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Zurich Herald, 1926-04-15, Page 6OF .VARIETIES. OF spa GRAIN Speeding I,Tp Spray ng. POW orchard nen realize bow little of the time put'in on the job of; spray - There is nothing More striking in evenly in the drill.they will be about ing is spent in the axchaxti doing the connection with a study of different varieties of grain than is the differ- ent ways in which these behave under one inch Apart. This seed may be put actual spr•ayin:g and how, much is up during the winter, spent in haling up the tank and pre, After sowing the seed in the drills parmg the mixtures. A good orchard dissimilar conditions. Varieties may, thelatter should be carefully covered tst of my acquaintance recently clis. differ from each other in 'length of : in the same way as one would cover covered by actual count That he' was straw, strength of straw, date of ma- ' drills of 'vegetable seed grown in the Putting in two-thirds of his time get - turfing, yielding ability, quality of ' gardens !ting ready. And I venture the pre grain, resistance to disease, nature of I Where: one does not wish to take the diction that there are more growers soil and the amount of soil moisture. time to prepare his seed in the careful i who have a worse record than there they require to attain full develop -1 manner mentioned above he may sim- are who have a better one. merit. In view of this fact the choice l ply sow the seed in the drills withoutIii most oases it will be 'found that of the variety c.f crop which may be counting, using care to drop the her- the two big time Isi leis are the filling grown to best advantage on a given ; nels as nearly as possible the same of the tank with water and getting farm is a matter worthy of very care- distance apart in the drill. out. to the decided and back again. ful consideration by every farmer. Ex- y As the growing season advances thel In lessening the time spent in filling perimental Farms throughout Canada , performance of the different varieties the tank the aim should be to have are doing an exceedingly important' under test should be .carefully ob- some sort of device that will`fi11 an- work in comparing different varieties served. Speciale note should be taken other reservoir er tank holding soiree - with a view to determining those best of strength of straw, general vigor, !that marc water than the spray tank suited to the particular conditions and freedom from rust and smut. while the sprayer is out in. the orch where grown. From among the hun- Varieties which are cleanly inferior to ard. If.one has access- to a gravity dreds tested they are able to pick out others may be discarded without any. water system, the problem is simple-- probably the best half dozen, any one' attempt to calculate the yield per acre niers y 'a large tank elevated enough moreprofitable so that its bottom is above the top of. p e to On the other hand, those varieties of which may bebhe spray tank when the Sprayer is' grow than the others on a given farm, which promise to yield about the same leaven alongside, and an automatic . or on certain parts of such farm. The' amount of grain should if possible be final decision ars to which of these threshed and the grain of each weigh shut-off that will close when this tank is full. varieties actually zses or a given t 11 "best" fed and examined for general quality. If ono cannot have this, then a ram locality can only be determined by, Very often varieties which appear to to hoist the water from , theol or 't actual test in the locality itself. , be about equal in productiveness may ` A very simple plan has been worked be found to differ in yielding ability windmill to pump the Watei, or some out whereby anyone can obtain.a very, by several bushels per acre. The other device may be worked out. good idea of the suitability of different threshing can be done quite easily by In eny case there should be, a good. varieties for their home conditions simply cuttingoff the heads -of each big gate en this tank tad a section of. with the minimum amount of time and, variety separately, putting these in a fire hose through which the water may labor. This plan calls for the use ofsack and pounding them out with a be speedily run into the epiay tank. small plots. Each plot contains five' stick. In the matter of reducing tlr'tiine drills each one rod long. A space of ; Where a farmer does not wish to spent in going to and from the"orcl 7 inches is left between the drills so : take the time to thresh out the heads ard, two points are worthy, Of,' con - that th•e conditions may approach as from each variety in order to ascer- nearly as possible those which prevail tain the comparative yields he may when the seeding is done by the ordi-' simply watch the development of each nary seed drill No space is left be- variety during the growing season. It tween the different plots as such space. frequently happens that even this usually grows up with weeds unless • simple and very general sort of me - it is kept hoed. The drills may be thod provides information of great marked out with an ordinary home- value and is a better plan than no, made marker or by any other means plan at all. which the operator has at hand. The l Local testing of varieties is being seed fee each variety may be weighed urged on every hand by agricultural or counted out very carefully with a? authorities who recognize what such view to insuring as nearly as possible; tests may mean to the farmer in dol- that olthat the same number of seeds be , lars and cents. Those who desire to sown in the case of all varieties. It' try out this plan should apply to their is a good plan to put up the seed for! nearest Experimental Farm for about each drill in a separate envelope, put- ting exactly 200 kernels in each. If these kernels are dropped by hand three ounces of say five or six of the varieties which the said Farm consid- ers most promising. Feeding Chickens. When -a• baby chick leaves its shell it needs warmth and rest but no food until it shows positive signs of hun- ger, which will be two or three days after hatching. Proper methods of feeding are described in detail in a' new bulletin on .poultry feeds and feeding issued by the Experimental Farms and distributed by the Publi- cations Branch, Dept: of Agriculture, Ottawa. According to the bulletin when the chicks are removed to their brooding quarters there should be conte coarse sand or grit and fine oys- ter shell scattered where they can have .free access to it. For the first few days, after feeding is begun, they should receive dry mash five or six times a day, and then they should be given smell quantities of chick scratch feed."' A good ration for this period consists of one part each of shorts, middlings, cornmeal and oat flour, half a part of fine meat meal and a little fine table salt, about 1/2 to 84 of one per cent. If there is no bone in the meat meal five per cent. bone meal is substituted for an equal amount of pleat meal. Crit or oyster shell is provided when mash is fed. Fountains of milk and water, which should be renewed often, are kept:before the flock at all times. Clover leaves and sprouted oats or some other green feed is nec- essary. After the first week or ten days, moist mash may be given, using infer- tile eggs, shells .and all, or raw liver run through a meat -chopper, or milk Iand cod-liver oil—all dried off with the dry mash mixture, the egg mash being gradually replaced with mash moistened with mirk. If rapid ma- turity is desired, the moist mashes may be kept up after the chicks are 'put on the range, otherwise they are • discontinued. Stale, sour mash will put chicks off their feed, therefore, the sweet mash fed should be such that it will be clean- ed up in a few minutes. If too much . has been fed the surplus should be removed. Once chicks go on the range they can be reared with very little labor, dependence being placed largely on hopper feeding. A clever field beside a corn field or an orchard makes an ideal range. The authorized taxicab fare in Eng- land is- one shilling for the first mile. THE SUGAR BUSH Farmer Stockwell stood just out -to i.lde the kitchen door, holding up a moistened forefinger to the wind. "H'm," he said as he carne inside, stamping off the soft snow from his thick boots, "the wind's northwest, Mother; and the sun's warm in ablue sky. Guess I'll tap the trees this morn- ing. If this weather keeps up there'll be a fine run of And that's how it happened that when Josephine and her little city friend Eleanor came home from school that afternoon, they saw the buckets hanging on the big rock maples that climbed the hill to the farmhouse. "Goody, goody!" cried Josephine, "Father's started sugaring! Do you suppose he'll let us go with him to gatherthe :tap afternoon, Mother?" "Iia'= just, starting now," said' Mother. "Better• run quick or he'll be gone." The children were soon on the. wagon, which was loaded with empty barrels anti drawn by a pair of pow erful, sure-footed horses. Over the fields. and roads they drove,. through the softened sitoty; up hill and down, i over Farmer Stockwell's sugar bush.' Up on the highlands there wasn't ver the sugar house; where the sap was boiled down to a thick, rich syrup, and the syrup boiled, down to light creamy sugar and molded in pans of various shapes and sizes. So busy was everybody that on several days when the children came home from school they found even Mother down at the sugar house. "stirring sugar." sideration. The first is an Attempt ,to have ,alocal source of water -supp;y near each block of orchard. In many orchard sections it is surprising how frequently one can arrange for a shal- low well or small reservoir trom•Which the water may be secured. In fairly large orchard enterprises another plan worthy of consideration is to have an extra tank with which the water mat be hauled to the orch- ard, and the sprayer arid crew thus kept almost continually in action. One thus substitutes for this -job of haul- ing the time of.ons man and a team for that of the whole spray gang and the sprayer, which is well worth doing. Also one finishes th•e job of spray- ing more quickly, which for certain applications, like the ca yx spray or the pink spray, is a mighty important consideration.—F. C. S. ; .g ., Read the. Labels on Mixed 4 Feeds. Under the provisions of the Feeding Stuffs Act manufacturers must attach labels to the containers of the mixed feeds they offer for sale: showing -the guaranteed chemical composition . of the contents and the specific name of every ingredient contained in the feed. Purchasers .should carefully study these labels before accepting any feed. THE, CANADIAN' 1-1OMEMAKEl SCrICS f was y art!c/'s cvyeriny PLANING . BVILQINc FINANCING DECORATING . FURNISHING . GARDENING caayri lfl 192 NONSWEIMOR FIRST PRUNING AFTER PLANTING FIRST Y[AR'3 '� WOOD, SECOND YEARS GROWTt1 Showing how -to prune Hybrid Perpetual Roses, Hybrid Tea Roses should be pruned more severely. Both kinds flower upon current year's growth. The illustration aso shows the depth to which Roses should be planted. PRUNING OF SECOND YEAR'S GROW1I1 CULTURE .OF OUTDOOR ROSES • This brief article will be devoted to kinds of Roses which are _satisfactory to plant in Canada and to such cultural details as are considered essential to success in the production of strong and vigorous bushes• End fine flowers. The Soil. A fairly heavy clay loans is the best soil for Roses. Such a soil is cool in summer, an ideal condition for root growth of the :subjects, and being also retentive of moisture is ideal for the production of strong flowering growth. Dark colored heretic soils- because they absorb and retain more of the sun's heat than do the light colored clays are unsuited to the Rose. As pure clays are too heavy and lack fertility they should where existent be lighten- ed somewhat by the addition of or- ganic matter of which manure from the cow stables is, best, this being a cool manure, not heating much in fer- mentation and being watery in decom- position adds to the coolness and to the moisture content of the soil. Or- dinary stable manure, however, may be employed when ox manure cannot be obtained. If the a -oil is too light and sandy it may be improved by the ad- dition of loam and of ox manure oar of leaf soil so as to make it fertile and re= tentive of moisture. By Henry J. Moore ded plants, lower It two inches below When these buds form` woody growth, this into the hole. With the hand scat- it will grow away from the centre of the bush, which consequently will be left open. Air, light and moisture will thus have freer circulation around the stems; the latter will thus grow vigor- ously and produce better leaves and flowers; the wood will ripen more satisfaotoriiy, will more likely survive the winter, and from its buds, better weather is dry, saturate the soil and and stronger growth will after pruning finally afford a mulch of litter or half the following Spring, appear. Remem- decayed manure, if planting is done ber that when you prune hybrid teas in the Spring, to conserve the moisture that the more weak growth you re- ef the soil. move, the mare you will encourage the Roses should not be left -exposed to growth of the strong. the sun while planting. Should any Hybrid perpetuals usually do not re - drying of the roots be apparent ere quire extreme measures when pruning. planting, immerse them in water for Select five or six or as many strong an hour, or if the stems appear shrivel growths as you think necessary to re - led and yet alive, bury the entire plant, tarn. See that they are well distri- root and stem, in moist soil for a few bated and remove the remaining week- days. eakdays. If the stems- are not normally er growths. Cut the selected stems' restored by this practice, have the back to on outward bud six or eight inches • from the base of the stem which bears it. Do not cut all stems at the same height, otherwise an in::.r- the soil can be properly worked. In tistic chopped off appearance will re - the less trigi•d winter localities such sult. In cases where hybrid perpetual% aa the Weat Coast, and southern Penin are not normally vigorous, prune them sulas of Ontario, they may be- planted for a year or two, as advised for ley during late•, October or early Nevem- brid teas. Do not, however, cantinud bei• witli safety. • ter the soil evenly among and over the fibrous roots until they are thoroughly covered. Move the plant upwards and downwards .slightly to allow the soil to settle, then finish the work by fill- ing the hole by means of a spade. Tramp. firmly around the plant, and rake the silrfa•ce smoothly. If the Plants 'replaced, and so prevent disap- pointment. The proper time to plant - Roses is . during Spring, as early as this• drastic method should their vigor The beds or borders to receive the Pruning. be restored. In thecase of Climbing Roses a dtf• " Rose bushes. may be prepared daring The principles of rose pruning, ferent tieetruent Is necessary. Prune for either Iate Autumn or though simple, are not .generally well away the flowering growths as soon as understood. The different kinds of the flowers. fade. Do not wait until Roses require. different treatment as Spring. Remove the very old and the far as pruning is concerned, Prune de -ad canes and train strong. young •thos•e of vigorous growth lightly, those ones to replace these. Canes more of weak growth severely. Climbing than three years old may be removed ros-es are very vigorous and do not re- if younger on -es have been produced to quire the herd pruning of bhe hybrid repaee them. Do not cut away any perpetuates, er the more severe treat- strong canes, Which are likey to re- pent of th@ hybrid teas. produce flowers, unless it is possible , Spring planting. They May, however, It is not enough to know the •percent-:Jalso be prepared during March or eorly ages of protein, fat, and fibre the Oecil April and as the Roses do best when contains. but the sources of these coli- their roots are able to penetrate deep- stituents should be noted in the list Ly it is well. to dig the soil two spades of ingredients. For instance, the pro- deep, at the same time working there - tele derived from animal hoofs. or in the manure. If the soil is prepared mustard seed is of no value for feed- in autumn fresh strawy manure may ing, and is even injurious, yet, both be employed, but if in Spring, only these ingredients are rich in protein that wliiclz is at least half rotted. and are included in some mixed feeds The Position. in order to raise the protein content. Upon the chpice of the position in The Seed Branch of the Dominion which' to plant the Roses may depend Dept. of Agriculture is continually success- in their culture. It is best to making analysis of commercial feeds plant them in a somewhat sheltered and by careful and sebtematic inspec- position but also open to full sunshine: tion of manufacturing plants and the The plants- must have abundant light materials employed therein has prat- but should. be protected somewhat tically eliminated the practice of piac from the prevailing winds of winter, ing incorrect. and misleading labels on feeds. It is up to .the purchaser to further protect himself by carefully noting what is written on the labela. and not to be deceived by the fancy names under which feeds are some- times sold. Last Year a Record for Dairy Production. It is exceedingly gratifying to learn on the testimony of the Dominion Dairy Commissioner (Dr. J. A. Rud- dick) that•the trade in dairy products "What lovely little cakes I" said ; last showed a decidedly upward tend - Eleanor, as she saw the pile of sugar hearts that Mrs. Stockwell was just turning. out of the molds. "How 1 • ency. While compete . returns from all parts of the country were not available at the time of speaking, De. wish I could send some of those to tite Ruddick had reason to believe they city to my teacher and the children of would show a material increase over my grade! --Mother sent nie some; the previous year and. also oven the money to spend. Could you spare any, years of the world war, when overseas Mrs. Stockwell?" ( demand was urgent and taxed the "I'm sure we cou.'•d," answered Mrs,' country's resources to fila... The esti- Stockwell. "So far we've had orders mated production of cheese for 1925 is only for syrup and pound cakes. 175,000,000 lbs. and of butter 1 O, There'll be enough for you."c cut .000dmestio np- 1bs, Bath o on 006, "Oh !" exclaimed Eleanor, looking tion and the export trade .show, de - lovingly at the little sweethearts den- veloptnent, the latteras regards cheese tily packed in waxed paper and soft indicating a return to that supremacy batting, "I'd like to send everything of former years. The season. of 1925 else elong with the male .s sugar—the' was also exceptional in the high leve: hills and the sugar house and the' of prices, Dr. Ruddick points out; in= k i he thinks it may >•o on record I;ergo maple trees and the whole sugar deed .y b ll iti bPttel to plant then) far notch sap in the bdekets and so these did not have to be emptied; but in znaity of the trees, especially on low moist bandy the sap was running freely , and Fernier Stockwell emptied the buckets into the barrels to prevent an overflow .during the night, and then they drove with the sap to the sugar - house, not very far from home, in a grove of young ivaples, beside the road. That was the beginning of a happy time for the children, and a tall,'',ttoo for the people on the farm, ror se�v- ezal weeks the brackets hung upon the trees, end the blue smoke tering' IOW Severe priming and thinning of the to fill the gap. Remove the thin anti stems of Rases will encourage vigor- straggling stents which grow from the ons growth from the stems which re- root completely. Shorten back the main. That le the reason we prune young growths which are tied to Vh-e hybrid teas- severely. They are usual- supporbs at points where they are not ly of weaker growth :than the hybrid likely to ripen ere winter, and the old perpetuals or the stronger growing ones only when they reach the doaired climt�ers•, height or occupy conveniently their When paining hybrid teas select and allotted space. In cold localities It is retain three orfour of the strongest. best to allow all of the ,strong young canes to remain until spring. also of summer for that matter, so stents, preferably those which are well that the bloom will not be destroyed distributed over the plant Thin out before fully serving their purpose. More especially is it necessary to pro- tect the position from north and east in our colder and more northern 'lo- calities. In all other respeots the posi- tion should be: fully open to favor at- mospheric coolness during mummer. Manses of low growing shrubs or _the, remaining weaker growths. mu, will favor • a more bushy form than where careful thinning is not done. Cut the steins; •which remain, back to two bads or so from' the old wood, al- ways, when possible; leaving the bud which points, in an outward direction. hedges may be planted or advantage be taken of existing structures to af- ford prateotion. The position should he such that water will not stand in the soil; good -drainage is as es�s•ential to success as any other factor. Roses •will not endure in badly drained sols and in such may die during the first winter. The position thus should not Roses Suited to. Small Gardens Hybrid Teas I-iortitlanus Budde -dark red. Etiole cle Holland --dark red. Rod Letter Day ---Scarlet crimson. Grids an 'fepiitz -Scarlet crimson Ienera.I AicArthut• ci tint• ,a Winter Protection. , ,Bush Roses such as Hybrid Perpet- uate, Hybrid Teas and Baby Polyan- thas may be adequately'protoctied over winter by mounding soid'up` their sterns to a.height of about ten inches. The soil being procured elsewhere than from the area where the Roses are planted. it is not well to pull the soil in which the plants grow , up around the stems as by so. doing the roots may - be uncovered and depressions created wherein water will stand to the injury of the subjects. Climbing roses may be protected by simply lay- ing ay ing the •canes on a bed of strawy litter brit always o elevated that water will n, dram away. 1f when laid doivii they be in a depression but rather a slight Geo. Dickson---Dairk scarlet direr are covered with three or four inches son: of litter held in position by perhaps Madame Ravaiy--•Golden yellow, pieces oflbrush they will also be pro Riebi ond---Red scarlet. tecto•d by the s -now, surviving the win- \Villowniere -Pink shaded yellow. ter with little or no injury, Carte„ Visccutltess lr o'.ketone — Creamy witic:lt are net removed from thedr su1;- pink. ports may he protected by meads of ,. -. burlaptied over them Premier`•••• -Pial. t e t as securo:y . as W. Christie Miller -pink. possible, How to Keep Your Wife 'Contented. Tel her .you: can't afford to pipe p1.. • Hugh Dioicsen-befilir:nt (1rinieen water into tiie house and buy yo�tlself elevation from which the water will surely drain, Planting. As the different classes of roses vary in vigor, sleight and spreading quali- ties, it is essential that when planting, these things be considered -Plant Hy- brid Teas two feet apart. ITybrid Per- petual three to three and a batt feet. There i., • 00 advantage in planting ciiimbing roses too closely. Six or even eight• feet apart, whether planted near structures sunit as trellis•, fences; or las, will for blast 1)nrpoie• suf- �" ns the best year in the history of the shlttied Scarlet. a new ti actor. bush y rt ' ttia tl growths .., .-. t Sell all the cream una s aitCl ut h ,r (,inusoz. t �... lttnu e p �industry. lr 1 r C Y • � i It tc w From 1 C Lady A. Stanley --pink. Hybrid Perpetuais• Alfred .Colomb — bright -.carmine • real ...Paronese-Rothachiid--Palle Rose, " - .. enolit;'`Il aria 'se , "Tele grow is d.,' . -,. such information as . , • raritler Stockwell laughed. I won. g, may be lratnetl acid t•onttollc,i tll.rit 7. ., ' „ - oSe Pink. " the"elfish : • on''a •:anti salt- , alt= der whether you know just how much j was so far obtainable his estimate willow th't nt to become tangleii drill utl: A1,1%. John rain Stift li « was that the total .va u of ,t l•1 P ire W'hitH pork diet you are sending,"he said.Tlnnk of production1 1 this '0 1'l' .y , t 1 1 ^ Frau d.:t,rl 1)tia:ci. •- t ..� r . .1 t nt l ion ata; ea bo Dwarf Polyantha (Raba: Polyantha) Give tiro chickens the free run of the sunshine would be around $„00,000,000, or an harbor insects, and iisiiall do _ and the inciting snow i,beYy iincrease of from o0 to 60 million dol Z premises, particularly the that went to make the sap; and thinknet flower so l)tofuse:r. ,. hack orch., over thatof 102 is 'Mrs, Caitbn lel Pink hits. the o.c remtsc of the hundreds of maple leaves that lazy When plantae make the boles would e b' Orleans hose- Brilliant fled. Send lite big potatoes to market and the sapmake. And there won't `” r"'"`-'- 7large enough to accommodate the cit be one leaf less for alt the sap we've w.�- - , tended roots and scatter fine fertile Canarienvogel •- - Golden yellow let her use the culls. t i flaked with orange, rose and Dont let her waste any good ground. had," he added.. " 1 often think of - ,i 0*-+ in the bottom, choosing a time �--W- soil on flower beds. that. Those big trees in front of the - .� ° wheli the soil is fairly trey anti friable." pluple. %,^�.p. Climbing Rases; . Sit down to the table in your shirt house were planted , by my great- ---- Remove all damaged or broken roots r they've• • ^: i iPe.. ts. iixt>eliIa Scarier~ sleeves, smo,hng of the stable, espe. everyetre ., and been tapped -' with a, sharp k t e, pr ead the roots ,. , orally when she has earn an for dtiz- every year, since they were old enough. ' ° well, Plant two inches .deeper than liorotby Perkins—balnion Pink. p y They've freer and the haven't _ 1 e old soil mark lin the s,teni, Thiel T. tiecndsobon (Tlictts�and Beat: nor. given_.y y — ..s tie 3 Neve; take •a cla od" to . any less. We a generous world we live . is easy to 'detect; kis usually the par- tite ar- I.Skws)- light (,arnitrie3' 7 !rite. y go Asn a rtl t often think of it. They'vegiven - tiori below the soil is a yellowish I)crotlty I,'erl1(11•- link ar W'Vhtte lzteits�uro trip with hers ' . Send for tt veterinary whenever,• the freely,by direetiona ill t114 WM1101404 but the leaf bulls are beginning brown, while the aerial. portions ata Dorothy. . l:ot.so is ailing, ard debtor the baby swell •1to'W;, ..w.r, ,...,:�:.::w,. w:.,.,. for this l year!' r. .r Y The Hard Part. slt—'•It's bad enough to eget caught,' bat think ofi the way that green. • If the busit bears the antoltert nasty flsitor'nten will lie about inclportion which is cltarnctezistie of bud - Conrad i'. Mayer•-•Sitmty Nat very hardy.