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Zurich Herald, 1921-10-06, Page 2A Banker Who Kept a CONT. Thu is the story of a WisCOX101 tanker named Jost, who was net,eatie- fied. with meeely 1Hng farmere, hew they should farm 'better, and: with lending them money to do it evith. Believing that many ef ins 'farmer castomers were not getting as meth 4 , money out of dairying as they, ehould, Address communications to Aurene-aelit• 73 Adelaide et. West. Torceityee he deckled to set an examPle fee them. Storing the Potato Crop. of the hole may he lined with boards The results he got surprised him •aS . . . . . f to protect them from the ear a • . , rage an impor p potato raising, where the crop is not (gad direct from the field. The crop should be stored in a dry, well ventil- ated cellar which is perfectly dark. Great, losses, unnecessary, occur each year from carelessness in storing the potato crop. The tubers are placed in wet or comparatively warm and poorly ventilated cellars and pilet in great bins, giving almost ideal conditions for the development of the disease which may be in them and very favor- able conditions for healthy potatoes to develop rot. The expense of putting in a good system of ventilation in a cellar is soo!fl offset by the better condition in Which the potatoes keep, and the pro- fits inerease fast when they are prop- erly cared for. At any rate, a good circulatien of air should be provided around the stored potatoes. Instead of piling them against the wall or on the floor, slats should be nailed a little apart about six inches or more from the wall. This insures circula- tion of air behind the pile. A temperary floor may be put in about six inches afbove the cellar -bottom with crack between the boards. This also permits circulation under the pile. Then if the piles must be made very large, square ventilators of wood made of slats and running from the top to the bottom of the pile should be put in here and there through the pile, These, with the ventilation at the sides and bottom will keep the potatoes in much better condition than if they are In a solid pile. Another good plan is to keep the potatoes in large crates made with slats dose enough together to protect the potatoes from falling. oue The ventilation between these crates assists in keeping the tubers in good condition. The temperature should be kept as near thirty-three to thirty- five degrees as possible. The cooler potatoes are kept without freezing the better. Not only are the seed potatoes injured by being 'permitted to sprout during the winter, sapping up their germinating powers, but the potatoes are injured' for eating purposes as well. And when they are held for spring sales, the shrinkage is larger where they have not been cool enough. The storage room should be arranged so that during moderate weather air may be let in during the night when the temperature is lowest. The ventil- ator should be closed during the day - time. , The einem of storing the surplus crop, not marketed direct from the field, outdoors, is growing, especially where drainage conditions permit. To store, say one thousand bushels, a hole in the ground fourteen feet wide, from four tofour and a half feet deep, and about thirty feet long, will give =file -lent space. The sides and ends in though the earth may back with poles. Fill the hole to a height of three aid a half feet with potatoes, then place small logs along the sides and roof. The depth of this s ile e1og ane elevation in the centre of Mr. Jost es cashier of a baek in New London, Wisconsin. Be bought a grade Guernsey cow, which he nam- , ed Cherry, and installed on a town lot ;because he had no farm. So he had to buy all her feed and roughage, and even bedding. But he made a seecess of his dairy -farming, though farmless, and, beinga bank cashier and used to figures, made a second ,success on top of that—a complete record of every- thing that Cherry ate, slept en, and yielded. Farmers round about, had a good deal of fun at his expense for a while, but one year later they were wining to get the banker's cost Ag - urea They wanted to know how he did it. There WAS SUCh a demand for these totes that he printed them in a 'little pamphlet, and they are re- printed in "The Ranker -Farmer," Cherry anade a profit of $117.$3 her first year, allowing $10 fertilizer value from manure. Everything that ,she ate was,weighed and charged against her. Her diet was varied--overetwo tons of mixed clover and hay with two tons more of beets, rutabagas, cull potatoes, cull cabbage, cornstalks, wheat bran, hominy, ground oats, ground barley, cornmeal, -oilmeal, and three different kinds of mixed, feeds, along with stock eonditioner, salt, and five and a half months on rented pas- ture. Her Milk was weighed daily, tested for butterfat, and the -milk and butterfat used in Mr. Jost's family credited to her account, at the price paid by local cremneries. The bank eashier had a regular schedule for feeding and milking Cherry, worked out by the clock. It took from a quarter past sio to seven ho the morning to milk and feed her, a few minutes at noon to feed and water her again, and from a quarter the roof is to be left as an air space and no straw or rubbish whatever is placed on top of the potatoes. A roof is made with poles placed close to- gether. There should be but a slight' elevation at the centre of the roof. When the poles for the roof are in place there should be a .little hay thrown over them to keep the soil from falling through. The roof should be well sodded and some of the loose dirt which lies at the side shoveled over the sod to make a total depth of sod ana earth of one foot. Then another foot of well -rotted, dry horse manure will keep the potatoes during the xnest severe weather. The natural ground heat from the bottom keeps the temperature fairly even. In a pit this size there must be provided three ventilators, each of which Is about four -by -six inches, which may be made of ordinary boards, one ventilator placed, at each end of the pile and) one in the centre. These should be put in when the sod iis being put on, and made long enough to reach out of the mulch of manure. The ventilators must be dosed in very cold weather by putting old sacks in. them and when the weather becomes frosty the centre one is kept closed all the time. No potatoes should be di- rectly under the end ventilators, a the drip of water from them might mune rot. A thermometer may be used to test the temperature. But the temperature should not go much below forty degrees in a pile of this kind. If the pit is dug four or five feet long- er than the thirty feet, and covered over, this will make an excellent place to take out potatoes early in spring without moving the remainder of the Pile. If a small quantity is to be stored and also -where drainage conditions are not good, it is advisable to exca- vate not more than six inches. The shape of the pit should be long and narrow. The potatoes shouldnot be piled too high. Good wheat straw is the best litter to use over the potatoes. This should be carefully laid with the general direction of the straw up and down the 'side of the pit and thick enough to be about six inches deep afteo a layer of earth is thrown over. it. When the Weather grows collier add more soil; then later still another lay- er each of straw and soil. Before ex- treme temperatures are here a heavy coating of clover chaff will keep the pit dry and free from frost danger. Where no chaff is available give the pit another coating of straw and a heavy application of dirt. Offoo One hundred pounds of gain from each 294 pounds of feed was the mark set by an Indiana farmer in growing hie spring pigs last summer, from the time they averaged 35 pounds until they reached 135 pounds. When I asked him how he lid it, this is what he said: "I have learned that I can grow shotes most economically during the eemmer when I feed two or three pounds of feed for each hundred pounds of liveweight on good clover pasture." At weaning time he was feeding a ration of ear corn, wheat middlings, and ground oats. The last two feeds, in equal portions, were mixed into a thick slop with a limited amount of skim milk. This ration was continued after weaning until the pigs reached an average weight of 45 to 50 pounds, the pigs getting all they would clean up twice a day. When they had reached the above weight, the grain nation was gradually reduced, and ap- proximately equal parts of ear corn, ground oats, ground barley, and wheat middlings were fed from this time until new corn was available. "I did net weigh the pigs to deter- mine how much to feed them," he said. "I simply estimated their weight and fed 2% pounds of feed. per 100 pounds of estirnated weiglit When the pigs Weighed approximately 50 pounds apiece, I fed about 14 pounds of grain per pig each day. I gradually in- treased the amount as the pigs got heavier, maintaining the ration of 2% pounds of feed per 100 pounds of live weight as nearly as possible. "txperience has shown me that I tan grow my spring pigs economically by feeding a limited grain ration, pro- vided I have good pasture for them, / like elover pasture much better than Mae grass. Blue gran is all right during the spring months, when the growth is green mul plentiful, but dur- ing the summer months it gets tough and woody. The pigs do not like it, nee does it furnish the protein and reiterate that are so abundant in fresh pasture growth. Clover growe during the summer months, lernishing a con- tinnous growth ef socculentwieh pan. time. "There't no profit in feeding a ited grain ration to pigs during the 11400,11100 gtlpsetursq 4)00,V ity, or when there is not enough of it to supply all the forage the pigs will eat When the pasture is laeldng in quality or quantity, I feed a little rnore grain; when the growth is ex- cepeionally good, I feed a little less." This method of feeding gavehim exceptionally growthy, well -grown shotes by the time new torn was avail- able, just the kind to make economical gains hogging off corn. When they went to market at seven months of age, they had eaten only g55 pounds of dry feed for each 100 pounds of gain from weaning time on. This gave him a margin of $877.68 on 83 head, after the ..cost of feed had been de- ducted. Taking into account all costs for feed, la.bor, equipment, eta, from the time the aows were bred in the fall of 1919 until the pigs were eold, the net profit was $606.01, or $7.30 per pig. With such management he will cer- tainly continue to make money in spite of lower prices. past six to seven in the evening for anilking, feeding and bedding, Her ground feed was balanced on her milk yield—for every three pounds of milk Cherry produced her owner fed her one pound of ground feed for the first nine months, then one pound to every two pounds of Milk the next nerd inonths, and a pound to every pouni and a half the laza month. She produced 10,670 pounds of milk dur- ing the year, equalling 461.33 pounds of butter, or 576.76 pounds of butter- fat, or 5,062 quarts of milk. Preserving Eggs for Winter. The comparatively low price at which eggs have been selling during the present summer is no neheation that they will be cheap next winter. The provident housekeeper will there- fore put down a supply to be used from the late autumn until the early spring. There axe two preservatives that have been found to be about equally valuable or preserving eggs good. ,condition. Water glass, or aodium silicate, is now very generally used, but some householders dislike to handle this product and therefore se- lect lime water as the preservative material. Experiments carried on for many years at the Experimental Farm at Ottawa, and referred to in Exhibition Circular No. 42 have proved the value a this solution. It is very important that the eggs be stricly fresh and those that are. stained washed clean. An ordinary creek or keg is a very suitable receptacle. Lime water suit- able for egg preservation is water carrying as much Hine in solution as is possible. About one pound of lime is sufficient to saturate 70 gallons of water, a little more than is needed in practical experience ecause of impur- ities found in the lime. From two to three pounds of lime is about the proper amount to use for five gallons of water. The method of preparation Is simply to slake the freshly burned lime with a small quantity of water and then stir the milk of lime so formed into five tgallons of water. After the mixture has been kept well stirred for a few hours it is allowed to settle. .The "saturated" lime -water is drawn The Farm Women of Canada BY EARLE W. GAGE. The new attitude of women in e'en- eral tow -eagle the land and in the de- sire so many of them evince to get back to the out -o' -doors life, has been very noticeable since the eonchteion of the war, The past two summers hundreds women and girls have flocked to "the farming districts eend toil in the 43pen air, and this has been attended with the most gratifying suc- cess. The Canadian Departznet4e-ef Labor and. other organization; rirAr* been literally besieged with encplirie from women and girls who desire work en the farms, not in a domestic cztpacity but in the open of the fields. Women took up practically every phase of man's work during the way and in the majority Of cases carried It out as ,well as her brother. When the termination of hostilities inevitab- ly. relegated many of them to their former lives and environment, it was a hard matter to take -up the old threads, and'little wonder that many of them, seeing their own land limited in opportunity, and overcrowded, look- ed across the seas to fresh green pas- tures awaiting the development of hu- man hands and minds. Since thesign- ing of the armistice with the cleiambe ilization of the army, or more correct- ly, since the availability of transport after the return of the Canadien troops, women from the British Isles and elsewhere liave crowded, the steamers arriving at Canadian ports, and thousands have made the trip via New York, rather than wait months for a St. Johns or Halifax boat. Mater were war brides but the greater num- ber consisted of those for whom war employment had gone with the Teti= of the men froan the front and Who, finding themselves belonging to a class of two million superfluous women, de- cided to start out anew in e.virgmu field where their efforts were not only obviously needed but urgently might This movement -continues unabeted and every steamer sees parties .of fresh-cheeked English women -arriving under government auspices to find Strongesmelling butter is caused by , for a zit. John's or Halifax boat. lelaty various things. The attest eommon of them belonged to various betald" cense is exposure to vessels and rooms lions of the women's army, many are that are ill -smelling. The fat of but- expexiented land workers, others fol - ter also goes through a process of de- lowed pursuits purely feminine. composition when kept too long, when Groups are bound for domestic ser - rancidity occurs. Butter that is pro- vice ethers to fruit sections for light pealy made, and kept fres from bad d land work, and still others, with lime odors, should keep °sweet, if cool, for ited capital, are taking up small pies quite a long time, -comparatively of land for themselves. Groups of wo- speaking. The feed has nothing to men go straight from the boat to linen do with it, as a rule. However, when mins and other factories, being en- tertain foods like OrtiOriS, for example, gaged in the old land and brought out are fed, the odor will be transmitted to . oy the management of thee indus- the milk. The same applies to cabbage' tries. or green i -ye. The rare is to feed these It is a burning question in the older just after milking. - countries just what opportunitiee await wemen , and. girls in Ameriea, The good layer will have not less especially Canaaa7 Isle" an organ - farmer's wife denying a. binder at harvest while her husband is on an accOmpanying machine or shocking the grain as she cuts, but this is oc- casional and the wife of the modern farmeretnds her time well occupie.d in her household duties, 'her poultry and her superintendence of the dairy- ing. There are to be found, however, a few instances in, Which womeiL(in one case a former successful Loneron jour- nalist), make a decided success op- erating a grain or mixed farm. This, however, presupposes a good deal of capital to initiate the enterprise, and such cases are very few. Four ex - army nurses- of Montreal who, evident- ly suffering from the disease of the returned soldier, thought to take ad- vantage of the soldiers' settlement act which permitted them to take sol- dier land grants for their services overseas and make the long trek to the Spirit River district of the Peace River country, in northern Alberta. Here they have taken four quarter sections, in the middle of which a eabin has been erected,, and have commenced their operations with the utmost con- fidence of success. However, such cases are exceptional, and woman's place on the large farms of the wes- tern eountry is usually as a helpmate to man, in which it must be saiel, there are 'thousands of openings. The gentler phases of farming ap- peal to women, especially the robust, sturdy out-of-doors type, and this mode of livelihood is particularly ap- pealing to those girls who worked on the land during the war, and in the experience they gained learned to love the free unteamelled In British Columbia, especially in the settled fruit areas, many women are operating small orchards or fruit farms and doing all the work entailed themselves. In the same districts, near industrial centres, many women are finding poultry raising a profitable means of livelihood and a calling which does not overtax their physical strength. Still others find a source of healthy revenue in 'beekeeping. In the Niagara peninsula and other fruit districts of Ontario the same conditions prevail, and here women are to be found wrestling a living in the pleasantest environments and working conditions from the easily yielding soil. Each year sees a mi- gration from the cities and towns to the orchards of the Pacific Coast pro- vince, ef women and girls of every profession and telling who find pick- ing and packing fruit a profitable as well as pleasurable manner of spend - - The Welfare of the Home A Canadian Product—By Mary E. Ely. The only child, that over-proteeted and unprotected little soel,. whose par- ents are so unintelligent an their de- sire to be intelligent, so inconsistent in their consistencies! He ie an appealitig ehild, even in hie most trying zoornente, and a word in his defence may soothe and eneourage those who at times misjudg-e and find him almost unbearable: "I believe all children good, If they're only understood, Even bad ones, 'pears to me, dSjes' as good, as they kin be!" The *only child is surely sinned against rather than sinning. He has much with which to conterid, this lone- some child, having no legitimate vent for his social life with those of his own kind, in years and stage of de- velopment, no one who can think his thoughts, play his games and see his little viewpoint. "At evening when the lamp is lit Around the fire my parents sit, They sit at hoane and talk and sing And do not play at anything" sang an only child, our whimsical Robert Louis Stevenson. It is com- panionship a child eraves, and an op- portundty to establith relations on his own plane with other children. Of course a little child dearly loves' the undivided attention a his elders, to be singled out as an object of at. tention, the satellite around which those loving him revolve. He is at the mercy of those person e who at dwell! overwhelm him with atteption and af- feetion as the mood seizes them, then, when the ehild lemit expects it, thrust him aside without a word, He is constantly being experimented with, and by inexperienced parents, who to follow any other profession but parenthood, the greatest one in the world, woold fit themselves for it by years of study and researeh. A nurse can keep a ehild: physically fit, she is trained for it, Parents should go into training, curb their selfish pleasures, and become sane, balanced, earnest, lovable, prayerful in their conduct toward this only child, Then he ean build right standards of behavior and control, thus producing the mentalranoral and spiritual quaila ties essential to good citizenship— A worth -while slogan provocative of thought, was released at a Child Welfare Clute—"The chief busbiess of society, to evolve parents fit for chile dren to live with," to which we might add Froebel's illuminating words "Come let us live with our children." off and poured over the eggs, previous ly placed in a crock or water -tight barrel. As exposure to air tends to pre- cipitate the lime (as carbonate), and thus to weaken the solution), the ves- sel containing the eggs should be kept covered. The air may be excluded by a covering of sweet oil, or by sacking upon which a paste of lime is spread. If after a time'there is any noticeable precipitation of the lime, the lime - water should be drawn or siphoned off an.d replaced with a further quantity newly prepared. It is important that the eggs dur- ing the whole period of preservation be completely immersed. Water -glass as purchased at the drug store is a Clear thick fluid re- sembling extracted honey. In its pre- paration the water used Should beboil- ed, and experiments have proved that the solution is thoroughly satisfactory if made a little more than half the strength recommended on the recep- tacle in which it is sold. Building Up the Ewe Frock. The comparatively low price at which wool has been selling during the present season ehould not discour- age the keeping of sheep, nor the care given the flock that are to be main- tained. Indeed, the situation affords an opportunity to improve the existing Of:elks with little outlay of money. The indications. are that the low prices are not likely to continue, more especially for the finer grades of wool, because Canadian manufacturers are learning to use Canadian wools, which are now sold in much better condition than was the ease same years ago before official grading was practiced. The best time to purchase ewes is soon after the lambs have been wean- ed. At that time the breeding and milking qualities can be readily ascer- tained, and besides, ample time is a.vailable for preparing the flock for the next crop of lambs. 'Strong, well - covered shearling ewes are seldom disappointing, and might very well constitute at least a portion ef an extensive purchase of new stock. These ewes should have the run of the stubble fields, not sown to clover or old pastures, until the end of Sep- tember, and then given access to a rape or clover field. If this green food is not plentiful, it will pay to feed a small quantity of grain to make sure the ewes are strong and thriving well when bred. This is the secret of hav- ing a large percentage of strong twins dropped. It may be well, as claimed by some, to breed from ewes them- selves twins, but even so, they must be strong and thriving well to have the best results because not only will larger reterns be assured, but the lambs will be stronger and more likely to live and do well, providing the treatment of the ewes tontinues good up. to lambing time. It is of great importance that the flock be dipped before the cold wea- ther arrives. It is exceedingly poor policy to feed a horde of sheep ticks as will be the ease if the dipping is neglected before the housing season, The details of dipping are covered Bulletin No. 12 ef the Live Stock Branch at Ottawa. It is entitled Sheep Husbandry in Canada. A Portable Water Trough. For the movable farrowing house that most swine breeders now prefer, an excellent watering trough can be made from the end ef a 50 -gallon bat- e -el. Each barrel will make two good ing a holiday. ' taoughe. Wernen of Canada may be said to Saw squarely through all the staves have tackled nrost things and nutde a about. two inches above the third hoop, fair success of them, even to attain- thus making a trough about 10 inches ing cabinet rank in the provincial deep. A circular cover is made ef than three or four fingered dietance be- Ized tween the pelvic bones and the point this class .of immigrants, mix.e1 needed ofileer of the Eritish „Columbia pee- eleats and fastened to the trough by effort is, being pm. on to secare 1 aegielatures. In feet, the presiding ene-indi 1)ine beards tailed en strong ef breast -bone; five ea six fingers, in a growing country, In Canada 'ifkalliament is none other than A woman, =delis of thumb nuts. In the edge distance would be still better, There sexes are more nearly balencedi . hehlha I the first in the entire British 'Empire of this toyer a sernieireelar openieg eliould also be good distance from the, ribe en ote side around te the riebs nitii, offers a more expansive field to wo-1 to occupy tine stately and important is cut, five inches in diameter, Whi10 4. 4. . 1 directly beneath this the edge et the on the other side. In etiter-sie6rds, the: NO tribute is too great or worthy! intimations are that girls are be. trough is out down this'll with iho lop poon. abdomen should be hove and roomy, which can be paid to the. pioneer' coining more and mere attracted to of the upper hoop, indicating that the hen has a large wives and anotherS Of the Canadiat the Active side ,of foam life, and it le This trough is tot enally epset, II capacity for the assimilation of food agricultural regional but aS a getieral. significant to note that the 1020 keeps trash and dirt out et thio water, class at the Ontario Agri- And it keep the water coal, ' It la arid for the production of eggs. The' rule agriculture is carried out on tool graduating cultural College included the first wo- more easily made than a concrete 7 -kill of the abdomen should he loosel large and expensive a scale for eveal enough to suggest an udder that hes' men to take any but a supplementaryIinan in Cdtitak tO take the 'degree of treugh, When the farrewiee bowie ie bev;*1.144,940. i part it ia not unoonnuon to see 44° RaolielOr of t etikOtifio Agriqulture. ' nteved tO clean eitol, 1 11 THE CHILDREN'S HOUR After „Harold Dean had walked, a whole mile to the home of Uncle Ike Johnson to buy a puppy, he was some- what .disappointed. Only two puppies were left, and of these the aged owner intended to keep the better one. "I'm sorry," said Uncle Ike, "but if you'd getup an hour earlier this morn., Ing and had come ever here as woo as you ate your breakfast, you'd: have had the 'chance to pick the best out, of three, besides the pup Em keepifig for myself. 'Sonny, it's the early bird that gets the worm and the early fele! low that gets what he goes after." The birds had awakened Harold that very mornin.g. He remembered• , how sweetly they had sung and how, he, wishing to arise, had delayed and delayed until—well, an hour later he had opened his eys and found the sun' fiercely greeting him and all outdoors) Would Harold buy the lone puppy) the only one for sale? Uncle Ike want -4 ed to know. There was nothing much' the matter with the baby clog, just fiappy ears and bad markings. ' "Though he isn't much for beauty," Uncle Ike said; "he's most likely sro.arter than his 'better -looking broth- ers And eisters The prettiest is hard- ly ever the best. Besides, what if he' Is Hobson's choice? He'll grow up and be a fine friend to you." Harold was puzzled. He could not figure out why Uncle Ike used those two odd words, and what the old man had in the back of his mind. "Hobson's choice?" the boy asked. "Yes," came the answer. "It's this pup right here or none." Presently Harold dug down bee" hie pocket and brought out three fifty. cent pieces and a quarter. Now how much did he pay for the puppy? "I'll call him Hobson but make it Hob for short," he said, "if you- will tell me what Hobson's choice is." Uncle Ike smiled. He sleoek his head from side to side. It was a secret and, he couldn't tell; that is, he would say no more. "Look it up in your father's big dictionary," he called after Harold! "A fellow keeps what he gets :bee working for it. Now if I should tell you, it would most likely go in one ear and straight out of the other4 Look it up yourself and you will ald ways remember it." Harold carried the puppy in his arms, for it had kind eyes and a win - ring way. When he arrived, at home he got an old-fashioned. -soup plate and filled it with milk. The new pet wig- wagged his thanks in real puppy style. A few minutes after the wee ani- inal had dined and then dropped, asleep, Harold Dean went to the stand that held his father's big dictionary. He pressed the damps and opened The big book. Ho turned to the letter "II," then to `Me," and to "Hobe" where he soon found the term be was looking for. In a corner at the bot- tom of the page he read the two words that 'Uncle Ike had spoken, also the small print that followed them. This is what Harold; saw: "Hobson's choice: take what is of-, fered or nothing—so called because Tobias Robson, an English stable, keeper, required every customer to use the horse wilt& stood nearest the, door." Just at that. moment Herold beard; a whine and some clumsy scratching, at the door. As Harold opened it the puPpy toddled between hie master4 legs. Herold stooped, grabbed the', furry .tellow, 'and said: "You wore Hobson's choice sure enough, the only ope left, and you're Hob now and forever. How S00111,\411,1 you learn your name?" , Rob soon learned to answer to hisc ramie and Harold was alevaye van glad that nob was Hobson's choice. Plant a tree. You can do that mud for the next ,generetion. Tho oak il noted for its strength; the,blue sprue for Hs formality; the birch for iIs grace; lho 'basswood for its ease; th evergreens tor their warnith, eta thel Weeping willow for its SSAUCSO. Meal ed Is the num who plants