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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1921-09-01, Page 6address eoremenieatlone o Aolonwaste 73 Adelaide et Wese Teronee The Farm Flock hi Late S;ummer, . Pullets and cockerels that feathee rapidly make the beet laying and most vieeraas farm flock. Sue b birds should be banded so that they can be retained when the fleck is culled in .the fall. L b pays to band all the hens that are held ever SQ their ages will be known and they will not be held longer than their period of us,efulnessa, or confused with birds of a younger age. Many yearling hens look much like pullets 'when the hens are thro,ugh the molt and the bands help to distinguish them. The high normal layers make the best ,breeders for the farm flock. Hens with high egg records have often proved poor breeds. The highest producers .are aptto exhaust their energy in egg production and this means low vitality in the chicks. Remember the mangels and cab- bages and keep them growing for poultry feed next winter. Green food has been proven very necessary as a winter egg producer and a means of keeping the hens healthy. If gree.n food saves the life of five htais and proeluces twenty dozen mare eggs next winter, that vvi.11 surely pay for quite a Lev hours' labor spent in weeding tla neangele and setting out the -cab- bage s. The young cockerels that show early signs cf maturity and vigor should be banded for breeders. It is assumed that they come from hens that are good layers. It pays to band a surplus o make up for any unexpected losses. If many cockerels are saved it is best to isolate them froni the pullets so , that the pullets will not be retarded in growth by beicrow' very plausible to believe thet, money can be saved by grinding home-grown graiu or grain purchased from the neighbars. For leage flecks a power -I grunter is needed. Fr small farm flocks, one of the largest size hand- griuders will prove very 'useful. Now is the time to •clean and oil the stave brooders and store them for next year. If left in the calmly hoeses they will become rusty and unclean. Stove pipes will also rust quickly ad they should be drummed out and stored en a dry room. The film of oil on the iron stoves keeps out reit and helps the stove to deliver many years of service What Makes a Bacon Rog? To produce the lean, mild -cured side known as "Wiltshire" we require a long, deem smooth pig, .possessing a light head and shoulder, an even back, not too wide, but well covered with flesh, yet not fat. The sides from back of shoulder to ham must be deep and long, the rib snort and eprung out boldly and dropping almost at right angles, the underline straight and free from flabbiness, the ham smooth and, tapering with the maxi - mem amount of flesh on the outside. The pig should stand on strong, but net coarse, well balanced legs and feet and must be vigorous, healthy and a Tuberculosis in Cattle. British health officers believe that if tuberealosie cotitcl$e en,tirelY eradt- cetecl from dairy cattle, the cemplaint would be reclaced at least fifty INv emit. in hue= beings. How 1);.uekil-' 3 in this direction may became may thus be well understood: By co- overatio4 between the Dcfpeinion ani provincial departments of Ageicultu great dell has been, a 'eed is being a coMpliShed. CaDadA, has been proved to p,ossess the beelthiest live stfeek any country, The adeptioe of the Ac- credited Herd Plan is in the way of achieving much toward the perpetteat ton of good health, particularly in OUT dairy cattle. In 1917 the plan wae introduced, the United States and has proven eminently sueceesful. Two years later it was adopted in this country, land already there is evidenee of numb. d h g been taught about, especially as animals belongiog to heeds proven to be absolutely dealt and in receipt of certificates to that effect can be freely exported to the United States, At the end of July last in this eountry 522 herds were undergoing the tuberculin test to en- able them to cntalify for certificatee. At the same time there were 100' names' of herd proprietors on wait- ing list, and so numerous were the; applications for the serviee, and the consequent demands upon the Health : of Animals staff, that over 220 otheaa , had to be temporarily refused. Up to the period mentioned no fewer than 30,362 tests and retests had been made and 3,319 reactors had been condemn., ed, necessitating the 'payment of $396,464 in com,pensetion. The extent of the work carried on in the United States will be undwatood when it is bated that this, year Congress- at a 'good feeder. This is the kind of pig needed foe both home and foreign maekets. He is a type, not a breed. As a rule the weight limits of the baron hog are fixed at 160 to 200 lbs,. live weight. At the same time, a beg may weigh slightly more than 200 lbs. and still make a good Wilbehire um 11ie side. Most hoes are, however, liable feed hoppers and trampled: when the, to be too fat'' after they reach the scratch grain is scattered on the 200 -lb. mark. range. I We must produce a regular supply. When a breeder has a little „success , We earavot go into the business for with poultry he is often te,mpted to: six months of the year and th,e.n go want to raise enough to cover a eoun-' out of it for six months without hay- ty. Then it is good to advance care-, ing a general average of price that is fully and remeanber that quality is unprofitable both to producer and very important and a few poor hens ' packer. Such a course breaks trade in a large flock will ,cut down profits connections, loses customers and ul- rapidly. Large poultry flocks requiretim,ately results in a cutting of prices much equipment and the work is con- on the part of the packer to get these fusing and discouwa,ging unless the customers back. The farmer must pay breeder is skillful and hes plenty of the price for this irregularity. The capital and equipment on Wthich to ' British buyer must have the assurance exercise skill. of a regular supply, otherwise he will Egg production and milk production utilize sources where the supply is are often tom:pared as if they were dependable. In ,ehert, our suPply mast quite similar. But the caw produces be organized to meet the supply of one ea.if a year and the furnishes -bhe trade. If the market wants hogs food for the calf. The hens, fortes the in September, then October market- peesibility of a lively chiek veith every ing will not do. Itetesty, suit our,,e011- • Agege.A.T94FgeicletefilVeletilaeP';:m0V4g.,, br„eteetearebe teirockoe herself and If is this irregularity in the pro- 1.311114,alatoile• hen thaVilatifingeheevWmonstaritealiiii: 1'4'4 that is a greater strain onthe vitality duction of our hogs that has been wrongfully teemed over -production. be A study of our Canadian market er. shows sueh irregularity of mrawketing re to exist. ne The above extracts are from a, earn. op pidet, "The Bacon Hog and the British At Market," issued. by the Department of -y Agriculture. Supplementing this in- to formation is the statement in a sec- ose ond pamphlet, "B,acon Pigs in Can- ada," by Dr. J. H. Grief:tale when at the Central Experimental Farm, that m "Pigs ost neerly conforming to the requirements are found in greatest numbe.r% among Large Improved Yorkshires, Tamworths and Berk- shires and among their grades and cross-be-eds. The Large Improved Yorkshires in shape come very nearly being ideal bacon pigs. They furnish a very large proportion of carcasses answering t.he requirements of the beet bacon trade. The hams are well developed, and the proportion of fat to lean is usually about right. Tarn - worths, red pigs, are almost invari- ably deep -sided and leng-bodied, but are not infrequently rather light in the ham. Berkshires, black erige, in conformation. are not quite so well suited for the bacon trade as some of the other breeds, but they are very 'well suited for pasturing.'' than is the ease with the cow giving directly resfponsible for what is often A few eapons for home use will greatly appreciated, during the wint But a set of team tools is net a su road to profit with ,cockerels. Cape must have plenty of feed 'to d,evel large frames and plenty of meat. the present cost of growing poulfb. meat it does not seem possible make much profit on capons. Th ia axe raised must be skillfully mar- keted where they are appreciated. A visit to the poultry show at the Fair is often a stimulus to the poul- try keeper on the farm. Visits with other breeders are often encouraging. The sight of many fine birds inspires the poultry keeper to make mere effort in the management of his own stack. .A n 1 the poultry show is needed to kcee up the intesest in the standard. bec ft fowls. It seems as if the time has arrived when the home feed grinder should -go 'with every poultry flock of any size. With these grinders it is pos- sible to crack small grains and save the buying of fine chick scratch vain. Corn ean also be cracked for the .growing stock. On rainy days the grain for mash can be ground up and mixed. At the present price of grain ihrecle nernin,ercial dry mash it seems Good Livestock Pays More Than Good Crops. A survey of 242 farms in Durha county, Ontario, just issued by the De partnient of Farm E,00nomice, furnish en renewed proof that good livestee Is a more patent factor in the succes of mixed farming than are good crops The following is a summary of th eonelusions in the recent report o the survey. It shows the returns whic the fanners concerned received fo their* year's work whieh varied ac eaearing to the crops they raised, plu - the quality of the lieestock they kept On Farms with poor crops: the keeping and breeding of bettex livestock ---all about twice the inereas,- es due to growing better ,erops. le "Livestock le the market through - whieh the mixed farmer seals the - greater portion of his etops. If then, k the quality of his stock ranks law in $ quality, the prices he receives for his • grain, hay, silage and roots will be e correspondingly low, showing the fu - f tility of growing large erope to h market through poor etock. a' "Thus it can he safely stated that - the .greatest single factor making for S succesafful livestock farming, either : beef or dairy or mixed, is A higher quality of livestock." Labor income from— Poor livegtock 27.0 Average livestock 824.0 Good It/yea-tack ----------1,676.0 On Farms with average crops; Labor income from— Poor livestock . „,$ asz.00 Average livestock 1,568.00 Good livestock 1,729,00 On Parma witk gciod crops: Later income front -- Poor livestock •. • 744.00 Average livestOck ...... 1,416.00 Good livestock 1,254.00 "InoteaScs efte156, On and $717 ran be credited," the report adds, "to tto grbwing ef Utter Oreille, and $M, e.:-/ end $1,344 cat be trollied to o Rules for Harvesting Apples. 0 1. Pick lower limbs first. 2. See 0 that the ladder is pushed into the tree gently so as not to knoek eff or bruise the fruit. 3. Hang the basket so as ,to be able to pick with both hands. 4. Lay the apples in; not drop ow throw them. 5, Pick no epecketi apples. 6. Pick no mall, green ones. 7. Do not take tnneh thne picking a b3W. Hide .S.V.PiaS out of teach.' 8. In emptying, peer gently, as you would eggs. 9, Do not set -one basket or crate tei another so tat the apples below will be bruised. 10. Litt and set down gently all rililect erates, 11. Use spring wagon in 'hauling, avoid rough ground, Washington voted five. million dollars for eampeasation and eateries. To „receive a certifieate of Arcerealtatiofl herd muet peas three eemi-genual tests withoet a reactor and at the end of a eear he. ealijeet to anothe,r teet. CA) far the work has been confined to purehred herds, but there is a liken - heed of its being exteede,d, with in- creased grants for expenditure, to eommercial arade herds of dairy eattle. fldw to Feed Rabbit.; A rabbit is the dewiest, most par- ticular animal wben it comes to eat m. g: lie will go hungry rathe,r than eat some things he does not want He is a vegetarian, but does not care for ragweed nor mustard; he will nibble at curled dock or pigweed, aad rather likes plantain and mallow. When given the chance, rabbits search, out clover; they eat the flowers first, then the leaves and stems. Sometimes even the roots are dug up, for bunny dces love clover! Young rabbits require little but their mother's milk for the first six or eight weeks. Once a day they can be given a me ixturof bread and mine and after the first month hay and grain can be g ua y introduced. Oats, are the only suitable grain air rabbits, and meet be crushed for the Tittle .fellows under three months of age. Also, mix in a little bran. Feed twice a day, except when a doe is itureieg. Give her a noon meal. In slimmer the larger. part of each meal should be green stuff—clover, plan- tain and grasses. 'Lawn cuttings are good. Hay is a necessary part of the rab- bit's diet, but it must be sweet and free from- meld. Some breeders keep • The Ideal I wonder if every Wonsan is posses- sed with a mania for ripping to pieces' and making over. There's the matter' of houses. I never movecl intaathouse —with one exception— that I didn't immediately -Want ls move, a few rooms ,araund, stretch some out and make some smaller, no matter howwell I thought T was gulag to like it before. Especially the kitchens.- Of course, men. growl at this propensity,, but that is beea.use theyedo not have to do the wark. The reason meet' houses do not suit women is because a man plans and builds' them. Very seldom do you find a himee planned by a -woman. That is why moat kitchens the sink is so le* you nearly break your back eveg time. you wash the dishes. I was nc. one the other day where the only way a woman Of medium height could ever enalte use of the kink would be to sit down. The cupboards are invaziably in the wrong corner of a nrareenad,e kitchen, the stevetawfarefrantethaftable4Sait be Pitaind'Atlfe'$dheiry,'if they cori descend to give you one at all, as far from the. stove and your table as it can be put. niulk,' I have had six kttchen workshope :The sink was high enough from the 414,y,.. to allow me to stand upright. Indeed; 1 could rest my arms on the ed*pe while I washed dashes. It was large, enough to hold both dishpans atf,once At the left of the sink, be- tween it and the cupboard's, was a table, covered with zinc, and .with ene broad shelf beneath. This inedeean.idear cupboard for dishpans, scouring niateri,al, extra soap, baking bin, etc. The remaining space in the bottom. of the cupboards was divided into space for a flour bin and drawers for dishtowels, kitchen aprons, cutlery: and paper. I kept -the spices, flavor- ing, etc., in the cupboard over the finite bin. Without moving from the table I could reach everything I need- edWith which to bake. At the right of the sink was a Weeder. -drip board, grooved, running 'Irene. sink to west wall. Alongside ofthis stood 'the range, and peat north ,of„the,renge the door leading into the - Over this L':doditt4i&I‘aliet;is*Cin :Wetlithestraneem open and the kichen 'Veladow open a tiny crack at the bot- tom, odors and ,stearn. were sucked out- side. 'Standing at the sink I could by on,e seep xeach,stoere or cupboard. Bake in my housekeepeng days, and wily one, ing was EIF dream, and meal -getting ,Z /1/MG R,0041 1 C OA T HA L L a OS el' 4 Pr czorlfeij •cHur PANTRY' 4/20A6CW has suited me. Of course, it was a city kitchen, but the arrangement would he perfectly practical for a country home. With a washroom ad- joining, it would be large enough, too for the real work Of a kitehen, prepar- ing food. This kitchen was 12x13 .feet, The entry from the living -room was through a hall, out of which went both cellar stales and stairs leading to the upper rooms. This hall made it pos- sible to keep the ,sniells of cooking from the livingrrown. It opened into the kitchen in the east side, next to the north wall. From this doorway to the south wall were cupboards with two doors, reaching from floor to call, ing, ' It the middle of the south wail were two windows five feet from the floor, beneath which was the sinik, with 1 -Apes going into the wall instead of into the floor. This made it easy to clean tiroend under the eink, as there were no pipes to eatch the dirt back of then], but this arrangement proved the one flaw in an otherwiee peefect "kitchen. In beading, the pipes had not been perfectly protected :ream the cold, end every winter they froze up. Buildees have told ine, however, that this might have been avoided, by pro- tecting the pipes where they entered the wall with an extra eoat of cold. and go slow eteept on smooth road, defying material, I C1j 111 DO WN Hill a/P.90,4RD 1748LE TCHE /V 00 00 51011 took eo few steps you couldn't get tired. The entry to the dining -room was on the north side, opposite the sink. Between the two rooms was 'a pantry 'with immense cupboards which held dishes and dining -room supPlie3. Thera were drawers here for table linen and sneer. Under the window was Space for the refrigerator'with outside itlrip, and the clethes chute, for dropping soiled linen into the laundryin the basement. To Me it was an ideal arrangernant. Some women might object to the pan- try beiliWeen kitchen and dining -room, bat the few extra steps it made were to me More than offset by ;the fact that it effectually sleet off a. 'view of the kitchen.from the dining -roam, ard also helped to keee out odors. There was no room in the kitchen for loung- ers, only space for one chair next the pantry door, and 'al:4 was 80 bbviously hi the waY that it disediraged visitors sitting there long. Th'4, might also be a drawback to eome women, but if ycu are one of the sort who can't work ,ancl talk, And do not like to stay in the kitchen fereven it is a good plan, r a)Wa-s kept a high stem slipped under the eink'board for my owneese. It was the wok of a moment to p mil it eut yea alt flown tc prepare vegetables or fruit foe a n eal, or even to dry dishes .The • .11104te .of 1:60 B�me Art and the Little Child . • Art is a big word to use in con- nection with a little child who at present is able ix,disting only the primary colors, and whose drawing are a faabastic seribble. But all the child is going to be grows out of what he is and all that he is going to have gdievpienngdsllowupon the wisdom of our When we ask ourselves what art means to a human being we soon answer our own question by saying: Art is a means of happizie,ss and a rneans of expression. If we ask fur- ther, whether it may be both to all, we reply: It may be a means of happiness to all, and although to to only a few can it be a! way of adequate expression, yet I there is little doubt that everybody, if carefully trained, can to some de- gree, express himself through art. The importance of art then is not the pos.- sibility that we may discover and de- velop a few masters, but that we may Open to all the people new pathways of self-expression and happinese. The begiening of every aft 'is in appreciation. The wise mother te.clay does not have her child "begin music" by sitting hine down, reluctant, at the piano and having him "take" music lessons, like an inoeulation. She sew to it that he hears much good music from the cradle days until he is, as ' it were, saturated with music, and is . eager to find some way of expressing ' music with his voice and fingers. And so the way to help a child to art is to help him to feel for color, to! rejoice in fire and sunlight and sha- dows, to enjoy tracing out happy de- signs, and perhaps best of all, to learn to love pictures. The homeliest 'playthings may be a used to develop the color -sense. Bright I bits of pottery, marbles, scraps of g cloth, shells, flowerer. gold -fish, all w afford d,aily opportunities and even a! t display of 'bright fruit preserves oi I elualinum dishes in the kitchen and fthe pee of well -selected peint and vvall-papers may accustom a child to i good taste in the humblest home. All studies that have been made of , children's interest la pictures indi- cate that their first liking is almost wholly for the story. They are TrOt very particular about the color, and they have no inborn taste for the Old Masters. The people in the pictures are their friends, and it is the drama- tic rather than the esthetic cansidera, tion that effects them. Thls„ suggests what we are to do. Let us select book -pictures and pic- tures, for the home ev,alls that tell beautiful stories in a beateani way. Let us implant images" that will al- ways be treasures worth vvhile, both because they are good art and because they are eternally inaphin,g. Having done what we can, early and often, tohelp the child enjoy calor and see beauty in nature and the home, having made good pictures his friends, we may expect to find him ready to make slime efforts at self- exPression through pictures. Good sense tells us that .we should place within his reaoh a few strong colors, eeaste medium and models largely of, his own chwasing. Soft crayons furriath the 'best first medium and adequate colors. His Bret efforts will. be to portray an idea rather than an mage. If he starts to make a night pictury it will probably consist Of a row 'ref stars. Design rather ' than drawing, will be his mood, and his efforts to portray- action will be ex- tremely "impressionistic." Freedom, joy and vigor rather than accuracy should be the aim. Tracing is useless rid copying vain, but the young child who makes pietures his other len- uage, who tries to say s,ornething ith his fingers, has begun to climb he "Delectable 1VIountains" hay before the rabb'ts all the time, figuring to lessen the appetite far "greens." Tao much green stuff is sure to make the very young pot- bellied. Never feed green stuff when it is wet with dew or rain. The adult rabbit that has a liberal meal of green food in the morning -will relish a handfulofoats and some alfalfa in the evening. Rabbits, must have green food in the winter too. Beets, kale and turnips are good,, though if the turnips are wilted they have little food 'value. Some raisers condemn cabbage; though I have seen no bad results from its moderate.use. Watch the amount of grain food, consumed; if it isnott cleaned up, reduce the ration talet is. Trampled 'and „soiled.. -13a is wasted, as rabbit food—he is too much of an epicure to eat it unless very hungry. If the rabbits seem troubled with looseness of the bowels, cut down on the green food, and mix some flour with the grain. Fresh water should be *before them all the time, and a piece of melt salt. The latter will make milting of the food unnecessary. In winter, rabbits should have a warm mash once a day, preferably in the morning. Give the nursing doe all of this +she ,will eat. One good mash Is made of ground alfalfa, wheat bran, rolled oats, equal parts, . with some a chopped -up vegetable like carrots. Corn fodder makes a pleasant change occasionally. Be extremely careful in experimenting on the rabbits,' food, and guard particularly against bowel trouble. • A County Library. • Reading has been the source of education and inspiration to most of our great men. Books have been their treasures through their trials and their successes. In some places everywhere there are families in whose homes books are unknown. In such homes., the people live within themselves, as their lives are limited to their own experiences. They de not know the joy of drawing from the world's accumulated knowl- edgeeand inspiration as preserved in books. In these homes boys and girls' are growing up to take their places in the world's activities.. It is of public con- cern that they be educated for effi- cient citizenship. They need access to good books so that their education may be broad, A county library will meet the neede of these young folks and their parents.. It .will meet the needs of all rural residents who are interested in books, as it will bring to them, to a certain degree, the conveniences, of a library system such AS exists in moat good- sized towns and cities, A county library is supported by coenty taxes It lends books and magazines free to anybody in the county. Distribution may be Made by a book track whiclj makes, regular trips to the homee of the, fanners; collections of books may he placed in stores, schools, churches, granges and other rural societies, or the rural de- livery may be used for distributing the book, and branch librariesi may be established I1 towns, and villages. The whole system should be in charge of 6xpeTience4 libettene who would be Willing to give mimed and informa- tion in person, by Mall or over the telephone. Towns end cities with fax supported libraries already establiehed ean core tinue their independent libraries, in which cast they would be taxed for the county library system. THE CHILDREN'S The Filipinos, like all Oriental ' - races, use rice as their principal ter - eel food. This rice is cultivated, under great handicaps. Most of the large rice -growers in the vicinity of Manila plow their fields \ail one -handled steel plows drawn by water buffaloes e or carabaos. The rice is transplanted from seedebeds, harvested by hand and threshed. in a community machine. In a very mountainous section of the Philippine Islands the inhabit -pats .,„heivie only the very steep mountain- sides on which to raise their crops of riee. Those who -see the hillside be- fore the preparation for farming be- gins would say that it was utterly ime poesible; but to these neountaineersit is net imposisible, for they must have rice, and this land is the only place on which they can raise it. So they set to work with sticlos and bare hands and actually terrace a steep mountain- side, making level sections on which * to plant their crops. Rocks end stones are all talcen out end laid aside in order to build a wall around the ter- t, races, for rice needs plenty nf water and these sections m.ust Nelda the water that is diverted infto them. Sometimes these walls are very high, but average 'about fifteen feet and wide .enough so that the tops can be u.sed as pathic along which the farm- ers walk. These terraces are irrigated by streams of water far up in the moun- tains. Among other interesting things seen it the Philippines are the c'Ira- baos, the burden4bearers of the Is- lands. Not only do they do the plow- .ing in the rice and cornefields, but they are used for heavy hauling of v11 sorts. Work -horses as we know them in this, eoinetry are seldom seen in the Philippines, as they do not thrive in the hot climate. The horses there are small and much like our ponies, and are Used almost entirely for carriage purposes. The carabaos are very do - elle animals, and the natives seem to be able to guide, them wherever they wish with orgly a single line or perla,ps none. Mien they are not working they are usually found in some of the ntany esteros or waterways, wallow- ing in the mud, OT grazing on the “canabao lettuce?' The picturesque nips huts of the natives are interesting when you think that they have been ,constracted withoat a foot of lumber, a nail, a pound of hardware, without paint, plaster, Numbing, stone, brick, or tile.; Yet they wifthstand earthquakes and, Istorm lug heat, and are picturesque as weN. In certain parts of Manila one may sea see rows of these iipa huts. " 1 Knock off the shoes and turn 'the, horses in pasture for a week or sod when summer -work is .over. BROUGHTON 't BLOWOUT BOOT Made entirely Of STEEL WM hold 1,000 lbil, pkoputtra. Saves buying nevr Ores, 13est for em - Greener, The Spare Tire in the tool ' box, 'MATS for thewareie of intim, ran* hands tho emy teals you'll need. At an iobbere and dealers, :geillient. Neat, Cheap, 'Quick and Nofiskid. WO enetautee °ace 'ICBM. Akarito witlitocl b±7 , IThe 0110. It tiltblimitt ols 00. lee ineeluetee tit, W., torrotite. .. See OA at Ckft Vitt Mcbtbefort 10104