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Zurich Herald, 1922-01-26, Page 3FRAMES IMPORTARY ai!eltaa LITTLE KNOWN. To the aveea.ge motor car owner the "kick -up" in the rem This la an up :frame of the vehiele he drives is abs ward bend in the side rail ,of the soletely =known He believes that eframg, which beingsthe centre- of this intortant Peat et leis ear is !ef gravity low without:redwing the die - metal, and even her he WOuld mis- hence betweea the fraineand the axles taken in one notable" case, and. iets it to a point where trouble Might result, go at that. Nave it haaaertiathat taare ,and else the neea for a kick -up wil1 have been some very interesting de-• be governed Samewhat by the type veloprneate in fie design and can-, pi spring employed. • , sensation during the last. few , years . The erase merabers aim variously of evilich any man whet has invested a' premed steel, channel section or tube - considerable surn of eneheY in a ear lar, the latter being in the, ininority. Might to uncleestand.- • • a Theee members are riveted in place. In some cases manutactiarers, obli- There is in not very eaten•sive use at vious of the future, have taken ad- the present time a design which sup - vantage oct-this carelessness on the plies a mounting .place foe the engine • part of the buyers by employing' in iio the „shape of a sub -frame, built oa their oars poorly designed frameor ellen/lel .,eections. The engine mounted more frequently a eheap and unsub- in this way may be loeated a,bout as ,sterntial sort of inetel, which' has been desiyed ag regards the other mechan- ineapable of standing up under the iea1 units. punishment-thaf this part, of the •cha.ssie inevitably receives. A poorly eonstructed frame soon develops weak- nesses et the joints and begins to sag. The result is that a series of horren- doue squeaks. develop, the doers gal) tain other math of the meahanism,. as, open or bind and the. superstructure for instance, the transmission, when of the car .rapidly rattles to pieces. that is located s.eparate frern the 'Until very reeently paaatically allareeteet , meter car makers, no matter how °Die tepered .eactians at the ends of the frame are known as the hams, and here the springs are -attached. ex- cept in the ease et cantilevers, where one spring support is placed on the axle houeing. The forward ends of ' 'Weights to be Supported. While ,the ordinary frame ands the engine tae heaviest s weight wailah it is ealled upon to support, i. heist also cantata provision lac supporting cer- much of- the rest of the ve.luele they • might prodnce in their awn shops, bought frames from theeparts makers. Now, however, there is a distinct tens •dency to clevate just as math pains to designing this part of the &aegis as the springs are attached to brackets, whicla are riveted: to the rail. Some years- ago it used to be- the custom to truss the frame la it proved should be allowed for what is known to be not strong enough for the work as weaving. At the present time sore it was called upon to do. With the eral prominent manufacturers are us- advent of a pewee frame (testae this ing a rigid frame, which is apparently practice has •ceased or practically so relieved of all the &melts that used to (it is still used a little in truck con- struction). ,Where gaeat rigidity is sought it is' a common practiee to in- stall' gusset plates, which are pieces' el channeaseetions, riveted to the rails Prtcl to the (less meanbettat the leak any .other. It was always thought es- sential that a passenger ear frame should be flexible—that a factor be believed inevitable in this part. Material Emloyed. The material generally employed in making car fraancs is carbon steel, aa- , loy steel being perforce reserved for the higher priced ears. In design an of the frarae. This prevents distortion of them •embody what are known as of the frame at the corners. -dhannel sections f or the rails, these In the 1.CW rigid type of frame the being the side members upon which the body is mounted. Connecting the rails are cross membezs spanning the boarde in tb.E construction aes made frame at right angles to the former. ,. The number et cross members varies iahtegani with the rails, thefenders ccording tthe ideas of taoh, are riveted at place and with the body ao he firmly secured there is little chance for valued. engineer. Sometimes three are considered auffictient, and wain he the .disintegration with consecineet many as six may be used. The side rags necessarily taper somewhat •to- ward their ends, at which plates they are joined to the springs in various veaya. • The ruling -Practice to -day is the • tapered frame in whicla the front is narrower than the rear. This gives • the car a smaller turning radius, de- cidedly an aderantage in this day of close packed traffic. In many, per- haps a motority, of eases the frame side rails are made deeper teal ueed to be the practice, running to as enhch as nine or ten inches. The running design embodies, What is known as rattles that Used to be the eertlibary The flexible frame is made with the intention of 'having it yield a little with the motion of:the ear in passing over ough roads, when tone wheel may he up while the others are down. The depth of the side rails used in flexible constructions are usually not more than five or six althea. In this assign the supports for the runaing board are riveted tar instead of being made integral as in the rigid type. Sending Signals by Smoke., The traveller on the Canadian prairies in the early days soon learned the significance of the spires of smoke which he saita rising fecini a distant ridge or hill, • • It was the signaatalk et the Indians across miles of intervening mania The column of ascending:smoke-rings said to every Indian within thirty miles, "Look oula There is an eruenea near!" Three smokes built close tte- gether meant danger; one smoke meant attention; two smokes meant 'Camp at this place." Sometimes • at night the traveller ease fiery lines crossing •the sky, shooting up and falling. He might geese that these Were signals ot the Indians, but unless he were an old- timer he would not be able to inter- pret them. . The old-timer len.ew that one fire-ar- . row—an arrow prepared by treating the head of the ehaft with gunpowder and fine bark—meaut the same as the column of smoke puffs, "Au enemy ie near," TWO arrows meant danger. Three a:evolve said, "The danger is great." Several arrows said, "The enemy ie too many for us. , "Thus,". writes George Ham in "Re- miniscences of a Raconteur," "the un- tutored savage could telephone fairly •Well at night as well as by day. This • Long-distancesyatem of • communica- tion was in daily use years betote the Morse Code of telegraphy by wire. mother systelm of wire -ties telegraphy by mirrors was operated by the red man, bat it could be used miler on bright, sunny daye.". Bones redskins poseess untevellous memories, and can keep wonderful ac- coun1e. in weird heiroglyphics. A chief Who was a wharfinger at a elver dock leePt an accurate account af the treighte received in hieroalypbic style, He wee known to have made only one error, Foegettl»g to put a hole in a ebcIe ho onaeri ea a grinclethete into a obeese! • A Quebec Invention, • 11 be ';rn aeat 111T 011 WI • Cured et Suet, Quebec,, evee .1iing. tosana pewee,- „ turns aut ae "well as expectea. Tf4s , invention epaelets of a machine it woula. take a,bout aaea aelye for actuated by. rocking-04dr which, it 1,11.e 'earth to tall into the eun, if the is sold; gener4tes, enough poWar fe tattraation Which takes around an its run one nal:0111km in the house, zilch as orbit 'wee suddenly areested. If the Wash 1 neva cb lir ee *,,owing.machin'Ettc• ;alma thing bappereal to the moon, it etta "Roalaa-bya llabY" Will soon tvotilti fall into the eerth in 4 days MI liatte iieSV '20 hour.. • Lord Beaverbibok's Advice • to Young Men: Young business men received sound advice . iu an address given by hoed Beavarbrook eecently on "The Making ote, Merchant." "Some people," he said, "start life or other purposeetthe amount cannot by asking themselves -whether they be seen by possible holdup men. By would rather .be head of a small bust- means oa a properly placed mirror, the ness.of their neva or take a ameh more person entering the door can be see02t subordinate position in, a big business, by the cashier, beaore the window is with the hope of rising to the top. reached. , Thus if a suspicious -look-. "My answer is that it aims not lug character eaters the doer with the ter, The right sort of man will rise apparent intent oe holding up or shoot - to the top of a bi,g business, but he ittg the custodian sal the money, the. Will also make a small business into a simple release ot the pedal would im- big one. prison the,would-be thief until the ar- "Ali that is necese.ary Is the capacity rival of the police. • and deterniination to deminate the •• ar'c! the yvor • yet o. cline E -71C. SO -4S cant. Windmill Stores Electricity for Eleven Days' Use. Although there have been many at- tempts made to harness the wind to generate electiec power, yet work along this line is still in the experi- mental stage so far ae aotual farm an- stallatione , are concerned. .Thus con- siderable interest is .attached to. tire announcemeitt made by a windmill manufa,eturer that he has ahlast 'snot ceeded in constructing a model that, he believes, will meet all the require- ments in this special line. •tsTae . combina windmill, generator and staragegbattery described and illustrateein the Popular Meehan- ics Magazine. On. the main caking -at the top ea the tower is mounted a 1 -kw. generator. It is geared directly to the shalt of a 14 -ft. steel windmill. The spur gears are carried an eroller bearings, the entire reduction gearing running inan ail bath. The generator gives a constant voltage over, a speed variation ranging from 750 to 2,500 hp.m. The storage aattery has a ca. pacity of 280 ampere -hours and wil1. store enough electricity to operate the lights on an average farm for 11 One-Rooni House Has Rooms in etiki Pateets have recently been granted on a meet unusual minieture house, at Santa, Barbera.? California, which ala though it le in reality a one -room bungalow, has all the other rooms of an. ordinary dwelling coneealed In vari- • ous places. about it, The bade plaa of the gum striae - taro Is a central roma surrounaed by double walls piacea from 3 to 7 It, apart. In these bellow walls are core eealed a ititebee, a bathroom, deeesing rooms, and othea of the orthodox ac- comp.animents of the usual modem Wane entrances leacling from the main central room let° the various wall reonie have beenaeconcealed so that 'there is no iedication af their exist- ence. When. he desires to go into one of them, the e.wner wallts to an ap- parently tilled wall, and, presto, it opens. • Starting at one end of the central room, the first side opens. into a com- plete kitchen. The next side contains a bathroom, a bed, and several little accessories, such as a wood box, tele- phone closet, and desk. The third sid.e contains two dressing cloeets, while the remaining wall accommodates an - baler bed, and also the front entrance. Special meatia must be made of Swindling His Jailer. 'During that period in English leis- , tary when it was "quite the thing" to be ehat up in the Tower of London, the priseiner, says a weiter In Chem- beers's. Journal, eould live comfmtably. • fie could order what furniture he pleased, --and even plate and tapes'- ties,—but there was one condition: he could take n.orthing act of the Tower again. It he went out by way of the • scaffold it did not matter made; but it he was acquited or escaped his ex- penditure was a total loss. All the furnishings became the perquisites of the lieutenant—a ciroumstance from arhich we may oonfidently inter that he eficouraged his prisoners to make themeelvee as comfortable as possible, regardless of expense. Sometimes, hentever, the lieutenant Met a stone as hard as himself—in other words, Greek met Greek. Such a-ne was Sir William Seymour, after- wards Duke of Somerset. Though not at all blesised with wealth, the knight ordered expensive tapestries, • silver ()late alai the beet of furniture, while the lieutenant etood by and rubbed his hands in anticiaation of his future in - successive L, days without *sea, alishritance. • , is a condition of Weather' seldomas eareateasWilitain Seymour, however, no, - ever, encountered. • tieing that a cart came almootdaily to ,delivee hay and fagots at the entrance under the•Bloady Tower exactly op - Bandits Outwitted by Safety paeite his prison con.ceived the idea of Door. .escaping. A friend smuggled a slouch Bandits have been outwitted by the .hat, a false, beard and a smock in to use ot a patented revolving door which him, and one day tvhile the muter was operates similarly to the ordinary, res. inside delivering his geode...Sir William volving door seen in large buildings, strolled out, mo.unted the &A. -atlas seat, except that its turning ean be con- turned the hone round and, calmly trolled with a pedal.. If placed *in• daove. out of thealron Gate. There front of a paying teller's or cashier's honeas .awaiteclehim; he took beat op- the haportant departure just new is tvinclow, it iusures -privaby to any per- .posate Greenwich and reached a slap ! the beginning of the end of the career son receiving money) E.O. that in the that he lead chartered to carry him to l of that efficient and much abused per - case of large withdrawals for pay-eoll France, !soilage—the telephone girl. The start ". The matter -naturally made Rouble ! is already made, and as. 80011 as the tor the lieutenant, but he cantata -a him -1 extermous task can be accomplished, self with the thought .of tbe rich pee- telephone exchanges., even the largest, quisites that Sir William had left,' will 'require but a few attendants, and What . then, was his indignation to find i these me•chaniclans. the bellain bade', which. eau be trans. formeal into windove Beate, Realizing that a -eorofortable bed is to tiaring7 tease practicable ae a seat, and that a comfortable seat is tea' too hard for a bed, the inyentor has devised a plan to hake ahe seat -bed hard by day and soft by niglit. A board is mounted on bleaes below the springs, in such. a way that it aises, deecribing an are, at the pull of a rope. When the seat - bed is to be used as a seat tble board palls up against the springs, prevent- ing them from ataing, aed conveiting the bed into a comfortable seat. When the device is to be ased as a bed, this board es dropped clown, the %airings function as usual, and a soft bed is ob- tained, • With the exception of a table and two chairs, all furniture is built in, motst of It being eolecealed here and there in the blind walls, and coming forth when desired. Everything is built clear down to the fiber, to do away with sweeping under the furni- ture. The net result of the strange home is that 10 minutes suffice to do the housework (male day; yet the residents are fully as comfortable and have all the conveniences of persons living in much larger houses. 1. No one can do good work when the mind is clouded with unhappy,- or vicious thoughts. The mental sky Must be clear or there can be no enthusiasm, no brightness, clearness, or ef- ficiency in our work. To do the maximum of which you are capable, you must keep your mind filled with cheer- ful, uplifting thoughts. Speed and Comfort on the Hydroglider. • Ja land tra,nsportation within the last 20 years; there has occurred a ,fransformatio.tt from the horse and buggy to the high-s,peed autentobile. In the navigation of rivers and lakes a similar development is now talaleg place. The ancient paddle wheeler -is being supplanted by the modern hydro - glider: The development has been gradual. It beg -an, as in the case of the land vehicles, with the introduc- tion at the internal-eambustion engine. This led to the 'hest design'iof the hydroplane, or craft that skims on the surface rather than plows through the depth of the water. In this coanec- tion there have been many modifica- tions of hull design. 'Until recently they were &riven. by immersel ar semaiminersed propellers, 'which. be- sides !lacking In efficiency, tvere likely • to hit any obstruction, or to get fouled by reeds or other weeds, 'which -are common. in shallow waters. Filially came the .type now under development, which skims on the surface of the water, and Is driven by an aerial pro- peller. These are known as water or hadeogliders The most recent de- velopments are exemplified in a glider built on the Clyde, in Scotland, called the "Yarrow," whicla has attained a speed of 50 miles an hour. Fundamentally, all .of these hydro - gliders are siren:ea.. They vary in size and power, and also quite cansiderably ca.bin design and accommodations - One called the "Farname" that as used teethe river Seine, in France, as a sight- seeing boat, is said to have attained a speed ot 56 miles an hour, Another, the special design ot.the Fren.oh aerial engineer referred to- above, has a cab- in much on tbre lines of an enlarged limeueine. Another of this type has a Wide curled -up prow that facilitates gliding. Oue, still more recent, is the Invention c,f a Belgian lady, and has the bottom of the hull shaped like a figure "3"-;faid on its back. This hy- droglider, still under construction, has exceptionally luxurious cabin acme- modations, and is distinguished by the fact that its aerial propeller is driven by a rotating air-cooled engine. The Bells of P.04: There are denthtlese blinds turned veteraea Ontario' ell remember the impreesie e tag in Mons on the night OW' city was freed of the invader. At dusk tlee bells rang out over the freed clay paal after peal of gladness; and then to the surprise of the Canadian troops the bells chimed out the 13ritieb. National Anthem. Progress in Wireless. It caenot be other than a tremend- ous satisfaction to Mareoni. to have lived to witness the =ever' sal use of his discovery of how to hurl a message through air across oceans to ships and twee continents to cities, thousands of miles apart. What hardly 20 yeaes ago was almost a -miracle, to be per- formed only by experts and soientists, has now become so easily done and understoodathat some 60,000 amateurs, chiefly bays in their "teens," with an- tennm raised from barn or ridgepole, daily and nightly pick up messages from points thousands of miles dis- tant, or listen' to lectures, concerta, and grand opera delivered. fax from their homes. Whale it yet seems a long way off, it is unlikely that before another 20 years shall have passed we may be provided with Instruments • which anyone' can conveniently carry in his pocket, and aro converse with home OT office while `walking train one to the other? The electrical department of the oity of Chicago- has announced completion telephones which will enable headgear- telepbtes whica will enable headquar- ters to communicate with police rifle squade. pollee and fire boxes, and police and flee -engine stations within a radius of 30 miles. In telephoning over metakie circuits business, big or emelt. In either case 'Lifeboat Releasina Gear a success depentle upon concentration Acts as Safety Device. "There are 'sure asid cereal:a rides that we should lay down for the guidance Safety devices foe the release ot lifea leoeth when lowered from a eliip's date ot the young men who will follow at - ter ue in business,: -- its have taken many forms, One that "Nevea accept a job because it of: looks simpler than most has, been re - fees a safe salary. Thinkfirst whether cently inveated, A" pipe supported it will lead to anathing, Au able, man will Choose a pasta -on -that will give fre.a Tele. bo hpportunity. • '"Be loyal' to your firne. Speak well 'at Year fianr yeerwilt. end by think- ing well of . otherwise .you may damage your firm and ruhryOurseX "Do not gruinble' too mach: If yeti do, year enaste,r will get' tired of yoer persietent peesemieni. He Will think you are too base' with your grievances to think aleoat business-,• ' "Never say at is not my job,' Ta you are wrong, it is inexcusable; if you are right; it ie fatoterahie..., , "bo not do neer job ohly because- yoir fear al siniss a I, ail eh a man should be sacked at 0ae. The only ram fee him 11 111 the South Sea Islands, Where leo 'one wears clothes and food groWe en the trees, . "'ranee may be head sayings," con, • tinned Larch leettagraraok, aaet • the road to succesi Is hard. la exehang- ing the .role of enipleyee for that. of employ.ei a matt only sitifts the burdee front on iliotilder to theother latia ,hody , huye good time until .he. ttres, Mut then lie Will regret his that tire, fugitive had. paid for Mine of the thine and that he himself was sued by the tradesman who had sup - Pried' them! Eren.eo, might have — • Saying Illustrated. "This thing can't go on!" exclaimed the .shoe clerk as he vainly tried to .recovered at; least some OE his money get a numbey two shoe. on a number by the sale of the goods, but to his am. feat disgust he fatted that the facetious tapestries fit thefireplaces. styperio_wity i.inaleeees ethers. Culture. indicates superiority, and • . knight had "Cut up the most. valuable Rings of Death. a The employment a.f rings for crim- ' ihal purposes Was oommon in olden days. Hannibal, we are told, from a fear of beteg delivered in to the Ro- Bits of Canadmn News Work on the ereetion ot tbeir new past thirteen months and widely dis- t/eller mills will be counneuced sbortly 1 tributed threughout the agricultural along the bottom of the boat just niana, Swellewed poison, which, to be by the Provinciel Paper Mills, Limited, i tirea,s, of the Proviace. In many cases above the keel has at each end a small Peepared. for the worst, he carried with Port Arthur, Oat, The building will 1 where this lime hae been constantly orank that operates a vertically die- him in the hollow of a ring. In those , be. 900 feet long and will cost with ! used as a fertilizer a fifty per cent. Tinge were put tegether the e•quipment about $1,000,00,0, !increase in production has beenere posed rod, on the end of which is a days haliaw with a degree of skill fax beyond that While drilling for water on his farm I aerded, tnousa hook is pivoted on a sapport connect- d • 1 f 4. • , roller that locks the hook at eac,h and a me of the bat by engaging it s• shank. The .02' luPaeall ieWellees. Sometimes the twmiles from bonadale, Ont„ James poison -was coricealede- beneath the Bliss seeel. patetoe.s have lett St. Jon, ed to the boat in sueh a manner that RC:4,n Still& gas at a depth of 11.8 otrid when the shank is left free, the hook is auteinatically ,ov'eaturned, releasiag the boat f ram the davit falls. The 011- 100killg is done by giving the. pipe it half turn with a lever that is Connect-, ed telt at an' conerenieet point at the bettor° of the boat. • : • POSirelf-Delaren Stump Cutter Does its: Work Rapidly...- - Tree stuthae Can be cat aff,at gained level, or as much as 30 in. below, 'very isapidly by a machine that does the cutting, with a 'soil; at cartiblDed bead and °teenier 'saw, foe thoughit is fiat, like a beta seWa ie tas in, thitla matintatee its circular shape, Thelaw is, ratated rapitily by a smell gaeolitta stone, which opened with a spring. It N.13., dile°. or ma, S , , ., required but a small space for the feet' The flow ie said te be greater 1 ling the first seed potato. shipment of by Italian chemists In the sixteenth thea anywaere The Woodland Farm at AppeleY, else iu the Matelot. I United States. Pctatoes selected tor viralent poistenewhieh were eonco'cted e ! such extent to that section af the and seventeenth "centuries.. . . Ont., has been purchased by mew, leas. ethipment were of the haray north. a Col. Hendrle, president ,rif the ,Ontario ern stock grown in the Vicinity of ap Between doekey Club, and hie eon and it is ' 1 Grand Falls and New Demeark, N.B. e e their inteatiou. to establish there one 1 According to. 'Machine Pills G ' B- the late:a returns" of - , ef the largest steak hams in Canada. They will raise thoroughbred horeee „ 01A are 69a,368 farms in Canada, 'iviotorcycle And Light Auto.I the Bureau 02. Agricultheal Statistics Halfway between tae heavy motor- . - ' I at -a- -•- . '- 184,337 being in Ontario 14° 017 in ea* and the 'light automobile is a and sltortborn mettle. , e .. 0 in Sateltatehewan. 86 - new inachite -Which embreliee a nem- The catantity of red and waite pine I Quebec., re 90 - • ' ''' . • ; 000 its Albeeta„56,18ein Meiat b ' ' her et novel feattteee. The frame, of, tome, teal hatheeheeit iie Ontario is placed at 'eight and one o62 in New laa Roland ' 269 in Nova Scotia. 35,-‘' 1 'n' 11' 46'. • ;the autombblie type. es sapported on ataaa' '-'-' --a.- - - - - •' twO wheels, 1 A. barrel -type spiral swing suspeasem eliminates . fire wheel Wk. An exteaawide stationara . , , six nattered alien:11 feet of \vette pine; lawman inae be ('0(5051 a(1 in the amine ft -out ;meth mint 'extends. back, formiug Ottawa et ice, two billion nall twa ' with the improvemeat 10 tntinetriel a hoed:for' the englee, gears, and the a '""'''' hundred. e,nd. May million; La. Ise of the . emiditione avvording to 'br, le Bonze engine,' area Viten cutting beloW imp and a half billion eoven ! clutoli a Pewee is transmitted Name a della Royal lialian Commass'..0110r for ' ' •C friction drive anti Clutch. ,.... Woods hundred and eigh 1 y m111100 : 1.0 0 SO- i c la:mum c icaa aho, hoi, 1 11 ii rin ,up his 2 • ene-cyliuder, alaatip., motor through et ' ' ' • . ' ' '. - grounds it le started' eohie dietatice froniathe itump,aed is eleped and fed Oraig, farestrY expert. In tho Cleaar- T3runsevick, 14.211 in British Columbia. gam Buy and Lake Huron waterehedee ;lea 13,883 P, 03(1,e leeward heath. there ere three billion feet ot reatkettad A subatantial Italian immigratton to • He Was Oensideratre, • perior, .0110 hil Iton , one bend rod an d fift.Y ; 511(100 tisOl (1 Oniaai°. • Consulaloaaral for Cetnada, eatIqua rte re et Mani real es oting doWnwarcl so 'that it deeetands into the less than a billion te.enly million, In , ! anatla map eel weer X001 for ground Etna Strikes the slaiMp ta Ilobby (tritiMpaently)--"I prayed 1019, the f11/11").C1 ell 1 IV11S the manta of Noaenther were valued alit aa,441,3ee. Texporta ofnewspeint the etexup the slope of th,e ewes ae. in toter 'delve ar ale's qua . • clee•ired depth. Atter cuttina through Mat God smith) make gra:mania better mately 356,000.000 feet. Is Vereed, and it airoaaade, to eat 110ward, 4otlaat'''"a"'W a' didn't • Yoe 'praMore than y' to two lin n dr al ra aeede for the meetb emanatedOge to 1,341 y 11. to be 'used •SS torialeer In the plea awts„ velteel ala331),2e8. Woodpile viten wee taken from the government : exported' ametrutce to 1.557,136 vests., lime quarry et Brookville. Nal., in tbe atilited at a1,707,85iO, ending by having eat eat ' a .1.1,00.r. leave her get better light away?" ebaped section. ot the greeted oontate. bbyea a on leo* ;things (else Mg the tees ettleipe time,"