HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1921-10-13, Page 7ITGIIWAS ARE GRAVEYARD FOR MISSING PARTS.
There are probably enough. spar neglect, Their 'absence will doubtless
parts !of autoaeebiles imbedded in city account for a good: muss oi' 'thee rat
,and •country ':•.ahilesy+s to furnish a ties ma squeaks which .are •causing
fairly complete. Stock :Dor no =man the owner to complain, amid requiring
smasher of : automobile acceseomy • him to spend scon,sic1 er tbde good nioneY
.snores, One lres• bot to walk along a; at some service station forrepairs.
Street or roc,i, that is frequented by Neglect Causes Despair.
motor cars ii. fir?, �.f one look% care- The average instruction book given
foals', any se, from
.0- t. which have; with. a .car will idv�is�e the owner to go
shabea,loosesi'.orn Sonne ear. A kaenriles.' the car ever so often and tagliteii
eyed junlcm• n ought to be gable to the bolts and. nits as a and tution-
make• a,gooc. Diving picking them up. �•ary measure. Eut ots, as it any,
A friend •of opine recently anrnonmc- I attention r paid to this lit little, the cat
i d that he 1: as 'going to sell nis car,
110 said Ile e"Id z nerd the carr all staps;or develops some uzetti ai 17:11'
Them +a mechanic is called an.,
right. ancl the expense of gas and ,oil,' bakes him an hour to find the cause
but he 'couldn't s`�and the cost of the of, the trouble, while the owner looks
upkeep, He admitted tl he had on in ,despair.
never taken any wins. to keep his i Hub. caps ,are parte susceptible to.
mnachine in oou" it.lan. , Consequently -boss. Such a less allows grit to get
this 'blit or that was, continually get- f into the bearings, all of whack' could
'ting • loans without his knowledge.' be ,,prevented by taking a little 'care
Various pieces. were re therefore adding of them. Sonic parts .that axe lost
theonsel�vee 1 o the road's already rover -'„are •of such a nature that a puncture
stocked ,suppiy'c parts. No wero_ler:
car. But
them In such a case there is not
only a loss ,to the machine from which'
such parts come, but else a t-rou'ble-
some time for those who: may follow
in its tracks. e —
I have seen the esin holding in place
the tie rod which keeps the wheels in
alignment drop out, and in another
case, while hunting a knock, I have
found the •cylinder loose on the base
because the nuts had been without'
lock washers er •cotter pans; and. had
worked loose. They might in time
have worked off entirely and there
would .have been a "cylinder missing.”
I have also seen the entire engine
loose on the frame, so that it was.
doing a fox trot while running.
The owner should become well •ac-
qu;ainted with his car, so that he
knows where the •different bolts: and
nits are, Some delivers will tighten
up all that they know about, but ,do
not bend their backs to get under-
neath where :b�h•ey '•can see the dust
pan bolts and bnalce: linkage bolts. If
the owner knows where these parts
.acceler �tor pedal wouldroelenn the are he should make it hie business to
tlmrn tle when moved. see that every bolt and pin. ie locked.
hennaed had haened was that with a lock washer or cotter pan.
through neglect the bolt had worked Then he ,should go :aver them :at least
loose :and ,dropped cut, so that the once a month •an'd. tighten them up.
levier did not n ave She throttle axzn,
and advancing the lever had no effect.
Many of :dile •strmy parts are of a
e,imsilar nature—nuts, bolts, washers,
screws, cotter pins and the like--
which have worked loose because of
he wanted to r'''�•pose of hie •c
ail his troub:e could have been avoided
had, just a -fettle attention been given
now and then, to cheskin,g up on the
eondation .of his machine and keeping
thing from getting a wrong start.
The Jollierday a car stopped' in
front of a garage where 1 'happened
to be standing. The driver pondered
deeply over tate fact that the engine
had no powex. Foiling to find the
solution .of his problem. he called a
mechanic to look it over,
Where the Trouble Lay.
"A few minutes ago," he said, "the
'engine had so mach power I •couldn't
stop it when I waisted to. Now I can't
make it pull at all:"
"Open your throttle," said the
.automotive expert.
"Thethrottle is open," was the re-
sponse.
"Oh, I see," -add the workman, and
disappeared into the garage. In a few
minutes he reappearedwith ,a small
holt and proceeded to" connect the
throttle linkage so that the lever and
is readily given to a tire running over
A driver may be !sauce he will pay
several times the value of parts that
are lost inegettong them replaced, so'
that economy is involved as well as
the inconvenience of ,having the. car
stopped on •the • road.
Great .e'iscoveries That Were
Scorned.
There are many tragic stories of
limen who made great . discoveries be -
tore their- time. Their inventions
perished, only to be rediscovered and
used in later years.
Archimedes, who lived more than
two thousand years ago, designed and
made a steam engine which really
worked, His idea did not catch on,
and the world had to wait twenty cen-
'aeries until steam, raising the lid of a
kettle, led James Watt to re -discover
an. old invention. .
•
Both electricity .and magnetism
were known to the Greeks, who failed
to harne,ss the one or use the other
for the mariner's compass. The
Chinese were using the compass be -
:fore the Christian era. began, and ex-
plorers brought it back with theme
from the East in quite early days. The
old salts of the time condemned it as
e useless toy, and it was not re -invent-
ed for hundreds of years.
The first submarine on record remade.
several successful dives in the Thames
In the • reign of Charles II. No one
realized its possibilities, and the in-
vention languished until the -French
revived it only a few years -ago.
Breech -leading 'field guns were used
at the Battle of Crecy in 1.346! They
fired brass cartridges almost exactly
like biose used for the most up-to-date
guns. They did:" not please the artil-
lery experts of the time, however, and
clumsy muzzle -loaders were the :op1y
guns used until' seventy -years ago,
when, after a lapse of five hundred
years, the breech -loader was re -invent-
ed.
Most wonderful of all, wireless tele-
phony was discovered and usede more
than half a century ago by a scientist
who could get no one to realize the
value of his invention.
Brain trouble is due in almost every
instance to bodily illness or distutb-
ance.
The height of the atmosphere is
computed at ene hundred miles, and
its density decreases as its distance
from the earth increases, -
Bits of Can adian News
The Point du Bois Mining and De-
velopment Company, Limited, has
been incorporated with capital of $1,-
000,000, and will, amongst other
things, develop a mica deposit near
Point du Bois, Manitoba. The deposit
is about ten xniles north of Lac du
Bonnet,' and it is claimed that potash
deposits are also in the district.
A co-operative scheme for market-
ing poultry, which includes extension
of credits to the extent of $10,000, and
the establishment of a killing station
at Mencton, has been approved by the
Provincial'.Government of New Bruns-
wick.
The latest government estimate of
the wheat crop of Canada places the
total yield at approximately 294,000,-
000 bushels, exceeding last year's crop
by nearly 30,000,000 bushels,
Over $1,600,000 worth of aluminum
kitchen utensils and other articles
enaszufactured from this Metal were•
made in Canada during 1920, accord-
ing to a statement issued by the Do-
Bureau of Statistics. The capi•
tai invested in this industry was more
than three and one-quarter million
dollars:: All plants.are confined to On-
tario, The industry furnished'employ'
'meatto amore than 300 individuals, the
amount paid fit wages during the year
being $351,643. In addition ` to the
above $45,698 was paid to members of
the administration staff.
The first, shipment of Canadian•
goods to Russia since the Bolshevik
revolution will be made from Montreal
thio nmonth, •when the advance consign.
meat of 500 oil tank oars, now near.
ing completion in the shops of the
Canadian Car and Foundry Company,
Limited, will be placed aboard a Cana-
dian steamer for transportation to
Novorossusk, a Russian port on the
Black Sea.
Authority for the construction of a
$500,000 plant has been given to the
Three Rivers Pulp and Paper Company
by the municipal council of Three
Rivers, The erection of this plant
will be commenced this year.
A Canadian record for haulage was
established when a train three-quar-
ters of a mile long, drawn by tw•o of
the largest engines of the service,
with seventy-five cars, containing
eighty -live thousand bushels of grain,
reached Fort William recently..
The winter cruising field will be en-
tered into by the Canadian Pacific
Steamships this coming season, the
company "having allocated to the pur-
pose
urpose two of its finest liners. The 'Em-
press of Britain," which is now em-
ployed on the North Atlantic run, is
scheduled to make two trips to the
West Indies; the "Empress of Scot-
land" will cruise to the Mediterranean.
It is estimated that Southern Albers
to and Southern Saskatchewan are
this year seeding about 850,000 acres
to fall -planted rye, as comnpared with
350,000 acres last year, an increase of
about 500,000 acres, or about 185 per
cant' It is further calculated that,
given .an average yield per acre, tite
rye crop of 1922 in Southern Alberta
and Saskatchewan will give the fann-
ers of these districts three or four mil -
lien dollars more than they Will re -
nivel this years 1
rand the worst is yet to come
TURN it CITY
INTO AN
ASSET
UTILIZING "NUISANCES'
OF THE OCEAN., -'
•
An infant Industry Capable of
Enormous Expansion on
East and West Coasts.
With most expansive fishing grounds,
Canada possesses in her prolific waters
some six hundred differ'eht varieties
of edible fish of which only about' one
hundred and fifty are known and less
than twenty are really important fac-
tors on the market. Canada has also
in her waters certain creatures of the
ocean which are not only non -edible„
and from this point of view of 110 coni-
mercial account, but have in addition;
to be placed on Che debit side of the
Dominion's banking account as taking,
a serioustoll of the vahiable epodes,
being 'a continual menace to the fish
breeding , grounds , and constituting
themselves general nuisances• to fsh-
ernien. Such are the muushark, the
dogfish, the hair seal anc(tlie sea lion:
It has : been discovered. that these
apparently valueless and pestiferous
members of the sea family, whilst hav-
ing no edible value, possess valuable
properties of commercial worth, and
considerable attention, especially, on
the Pacific coast, has been paid ` of
late to their attraction. Commencing.
with the utiliation of whale and 'fish
waste—making use of 'parts which'
were previously rejected—this has
been followed up by using hitherto
worthless members *of the ocean
family and obtaining a handsome re-
turn from their carte sses, at the one
time removing a fisherman's pest and
giving him returns on that part of his
catch which he was in the habit bf
throwing away.
Sharks can . be made to contribute
food, gelatines and ail for many pure
poses as well as being a source of
shoe leather. The livers are taken for'.
the oil they contain and this industry,
has thrived for .some time in New-
foundland and Labrador and is pro-
gressing on the Pacific coast. The
livers are placed in water, cooked by,
fire or steam, and the oil skimmed off,.
This oil is of value -in.dressing leath-
er; soap making, fish glue, paints anis,
for medicinal purposes. The dogfish,
m
which is a smaller species of shark, at-
totes-
ttwills- a size, of about four feet. It
yields oil and a by-product of fertilizer,
whilst other properties can also be
made to produce. These fish are a
considerable source of annoyance to
fishermen, making holes in their nets,
consuming portions of the catch, and
driving away schools the fishermen
are following up.
Many Fish Product Plants.
The unsaleable small fish, viscera,.
heads, etc., of the annual catch in
Canada is estimated at about 250,000
tons. Nearly fifty per cent. of the sal-
mon catch en the Pacific coast, seven-
ty-five per cent. of the lobsters eau:
ped and over forty per cent. of the
catch of the Great Lakes come under
this head.' At presentonly about 1,000
tons are used and this could be large-
ly increased though the greater por-
tion cannot be collected. On the At-
lantic coast there are two fish product
plants at Canso and Lockeport, Nova
Scotia, and one on inland waters at
Port Stanley, Ontario, on Lake Erie.
The, greatest activity. in this line is
shown in;Britiet _adlu,rbia- and&here,•-
Iiiaging by the: interest of 1920. Whal-
ing companies on the coast have
'awakened to the value of properties in
theeC'mammals which they were wast-
ing, and in addition to the plant which
has been operating at, Victoria for
some tune, .a whale by-products and
non -edible fish ` industry was com-
menced on Vancouver Island last year
by British capital. Fertilizer, oil and
other products to be manufactured
from matter previously thrown away
are now saved foe a steady and pro-
fitable market.
At Nanainmo, in the same year, a
$40,000 fish meal and oil refinery with
$15,000 worth of machinery com-
menced operations with an output of
twenty tons daily, five tons of fish pro-
ducing one ton of meal and fifty gal-
lons of coarse ail suitable for ma-
chinery. Only the caarest kind of
fish, dogfish, sharks and othernon-
edible varieties are used in the manu-
facture and these are purchased from
local fishermen. who, in this, way, not
only find a market for a part of their
catch previously worthless, but find it
profitable: to do this kindoffishing ex -
elusively.
Returned Soldiers Operate Pacific
Plant.
A company of returned soldiers or-
ganized last year for the purpose of
getting after the mud shark on the
Pacific coast and they have establish-
ed a. thriving industry on Vancouver
Island. Oil is extracted and fertilizer
The New Premier of Alberta
Another romanoe of Western,Cana-
dian agriculture, additional example of
the city 'boy who made good on the
farm, and further proof that success
awaits serious, honest efforts on time
Western prairies despite inexperience
and paucity of wealth 'is furnished by
the story of Herbert Greenfield, who
was recently unanimously elected to
head the political party of the United
Farmers of Alberta when they defeat, -
ed the existing government and who,
*bee parliament next sits, will be the
premier of the Province of Alberta.
Mr. Greenfield was generally con-
sidered'to be the man most eminently
fitted for the honor, as a practical
farmer of undoubted success who has
been long allied with the provincial
farmers' organization with a reputa-
tion as an able politician.
Herbert Greenfield is an English
city boy, born in Winchester, England,
fifty -.two years ago and spending his
youngest and ntost impressionable
years in an urban atniosphere. At the
age of twenty-three he came to Cana-
da, laoking the capital necessary for
the promotion of any enterprise and
altogether minus any experience in ag-
riculture In which, howeVer, he be-
lieved his future prosperity lay. He
worked as a hired nian in Ontario' for
smite time, accumulating both capital
and experience, and whenlie believed
that his stock of both justified it, he
purchased a farm in the west of the
province and set about his own career.
In 1906 the glamor of the West en-
thralled him. He wanted a bigger field
to expand in, a newer field of endeav-
or which he suspected lay in the fer-
tile plains, which slope ,eastward from
the Rockies. With a superabundant
faith in -himself and In the promise the
West is always extending, lee sold his
Ontario farm and migrated to Alberta.
There he fled on a government home-
sead and settled down once more to
hew hit fortune out of Western loans.
1'o -day he is one of the most prosper -
op farmers. in Northern Alberta and
has the satisfaction of realizing that
his success; has come from his owe.
e.ffortt, aided only by the great soil
fertility and excellent climate a bounti-
ful nature has given "Sunny Alberta."
Now he has beenchosen for practi
cailY the highest honor the province
has to bestow, and for the while the
destiny of Alberta's people Iles in his
hands, and the future of the famous
nitxed-farining area in his legislative
guiring. The qualities which made
hila a 'successful farmer should go a
long way to Make hint the successful
premier of a farnming province and the
career which connnenced in Canada
as• 0 farmer's hired nian can iittain yet
greater heights.
An Old Nation Reborn
Lifting out of the mists of antiquity But ever and always to the north
and taking shape in tangible form, the
Garden of Eden is about to take its
place in the geographies under the
name of the Kingdom of Irak, and it
will function under a British mandate.
After ages of idleness this garden spot
of all the world, from which the hu-
nian race is supposed to have sprung,
is again going to be an integral part
in the economic progress of Mother
Earth.
The new kingdom; or rather the old-
est of kingdoms garbed in, a cutaway
Oat, striped trousers, boots and spats
and topped by a stiff lit, will take
the place once occupied by Babylon
in robes of gleaming silk and bedeck-
ed with gold and gems of price. It is
situated in the fertile plain between
the Tigris and Euphrates, which is
now about half bog and half desert
waste, but which was once a garden.
that bloomed and fruited as no .ether
spot on earth.
An appreciation of the possibilities
of this territory may be :obtained by a
study of .the past. • In the beginning of
history this plain was the home of a
rich, cultured people whose wealth
and comfort depended entirely upon
theintricatesystem of canals which
creased the region between the two
rivers. Remains of these old water-
ways may yet be traced across arid
wastes or through inaccessible bogs,
and oast dwelt menace, the turbulent
hill people who looked with longing
eyes an the fertile folds : and easy
lives of the dwellers in the nian-mnade
paradise. For ceuturies civilization ...
had a bulwark of soldiers, a sort of
armored dike, between it and the `
horde of barbarians, . but finally the
Parthians pierced the wall and then
overran the country. They werd fol-
lowed by the Persians, and under the
less -civilized rulers tb.e canals tliat:
were the secret of the land's wealth.
were allowed to fall tate disrepair but
the process of dlstintegration was
slow' and under the Abbassid Caliphs,
a combivation of Arabic' and .Persian,
culture, Bagdad was founded in the`,
entre of the river plain and for a time
it was a metropolis of the world, with
a population of 2,000,000, Gay, wicked;
splendid in its shame and glorious in.
its excesses, the city throve for a time.
Canal walls crumbled, desert lands
crept down and reclaimed their awn,
the waters of the river, left to follow
their own courses, crept across the
fertile acres, turning them inti bogs,
until now much of the incomparably.
fertile soil Is lost. In 1908 some re-
clamation work was done and since
1917, when the British occupied Bag-
dad, this worn has been carried for-
ward much more rapidly until now an
appreciable acreage has again been
made productive. °
manufactured from these hitherto un
profitable encumberers of Pacific coast
waters.
An allied industry which offers sub-
stantial and continua] revenue for -ex-
ploitation, and is yet a virgin field, has
been advocated by Premier Oliver of
the Province of British Columbia. Off
the coast of the Province are large
numbers of sea lions which destroy
annually large quantities of sea food,
and the proposition, which has the ap-
proval of experienced fishermen, is to
slaughter these animals, which weigh
from 2,000 to 2,500 pounds apiece, and
place their bides upon the world's
leather markets. The aides are near-
ly an inch thick and maketough and
durable leather such as is used in
workmen's gloves and ,saddles. Each
animal is estimated to consume fifty
pounds of fish per day and a bounty of
$2.00 per head has been placed upon
tlieni by the Dominion government.
Their numbers off the Pacific coast
can be realized when hunters on the
Charlotte Islands have slaughtered
hundreds in a single day,
This industry, utilizing products
which would otherwise be wasted, is
along the best lines of national econo-.
my and as yet merely in the_ prima *,.
stages~ of-deValoj ineiit,' capable of tre-
mendous expansion.' Last year Lord
Leverhulme purchased a $200,000
water frontage on Burrard Inlet, Bri-
tish Columbia, for the erection of a
plant for this purpose, which is sig-
nificant of the wide interest evinced
in carrying out this industry in Cana-
da. With the world's most expansive
fishing grounds, and some of the most
prolifmc,_.the fact that they are as yet
barely tapped augurs a great future
for the fishing industry and, of neces-
sity, the allied industries of their by-
products.
•
Whirlpools of the Sky.
The envelope of air surrounding the
earth, which we call the atmosphere,
is in many ways like the waters of the
seas. Its currents take the form of
winds; and just as is the case with
sea and river currents, they form
great whirlpools every now and then.
If the huge eddy of wind currents is
revolving in the opposite direction to
that taken by the hands of a clack it
is called a cyclone; an anticyclone
whirls in a clockwise direction.
There is another diffee-ence between
the twa, which is of greatr important.
The cyclone is a whirlpool in which the
greatest pressure 10 on the outside
edge of the current and the lowest at
its centre. In an anticyclone these
conditions are reversed. Pressure is
lowest at the fringes and highest in
the centre of the eddy.
High pressure means a high bar-
ometer and fine weather; low pressure
gives a low glass and rain. The cyc-
lone, therefore, when it settles down;
always brings bad weather. The anti-
cyclone is. rainy and squally at its
fringes, but its centre is always calm
and dry. It is to a succession of anti-
cyclones that we owe the wonderful
summer of 1921.
Peculiar Facts and Figures.
China holds the world's record for.
Iegal executions, twelve thousand of
which are estimated to take place
yearly.
The population of Scotland (4,832,-
288) is three times what it was in.1801.
The number of women exceeds that
•of men by 185,482.
The whale has the thickest - hide of
any creature or reptile in the •world.
In some places the skin of the larger
specimens• is two feet thick.
In the Channel Islands sunshine is
enjoyed during 39.9 per cent. of tiie
time during which the sun is above
the horizon in the course of a year.
The largest spider in the world was
discovered at Sumatra: its body was
nine inches in circumference, and it
had legs seventeen inches in length..
There are about 1,500,000,000 inhabi•
tants on the globe. Of these 50,000,006
die every year, 137,736 per day, 5.595
three in every two seconds.
three in every two seands.
There were twice as many marriages
in France in 1920 as in 1913-623,$63
against 312,036. The excess of births
aver deaths last year was 159,000, coin.
pared, with. 58;00.0-in-1Ala:e-
The Chinese have an easy and con-
venient way of taking the Census, the
oldest- man in each block of ten
houses being authorized to make the
count on a given date, and send the
list to the Imperial tax official.
Very little ice is made in England,
the greater bulk of it being imported
from Norway in special fast Wooden
ships. The ice comes from the lakes
high up in, the mountains ,and is cut
by horse ploughs, and then hewn into
blocks by long -toothed handsaws.
Iron From Rust.
It is oxide of iron that gives to you
blood its brilliant red color. If blood
contained no iron, all mien and women
would look like walking corpses.
Nowhere in nature is iron found in
a "native" or pure state. It occurs
only in the form of oxides—that is to
say, as iron rust. Man's greatest
triumph was achieved when he dis-
covered how to "undo" iron rust and
get the iron out of it. But for that,
our civilization to -day would be no fur-
ther advanced than that of ancient
Egypt or Assyria.
Edwin E. Slassou, in his remarkable
new book, "Creative Chemistry," says
that every year the blast furnaces of
the world release 72,000.000 tons of
iron from its oxides; and every year
one-fourth of that quantity reverts to
rust. Should man cease his efforts in
this. direction tor a generation, there
would be little left to show that he
had ever learned to extract iron from
its ores.
Over 62,000 private wells were dam-
aged or destroyed in France during
the war.
Don't insist on leaving your own
way unless you know where the road
ends.
Mules That Operate Electrically
Six mules are required to drag a
big warship through the locks of the
Panama Canal. They are electric
mules, wlilch run on tracks at either
side of the lock, each of them equip-
ped with a powerful motor.
Four of these mules (two an each
side) do the pulling, cables being at-
tached to them for the purpose; the
m'emaining two merely attend to the
business of keeping the stern of the
vessel midway in the inclosed water
space, In order that she shall go
straight ahead without wabbling.
When it is desired to bring the ship
to a stop, the second pair of the for-
ward quarter of mules drops behind
and joins the rear two in a strong pull
while the pair in front ,Steadies the
bow,
Along both sides of each lock are
rows of tall tower -like posts which
Support powerful arc lights, to illumnin•
ate time smmrouimdings brilliantly•• at
night. Thus the machinery may be
operated as efficiently in the night-
time as by daylight. The huge lamps
do not throw their light directly upon
the ship, however. They are conceal.
ed from view, and the illumination•
they afford is indirect, so as to avoid
dazzling the eyes of those steering
When a ship goes through a lock,
there is no shouting and no noise or
any kind. Everything moves In
silence and as if by clockwork, the
operation being directed by a man an
board the vessel, who makes signals
with his arms. If it be nighttime, he
holds in ea.clm lmatid a rod with -a small
electric lamp on the end.
The canal is lighted throughout its
length by electricity, like a street,
light -buoys meriting the channel across
the great expanse of Gatun Lake, aa
artificial body of water which covers
187 square utiles, and which extezxde
two-thirds of the :voyaging distanos
from ocean to ocean,