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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1926-08-19, Page 7The AultcrgYiobrle MAIN FACTORS OF GAS ENGINE. ARE EXPLA.INE ., Under the hood of the modern auto- the end of the cylinder, another valve, mobile is a marvelous mechanism. .called the exhaust valve, ie caused to With very little attention from the open and the burned gas is allowed to ear% owner this piece of machinery escape from the cylinder into the goes on day after day performing the muffler. The muffler provides a eham- Servicefor which it was designed, bet in which the gas cools and silently 'Without this dependability the motor- escapes to the air. fist's life would be hectic indeed. I The action of the engine is divided This is the gasoline engine now used into five points. First, the piston in practically all automobiles in this' travels outward and draws gas from country, It consists in its simplest the carburetor through the open inlet form, of a singe cylinder something' valve into the cylinder. Second, the like a stovepipe. Inside of this cylin•-! inlet valve closes, the piston travels der slides a plug o1 metal, shaped to inward and the gas is compressed into fit the interior of the cylinder snugly:' a small space at the top of the cylin- This piston Is connected to a -crank by, der. Third, a spark occurs igniting means of a connecting rod which the gas and causing it to expand. This transforms the back -and -forth or re-! forces the 'piston outward and pro- eiprocating motion of the piston into' duces the power which drives the ma - a rotary motion. In the automobile' chine. Fourth,. the exhaust valve this rotary motion in turn is transmit- ted to the rear wheels.. Engines in motor vehicles are now made up of from four to twelve of these cylinders coupled together: They are most usually found in a combina- tion of six cylinders. However, there are many four -cylinder cars and some A lubricating system is embodied in have eight and twelve cylinders. While, the engine so as to keep the pistons the original motor car engine had butt and other sliding parts from excessive one cylinder, a larger number of cyl- opens and the burned gas is forced out as the piston goes inward. Fifth, when the piston has reached the fur- thest inward position the cylinder is ready to take in a new charge of gas and repeat the cycle. OIL SUPPLIED AUTOMATICALLY. finders were added as greater power and flexibility were desired: The tend- ency now is to greater use of six and eight cylinder machines. CYLINDERS ACT ALIKE. To understand -the operation of the single cylinder is to appreciate the ac- tion of the twelve -cylinder engine • or any other number. The twelve cylin- ders do the same number., work as the eing'lle cylinder except that each does it at a different time. By way of eaueing the engine .to generate power a,.niixture of gasoline and air in th•e forin of a vapor is fed into the cylinder above the piston. To provide this mixture a carburetor is attached to the. engine and a valve is furnished which opens to permit the mixture to enter at the proper time wear. This :automatically supplies --ail to all the bearings whenever the en- gine is in operation. To keep the tremendous heat of the burning gas from overheating the en- gine, a cooling system is provided. This usually consists of jackets for. water, which are located around the cylinders so as to absorb some of the heat, a radiator on the front of the car for cooling the water and a pump to keep the water circulating through the cylinder jackets and the radiator. Then there is an igniter for distri- buting the sparks to the different cyl- inders at the proper time, an electric generator for providing electricity to cause the spark, a battery in which to store the current generated, and an electric motor operated by the battery for cranking the engine in starting. This valve is opened by a cam which These are the main factors in the is driven by a suitable gearing at- modern gasoline automobile engine. ta.ched to the crankshaft. With an ordinary car 'it will give de - This mixture is compressed in the cylinder and then ignited by means of a spark which occurs at the spark plug. When the mixture is ignited it burns rapidly and produces heat. This -in turn causes pressure on the piston, forcing it to slide in the cylinder and through means of the connecting rod to turn the crank. The piston having been forced to pendab:e service to the motorist over a long period of time. Ink. And a small drop of ink, Falling like dew upon a thought, pro- duces That which makes thousands, perhaps millions think. —Byron. Conal nercie1 Fish Proiiuction - in Western Canada. The value of production of the•coam- mercial fisheries of the three Prairie Provinces and the Yukon Territory in 1925, as reported by the Dominion I3ureau of Statistics, was $2,380,526, an increase over the preceding year of $307,591. Manitoba andAlberta ehow increases in value while slight de- creases are shown for Saskatchewan and Yukon Territory. Pickerel, white- fish and tulllbee, in the order named, are the principal kinds of fish in Mani- toba; whitefish a'id trout in Saskatche- wan; whitefish, pickerel and pike in Alberta, and salmon in the Yukon Ter- ritory.. The catch of whitefish in the provinces and teiritory under review amounted to 115.520 cwt., valued at $1,044,852. This value) represents 44 per cent. of the total value of the com- mercial fisheries of the provinces and terri tory. Recipe. for Summer. For perfect strawberrying wait till the sun is high And take no basket. Let the fields be warm Down to their roots. Then choose a meadow Of sheeted daisies mixed with butter- cups, Sloping if possible to an expanse of e ea. As.,a protest agai:nst'the Mellon-Berrenger Debt Agreement, 20,000 French war veterans recently paraded past the George Wasitingwe stittue in Paris. The photograph was taken after they had visited the Aro de Triomphe and laid a -wreath there. France's debt problem may be expressed by the fact that the franc at present is worth less than three cents instead of the normal twenty cents. Cosmetics of Tutankhamen Exhibited to British Scientists London.—.A tiny vial, contain- ing cosmetics used by Tutankh- amen 3,300 years ago, .found in the alabaster coffer in his tomb, was pro- duced at the British Association meeting at Oxford by Chanston Chapman, an eminent chemist, to whom it has been entrusted for an- alysis. - Scientists of -both sexes smelled eagerly at the vial, which gave off a strong odor of- cocoanut; but Mr. Chapman said the analysis had pro- gressed far enough to make it certain that there is no palm kernelorcocoa- nut fat in it. He hinted that what the Bible calls "spikenard" might be found. The body of the ointment ap- pears to be animal fat. Should a formula be found for the manufacture of King Tut's facial cream it may be put on the market. Coal Strike Enables Londoners to See the Sun London.—English industry is suf- fering from the continuance of the coal strike, but - English weather is benefitting from the stoppage: Not since the last coal strike has the at- mosphere been so clear and the visibil- ity so good. On the longest day of the year Londoners could see the Sur- rey Hills, forty miles away—a treat rarely vouchsafed to them. In spite of the fact that the normal total of sunshine in June and early July was far below normal, Central cold winter nights, London had a considerable excess. The _friendly shade screening you Westminster had about fourteen hours from the summer sun. more sunshine than the June average My fruits are refreshing drafts, —all on account of the delightful ab- Quenching your thirst as you Journey sence of smoke. Black -Eyed Susans. The sky was the bluest blue, The clouds were the fluffiest white, As over the hill we went, we two, To look for a now delight. And we found it not far away In a field near a singing brook; A riot .of color so gay That we lingered awhile to look. Then I lifted he over the fence For her age is—well, not quite three,. And we hardly knew where to pooe4 menoe To harvest a treasure so free. Oh, the Black-eyed Susans, pretty lit- tle Susans, Suck a lot of Susans, in frocks of orange -gold. How my little maiden loved their tawny brightness, How we kept on gathering all her hands would hold! And her own frock was yellow, dark her eyes are, too, ',Ty dear Black-eyed Susan, so glad I am she grew. —Katharine Allison MacLean in Chris- tian Scien me Monitor. Spaniards and Trees. In Spain, according to Eleanor Els- ner, in "Spanish Sunshine," It is not unusual to find signs like the following (which Miss Elsner saw near a fine tree in one of the parks in Seville) : To the Wayfarer. Ye who pass by and would raise your hand against me, Hearken ere you harm me! I am the heat of your hearth on the Germans Are Rebuked in Von Bissing Will I am the beam that holds your house, The board of your table, The bed on which you lie And the timber that builds your boat. London Ani 8.—In his will Baron I ani the handle of your hoe, Adg. The door of your homestead, Walter von Bissing, half-brother of The wood of your cradle - the General von Bissing who, as Mili- And the shell of your coffin. tary Govern -or of Belgium in the Great • I am the bread of kindness and the War, allowed the death of Edith flower of beauty. Cavell, reaffirmed his dislike for Ger- Ye who pass by, listen to my prayer: Be sure the clover is abundant there. pians, often expressed during the con- Harm me not! So that you breathe its fragrance with filet. Born a German,he became a The Spaniard has a great admiration each breath.g naturalized En Lishman, and a res If birds- are singing, pause to listen to dent of Sussex. He died recently in for all trees, and this is one of his San Remo, Italy. ways of showing it.—E. A. thein, Till sight and smell and sound are all "I desire particularly to express," British Incomes Would commingled he wrote in his win, "in the most em- . In one emotion; then facing north, phatic and precise terms, that under Looktoryour berries near the redden- no circumstances whatever is any Ger- ing leaves, Allow $1.25 Per Family TINY TINY STANDARD PIANO PRESENTED TO QUEEN FOR HER DOLL'S HOUSE The Queen's collection of dell's house furniture has been augmented by a standard piano on a three-ineh scale in the form of an inkstand. It is made of satinwood and, white it cannot be played, it is outwardly per- fect and complete, even to the pedals. The occasion of the presentation was a visit of the King and Queen to the Broadwood piano factory, in East End, London. They received an enthusias- tic demonstratipn in the decorated streets. Their tour of the factory Lasted an hour and a half, and in- cluded inspection of instruments manu- factured by the firm since 1790, in- cluding n cluding the Broadwood used by Chopin. Ten employees were introduced to the King and Queen whose collective terms of. service totalled 528 years. Queen Mary's- do'l's house also boasts a miniature phonograph, which really plays. It is a cabinet model four inches high and plays records one and five -sixteenths inches • In diameter. It took seventy persons to turn out this instrument, and, when it was fins fished there was considerably more dif. Realty in making records to fit It. But the realism had to be complete, and at last the makers managed to get a few bars of "God Save the King" on a tiny disk. Other pieces in its reper toire are "Rule Britannia," "Home;' Sweet Home," "Men of Harlech" and the "Blue Bells of Scotland." The musical instruments, like everything else In the miniature English mansion,' are constructed on a scale of one inch to the foot. The other arts have not been stinted in the doll's house, the library of which contains thumbnail copies of all the standard authors, a specially auto- graphed volume of Kipling, with some never before printed poems and con- tributions from the foremost living writers of England. Its thirty-six rooms are decorated with beautiful stamp -size tapestries and pictures. Sir William Orpen painted the two-inch representations of the King and Queen. German Workmen Get $9.56 Weekly Average Berlin.—The average skilled work- man in the fifteen leading German in- dustries earns the equivalent of $9.56 a week of forty-eight hours, the Min- istry of Industry and Commerce re- ports. From this wage the employers deduct for the Federal government an income tax averaging nine per cent. for single persons and eight per cent. for married. The organized building trades work- ers, plutocrats of German labor, draw $13.15 a week. Miners rank second with $11.70. The average weekly pay -of unskilled male workers is $7.75. The cost of living .as shown by official le - ports is almosas high as that outside of metropolitan districts in the United States. Strikes are few because jobs are scarce. Forty-eight adults out of every 1,000 men, women and children are jobless in Berlin. WIII Not Blend. The Fascist Government is trying to popularize the potato in order to save wheat by minimizing the consumption London.—Not more than 1,000 able- o maccaroni and spaghetti, but some - man, whether a relation of mine or how an Italian and a potato seem about And, having found them, pick the otherwise, to have any voice or right bodied idle rich in this country draw as far apart as an Irishman and spag- ripes�t onesy guardianship b incomes exceeding $50,000 a year from or bring - !mor over the hildrenns Ip. • investments, according to Sir Josiah, And eat without delay, staining .your ing up of my c Von teeing visited Canada in 1921. Stamp, eminent economist, and Dawes lingers— { — .—.I..--.. __ Plan expert, who addressed the Brit - So you will find the recipe for summer. —Elizabeth J. Coatsworth. Gratitude. Theftofa Hedge. I Once in a long while some boy or A handsome privet hedge surround- girl we have tried to help returns to ed the home oY .S. Foster Hunt at speak the golden word of gratitude, Providence, R.r., but someone stole 15 ' whereat we take fresh courage to do , feet of it. The hedge, deep rooted, proour little share toward the. happiness ',whole people, there would not be more of another. Recentlya girl of twentythan $1.25 additional for each family. vided • a difficult and tiresome task of _ removal, and it was obtained only by Icaned? I and in conversation remarked: Mistakon, dint of great digging and pulling, but I "I have your picture in a lodket and The steward stood at the head of the apparently no one saw the thief and', 1.° carry it always close to my heart." gangway of one of thio large liners, and ho worked undisturbed until he had. When doubt was, jokingly" expressed for the benefit of the arriving passeu As on his first great flight, from dug up enough to start a new hedge of she pulled up the locket from some gets kept shouting: "First class pas- England to Capetown and back, Cob - his own,hidden recess and opening it.revethat sengers to the right! Second-class to ham saw on his journey over land and a much crumpled newspaper cut that the leftl" sea to Australia, many strange sights, --- Pacific's Great. Size. had been printed years before.- She A young woman stepped carefully 1 Somewhat off the beaten path, and so Explained. In area the Pacifico ocean is greater seemed as proud of it as .though it aboard with a baby in her arms. shunned by tourists, on Elms. Island, looking For two sum - and that of all. the land in the world. were a two -hundred -dollar miniature; As she hesitated beside the steward near Austra�ia, he saw in captivity "Why are YOU g and when presented with a better one mer resorts? isn't one enough for he bent toward her and asked: "First two live dragons such as the one St, The secret of happiness is not doing, still oarried away the old' one that or second?" Eng_and's patron saint, slew. /our khat one likes, but, liking what one had done good service for several'Oh,"George, monsters wi.icli are found only "Sure, but 1 want another one for ears.—J. J. Ife.so. said the girl, her face flushing, , my wife:" - , has to do. y oh, dear, it's—it's not mine." on Komodo Island, near Bima, ap- The Noise Reminded Mutt of a Glass of Beverage. ish Association. Many rich people, he said, do important work for which they are not paid. If all the incomes in Great Britain in excess of $1,250 a year were pooled, and, after deducting the present tax, distributed among the Increase in Registration of Silver Foxes in Caraada. Close to 70,000 pedigreed sliver foxes have been registered by the Canadian Live Stock Records since the inauguration of the work in 1919. With the announcement during 1925 that be- ginning on January 1, 1926, only those foxes which are by registered . sires and out of registered dams are eligible for registration, there was such a rush for registration before the books were .closed to foundation stock, resulting in a great increase over-previoua years. In 1919, the first year of record. Ing foxes, 805 pedigrees and 152 trans- fers were recorded; in 1924 the totals were 8,345 pedigrees and 5,002 trans• fers, while last year the figures were 36,297 pedigrees and 10,747 transfers. In all 66,900 pedigrees have beenere- corded since the beginning. Conscience Money. The war office has received £5 anonymously from a London man as conscience money. Romans Had Many Slaves. Slavery was commercialized by the Romana, some of whom had 10,000 slaves. llappiness is perfume you cannot p.lur on others without getting a few' drops on yourself. AIRMAN FINDS AWE-INSPIRING DRAGONS ON ISLE NEAR AUSTRALIA London.—Alan Cobham, the famous airman, has slain the dragon of dis- tance the second time for Britain. Ar- riving at Port Darwin, Australia, he had virtually completed the first half of his second 26,000 -mile air journey. MUTT AND JEFF --By Bud Fisher. f lehieNG Bete.) IN EGYPT Ateb SNGLANb folk rWo MoN--AS. 'LVE Lost- 1tACIc oF'TN+'N6s �`IAt AMRI'CA: Mvt'T, L Hmaewr, Irookcb Kr a P APeR `3INce ui&uc- @cSEN .BAcie BUT khioW; Yov ikAUE, So ntovatc You CAN •NELh ME a&F! WHAT IS e r Yov WANT TI) kNow? itjrei{f4C 'WC- wE•Re- AialeoAte DIb THEY mimeG,. AN AMCNDMGAir To Tile CONSTITUTION PRolAiEuTiNG / iliause of `CosAcco' Not; 'Teta r (Now o) You've- sec -Ns NoTHING r .1 11 e- PAnCRs ABout ucH A LAW ' parently are direct descendants of the prehistoric monsters of legend. They, are about ten feet long, possessing huge claws, with which they are able to kill and devour animals even as large as horses. When angered. they spew forth fumes not unlike smoke. When he arrives at Melbourne; the end of his outbound journey, Cobham will have completed the first half of,. his second great trip in his de Hied-, land plane. Several months ago he' flew from En.g;and to Capetown and back over impenetrable mid -African jungles to prove the possibility of establishing air routes even over the most inaccessible countries, if 06 • .•w•,ydwir�.n,• - 'f:t.' *40 w.h.TMr,I