aed won- derful domain of itieee.overy and inven- • Radio, winh. uttliines theric eibiatione for sending .tneseageseever ecia and in manufacturing plants 'great engines and huge bailees will be re- placed by electric furnaces that take up only srnall spaee, with a neater for earth machine. Production of manu- factured efroducts will he vastlar cheapened, 'and their cost to consum- ers earrespondbitgly less. A single. outfit ef the kind will provide for all the need e of the biggest hatel„includ- ing lighting, heating, eo.oleing, (re- frigeration ancl the <venation of the laundry. And if this be 'practicable, why might it not be equally GO for a trans-Atlantic eteamship, which is -a fleeting ,hotel, and which Might be equipped fee likeepurposeseevith an, electric fueneee in the holdeT•perhaps, even furnishing its motive Pewee? Courtesy. The finest, .cettrtesy is that thich , m coes fromhe t'sparitaneaus'-inenda 'festation of good'will. Yet often pee,. ple,who fesi gOod, will toware, others ere. net potable .for 'cauttesy, When there is any failure in courtesy it eani ahnotet inveriaber be aim -eyed to fear. Perhaps the -person i atfraid of as- suming toe, mush imp oetance .ancl long distances, and, eyen, for „the trans- appearing egotistioal arid therefore o slYU1Td by *l'e :"Wire4ess" lurks in the ebatkgroped when, he nrolee, is eet: ,begiening. We may lt - ' eeelcl 'come forweed... 'Perhape he ; et find a means orf employing thein feerertleat some ,one will think ebat he is trying to curry favoie and there- fore he is se distantly' politeefe alMast , to be rude. Perhaps his greae wiflts 'so iningleale with admiration as be • make hire awkward and embarrassed'; the ',fear of being regarded as cora- rnoeplaoe end unimportant; as lie cana not help knowing' himself to be pre - vette hire from'ehowing proper 'cove esy. Or, .en the other bated, the leer that„ ,cetertesy will be interpeeted as Wealone,se c,ausee thine to ee aa,eertive, oeerlaeanng 01' trucelerit. , • • ie the ginat .eneeny to happi- ness and aeeorripliehinent. One of the meet effective ways in which fear Weeks is through etrabing or suppress- ing the dorattee4s reannere end actions that, if. it wove not establiehed In 'We el; ,now for the erg time, get- position of authoority, would display bieg eteion of what electricity, the .themselves as the natural expression itp-ealled "meet:crime fluel.," really of the heerte—Yeethe Cerneatioll. y.wuch an artifieiai daylight can be produced for the . illiumiigtion o: *Yeses. . This is the field it, which •eeveral inaresegaters have alreade Worked. • If thet problem eooa'ld be solved, we 'might be able to flood at diwelling evith light by the mere 'turning of e eeh or pushing of A betten-ea ind of light, theft is to say, evhieh • ld not be distributed from chain •eters or other fixtures, bet whieli •would, like . daylight, fill th,e house eriehg getheral end diffused illumine - fame It might serve ift the same way to illtmainete large beehive or con. rivably for ehe lighting et a 'city at eight; • On. the Way to, Soletiore IffeLf _ leeeoe • ee eel.; :'where Do We 6r) From Hore,Boys? Believers. • Belief in us is the first ineentive and the -last. teee`ylother stimulus Sooner or later may grew weak and fell. Noe se with confidence He who helps -e friend helps him- most of all by trust in him. He Wee betrays a friendship does so most sadly -when he breaks faith by his coeduct with that trust reposed. It is a netural tendency in each of us to idealize—if not to idel•ize. We cannot help it; we were born so. Man- kind worships a hero, as all the world is said to love a jovee. When that hero turns out withewings of wax, or Spine of straw, .or feet of clay—great is the -fall, as of a demigod to some- thing less than a rnan. • Spire, It is what one man asks of another; it is what Heaven, unseen, ieecrutable, eternal, asks ef earth l e materia, literal. and 'obvious. , •e All things are possible not merely WILL "14E LNG LOST to the believers, but to those -who are . believed. It is for them to prove that they are worthy of belief. e Ivory Carvers of Bering Sea Winter 'Mee littera frozen North lame). iteeed by thoee enteetaller .with et to be as dull es, a. grounded' lee floe. it Is pretty geaerally believed teat, the long nieltts are event ermine a smoky lainp with the eteeeres' of core venetian, frozeu solid, Ince the tundra. But this is e. miseakee =that and fur from true. Tee aative villagers et the North hey° a peculiar platlosophy, and voluines, have been, written about tbeir mailmen and customs. I, however, state endeavor to tell of a particular eleee of worker's who ply 'their trade almoet entirely in winter, Tense see the ivory cervere, of whom m taest every village can bout one oa- more. • Tee natives have found that while the, 11(0,17 no Imager a, necessity to them, it eau be made into trinkets, and ornamerite of va,rioua keels that made ly to eummer visitors at good Prreee. At lebeg Iseanda a' stare die tanoe from Noine, almo.st the entire male population engeges in the trade, and at aleaost every villege up and claw; the coast the week is eareled on• • to a greater or lees extent. The ivory used in ties werk COMOG aallarOISIt exclusively from the walrus. These amiraele are still Lately apemen ili inany parts' of the North, thanks. to the protection the IY.S. government has glean them Natives( ere permit.. tee to them for their Orlinl uee, but' the alr,ins esamot be ehippee from Alaskan waters. In etelitiou to thee Vote of the elain aniroals, some use lel Made of ,these -Match have beau buried in the floe tor agee and laave begrime elemefosellized. These ere black or brown: with time, and the most highly Prized of ell trete% Also, -in some pleeee tee tusks. of the prehistartc niammoth, that long-baired aaretie ele. phatt, are used. Tbese Lesko are usually called "reasterlon tvory" in the North, The ivory carver lase four stoce ortieles of trade tar which he always agdo a ready salThesee. ese are beads eriebage boards, napicia rings, and crochet needles Beattie% these, a, loug list of sundry objects), outline the fancy of the beliviclea,1 woeleraan, ooulid be made, Of Late years. I have 60371 coeseclee aele modern equipment assembled by the Ivory -carvers. Chisels., bracket ,saa, haelesa-ws, breast drille, jewelere fires, its., are quite common, ead *nee le a while a Teal foot -power lathe is seen, But Wffile the week turned out is eagerly bought by amateur* it 'really done not possese the attractive nese of the ptecee, made arida the etude implements of the past.—G.ballse Henna that is e.riit. TRIBES RETURN? hack to Israel. To what exteet thee will bring *beat the fulfillment of other prophecies by returning, std re, mains, to be seen. * • So much for the prophecies that have already been fulfilled. Now what of those which it seems certain are Big Trade With Thihet. TO THEIR ANCIENT HOME •" About nine years ago the British sent an 'expedition through one of the p.assee of the Himalayas into Thibet, under the leadership of Colonel 'Sir- Franeis Yoenghusbane. It was pertly scientific (foe exploration), pertly diplomatic but chiefly militaey, being But weo has not seen fairly ordi- There was considerable fighting, but "Chosen People? of Old. Isaiah, Hosea, Joel, and several ethel backed by an ea -my of 5,000 troops. transformed into an image much morel ' , , lase the 'capital, was leached and Out of the "C4rapes of 'Wrath," trod, a a -leerily :treaty mafde with the Grand den the *hie vat of the World War e•sufbeiheectprophets, have said on the same nary stuff, in an average mortal el closely resembling the dee b tl me, y Lem.. . have flowed strange vintagee raost of' {about to eome to pass? With Israel AT JERUSALEM: once more open to them, and with a World War Has Opened Up Joyous Prospects to the highway stretching fair before them, will the Lost Tribes return to that New Jerusalem? Of many prophecies in point, one from Jefretata'h (exile 3) will suffice, In its explicitness 01 expression it is but typical ef what Will great influence a a greet 'pereona -ther the remnant of ity? It may not be a personality that ' treatyis aceomplished the main them bitter if .not poisonous, writes "And / object of the expeclition hi h the world has downed with fame. It open up Thibet to trade with India. L wis. R Freeman. One of the few my fleck out of all countries whithea , ay. lc was to may be some One living a simple, Already the trade, through stations quiet life in humble station, Yet established for the purpose, has be - there is no life so lowly that it can- come eery considerable, the most im- not lift another higher; there is neee portant exports being yak, tails, geld, so powerless that it cannot raisee-ea borax, mush, fee skins, .goate hair and drag down--another-life veith which wool. 'The Thibetans produce great it comes in contact. - quantities If very superior wool 'and, suffered the dying: tivity, or who fie& to avoid being ear - When you and I peeform ignombe in their homes, they weave- magnifica , grip oe the tentacles of ee:ried. into eaptivity; and the descend- , iouslY, the shame and the sting of our ant rugs. The women tan 'and sew I Ottoman octopus. The difficulty ol latee end more voluatary malfeasance are, that we have die- their own 'sheepskin gams Neaele extending succor to the young Armen-l'allts' appointed . some one who believed in °ill el the teede is by barter, the Thibe- tan republic may mean that it will yet : flligeatioes. The former Movement in the main toward the east, ane Ili, and believed better than this evil ten% in exchange for their wool and have to lace for many years the threat • was for, the eocurred previous to 586 B,C., the date that we did. We thought we wel,:i by other arreagleediee, eatlaing. paience ef Tua•k and Bolsheveg but erf the final destruction of the king - ourselves; we thought we wereereeeepathe, ,earneres, tea, tobaeco, nera Sews of Palestine—with' a serene hut Nelauchadnezale the - leased to do as we - pleaque we roes acap butterie needles . ' ta 1 I liberal British protectorate* establish- 6°' b`f "'lath' by a , I , , . , , spec 'ease ga have driven them, and will beteg that sparkles with the bright, effer- 1 them again to their folds; and they vescende ef peomise is feat which eke. shall be fruitful land inereasee typifies the eelease froni their The Jews are found all over the buries of Turkish bondage of the Jews; lie. world at the present day. Speaking Armenians, and Arabs, to seer very broadly, these may be ,divided thing of various and sundry odds and Unto two classes; the d.eseendants of ends of lesser peo.ple who had long 1 e et -tee the tribes which were carriereinto cap- : * i t - thought censciente cauld keep holidaye umbreeles, kerosene, peacock feathers, and selfish self was free. But the' watehes, peaces, diamond's end mitten obligation by which we are borne!, to for butter -lamp wicks. Which shows those who believe in us has no sense that the 'ershvbile "heernit" land) of of location, ane, it knows nothing of the lamas is waking up, -- e boundary. Wherever we go, it fol- Their literature, unfortunately, is trews like "the hound of Heaven." stile backward, all Thibeban books be - Wherever we are, love watches. When ing -written by hand Or printed from we are unaware, 'a- mind is sensitive, engraved blocks on paper made from once of scant honor in their own coun- a thought out -travels light, we are coarse gra.se. try, pointing out how prophecies al- sornehow cared for though we have ceaerd to care. There are daily mile moles of tolerance; commiseration, per ception and wise and timely counsel to restore us to the track er kee,p us going bemuse some one believes, some one, though afar, is sufficiently con- cerned, and even across a distance . wilt nC not let us go, eLearning. Cs --"An' Road to .howo as your boy latter movement has been avestresece ed, and ultimate autonomy in sight— most of it in the Christian Era. The emigration ef European Jews to there is Lardy a cloud an the horizon. ' And for those who were mice called "Gad's:Chosen" the vintage of the war has brought more than freedom—it has brought fulfillment. To the ends of the world Jews are thumbing the pages of Isaiah Jeremiah, and. others Just So.. ready come true have opened the way for the fulfillment of others of even Custonier—"Waitera little bled told me this coffee was not strained." greater import, leading up to a virtual , renaissance of the race and! the estab- Waiter—"A little bird, sec?" lishment of their long -dreamed -of nt'Yes; a swallow." New Jerusalem. I shall discuss, here only that covered, by two verses from Ieaiah. Because the war has made the "highways?' referred. to an aceomplish- desert country another land of Canaan Mickey gin ' along in school...?" ed fed, that prophecy has now been —a land literally- flowing with milk Plaimery--"Foine, faine. Sure, the fulfilled. Visioning the return of the and honey. Leacher licks him every day fr meet Tribes?' of Israel, Isaiah wrote fightine" ' (xi:16): Friendship never lives merely by 'material exchanges. The tangible things may be—and often they are— the missives of an abiding anda true affectien. But the most and the best one mortal can give to another pil- grim on—the huMan way is belief, whose other name is love. There is nothing like that to move and to in- eanerica issehe final wave of thie woe"- erly drift. * * * To one who knows the Palestine of to -day, the first question that pre- sent itself in connection with- the re- turn of any considerable number of the Jewish race is: "Can that dry and barren country support a population greatly in excess pf the 'comparatively sparse one which lives there now?" The answer would be a niot emphatic - were it not for the fact that the way appears to be open fee reelama. tion which bids fair to make of this "Ancl there shall be an highway for the remnant of his people, which Authexess—"My new novel has ite shall be left, from A,seyria; like as it scenes laid in the wheat fields." was to Israel in the day that he came a A New Serial,. Editer—"The.ai I suppase you are go - up out of the land of Egypt." And -again Oche 23) : "In that day shall there be a high- way ,out of Egypt to Assyria, anti the Assyrian shall conie into Egypt, and Egyetiana shall serve with the As- eyrianse Pie Egyptian into Assyria, and the just what a highway connoted to Isaiah, it would be interesting to know. Doubtless, however, clear -see- ing as was the great propbet of the redemption, it la not peobable that he visualized much more than a long series a wells and tanks, elutes, .ane his teeth, a liqueur at his elbow. His caeavansariee, marking the windings freed, leleses, sat opposite, likewise of a dtisty camel and ass-beatenpath 'fortified, across the desert. , Certainly-, not in. The Met was bewailing the enor- mous cost of keeping his son at sol. lege. "Such expenses'!" he cried, "And the vorst of allis the larigvadgese "Langvadges?" repeated his friend. "How's that?' "Tell," said his host, "there is one item in the bill vhich runs, Tor Sootch, fifty poendse " 'You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he 'subdue, not, by the power of those which subdue hbs. ing to run it in cereal form." and the worst is yet to come Le-teee-e--•--e-eeeere r Ols Ogill-PVIt 1110 „gee, ii77.7\10111(11 —e-e--eene at ‘lee ott*teei.efetetwal The Bragger.. lens. O'Toole cranked the mangle for the last time, and gathered up a huge pile of weeltimg and tatidled into , the front garden to bang it on the fence. , ' She had just fineihed her "banging" when she caught Sigh,t of a newly erected sign across the road, -*Mob reed, "Washing anal ironing donee . "Just you look at- ,that!" gasped Mee O'Toole. "Sul* she' sbeeten mo, grant; but there's no need to brag about it!" • Costly Languages. In one of the palatial homes of the new -rich somewhere off Park Lane ir London,. a „Jewish gentleman set bee fore a blazing fire, a tiger between the farthest -flung vista et hie vision could he have seen the glistening traele the thundering trains, the crowded station yards that differenti- ate the modem railway and railway travel from that by the Ancient cara- van. Axid yet it is in the railway that the reophecy comes to fulfillment. Prom thousands og.miles beyond the outermost limits of the known world of Isaiales thee it is now possible to reiveh Jerusalem by rail, The high- way from Egypt to Assyria, via Pales - title; is ,ah.accomplished fact; bet that (save, an it fulfills the letter of the prophecy) seems hardly more, than a negligible incidental when one learns that the whole of the European rail- way santem, together with great and itereesing lengths of those of Africa and Asia, have been brought—almost overnight as et were—in rail Nemec - 'Mon with Jerusalem. No Matter whither, en any one of these thee tontinentS, the most 'restless reennatte of any 'of the lost tribes has wandered, there are few who would have te match eor More than a day or two to , reach a hightvey that will lead teen& oar There are seventeen tis- sue salts necessary to the operation and repair of the body. The miller and the refiner l!ind ;thecook are throwing away some of these and we cannot spare one. As a result we are sometimes going' physioally bankrupt in several ways at the same time.