HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1925-10-01, Page 7STRETCH THE MANURE -PILE
Some Hints on }low This May be Done on .the; ,Average
•
BY. 0, B. PRICE.
While manure is not a balanced through fermentation. Where the
plant rood, nevertheless it should all land is .'level it can .be .applied at al-
be saved ;and applied economically. most any time convenient and can be
Enough manure is not produced to hauled directly from the barn.
meet the -needs of the average farm- Manure should be evenly spread for
er. Where the supply is limited it is best results. This is difficult to do
better to apply four to •six tons per without .,a manure spreader. In some
acre over the entire field rather than places it is the practice to haul to the.
use a heavy application over a• small- field, put into small piles, and then,.
er area, The effieiencyper ton of 'spread from these piles by hand.,
manure is greater where the small There is no advantage to this, but it
applications are used. . does increase the labor cost.
After manure is produced, great The value of manure can be great=
care Should' be observed inpreventing ly increased by the;. addition of • some
the less of the plant food eleinents. reinforcing material. Gypsum or
Bacteria are constantly working in land plaster, rock phosphate and acid
manure, liberating much of the am-ephosphate are commonly used. Acid.
mania. This Loss can readily be de= phosphate is the best to use. Besides
tested by the strong odor of ammonia taking up much of the ammonia,
in the barn. This is a product of de- which would be lost through fermen-
composition and fermentation. It can tation and leaching, it adds an avail -
be prevented to a great extent by able form of phosphoric acid to the
packing or keeping thoroughly moist. manure. This is important, for ma -
This slows up or prevents the bac- nure is low in phosphoric acid. When
terial action which ;Liberates the am- acid phosphate is used at the rate of
monia.' Manure in a thoroughly dry forty to fifty pounds per ton of ma-
and ,compact condition, or thoroughly nure it supplies plenty of available
wet, does not ferment very fast. When phosphoric acid for the average crops.
it is moderately, moist the bacterial Limestone' may be used with manure
action is fastest. but it will not have the same effect
Much of the value of manure is on the ammonia that acid phosphate
also lost by weathering and leaching. does. Hydrated lime should never be
In addition to large amounts of nitro- used in direct contact with an appli-
gen being lost, much phosphoric acid, cation of manure, for it has a tend -
potash and organic matter are wash- ency to liberate additional ammonia.
ed away from the, manure piles that It is much better to apply any kind
are allowed to remain in the barn of lime separately.
lot unprotected. Liquid manure, It makes little difference if the ma-
whichcontains niuch nitrogen and
potash, is often lost through the
drainage waters around the barn.
Phosphoric acid does not Ieach away
to as great an extent as does nitro-
gen Or potash.
Much of theplant food in manure,
can be saved by immediate applica-
tion to the land. The topography of
the land, of course, is an. important
factor, Whenmanure is spread on
hillsides there is danger of consider-
able loss by erosion unless it is work-
ed well into the soil. This should be
done immediately after application..
Applications during the winter should
be delayed irpossible. When applied
on the snow much of the plant food
is carried away 'with the melting
snow. If it is kept compact or wet,
or •if it freezes there is little loss
nure is plowed under or used as a
top -dressing. This will depend upon Sweet Clover Cultivation.
where it is to be used. When used In his pamphlet on "Sweet Clover,"
NEW CANADIAN PRIMA DONNA
This le Miss Loretta McEwen; soprano, chcsen„out of a hundred Canadian
competitors, as possessing the greatest possibilities for an operatic career.
With her le Captain Clews, df the Canadian Pacific. liner Melita. Miss Mc-
Ewen is on her way to Paris to study her art, under Madame Pauline Donalda,
world -famed songstress:
The competition in which, Misa ,Meb7,wen was successful wee held recent-
ly in Montreal. Voices frontall over the Dominion were heard by Madame
Donalda, who adjudicated.
Miss McEwen possesses a soprano voice of great range and power, Is
a good actress, well educated, speaks: French and Englih fluently and is con-
versant with ItalianandSpanish. Madame Donalda hasp expressed the opinion
that there is a great career before the singer Just brought into the limelight.
Miss McEwen is the daughter of Mr. William McEwen, of Outremont,
Montreal. On her father's' side the descent is Scotch and on her mother's
it is French: "I hope 'I shall bring credit to Canada," were her farewell
words to friends seeing her off on the Melita, which sailed from M.ontreaI,
for corn it is best to plow it ,underd.
when used for wheat it is generally
put on as a top -dressing. A light
dressing of manure on the soil for
clovers and alfalfa seedings is a great
aid in establishing a good stand.
There is danger, however, of intro-
ducing noxious weeds when this is
done. Well -rotted manure is best for
top -dressing for it contains fewer
weed seeds.
Use the manure on the lighter and
less productive spots on the farm.
Much of the nitrogen and organic
matter can be supplied in this way.
It should be kept in mind, however,
that additional phosphoric acid is
needed to make a balanced plant food.
The Storage of Apples.
It is a rare thing to find an apple
grower who is equipped with a really
satisfactory and adequate storage
plant. Sometimes it is impossible .foil
a grower to have such a plant, ' be=
•cauee he cannot 'afford ' it; but most of
us, if we really put our minds to it,
mightvery decidedly improve on
what we have. And if we cannot do
it now, thenwe ought at least to have.
the matter very definitely in mind
and be planning for such a storage
when the time comes.
A really good storage which will
keep our apples in perfect condition
right through the season would revo-
lutionize the apple business. It would
put our product in the consumers'
hands in better condition, thereby
encouraging consumption; it would
extend the period over which we would
have apples for sale, which would yards, demonstrations in hog grading
also increase consumption; it would at country shipping points, demon -
make us measurably independent of strations on export bacon sides, win-
buyers and market conditions by en- ter short courses at country points
age is one of our -vital problems and
we shall solve it most quickly if a lot
of us get to work on the solution.
Improvement in Canadian
Bacon.
Canada normalcy produces more
pork than she consumes. Great Bri-
tain provides the only market for
our surplus, and the future of our
pork industry depends, therefore, on
our ability to produce a commodity
that the British market will buy. The
best seller of all pork products on
that market is the good quality bacon
side, generally known as "Wiltshire."
Sensing the need for improvement in
our export bacon, about three years
ago the Dominion Dept. of Agricul-
ture launched a bacon hog campaign
which includes the grading of live
hogs at packing houses and stock
abling us to hold our crops when
prices were not satisfactory.
Last April the writer had the plea-
eure of , eating a McIntosh apple in
absolutely perfect condition, though
the normal season for that variety is
October and November. It had been
kept in a farm storage, but a. good
one. What would not such a storage
and at packing plants, the organiza-
tion of boys' and girls' swine clubs
and of bacon hog fairs, and assistance
in the filling of orders for pure bred
boars and sow stock of bacon, type.
The :success of this campaign has
been striking. In 1924 there were
89,000 more hogs marketed evhich
graded select bacon than in 1923, and
on every apple farm do for the app` -'e there has been a remarkable improve-
industry? Now, we cannot all have rent in the quality of hogs in the
. such storages, but we can make a second or "thick smooth" grade.
• start. Canada's commercial position. over
What are the essentials of such a seas has also greatly improved in the
storage? What shall we aim . at? consistent narrowing in the price be -
Perhaps the two most important tween top, Danish and top Canadian
points to consider, so far .as causing bacon. A Canadian packing house
the apples to keep well, aretemper- entered Wiltshire sides at the London
ature and moisture. It has been Dairy Show last autumn and the
shown that a temperature of about autumn before and carried off pre-
85 degrees, which is as low 82 we can eller honors each year. In 1924 the
usually expect to get an unrefriger- marketing of hogs was the heaviest
ated storage, will be quite satisfac-, in the history of this country yet the
tory, and we ought to aim to secure price levers for the concluding weeks
this temperature in our storage room.were the highest of the year, this be -
just as early in the autumn as poseing due to our ability to export our
able. 13y keeping the cellar open; surplus to advantage and to increased
and well ventilated on cold nights domestic consumption, the direct re -
and closingit inthe morning it_ is suit of improvement in qua*.,possible in many' orchard sections to' a•
force. the temperature down to a sur- . It seem to tee that' tanners who
prisingly low point in 'a relatively, s
do •not week with their agricultural
short time. representative and use the free cor-
As to moisture, apples will usually respondence 'courses of their agricul-
keep best in a fairly moist atmos- tural colleges are' missing' a lee of
phere, 80 per cent. humidity being profitable information' that may, be
perhaps'"the best for,,,most varietieshad for the askin ,—Olivcr Summers.
and conditions, This means that we g
should avoid a concrete floor unless
we 'have special means to keep the
air moist,
A third point •of .decided importance
in a storage room is ventilation, since
stagnant air is not conducive to the
best keeping of fruit.
Other points to be kept in mind in
this storage of ours are adequate pro-
tection against extreme cold, if one is
in a section where this 18 likely to
occur—to be secured most easily by
dead Mr spaces; protectioe against
changes in temperature, which are
always ob;jectionabe'y and guarding
against any type of heating.
TI have is or i w su estive: -Stor-
Paint or automobile enamel tori:
work wonders on a buffet set. Per-
haps :.you have a well -shaped bowl
and a pair of candle sticks that do
not match. The materials of which
they are composed need not neces-
sarily be the same. Give each a coat
of bisek or dark blue enamel and see
what a lovely buffet set will result.
—Mrs. E. C. y•
Photographs have been taken by
MORTIS of a solid steal bail in place
oe, an ordinary lees. The light goee
round, irist ad of' through, this novel
Metal Tens.
Mr. Derick of the Brandon, Man.,
Dominion Experimental Farm throws
out some suggestions deserving of
consideration not only in his own
province, i ee generally elsewhere.
After alluding to the fact' that the
value of sweet clover' as a soil builder
has been definitely proved, Mr. Der -
ick says: Sweet clover can be depend-
ed upon for good yields of, hay under
almost any conditions of soil and
climate; as a pasture it has a carry-
ing capacity unequalled by most
crops; it is an abundant seed pro-
ducer; it can be made into silage, but
to prevent sliminess requires farther
maturity or to be mixed with some 1
dry roughage; early seeding is re -1
commended; when a nurse crop is
used 10 or 15 pounds of clover seed per
acre is a satisfactory rate of seed-
ing; shallow seeding is preferable,
provided the seedbed is mellow and
firm; seeding with a nurse crop at J
slightly less than the normal rate lei
economical; cutting the crop 1. the
early bud stage, leaving a. four or
five -inch stubble will make the most
palatable hay and allow for a second
growth; harvesting with the binder
and curing in the sheaf will preserve
the maximum amount of leaves and
reduce the cost of handling the crop;
brome grass has advantages over
other grasses as a mixture with
sweet clover; growing sweet clover in
intertilled rows for seed production
is recommended; inoculation of the
seed is inexpensive and is advisable
on the newer fields.
Control. of the Bark Beetle.
Writing of the; bark beetle' and its
control in Eastern Canada, Dr. J. M.
Swaine, Associate Dominion Entom-
ologist, advises that during the latter
part of the summer and in autumn
before it is safe to burn, the infested
bark can be removed quickly with a
narrow spade, such as those used in
fire -fighting. But, Dr.. Swaine adds,
it has proved cheaper and more • ef-
fective to saw up the tree and burn
it whenever the fire hazard permits.
Burning aim destroys the secondary
beetles that undoubtedly play an im-
portant part in the outbreaks. If the
trunk is peeled it may be salvaged
for pulp several years after it be-
comes infested and for lumber if
wood -boring beetles have not already
entered it.
The treatise on the destructive bark
beetle makes a pamphlet of thirty
■.bilk �.V � ��� ��`��T' .. _, ..
(1,14011fE'R.H.TO DATE,
BY EDITH M. BURTIS.
T3ow te convert last year's clothes Cat these insert sections the length
into this year's modes is not the rid-
dle that on first thought it may seem
to be, and I am hopeful'that the fol-
lowing suggestions will serve to in-
spire ways and means for your -.re-
modeling problems.
True, the straight-line silhouette
has had to take second place in favor
of the flared silhouette. But since
there are several variations. of the
flare and many of these are easily at-
tained, the change in line need cause
no anxiety to the woman who must
utilize every garment es long as there.
is a possible chance of remodeling it.
In fact, the flare offers excellent re-
modeling suggestions.
Take for example the conversion of
a straight-line slip -on -over -the -head
dress into a jumper frock to be worn
over shirt blouses or guinpes.
It is an easy matter to cut out the
front and the underarms by putting
the dress to be thus remodeled on a
dress form or on some person of sim-
ilar size and shape, and, with a tape
measure and pins, marking the exact
depth and shaping that will convert
desired, including a hem allowance in
width to match the hem of the dress
and about eight and three-qua'tere
inches wide, which width will allow.
for two plaits each- two inches wide
and for an adequate seam .allowance
on each. edge of 'three-eighths of an
inch.
The next step in the remodeling
process is to join the plait insert sec-
tion to each edge of the skirt open-
ing, then meet these edges at the
centre of the insert and carefully and
neatly press the plaits thus formed
into position, fastening the insert
section at the top by stitching or fell-
ing neatly to the dress.
GEORGETTE FOR PR7sSs-UP FROCKS.
Or if the straight actress to be re-
modeled is of a character suitable to
use as a dress -up dress, as for in-
stance one of the printed silks that
have been so fashionable the past
summer, it is pleasing to know that
it can be transformed into a modish-
ly flared.frock by the aid of shirred
inserts of georgette and without ani,.
undue expenditure of time and effort
the old frock into a jumper. Next Four inserts are a sufficient num
mark these lines with chalk or with ber to give an entirely new line and
a basting thread and then cut away an up-to-date appearance to an old
the material to effect the shaping de- frock, provided each shirred section
sired, leaving, however, a seam allow-
ance of one-quarter or three-eighths
of an inch. .
Finish the edges with a narrow
bias facing, preferably of silk. If a
cord is inserted in the bias facing it
will prevent the armhole and neck -
pages with „seven plates and can be line from stretching or tearing.
The pockets may be procured from
had free on application to the Pub-
lications Branch, Ottawa. Outbreaks the •piece cut out of the front of the
of the beetle have been reported in dress.
the Gaspe .Peninsula, Que., the Al To get the skirt flare may not seem
gonia district in Ontario, in northern so simple a procedure, though it real -
Manitoba, northern Saskatchewan, ly is an easily done bit of work.
1 d 'parts Open the side seams of the dress
o f Britishzn Alberta, an in
some to the height desired, which may need
of . Columbia
---CP , 'to be governed to some extent by the
Flowers in Winter. material available, but in any case
Boys, and especially girls, you be content, since flares of all descrip-
should have a vase of flowers or irons are fashionable and you can
leaves on the centre -table all the year m Hoe mistake.
However, it -is more than likely that
round. It brightens the room and these plait sections must of necessity
makes it look more homelike. In Sep- be of a different material, so, as a
concrete example, let us assume that
the plait flare will start at the hips,
tember and October there are many
twigs and branches with fall -leaves
that look beautiful. For November
use chrysanthemums or branches of
beautiful leaves. Learn to make your
arrangements artistic. Massing the
#io`avers often spoils the effect. Let
the 'stem and. the beautiful foliage
show. In Japan they teach the.chil-
dren in the schools how to arrange
flowers, and this is called "Ben chi
1 jin"- meaning God, universe and
matt, There is a deep and wonderful
significance in this. Flowers surely
make one feel as though he were
closer to God.. And besides, a. girl
who likes to make bouquets or raise
flowers shows inborn refinement. A
;boy who likes plants, be they big
pines on the mountains or pansies in
mother's garden, has the makings of
a gentleman.—C. P. S.
Lost $1,600,000.
By the farmers of Ontario, through
sowing seed wheat infested with the
spores of Loose Smut and Stinking
SmThiut.
s loss is preventable.
Treatment for Stinking Smut of
'Wheat—Remove all smut balls by the
use of a good and properly adjusted
fanning mill, or by placing the seed
grain, a bushel at a time, in a tub of
water:. and stirring. The smut balls
being light will rise to the surface
and can be skimmed off. When the
smut balls are removed treat the seed
with formalin as fellows: Place the
wheat to be treated in a pile on the
barn floor and shovel it over into
another pile, and as the shovelling is
going on spray with a solution con-
sisting of one part formalin and 40
parts water. Use this solution at the
rate of one pint to twenty-five bushels
of seed. A small quart sealer sprayer
is the best for this use. Cover the
treated, grain with sacks for 4 or 5
hours and then sow. Sacks and drill
should also be treated.
CANING WITH a. .. WAGON
BY HIRAM H. SHEPARD.
All of us have a little of the Indian, f dry the weather, to take along a geode
the primitive savage, inus yet. And sized tarpaulin, or canvas, to protect
it is a good thing for our.bodies and the campers and outfit from possible
for our minds that-' we still possess rain. To support the canvas over the
Sonie savage nature. It keeps us wagon, cut two poles about as thick
'closer to the, ground, closer to Mother as your arm and eight to ten feet
Nature, where" we are healthier, long to stand up V fashion at front
stronger and happier. and rear of the wagon, crossing and
. We older and younger y r bo s likd to blinding the . tops with baling wire,
.
get asvey from the hard grind and Then cut a pole a little heavier than
stift. mechanics of the farm. these,stakes, about twelve feet long,
We like to go camping as many to serve as a ridgepole. The supp r -
times of the year as we can. One of ing poles should be sharpened at
the very best ways is to go in the lower ends for sticking in the ground.
All'shelud be wired to the wagon to
m3KO the whose frame firm.
Over the ridgepole the enuvas is
spread.
in the absence of other covering
for our camp wagon, we have often
taken and used the platform and ele-
vator binder canvases, Burlap bags
Tipped and spread out and sewed to-
gether with 'wrapping, twine make
;good endpieces for a V tent.their barks removed, es a result of
Burlap bags, also, stuffed with clean einilcnts carried out by the Arn-
.
ft h k (land camp' evperican Veterinary' 1
pi1;?o've orbedtk
farm wagon.
The best camping p tee, of course,
is' along somo good-sized creek, lake
or; river in the thickest woods you
can find. With a team and wagon
you can go anywhere..
Two boys, evert four; can sleep like
tops in the wagon box on a bed of
hay or straw. With a high -wheel
farm wagon, a dandy cot for two can
be slung underneath from the wagon
axles. Sleeking on the ground is all
right in dry, warm, weather, but not
for .damp ground and cool nights,
It is always well* no matter how
is not less than half' a yard wide.
The height of these sections should;
be determined by the figure require-,
ments of the wearer, though the hip
high inserts are safer for all types
of figure: Make those sections and
arrange them before cutting away:
the material of the frock underneath)
since' this is an easier method than
the plan of first cutting the dress;
which would probably be the method
to come first to mind.
A scarf of the georgette fastened
under the collar and looped at the
back will add to the dressiness of the
frock, or, if preferred, this scarf may..
be adjusted so that it will tie at the;
front.
Two strips of georgette about nine
inches wide, each strip one yard in
length, are • required, and machine
picot -edge finish is preferable to a
rolled hem, though the latter finish
may be used if it is not possible to
have picoting done.
Best Bulbs for Fall Planting.
Flowers are; no doubt, enjoyed
more in the spring than at any other
period. of the growing season. After
a long winter the first flowers are
eagerly sought for and if bulbs have
been planted in the autumn one has
not long to wait for. flowers for
Snowdrops bloom as soon as the snow
has gone. Then come in rapid succes-
sion, and some at the same time, the
Scillas or Squills, Glory of the Snow
or Chionadoxa, Crocus, Grape Hya-
cinth, Dutch Hyacinth, Narcissus in
great variety, and early, cottage and
Darwin Tulips. These give a suc-
cession of bloom from early in April,
earlier if the frost is out of the
ground, until well on in June.While the bulbs are growing in
Ho ,land, the flowers for next year are
being formed in the bulb, Later, the
bulbs are dug, cured and shipped to
Canada. Knowing that the flowers
are already formed in the bulbs be-
fore planting, he who proposes either
to grow them in the garden or pot
them for the house will readily under-
stand that large, well-developed bulbs
are likely to give better flowers than,
small ones. In ordering this should
be remembered. No amount of care
biomescan add more biomes to a hyacinth
spike than were formed when the
bulb was growing in Holland.
Unless the bulbs are well rooted in
the soil outside or in the pots in the
house, the • results will not be satis-
factory, hence the desirability of ob-
taining them as soon as they are •
offered for sale in the stores, which
evil' be during the month of Septem-'
ber. Tulips, narcissus and hyacinths
should be planted from four to six
inches deep to the bottom of the bulb,
and about the same distance apart,
while the smaller bulbs, such as snow-
drops, crocuses, and squills, may be
planted about two inches apart and
from two to three inches deep.
Some of the most satisfactory var-
ieties of the more important bulbs for
the garden are:
Narcissus—Emperor, Sir Watkin,
Madame de Graaff, Madame Plemp,
Poeticus.
Hyacinthe-La Grandesso, Grand
Liras, King of the Blues,, •Gigantea,
Boise des Berges.
Early Single Tulips—Duchess de
Parma, ' Gold Finch, Keizerskreon,
Lady Boreel, Maes, Cottage Maid, Sir
Thos, Lipton, Prosperine, Golden,
Queen.
Early Double Tulips--Couronne
d'Or, Imp•erator Rubrorum, Murillo.
Cottage Tulips_Macrospiela, Go1-
den Crown, Picotee, and many others..
Darwin Tulips---Bartigon, Clara
Butt, Farncombci, Sanders, Isis, Ed-
mee, Frans Hass, Millet, Wm, Pitt,
Gretchen.
To make mashed potatoes light and
creamy, heat then, well with a fork,
adding a little hot milk.
harking dog's which become a rade-
arco tan now be "e : _ n d" lry having
CUP
'1
,f ,4`
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THE NEW elentm:u HAS A fl ARE.
Straight lines combined with the
side flare assume a charming ,effect ir.
this coat -dress cf becoming design.
The deep rover in jabot effect crosses
the front in a diagonal line and term-
' inates in a graceful cascade at the
left hip, A vestee is set under the V
neck, and the long tailored sleeves are
button -trimmed. The diagram pic-
tures the simplicity of this frock,
which the home sewer will delight to
make. No. 1190 is in sizes 39, 38, 40,
42 and 44 inches bust. Size 8& bust
requires 4% yards of 36 -inch, or 8
yards of 154 -inch material without
figure or nap. For dress without
drapery % yard less material is re-
quired. Price 20 cents.
Many styles of smart apparel may
be found in our Fashion Book. Our
designers originate their patterns In
the heart of the style centres, and
their creations are those of tested
popularity, brought within the means
of the average w onian. Price of the
book 10 cents the copy.
HOW'1'0 ORDER PATTERNS.
Write your name and address plairie
ly, giving number end size of such
patterne as you want. Enclose 20c in
stomps 01 coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for each number, anl.
address your order to Pattern Dept„
Wilson Publishing Co., 3 West Ada::
VSedical Associa• laide St., Toronto. Patleriia sent b.
ks. tione ratCrn mail,