Zurich Herald, 1926-05-20, Page 7OR A ENTA ,PLANTING QN T'H AR ) Teaching Ho*ticiultuire
Some Suggestions on•Beautifying the Farm Holme
- Surroundings,
13y ALEX LAURIE
With the advent of modern appll of the deep rooting types, whish will
antes on the farm, ;and the building not deprive, the Sawn ,grasses of their
of attractive houses, there has comp proper nutrients, The oaks, the Nor-
0. feeling that pleasant surroundings way Maple, the American Elm, Amer -
become essential. While it is agreed ican Mb, Norway Spruce, Blue
that the farm layout should be thor- Spruce, White Pine and Silver Fir
oughly praetieal, it is an erroneous are among the leaders in this group.
idea that there is no place for the HOW '20 PLANT
pleasing and the 'beautiful about the The planting of trees and shrubs
farm house. For the younger genet- is a simple o eration, yet certain pre
ation the average farm house of a p
flew years ago, with its collection of be attained.
t is must 'the observed er if issuship-
be aktained.� . If material s11ip-
unpainted outbuild- ,
weather-beaten, ip ped from the nursery, it should never,
lugs scattered hither and yon, had not be allowed' to lie around and dry out:
inspired much respect or pleasant
association. The natural result has
been the drifting of the younger
people to cities, where more enjoy-
ment and pleasanter surroundings are
to be found.
The possibilities of the farm home
and its surroundings are yet to be
thoroughly realized, and when com-
pared with the crowded cities, with
their smoke laden atmosphere, their
noises and hot, stifling pavements, it
is difficult to see why farms cannot
be made .attractive and inspiring to
their occupants. 1t 7?i not proposed
, that a great deal be spent in beauti-`
flcation of the grounds, for it is pos-
sible at very little cost to make the
'home a thing of beauty.
The first aim should be toward an
orderly arrangement of the barns,
poultry pauses, and other features ne-
cessary for useful purposes. Proper
order serves not only convenience, but
beauty as well. With walks and drives
arranged carefully, and with proper
regard for beauty, the rest of the
work is simple and inexpensive.
LAWN IS FOUNDATION
If impossible toplant at once, the
plants' should be "heeled in," that is,
a trench dug deep enough for the
roots to be placed, and covered with
loose soil. The time of planting de-
pends somewhat upon the favorable-
ness of the season, If proper are
is taken good results are obtained
from either fall or spring planting.
In either ease, a mulch of manure is
desirable—in the fall to act as •a pro-
tection against the heavy frosts; in
the spring to serve as moisture re-
tainer. In planting shrubs the tops
should be cut back to correspond to
the amount of roots which are usually
cut off in digging. The same holds
true of trees, except that only lateral
branches should be cut back.' Re-
moval of the terminal shoot will be
large enough to permit of natural
spreading of the roots, around which
the loose soil is filled and then packed
to form close contact and prevent dry-
ing out. The evergreens are dug
with a ball of soil and are so planted.
No pruning is given. Spring plant-
ing for evergreens is preferable.
:ants area lc -
Flowering pwecome a
The lawn is the foundation of all dition to the garden, their ease of
planting. Made perfectly level and culture and inexpensiveness making.
hedged tightly with border plantings, them very desirable.
the whole property looks cramped. A GOOD LIST
Gentle slopes and easy depressions The following suggests the best of
create a feeling of size, especially the herbaceous perennials which last
When bounded with irregular natural two years or more. The botanical and
borders. Since the lawn is a perrna- common names are given.
gent plantation, its initial preparation
must be thorough. Proper manuring Alyssum saxatiie=Alyssum.
at the rate of one load to 100 square Anemone japonica.
yards, will give the desired soil con- Aquilegia canadensis—Columbine.
dition, provided the underdrainage is Asters. •
sufficient. The time of sowing seed is Bellis perennis—English Daisy.
either in the spring or fall, prefer- Campanula medium — Canterbury
ably during the months of April and Bell
September. Lawns seeded late in the Coreopsis grandiflora—Tickseed.
' fall should be given a mulch, as a Delphinium hybriduni—Larkspur.
winter protection. The grasses which Dianthus piumarius—Pink.
are suitable for good lawns must be Dianthus barbates—Sweet William.
adapted to close clipping, be of uni- Dictamnus alba—Gas plant.
form color, '`and be able to stand • Digitalis purpurea—Foxglove.
drought. The ''best all around grass Gaillardia cristata — Blanket
is Kentucky Blue.. Grass,but since it glower.
requires two years to produce a good Gyeeophilla panicel-ata — Baby's
turf,other kinds are 'added to serve Breath.
•
as•a filler during the first season and Iberis saxatilis—Candytuft.
also as a sort of nurse crop. Among Iris germanica.
these are Red Top, Rhode Island Lathyrus latifoiius.-•Perenni'al
Bent, English Rye and White Clover. Lupines polyphyllus—Lupine.
The last named is sometimes deemed Monarda Didyma.
objectionable on account of its white Paeonia officinalis—Peony.
blossoms. The seeding is done at the Papaver orientale—Oriental Poppy.
rate of one quart to 300 square feet. Phlox paniculata--Phlox.
After seeding and raking, a thorough Rudbeckia laeinieta—Golden Glow.
rolling should be given to compact So:idago species—Goldenrod.
the soil. When the grass is making Veronica officinalis—Speedwell.
vigorous growth it should be cut once Annuals are plants which bloom
a week with the knives set so as to the same season from seed. They
out no shorter than two inches above are usually started in coldframes in
the ground. An occasional rolling Aprd1, transplanted •once and the seed
will be of benefit. Clippings may be lings sat out of doors after all dan-
left on, serving as a mulch during ger of frost is past. The seed may
hot weather. A good soaking of water be sown directly out of doors; but
3s preferable to a mere sprinkling, somewhat later flowering results. The
because the latter will cause the roots more common kinds are listed:
to grow close to the surface, with. Alyssumn maritimum—.AI scum.
subsequent injury during periods of y
drought. Antirrhinum majes—Snapdragon.
PLANT HARDY SHRUBS Centeurea cyan:us-Cornflower.
Delphinium ajacis—Larkspur.
All plantings should be composed of Gai l a -die pieta.
trees and shrubs that are very hardy' Gypsophdlla elegans — Baby's
and easy of culture. Among the shrubs Breath.
slueh old-time favorites as the Bridal Lathyrus odoratus—Sweet pea.
Wreath, Golden Bell, Meck Orange, Mirabilis jalapa—Four o'clock.
Rose of Sharon, Snowball, Lilae, Matthiola incana—Stocks.
Weige:ias, Japanese Quince, Hydran- Reseda oddrata--Mignonette:
gee, Japanese Barbea'ry, and the Priv- Scabiosa.
its are still the best. As a means of Tagetes patula—French Marigold.
ornamentation these. kinds may be Tagetes erecta—African Marigold.
used to advantage in any location T•ropaeolum majus—Nasturtium.
about the building. Grouped about Verbena chamaedryfolia,
the base of the house in pleasing bot- Zinnia elegans.
der -s, they furnish blooms over a long. 7+he botanical names are used in
period and help in uniting the strut- order that no contusion arise, since
tore to the lalyn. Planted at inter- the corszmon names for flowers vary
section of the walks, fence canters greatly with each locality.
and in curves of the roads, theyap-
pear to. give justification to any ap- --
parent artificiality of the layout. The
Profit From Bees.
barnyard may be successfullyscreen-
ed off by this means. The vegetable In the fall of 1028 ten colonies of
garden may be divided from the rest
by a hedge or a flowering border, and
,a flower ,garden should' find its way
into the general scheme, not only for
the pleasure it aTords, but because
of thepossibi:ity: of direct sale of
cut flowers.
'frees are used as windbreaks, as
a frame for the house, and for their
individual beauty as specimens. For
Pea.
in the Schools
By Mrs, Jeanettete Leader, for the
•
OntariO'lleffticuiteral Assn;
'1/4' ru'oduetdon shoo:Id more than coMpenM'
sate for the troubles of the past.
Prospects, it is .definitely said, are en'
couraging.
The hog situ:a:tion in Canada in.
1925 was remnar-lcable for, strong and
•s.ead'y .piriees on e "pretty geed run
and there was a very notrceab e
provement in the general quality of
t e o er ng, age a ;goo aoor
weights and quality were $7 per head
higher than in 1924, While short
supplies from Denmark •end the
United States and the Nhipment of
86;000 head tons Canada to the Paci-
fic Coast were in a measure respon-
sible for the betterment of the situa-
tion, the main rcasen for the im-
proved market was undoubtedly the
generally 'higher standard of quality
in the select and thick smooth classes,
due to grading, combined with a bet-
ter export pack, and a regiuined repu-
tation among British consumer's for
the producing and manufacturing of
high quality bacon, °
Is it not amazing how very little
most school children know about flow-
ers.Few know one variety from. an-
other. Is it not time that horticuleur-
ists tried teaching the students in our
schools about them? So long as the
love for the simple things is deeply
implanted in the minds and hearts of
the .students, so long as the beauty of
flowers appeals to the soul there is no.
doubt but that "every day in every
way the world will grow better and
better." It is difficult to think that a
boy or girl who becomes interested in
flowers and birds will ever go very far
astray. But .some one must take the
time to awaken in them the ability to
appreciate the beauties of nature. Our
high school pupils were delighted to
be given the opportunity of studying
flowers. An experimental plot• has
been established. We have bought
many• varieties of bulbs and plants
and friends have donated some as well.
These are labelled with name of var-
iety and donor and the fact that peo-
ple even out oftown were interested
enough to send donations has added to •
the interest of the pupils. The blos-
soms will be used to decorate the pule
pits of the churches, they will give
cheer to the sick, the sad and the
shut-ins. In the fall the pupils will
have an exhibit of the flowers grown.
Not only will • hundreds of pupils
learn in this wayto love flowers but
the interest will be carried to the
homes of their parents, and to their
own homes in later years. It is some-
times difficult to get older people in-
terested in growing flowers but it is no
trouble at all to teach the students in
our schools to love them.
Se—
Live Stock Prospects
Encouraging.
There is much that is encouraging
in the sixth annual Live Stock Mar-
ket and Meat Trade Review for 1925,
just issued by the Live Stock Branch
of the Department of Agriculture at
Ottawa. It was the . best year for
the feeder of good live stock in this
country. It would appear, says the
Review, that after a long period of
depreselon in • the industry that a
cycle. of prosperity has been entered
upon and that, given normal pasture
and feed conditions during the next
few years, cattle, sheep, and swine lens.—L. J. Taber.
Windbreaks, evergreens, like White
Pine, Scotch Pine, Norway Spruce
and Arborvitae, are quite commonly
used. The 'kind of a tree used' for
framing the house depends upon its
style of architecture. Where hori
tents' lines predominate the Lom-
bardy Poplar and the Larchare par-
4icitlarly efY..eGtive. On the other
hand, vertical lines call for trees of
there spreading characters, ..to which
descriptioim the oaks, the maples and
the elms •answer fittingly. Low
branching kinds are the most desir-
able t :specimen planting, but dare
Should Ni . exercised, in the selection
bees were set aside at the Ste. Anne
de le 1'ocatiere, Experimenital Stations
to ascertain- the profit there is in
honey. The colonies wintered well
and were set out in the spring for
their year's work. The ten colonies
produced 679 pounds of honey at 18
cents per pound, 4 lbs. wax at . 40.
cents per pound and 6 new colonies
at $7 each; total $165.82. The ex-
penditure was 6 i ercent.. en $800
invested--$18,honey and sugar con-
sumed $22 and 128 hours of labor at
85° cents per hour, $44.80, total $84.80;
leaving •a profit balance of $81,02, or
$8,10 per colony.
A study of honey flows showed that
the maximum was reached between 4
and 5 pm,.; that when the weather is
dry the bees gather nectar' on sunless
days; that the increase is larger after
a rainy day; that strong winds affect
the work of the bees; that tho greater.
intsrease was when the wind was
south-west or north-east, and that a
South wind was flet favorable.
Hopelessly Lost.
"Would you believe it? That girl
follows all the beauty hints she reads."
"Weill, she certainly is a long way
behind them."
We had a cow that we often found
roaming around in the. •stable in the
morning when we went down to do the
GET READY FOR SUMMER
Be MARY HAMILTON TALBOTT
No'w, is the time not only to fires are out: This should' be done,
"brighten and clean up the furnishings and then they should be m efl:ed eyery
of the home but to improve the equip-; year to remove the accumulation of
meat and care for the things Which' sediment and rust. It adds too the life
wil,1 be out of use until fail.I of the heating system materially. If
e, aWI
Hoyt about your cellar? If it is a lyou . have hot-air furnace you �ry
hodge-pa.dge of disorder it can never save a lot of dusting next winters if
be kept in a sanitary condition. Have, you e;�ean the pipe under the register
you a storage rack' for trunks and; with your vacuum cleaner; uee the
boxes? If you build one you will write:nozzle attaelunent, without the
wonder Trow you ever lived without 1 brush, on the hose. It reaches down
it; and the, packed things wi.+l remain a good distance and removes a ".re -
sweet sw•e�et and free from mold if you pick .markable tivantity of dirt
out a dry corner. It can vary in
size.according to your accumulation
of trunks -and boxes.
Another convenience, which may be
built under the stairs, is a rack for for large, heavy rugs should be taken
s'torin'g the storm windows now and up and smaller rugs and bare floors
the screens in the fall. Go through be used in the summer. Never ford
the rooms and mark each window un- a rug. Spread newspapers ei1 over
sprinkle carbon
tortes orvdin it;on topof them p
der the sill placing a p g
,p I
number on the rack. LR 1, II and tetrachloride or a goodly quantity of
III mean living room, first, secondnaphthalene or moth balls, then roll
and third windows. ('smoothly on a long, thick pole and
Shelves for canned fruit, jellies and
jams should be in every cellar. Build
them substantially in a section that
can be kept dark. Twelve inches is
a eufficien:t , depth for two rows oaf
jars; more than this is not desirable.
If• a dark place is not available, hang
old shades from the top ehetf; these
will exclude the light and are con-
venient to handle.
There is no more fitting slogan to
carry into action in the cellar than
"a place for everything and every-
thing in its place." There should be
hanging shelves near the ceiling on
which to store the long poker, coal
shovel, dawn mower, rakes, spades, renheit. Remember that rubbing and
carpet poles, awnings and various twisting causes wool to harden and'
other unwieldy things which are in felt, and the better your grade of;
the cellar at various seasons, and it wool the quicker the felting. Strong!
will save a lot- of confusion if they soaps cause wool to become "tender"`
are alwaye kept thus out of the way. l and they dissolve the fibers; to savei
ruing, soap s oul e
So many people have wrink'ned ruga
in the fall because they do not case
for them properly when they are
ta'ke'n up in the spring and stored;
wrap newspapers around.the outer,
side and carefully seal the ends with
strips of pasted paper er cloth.
CARE OF FURS AND WOOLLENS
At this season you wild be putting
away your. blankets, heavy sweaters
and the family's winter under-vrear.
If you want to be sure of having nice,
woolly-• woollens when you resurrect
them from their cedary and moth -
belly embalmment with the first
snappy days next fall, it is necessary
to observe some precautions now
about washing them and putting them.
away. Have all waters of the same.
temperature, about 110 degrees Fah
RAVAGES OF RUST bb h d b in solution
Remember that summer is the tinsel Borax and ammonia may be used to
that moisture will do a lot of darn , soften the water, as they are too'
chores. It took some time for us to age, and cause rust which will play I mild to injure wool. If dried before
find out that she had discovered the havoc with cast iron or steel. When a fire hot enough to steam the
trick of reaching up with her horns you take down the stoves protect woollens, they wire shrink just as if
and lifting the :latch of the stanchion. them with a coat of good oil. Don't `they had been washed in water that
Then the rest was easy. We might use odds and ends of cooking fats for ! was too hot. Ironing with a hot iron
have done one of two Nees. Wo tee a preservative. I know one house- I shrinks flannels and turns them ye
have sawed off her horns, or tied the wife who did, with direful results, as 'low.
latch down every time the cs,v lees she did not know that salt aids in{ It is a delusion to put your furs
put in the stable. We preferred to tietheformation of rust. Skate's, sled , away in moth balls and expect their.,
the latch down, and did it—usually. runners and the like should have a Ito be preserved if you do not care-
-E. L. V. coat of lard mixed with black lead !fully clean them first. After expos
and a little camphor. ing them to the sun and air for -at'
Brain power, and not lung power, Many folks with hot-water or steam- least twenty-four hours, go ever every,
will solve the far'mer's economic prob- heating •systems do not draw off all ; inch of the skin with a coarse nickel.
the water in the spring after the , comb gently but thoroughly and shake
- ; the fur from time to time.
— -._ - Light furs which are soiled may'
be cleaned as follows: Mix togetherS
THE, CANADIAN HOMEMAKER
series ye week, cri'icfss
coUer1aj
PLANNING . BUILDING . F'INANCiNG
DECORATING . FURNISHING . GARDENING
oma Coj3 y s h? 1926.
c%•t 4 .i. r .•id
eeeettese
1111111006_
THE INTERIOR TREATMENT OF WINDOWS
By W. S. Lirrbery.
Wo all eppreclate the comfort •and " As to window hangings, it, is a mis-
completeness given to a room when I take to use a widow treatment: so Blab -
orate as to Dither c' score the light., or
hide tee beauty of soy architectural
treatment, especially the former. The
so-called Venetian blinds—which were
introduced into America as long ago
as 1770 --have been replaced by the
roller shades, these quickly becoming
popular because of Cheapness and
adaptability, but they are ugly unless
made of giaze.d chintz or crepe mohair:
The roller blind again has been set i
aside in favor of tee transverse cur-
tains which are a practical and very
graceful substitute for them. The
blind, however, can still be of service
in the bed room, of where it is ins-,
perative to shut out the light at tunes;
even then they should be roiled up to
the window top during the day, so that
the more decorative window treatment
may have tell effect, especially in
grouped casements. But in the in-
teres't of beauty, use draperies where -
ever possible. The inner or ease our -
tains should imt made to hang on the
sash, if easement, or against the sash
if these are of the lifting type, prefer
ably on small rods and rings, The
material should be plain open mesk
net, silk, voile, or organdie, according
to the material of the over eurtalns;
without any petl,er% so es not to mar
the view by tris -cies lines or other
shapes, and to•be of a sunny dolor—
light
olorlight buff, faen or perhaps grey.
S,hauId a cool effect be deafl'od, use.
the curtains are hung; in fact, does
any one other item contribute so mar -1
vellously to the magic of time house l
furnisher•'s wand?
Before considering window treat--
nient itself, it would be well to em tleav-
or to dispose of that nightmare of the
decorator and owner—the ubiquitous
radiator. The logical position for the
radiator is, no doubt, under the win-
dow, and this should be considered amnd
settled when the house is building. Do
not let the height come above the win-
dow stl1, and if possible, keep the
length less 1tlian the window so that
curtains can hang down to the floor
clear. The •radiator can be recessed
under the window frame, eare being
taken •to carefully insulate the recess.
There are very suitable and artistic
metal radiator covers on the market,
made of various sizes, to fit the Stand-
ard radiators; or an enclosure of wood.
can be made, witim open metal fronts,
ends, and top. These, of course,' should
be • metal . lined: Several methods of
treatment are illustrated. But in the
living -room and dining -room do have
the radiators coveted; it adds much to
the complete finished treatment. Per -
halts in the living room you .could have
it concealed by being built 'under ,a.
china cabinet or cupboard giving iiia
effect of a corrrplete pfeee of furnftifre.'
two cupfuls of flour, two cupfuls of
bran and a quaitar of a cupful of
fuller's earth. After care,full brush -f
ing and shaking, lay the fur on a:
table: and. rub in the mixture with a;
coarse piece of flannel, rubbing the,
fur the wrong way. Shake out all
the cleaning powder and go over the
fur a second time, using only bran;
shake out the bran and wipe with a
piece of clean cheesecloth. This
cleaning is a first step in safe stor-
ing.
Furs should never be packed tightly,
as it flattens down the hair and
makes it hard to raise. Suspend each
piece in a mothproof bag of its own.
A most excellent mothproof box for
storing winter clothing can be made
at home, if a cedar chest is impossible
because of the cost. Make a wooden
box four feat long, two feet wide and
two feet deep, having a lid with three
pairs of hinges which can be hooked
down firmly when closed. Inside, on
the bottom, sides and lid, tar paper
should be tacked carefully. Over this
put unbleached muslin, so that no gar..
nient will come in contact with the
tar paper. Every article should be
well brushed and aired to make sure
that no moths are in it. Remove any
grease spots from clothing before
storing.
Cookery is a Fine Art.
Cookery mncan the knowledge of
Medea and of Helen and of the Queen
of Sheba ... It means carefulness
pale green. turquoise blue or mulberry. and inventiveness and willingness and
The outer cutains should be made full readiness of appliances. It means the
enough to cover the entire window economy of your grandmothers and the
opening and at least long enough to
reach the bottom of the window sill
woodwork, or to within an inch of the
floor, as fancy dictates: .<\ valance of
the same Material, or the more formal
pattern valance as shown on the amus
trations' is uncle in vogue, and is
tistic.
In selecting material for curtains,+
snitability of design must be consider-;
ed as well as color, and texture. Cur-
tains offer various possibilities of light
and shade on the draped folds. and
doubtless the beauty of the folds them-
selves is greatly enhanced by using
Blain -ler faintly self -patterned ma-
terials. There is always an undesir-
able confuslou of forms in the folds of
a large pattern, which still nay look
well when flat. pear this in mind• To
prevent wastage, do not select a long
"repeat" pattern. This for the house-,
wife of limited means, who, however,
mna,y plan to use the "wastes" in val-
ances, sofa cushions or lamp shades.
As to materials, lace is taboo, but
cretonnes—either cotton or linen or,
hand -blocked .linens, may be used,
selecting moderate coloring for bed-
rooms and the stranger for living
rooms, The eolor and texture of the
wall paper or finish must be consider-
ed sand also the size of wall paper pat-
tern --so that all may scale in her -
Molly.
science of the modern chemist; it
means much testing and no wasting;
it means English thoroughness and
French art and Arabian hospitality;
and, in fine, it moans that you are to
be perfectly* and always ladies --loaf
givers.
If I were a child and some grown-
up should presume to cal: me "kiddie"
I would be tempted to march delib-
erately over to that adult and kick
hint or her os the shins. "Comfy" is
in the semi, c.:aes of imbecile words.
Its tendency is to belittle the child,
causing him to feel so foolish and
mall that he unconsciously tries to
act up to this simpleton of an ap-
pellation. --Mrs. Alta Booth Dunn.
BETTER HOMES IN CANADA
Write for e copy of the MacLean
Builders' Guide which contains
plans by leading t"anadiarf Archi-
tects, and helpful information on
building, financing, decorating, fur-
nishing and gardening. Profusely
illustrated. Est pages. 20 cents a
copy. Questions answered. Mac --
Lean Building Reports, Ltd., 344
Adelaide St. West, Toronto. •