HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1922-04-27, Page 2Address communications to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St, West, Toronto
To Get Big Potato Crops. 1ect. The first year we tried to culti-
Most of the potato •growers of the vote the field we had all the plowing
province, in making pians for the
1;722 crap, are giving special thought
to the necessity, greater now, perhaps,
than ever before, of producing maxi-
azumn acre yields at the lowest possible
rest per bushel. A certain output is
acquired to pay the tcosts of produc-
ing the crop. The profits are in the
surplus bushels, and the farmer who
grows, say, 2,000 bushels of potatoes
on from eight to ten acres of land will
ordinarily make considerably greater
profits than the man who grows the
same crop on from fifteen to twenty
acres.
The 'potato as it is mown to -day is
a highly specialized crap and respande
to proper cars and cultural methods
letter perhaps than most other field
crops. The following suggestions cover,
briefly the chief feetors in the produc-
tion. of a heavy, hagh-quality crop and
are readily applicable to prevailing
Ontario conditions:
Thorough preparation of the 'land
before planting: enables the plant: to
develop a large root system, through
which it can take from the soil suffi-
cient nutrients to produce a desirable:
crop.
Plenty of organic matterin the soil a failure. We took off what folie
insures Bediiff moisture -holding capacity. Use there was and plowed the field hallow,
certified seed, possible. Never use about two inches deep, about the first
any but the best seecl obtainable. of October. Then again we plowed
Pro
fouspacing is important. It has just before the ground froze up. Being
been fond that rows three feet apart finished
a late fall we finished .plowing the
with the hills from 15 to 18 inches second day of fibed.
apart in the rows, gives yields from The following„ spring, after seeding
to do in the spring. This field was
plowed about the last of April and
worked up as best it tcould he. I say
"as best it could be" owing to the
density in places of the quack roots.
We plowed this field about four inches
deep, so as not to bury the roots too
deep. TMs being done, we put in about
the next •six days with the disc ;hair-
row. Having diseed this field four
times lengthwise, crosswiseJaen put
cornerways both ways,
we the spring -tooth harrow to work in
some of the lower placeswhere the
sod was heaviest. Neither the disc or
the spring -tooth would take hold. The
latter would turn the sod over in
chunks when it did take hold.
Having done all we could do, we
planted this field to Dorn, drilling it
in •one way. Everything ran ,along
smoothly until the corn was large
enough to cultivate.: The corn came
on good, a good stand under the con-
ditions. But the quack was also a
good stand. We;kept a team and cul-
tivator in this fieldevery day that it
was possible to do so. Although we
managed to work up a mulch for a
time, owing to frequent rains, our
battle had only begun. The corn was
treeta
THE CHILDREN'S
LOUR
(How Johnnie Woodpecker Lost His
Voice.
The birds were getting ready for a
concert: Princess Loje'ly, Queen: of the
Fairies, had promised a:pretty redcap
to the one that sang the sweetest, and
every bird, large and small, was doing.
his level beat to win that cap. Even
NIr. Blackbird, who already bad a
purple cap that reached down to his
shoulders, was as anxious as any one
else fon the prize, for as : he said to
Mr. Owl, it would show upagainst„ his
black coat better than the purple one.
The !larks were up earlier than usual
that morning, practicing and filling
the dawn with such delightful music
that little Bobby got right up without
waiting to be called a second time.
Across the grove Lady Dove
softly to her mate and preened
pretty throat in the first sunbeams
that raced over the hill. "I hardly
need a new cap, do I?" she asked, and
her admiring mate answered, "You.
eel-tad/11y do not; with that lovely tan
coat of yours, the soft pink and green
cap you are wearing now 1!ooles better
than red would." Yet. Lady Dove went
to the concert and tried her best for
the •cap. "I love to sing," +she.explaim
ed, "and I want to hear the others
sing."
30 per cent. greater than the "3x3"
method commonly practiced.
Frequent .shallow cultivation during
the growing period largely prevents ;June. We had then just begun to wtrn
evaporation of the soil moisture end, In
Juplaces it still grew. We again di
-
helps tide the crop over the summer ; reacted our labors to the plow, plowing
drought. about two inches deep and harrowing
Spraying with fungicide s:ecti- i what we plowed immediately. Thus
nide ' solution at intervals keeps thea the soil dad not harden but left a nice
vines green and healthy right up to : mellow bed. We had by this last plow-
maturity.Adequate fertilization is necessary:
: em
ing and harrovg torn up the sod to
to a produce a profitable crop. The po-a degree which brought us vic-
; tory.The weather at this time be -
tato demands large quantities of svitro-', gin to get hot -and dry. Being about
gen, phosphorous and potassium. On the first week of June after getting
most lands lesh have been cropped, the ground loosened from the roots,
of high -analysis fertilizer per acre
for some years, at least 1,00G pounds' we kept a team and spike -tooth har-
should be used, from one-third to one-
half of which may be broadcasted be-
fore planting, the remainder being
applied along the row at time of
planting.
-. • Better seed and efficient spraying
materiels and fertilizers may call for
en outlay of same •ad'ditional money,
but investigations have shown them
to be worth while.
was done, we kept the spring -toot a
harrow on this ten -acre field about two
days a week until about the first of
•
Long Fight With Quack.
There are not at the present time
• very many farms in the older 'commun-
ities whose once clean and fertile fields
are not infested with the dreaded
quack grass. Anyone who has tried to
work a field infested with quack is
aware of the hardiness to which it
-is adept.
There was a ten -acre field on the
writer's farm which was infested with
quack, nearing a point which made
tilling this particular plat a failure.
The fawn for years had been an the
fiaatds of tenants and hence the neg-
As the sun .peeped into the nest
that brimmed over with babyrobins,
Father Robin greeted him with .a
burst of song that made the rases hold.
their breath to listen. "Ha.wall surely
win the red cap," they said, as they
nodded their pink heads emphatically
in the gentle breeze. The bluebirds
were having a rehearsal of their own
in the tallest oak, twittering and
chirping away, their sparkling eoats
flashing like bits of blue sky fallen to
earth. "There are so many of us, we
should be able to earry off the prize;
we could take turns wearing it."
"Dee -dee," sang Toninty Chickadee,
"my song does not have many words,
but my voice is clear and sweet, anal
I do need something to 'brighten up
this dull brown coat; a red :cap will
be just the thing, so I shall do cry
best." Mr. Oriole said nothing. To be
sure his own Dap was black, but it
roev in this field every day for about
a week. The days were dry and' hot,
and with constant stirring and turn-
ing
urning of the matted roots, we won a
well-earned battle. We planted this
field to beans June 15. On June 17,
two days later, we harrowed this field
again, once lengthwise and once cross-
wise The next morning the beans be-
gan peeping through. We used a two -
row beet cultivator, taking two rows
at a time. As soon as the rows were
visible until the beans were beginning
to set runners, we cultivated shallow
about twice a week. Not only did we
eradicate the quack, of which I dare
venture to say, there is not a spear,
but we were well repaid for the labor.
The beans harvested and threshed
yielded three hundred and forty-two
bushels, or about thirty-four bushels
pea .acre, and were selling at the time.
at $7.25 per cwt.
wehave
seen
It is three years s ince
a sign of quack in this field. Not only
quack, but ,other weeds gave way to
the treatment. -
Old oil drained from the crank -case
of the automobile or tractor is the
e
very best kind of hen -house spray
the eradication of vermin.
Egg production must be bred into
hens before it can be fed out of them.
Hens must be well bred before they
will be most profitable, even though
they are well cared for.
Sheep raisers have discovered that
they receive a higher price, on an
average, for the docked lambs, so it
really pays to give the little fellow a
"tailoring." This extra money is
easily made, and since the operation
offers little danger, every sheep raiser
should perform this operation, and
that of castzation. Both should be
Animal food is regttired for the best done on a mild day between the fourth
growth in chicks, as well as for large
egg yields. Where bugs and worms
are scarce, it is well to feed meat
scrap, fish scrap, or any form of milk
products.
A fowl when cured is more of a
menace than a benefit. When it is re -
tamed to the flock there is a possi-
bility that it may be responsible for
offspring inheriting weak constitu-
tions, which render the offspring more in the tad bone, about three -quay bens
than ordinarily susceptible to disease. of an inch from the body. Apply po -
and sixth week of the lamb's life.
Lay the lamb on its side, drawing
the hind legs up close to the body,
to remove testicles, cutting off the
lower one-third of the scrotum and
pull out the organs with a quick move-
nient, using the thumb and forefinger.
The docking may be done with a
sharp knife, cutting from the under
side of the tail up and between joints
F�{
if you did have any kind of a voice,
which you haven't." "I am not asleep
now," defended Mr. Owl. "I shut my
eyes because the sun hurts them, but
I guess you are right about my voice,"
end so saying, he flew across the loft
to the•haymow and settled himseif for
another nap. . Whet t did he need of a
red cap to travel about in the night
when no one ;could see'it? Hp intended
to waken wp in -plenty ' of time for the
concert, but it was held in the fern
dell on the other side of the grove and
he missed it entirely.
Little Jenny Wren came in late,
slcippiug restlessly about on her seat,
which was the first 'branch of the
chestnut tree that Bushybail lived in.
"I am so uneasy about my babies, may
I try my part first and go:, home
early?" she asked politely, and Prin
cess Lovely agreed to let her sing first.
So, Jenny opened the` concert with a
lullabye song that made each -bird
think of his own babies.
"It was a sweet little song," praised
Princess Lovely, "but. you seemed so
net•vowa•; you cut off your .words and
kept moving about so, that you made
me nervous too." "1 ean't help it, I
matched his shining wings perfectly am always this way when I aan away
and contrasted so well with his bright
orange coat that Mrs. Oriole told him
he had better leave goad enough alone;,
so he spent the morning sipping apple -
blossom honey and singing to himself,
just for the pure joy ofhearing him-
self..
In the barn doorway Mr, Owl shook,
the sleep out of his eyes and blinked.
"Who?" he inquired. "Not you,
answered: a saucy blue jay who was
passing at that moment, "you- couldn't
from my babies," said: Jennie, and
away she flew, more interested in her
little loved ones than she was in se-
•cur in:g the red eap. .
Lady Dove •came• next, for she,. you
know, sings best early in the day.
With a soft cooing voice that made
lien mate love her more than ever, she
ing the song he heard so often from
Tier pretty: throat—a sony of a tiny
home rocked in the tallest poplar tree.
Tommy Ohickadee sang as leng as
stay awake long enough to sing, even he had any breath left, and Mr. Black
How to Have Running Water
Great interest is being shown in
electric 'light and power plants and
water systems, for the' farm home.
It is, no doubt, good business to buy
a complete system and have it instal-
led by an experienced man when one
has the money to do so, and in some
cases it might be • good Rosiness to
borrow the tnoney. But to those who
can not or will not invest the amonnt
moneynecessary to put In a com-
plete
plete system, but can afford some-
thing of the kind, we wish to recom-
mend the kitchen sink with running
water.
Many, farmers have windmills, or
gas engines, and elevated tanks to,
supply water at the barn, but 'have
never thought of piping the water into
the house. It is a -comparatively easy
matter for them to lay a pipe to the
house and, run water into a kitchen
sink. It is surprising how much this
one convenien•ee will lighten the house
work,
In planning to run water into the
house it is well to see that the water
has a good pressure at the faucet, or
much time will -be wasted in waiting
for it to run. The flow of water will
depend on the height, but n.ot • the
size of the elevated tank, and also
upon the size of the pipe from the
tank to the faucet.
If the tank is twenty er twenty-five
feet above the floor of the grouse, and
not fur from it, one-half inch pipe may
give a satisfactory flow, but three-
querter inch pipe is recommended,
e tank is low
some distance from the house. Under
Parents as Educators
Hand Occupation With an Envelope
BY JENNY B. MERRILL, PH.D.
the envelope out, so that it appears tc
It will i•nterest mothers.to know how
much can be done with an envelope
and pair of scissors in the way of pro-
viding diversion:, occupation and even
instruction. for children. These hints
apply to different ages. The first
eight may be used with many ehildr�9
of five or six years of age, the rest
with children from 'six to ten.'
been done there is usually trouble with
freezing only where the pipe enters
theembottom of the tank. A method re-
corfimended for preventing freezing at
that point is to connect a piece of two
and one-half inch pipe, about twelve
inches long, to the.bottom of the tank,
and extending up into the tank, and
then connect „the .supply pipe, which
extends into the ground, to the upper
end of the big pipe. This gives an adding to the effect by flashing the
air space between the two pipes for sunbeams with, their glistening wings,
tank forgetting that this was a contest of
u : into the g
ten or
twelve inches p
• f feathers,
How
and makes the outlet' less.likely to voices and one o
freeze up. Mi. Robin sang! Never bad Mother
A concrete tank built to hold water.
from the ground up makes a very good
reservoir if properly constructed. The
supply pipe may enter from the bot-
tom to eliminate danger of freezing.
Such tanks should have a good foun-
dation; that is, it should start from
eighteen to twenty-four inches below
the ground level, and should be well
reinforced. The water,from some wells
seems to destroy poor concrete. It is
therefore well to use nothing but gourd notes filled the air and were carried
concrete for this kind of work, such as
one part cement, to two parts of sand, on the west breeze over to'the barn
and four parts of gravel or crushed 'where Mr. Owl snoozed away, and
atone. .r penetrated his dreams.
running water from the well to "You did splendidly," said Princess
In g , Lovely,"you did the best of them all.
the tank, it is just as well to pump the y
water in and let it out through the But what was wrong with' you to -
one pipe in the bottom of the tank, day?" she asked, turning to Mr.
and this usually saves some pipe. A Blackbird. "It must have been those
checktvalve should be used at the well
to . prevent the water from leaking
back. All pipes running horizontally
should be paid .deep enough under -
1. Cut out the stamp neatly, from
the corner of an envelope, also cut out
the post -mark. Explain why there is
a post -mark. There may more than
one.
2. Keep stamps after cutting out,
using them to make,+pretty borders
and other designs. Mingle stamps of
different colors.
3. Draw on the inside of the en-
velope the train that carries letters
to us, or the rural delivery wagon, or
the automobile.
4. Cut off one or more clean corners
of the envelope in the shape of a
triangle. Each triangle may be used
as a book -mark by slipping it on the
corner of a leaf. Decorate these tri-
angles with simple designs. Older chil-
dren may paint a flower and younger
children may -mount a pretty little pic-
ture on each triangle.
5. Cut an envelope into pieces using
the creases as guides. Gut several
and form designs with the pieces.:
Each piece may be colored with tray-
' ons, paint, or. colored pencils.
6. Fold the envelope so as to form
a basket or any other object you
choose.
7. Draw a door and windows on a
rang envelope. Press the corners of
be a hoose. The. doers and- windows••
may also be cut so as to open and
shot, Color the house, •
8. Play postman. Make a mail bag.
to swing over the shoulder. Make a
letter box in which to mail lettere. A
child may deliver letters to, the dif-
ferent members of the family. 'He
should be made to appreciate this duty
es letters are often very important-
There is an ethical lesson here on ren
sponsibility. .
9. Learn to open a closed envelope
neatly -with a paper cutter without
injuring the contents, This can some-
times be done by rolling a pencil care -
„fully under the flap.
10. Open out the whole envelope
and notice its shape, then try to make
one of the same size; first measure
the paper to be used, place the en-
velope on the paper, trace it and then
fold carefully.
11. Praptice, if old enough, address-
ing an envelope to a father, a mother,
to an aunt, a cousin, or a friend. Also
mount a stamp in the upper -right-hand
corner leaving a white margin around
the stamp. Expla_n the importance
of using the correct corner.
12. Write the name of the man
whose face is engraved on the stamp.
13. Write the names of the colors
of these stamps under the name.
Even quite young children are at-
tracted by the coming of the postman,
and love to play postman. A little girl
of three once said, "This Is my letter."
Then, pretending to read the address,
she said, "It says 'Miss Mea"
bird strutted out in the open place ter and they puckered up my throat
that served as a stage and did his so that I can hardly talk, let' alone
best; but, somehow, his voice sounded sing; Johnnie Woodpecker told me he
choked` and strange even to himself. ate them to improve his voice, and I
The lark sang of early morning sun- ate some of them too, but they spoiled
rise, when the sleep elves are chased my voice,"he ended in a sob, tucking
by the sunbeams until they hide under his head under his (black wing, as if
the pebbles at the edge of the bubbling ashamed of himself for being such a
brook; the bluebirds sang in chorus, fa uee.
Princess Lovely looked at Johnnie
severely. "Why did you tell him that?"
she asked in so stern a voice
that
every bird trembled and the pink
roses nodded harder than ever. "He
has a pretty hood already," Johnnie
Rabin heard him do so well, even when
he sang to_ her while she warmed the defended himself, "and I have none
three little blue eggs. "He will sore& but this dull brown, and I knew that
win the red cap," nodded the pink with him out of the contest I had no
roses. "Won't it look lovely with his one else to fear," and Johnnie hung
red breast?" • his head..
Johnnie Woodpecker came last and For a long time no one moved;°the
every one settled himself to hear some cap in Princess Lovely's hand gleamed
real singing, for Johnnies voice was in the sunlight, the bright red feathers
considered to be one of the best in the folding over each other like petals of
fern dell- And they were not disap- a chrysanthemum.
pointed this morning, for his sweet "I will keep my word•, tee red cap
goes to the one who sang best," said
Princess Lovely, as she slipped it over
Johnnie's head, "but, es a punishment
for deceiving your, best friend, I Shall
take away your' voice forever; never
again will you sing as you have song
today.",
And now, as Johnnie flaps his lazl+,
way across the sunpaekes to the tree
where his dinner waits, all he can say
is a raspy "Ola'ckity Clack!"
cherries," replied Mr. Bla:ekbird with
a crestfallen look. "They were so bit-
Verminproof nests can be made of tiered alum to Ghee c e ing• y • ground to prevent freezing; and where
shredded cedar bark. The bark as na- pincers are best, designed especially especiall if th t 1. or located � ��
gstringy,easily someto use • house a valve should hydrant, or
• V "through which t in freezing weatherbe
ktirally tough and twist- for this work. These are heated to a the pipe is brought up to a h Id be
AL
ed, and: has a pungent odor. Tt is dull red, and the tail seared off, a_ conditions it will pay into the , l be put
claimed that the odor of cedar is just board with a hale in it, which one -inch pipe. in, wvhtcl gy
as destructive to lice and mites as the tail is passed, being lased, Sometimes the elevated tank is tit used to cult the water off from the'.
p
it is to moths, and every housewife serves to keep the pincers from burn in tate attic of at one -storey house. This tank, and which permits the water to r
knows that a cedar chest keeps' moths ing the body,
ed 1 b uses its food to does not give as much pressure as is leak out of the exposed pipe th rough
re attt.aetivehaving gink
sometimes results by lasing count of sente a far more
bysettin down..--__42,–.....—_,there is very little danger of its freez- water or wash -water is disposed of,
eaitq can be avoided g
each=day the number of nests gathered Every dead ear of corn means 900 ing. Only a small tank of two to however, it is better to run it into an
figures
that day,and f the
adding these in an attic, an account of the weight, a wet epot in the yard. The t wast -
ikgures at the end o montld be'placed over a partition pipe should be one and one -ha waste-
missing stapes. Test seed. four barrels capacity should be put underground drain so it will
e
the total numbereggs,gathered
whisper at m our lute -rat
foils wont so t will if inches
for the month. Then: subtract the num-
of
y 11 be well supported. The lank in diameter and should Have a trap•in
ler of dozens sold fralit the number
of dozens gathered, and this will give
an accurate record of number used.
White diarrhea has cost us the loss
of a great many chicks, One day. my
wife palled my attention to the afflict-
ed chicks, and I remarked jokingly::
"011, well, rub a little vaseline on
harm if not any
frit
will do no ,
eir
tails, a
me-.
,►lss
all the
Clil y
nextday a
The
�d.
00
were scratching and feeding ae through,,
nothing ever was the matter. Their
little tails were clean and fiufty. Since
Then we apply the vaeeline as soon as
syiir;;rtonis• of the disease appear, and
in most cases out application is ;saif'-
iflCioiit,
Th t t am
from whatever is put into it• a cos •ra
• •• lite flesh while the lacked lamb pre- desirable, but. is fat better than not the valve: kitchen s
In keeping egg records, . confusion m , article for runniit+ water. It has an ad- The waste water from
the number of eggs eaten. This: diffl- market,
vantage over -the outdoor tank, in that may be handled in any way that dish -
The man who is in right relations
with his neighbor is a booster for the
borne community.
Vested shall be the fruit of thy
n
tale and
of
Ca
cr ase
ground, the in thy ,
th4 young of thy flock.—tett. 2f1, 4.
Problems will be solved only after
rte have discovered the real facts
about thein, so'out big problem iso the
finding d dependable data on other
problems.
is sometimes putt in the basil loft and it just below the sink. The trap eon-
covered with hay to prevent freezing.
When the tank is located in the house
olc barn, it should have an overflow
pipe large eiie1gh to keep the tank
from running over.
The ort - common supply tank is the
in pp y
galvanized iron tank or wooden tawor..
This Arrangement gives trouble ,on
secoitatt of freezing, This trouble may
be o'wercame largely by pouting a
wooden bon around the enilrply pipe
and stuffing It with straw, till griper,
or so'itl+e stadh Material, After this hat
gists of an S-shaped bend in the pipe
which holds a little water and prevents
obnoxious odors coming from the
waste pipe. The waste water shonild
bee,carried twenty or thirty feet from
the house in a tight -jointed pipe, It
may then +ae emptied into opeii-jointed
drain»tire and used for subirrigating a
gaMen, Where only the water from
a kitchen sink is emptied into the
underground a,ile, 100 or 200 feted
four -inch title will be enough:; the la m
er arriOntnt will be needed in tight soil.
Lt
GREASE
The ground mica in Imperial Mica Axle Oreaae •
smooths tho spindle by falling the minute crevices
in tho steel. Over this the grease works easily,
eliminatingfriction, heat and wear. gases the
strain on orses and harness. It gneiss twice as
far and.lasts tWlce as long as :other greases.
IMPERIAL
1Filis the pores and protects the Libra a leather
from the action of chest, tweet, moisture and heat.
Keeps harness strong,. flexible mid ttew-looking.
Doubles its life and gives it a icl, 'blackk finish
that lasts. On sale everywlutro in sixes from a
pint to A barrel.
IIVIPERIAL OIL ilharrnto
` Canadian Company ..aanaata,n %:+pita!
Canadian Worlstnen