Zurich Herald, 1925-02-26, Page 2.... - ...
iteSsirlkes communications to At:trona416C. 73 Adelaide St, Weat. Toronto
FERTILIZER MIXTURES FOR terms of dollars and cents the results
POTATOES. are different. The market value of
s the extra 15.8 bushels increase due to
May profitable returns be obtain
ed front the use of commercial fertil- the larger application is $7.57 against
izers? What is the best combination an extra charge of $9,09 for fertilizer.
This showa reduction in profit of
for potatoes? What is the most econ- e
$1.52 per acre from the heavier ap-
amical quantity to use per acre? These
questions are at this season of the plication. The increased yield of the
Year uppermost in the minds of the 1,500 over 1,000 -pound a.pplication
was 24 bushes
growers. With the increased demand lwith a market value of
for potatoes, both for the home and $11.52 against the extra cost of $9.09
export market, there has come the for fertilizer. This left a profit of
demand for a supplement to farmyard $2.43 per acre over cost• of fertilizer
manure to provide the necessary food in fiver of the 1,500 pounds. If in -
elements such as nitrogen, phosphoric.
Iterest on investment, freight, truckage
acid and potash. i and handling charges are taken into
The growers will be reviewing !consideration, these figures would indi-
their cate that of the several applications
past year's experience and results
employed 1,000 pounds per acre is the
from the use of various combinations,'
and comparing them with those of I most economical application and not
profit -
their neighboring growers, in order ably used on the average soil. The preceding figures are based on
more than 1,500 pounds can be to arrive at some decision as to the.
most economical mixture and quantity'
to use for 1924. In order to aid theml the average of all mixtures sown at
e
in determining these questions, a poundssee...;ihrate °f 2,000, 1,500 and 1,000ll marketable N-
ies of experiments was started at the' dper acre. All
I tatoes were valued at 55 cents per
Experimental Farm, Nappan, in 1922. I bushel and the unmarketable et 20
While it is realized that no hard and In summarizing the results, it
fast rules can be laid down in the use i may be said that, at a reasonable
of commercial fertilizers, nor may ppire, a well balanced fertilizer ap-
plied at the rate of 1,000 to 1,200
pounds per acre will give profitable
returns from the average soil.
ea'
final deductions be drawn from two
years' results, nevertheless, it is felt
that these results may help in making
a decision.
It may first be noted from this work
that commercial fertilizers have a dis-
tinct value in potato production. The
average yield from all plots receiving
an application of fertilizer was 247.6
bushels per acre, while the average
from the twelve check plots without
fertilizers was 107.5 bushels, thus
showing an, increased yield of 140.1
bushels per acre, of which one-fifth
were graded unmarketable and valued
at 20 cents a bushel, while the market-
able were valued at 55 cents per
bustel. This gave a gross return of
$67.20 per acre on the increased yields
over check in favor of the fertilized
plots. The average cost of fertilizer
was $27.27 per acre, leaving an aver-
age net profit of $39.98 per acre.
The second point of interest is what
mixture gives the best results. By
averaging the two years' results the
respective standing of the different
mixtures tested are as follows, based
on the value of the increased yield
over the check plots: No. 1, 3-8-6 mix-
ture with a yield of 260.8 .bushels per
acre gives a profit of $43.50 over cost
of fertilizer; No. 2, 4-8-10 yielded
270.6 bushels and $41.42 profit; No. 3,
4-8-8 yielded 267.2 bushels and $41.40
profit; No. 4, 3-6-6 yielded 246.5 bush-
els and 838.93 profit; .No. 5, 4-6-6
yieldea 247.1 buqestats end` $37.20 Sheer
fit; NO. 6, 4..8-6 Ailded 249.5 bushels
and 634.25 profit; No. '7, 5-8-6 yielded
POULTRY.
Since an egg will start to incubate
very slowly at a temperature of 68
deg. to '70 deg. F., it is well to put
eggs that are to be used for hatching
in a place that is below this temper-
ature as soon as possible after they
are laid.
Just what is the temperature at
which eggs for hatching- first begin to
show the unfavorable effects of chill-
ing is not so accurately known.
Practical experience seems to indi-
cate that best results will be obtained
from eggs held at as uniform a temp-
erature as possible, somewhere be-
tween the limits of 55 deg. and 65
deg. F.
The place most likely to furnish
favorable holding conditions is a cool,
well -ventilated cellar.
Since thermometers will not remain
accurate indefinitely it is -always a
wise precaution to test each one that
is to be used in an incubator in order
to be sure that it is indicating the cor-
rect teraperature.
This may be done easily by compar-
ing it with an ordinary clinical ther-
mometer. Immerse the two bulbs in
warm, water, stir the water well to be
sure that it is of uniform temperiature
throughout 'end readdthe two )6ser-
mometers. - •
Care should of course he taken. to
250.8 bushels and $31,24 profit; No. use water that is only lukewarm, so
8, 6-6-6 yielded 234.1 bushel's and that. there will be, no danger of break -
4;26.93 profit; No. 9, 4-8-4 yielded
238.6 bushels and $26.11 profit; No.
10, 6-6-6 yielded 216,5 bushels and
$15.35 profit.
From the preceding figures it will
be noted that, in the main, those mix-
tures reasonably low in nitrogen and
high in phosphoric acid and potash
gave the highest profits.
The highest two-year average was
obtained from the use of a 3-8-6 fertil-
lzer, that is, one containing 8 per cent.
nitrogen, 8 per cent. phosphoric acid
(citric sohible) and 6 per cent. potash.
The 4-8-10, 4-8-8 and 3-6-6 mixtures
all gave good profits and from the
two-year average, it would appear
that any one of these four formulae
would give satisfactory returns. Fur-
ther, the resultwould indicate that
with a reduction in the amount of
potash applied there will be a corres-
ponding decline in the profits.
Having shown that commercial
fertilizer can be used economically in
the growing of potatoes,
further that
certain combinations give better re-
sults than others, the next question is,
what is the Maximum amount to ap-
ply per acre? From a two-year aver-
age, the 2,000 -pound application yield- ed on a wooden. frame 3x5 feet. Here
ed 266 bushels per acre or an increase is what the sign says:
over the average of all checks of 159
bushels, the 1,500 -pound application
yielded 250.2 bushels, or an increase
or 143.2 bushels over all checks, the
1,000 -pound application yielded 226.7
bushels per acre or an increase of
119.2 bushels -over checks.
At first glance it would appear that
the 2,000 -pound application would be
the more profitable, but when put in,
ing the thermometer. Since the im-
portant range of the incubator ther-
mometer is from about 99 deg. to 104
deg. F. it is the scale between these
limits to which most attention should
be given. One need ,not .care if the
thermometer is inaccurate above or
below this range if it records the tem-
perature correctly at the incubation
point. -
Occasionally it is necessary to use
a centigrade thermometer as the
standard of comparison. Since the
scale on this thermometer is entirely
different from that on the Fahrenheit
thermometer used in incubators it is
well to remember that 104 deg. F. is
equal to 40 deg. C. andethat 99.5 deg.
F. is the same of 37.5 deg. C. If the
thermometer is accurate at these two
points it is reasonably certain to be
correct at intervening points on the
scale.
Poster Sells His Apples.
What a roadside poster can do has
been demonstrated at the Henry
Adams fruit farm. The poster is
xnade of heavy cardboard' and Mount -
SLOW DOWN, FRIENDS!
.••••• .Just wanted to tell you that
there's sense mighty fine Baldwin
and Red Macintosh E‘pples for
sale on this farin at only $1.50
per buehel. Come in.
Daring the first two weeks Mr.
Adam§ sold 320 bushels of apples,
bringing in a total of $480.
Farmer Proves Value of Pure Bred Bull
W. G. Potter received $52.25 more for steers aired by a
Pure Bred Bull than for steers sired by a Scrub Bull. He
shipped five steers from common grade cows of eqaal
merit. The two steers sired by a 8 crub Brill brought $95.55
each, while the three steers sired by the Pure Bred
brought $147.80 each. The steers received the same care.
Fewer and better cattle are more profitable than a
larger number of Scrub animals,
Make your cows work for yoa rather than you should
work for them. _
Your lteg sesolution sess to get rid of that Scrub Bull -Have you
done itt
BETTER BULLS PAY 1,63
•
1
•SUN LIFE. ASS...JR 3CE C
OF C N A DA
HEAD OFFICE •• MONTREAL
A Statement of Remarkable Progress
Extracts from Directors' Report
Your Pireetars present their fifty-fourth Annual Report with
unusual savers:soon. 'The rapid expansion of operations, and the
steady upbuilding o resourcesi which have so markedly dame-
terized the Conspeny'e trensections'in previous years, have con-
tinued daring the post twelve montliainstd at a greatly increaeed
rate pf progress, ' ,
These 'figuresiltmltitquot4 show the growth which
Las -taken place in the volume of the Company's operations. and
in iteresources.lbe figures a.s, to profit -earning power and final?,
tidal strength are even more iinpress14.
As 19 profits actually pe14. the stIm 40,681,659.40 has been
4isbursoi during tbe year to policyholders under this heading.
As to piovision for the future, the Cemitally's Position has been
•raaterially strengthened in itirdireetioed.. •
There has been a further upbuildingof the lite policy reserves.
Ileretofore•policies issued prior to 190S have been valued on the
basis otaskuming three and hencr cent. interest, es the dis-
counting rate for the Conspith;,Mbligations, but this year the
entire life assurance contracts have been valued at three per cent.,
the exerts amount thus set aside being 81,111,03e.
'There had 4154 been strengthening of the Annuity Reserves.
Recent investigations have altown a progressive increase in the
average. lifetime 4if 'anntiltarits. 'A. special annuity reserve of
8756000 has this -year been set Up beyond the amount required
by the Goverturicat standard,
The Company'ellead Office and branch buildings and other
real estate* base been written down by rg0.000. •
The Contingency Reserveslave been strengthened by the addi-
tion of 04.000,000 taken from thaearnings'of the year, 0$,600,000
of this .amount going to the fund to provide for possible fluctua-
tions in the market value of our securities, raising that fund to
.83,000,060, and 81,000.000 going to General Contingencies aer,
count,eaising that to $6406,000..Thesc contingency account, thus
amount now to easoorxe.
After making these heavy Allocations, the undivided surplus
has yet been increased by 0,284400, bringing it to a total of
U2,101,368:
The Company is. 01 Monne, In a position to increase its already
generSus scale of profits to policyholders, and your Directors have
'ptensure in announcing,* for the fifth year in succession, that such
an increase will be meat.
White many factors have matt exited to this 'remarkable show-
ing. the most noteworthy has been the large earning from invest-
ments. As has been mentioned in previous reports. it has for many
yearbeen the policy of the Company to invest in long-term bonds
and similar choice securities, in order that by this means the high
rates of inWest then prevailing as a result of the abnormal con-
ditions produced by the war, might be projected into future years.
'This policY is now bearing/rah. Current rates of interest, though
till very satisfactory, are Materially lower than those of former
years, and as a, consequebte there has been a marked rise in the
quotations for most of the securities owned by the Company.
Dining the past year sante. of these increased values have been
capitalized by sales, and a net profit of $4,891,250.48 has been
realized from this source. In addition there has been an increase
of 86,531,377:09 in the market value of the securities still held.
.Although most of this increased value is undoubtedly permanent.
and due merely to the readjustment of interest rates to a more
normal. basis, it. be 'toted that the Cotnpany has carried
04,000,000 ot the amount to contineetior accounts; as alreedY
mcOained.
The rote of interest earned dental the year on the mean invested.
assets has been 6.38 per cent:, exclusive of profits from rales. This
is a substantial inerea.se ever the rate of the previous year, and has
resulted from our having realized on some of our holdings of gov-
ernment and other bonds whielehad risen to high figures, the pro-
ceeds being then reinvested ist securities yielding better returns.
ANY
1924
New Assurances Paid For $137,466,000
Increase . . . 830,075,000
Total Income
Increase . „ . $15,230,060
Payments to Policyholders
and Beneficiaries
(Total paid since organization,
pa3,798,000)
Assots at December 31st.
Increase . . , $6-4,873,000
Reserves for Unforeseen
Contingencies ,
Surplus Over All Liabilities
and Contingency Reserves
Increase... . . $4,234,000
$62,245,000
$31,881,000
$274,130,000
- $7,500,000
$22,107,000
Assurances in Force (Net) • $871,636,000
Increase . . $167,871,060
- Policies in force(excluding Group Polities). . 384,113
Employees of firms protected by Group Policies, 30,160
Dividends to policyholders again increased
rirwirorTratr*
The Sun Life ranks amongst the Foremost
Life Assurance Institutions
of the World
Incorporated 2865
LANDSCAPING THE FARM HOME
It's Easy to Transform Bleak Surroundings Into a Beauty
Spot.
BY FRANK A. WAUGH.
early in the spring or in early fall. In
some localities one season is better,
Etna in some localities another, but
early spring planting is usually satis-
factory, unless the soil is very dry or
unless a serious spring drought en-
sues.
The kind of grass seed to be used
on this lawn is partly a matter of
taste, partly a matter of soil condi-
tions and considerably a question of
climate. The standard lawn -grass
mixtures bought ready-made from the
seedsmen are usually satisfactory,
especially if the highest -priced mix-
tures are chosen. Cheap mixtures are
to he entirely avoided.
'In any case only the best grades of1
seed should be bought. These should!
be mixed and sowed broadcast at the
rate of 120 to 150 pounds to the acre.
By this time we are ready to plant
Solna trees. The elms, maples and
oaks are especially desirable.
EIPPECTiVE WINDBREAKS.
Hundreds of farmhouses are bare
and dreary -perched on high, bare
foundations, unshaded by trees, with
none of the decorative beauty that
comes from shrubsrflowers and 'awe.
They need not be so. Simple land-
scaping is easy to do, and the results
are astonishing.
First of all conies the, necessary
clean-up. The home grounds must be
cleaned up and kept clean. Good house-
keeping is just as important outside
the house as inside.
The next step is often to place a
satisfactory fence around the imme-
diate home grounds. On Most farina
-the home yard is subject to incursions
from livestock, the tractor, the flivvey
and the binder. These must be kept
out of the front yard at all costs.,
Of course this fence must be a, good
one. It should be made of solid posts
and boards in some simple, not too
ornamental, pattern. It might be
painted white, gray or green. A picket
fence is very pretty in a village or
_.,....i
Began 6 usiness 1871
------i
old-fashioned, beautiful and indis-
pensable lila, several of the native
dogwoods, the forsythias, the deutzias,
Japanese quince, the hydrangea, any
of the hardy privets, several species
of bush honeysuckle, the good old-
fashioned mock orange, the flowering
almond, dwarf species of sumac, al-
most any of the hardy roses, the
bridal -wreath spirrea and other spir-
seas and the viburnums.
Vines have been recommended for
these same plantings. The species
most widely 'available in this country
are the Virginia creeper, the trumpet,
creeper, the Dutchman's pipe vineethe
bittersweet, clematis, -climbing honey-
suckle, matrimony vine, wistaria and
some of the grapes.
In any s such planting of the farm
home as we WO here discussing, the
planting of flowers will certainly be
desirable.
All the more delicate flowers can be
grown to best advantage in a eepar-
ate flower garden.
In the flower garden one can grow
sweet peas, asters and all his other
favorites. The list is a long one, but
ampng the hardy perennials -and
hardy perennials are especially dealt -
able -n -say be mentioned the follow-
ing: Columbine, campanula, hardy
chrysanthemum, foxglove, sneezewort,
Iceland poppy and Oriental poppy,
SHEEP.
Adequate preparation should be-
forehand be made for handling the
early lambs, as they are very sensi-
tive and readily succumb to adverse
conditions. Lambs dropped during the
severe winter weather are out of sea-
son, and to insure success natural con-
ditions must be provided. Early lambs
care.
are profitable, but demand attentive
The stable should be warm, light
and dry. My experience has been that
there is nothing quite equal to a.base-
ment stable with a wall on the west
and north side and having a south'
exposure. A wall of either stone or
concrete completely shuts out the
sharp cutting winds from the north,
and west and aids in keeping the'
stable at a more uniform temperature.,
If a wall is not 'available a double
matched siding with an airspace be-
tween is second best.
Half the' battle of successful man-
agement of early lambe.depends upon
having a•place where it is warm and,
where a uniform temperature can be
maintaited. The stable should be well
ventilated. yet, at the stme time, free
!fret' drafts and never so cold as to
chill the lembs. Water should never
freeze in a stable where early lambs
Sweet 'William, rudbeckia, larkspur are being raised until the lambe are
at least six weeks old,
• fib • 1 /el t
city, but is hardly appropriate A word aboutu lea cs. ... mos
farm, and a barbed-wire fence is not eve*". Much of the trouble encountered ie
and hollyhock.
farm tome grounds must be,
• i
ti • tt tactive for the tirpose. Protected from wind. handling early lambs may be obviated
This windbreak, of course, will be
in hand.
locatea on the windward side of thel
Then provide a clean' and practical
buildings, usually the north and west:
walk from the trent ,door to the front
- 1t can best be made up of several rows
gate, or to the side, gate where' tee of several species of trees and shrubs.'
automobile stops, er to both. ThiS:
There should be' at least ono or two,
walk should be as elite& as possible. rows of evergreen trees. ' 1
Next, attention should he given. to Shrubs should not be planted in beds
the lawn, for without a reas"•AlYsion the lawn tor as single specimens,1
1
good lawn no home grounds ran- be but mainly in two continuous strips.
considered satisfactory. 1The first of these should run around
Nearly always ib is necessary to re- the foundation of the house.
grade the lawn. It should be plowed' The second strip of shrubbery will
up and put in thoroughly good eondi-, be placed along the margin of the lot
-time At the time of plowing, it is, to form A. boundary and screen.
desirable to use a large quantity, ofi Along with the shrubbery about the
fertiliser, tarnyarcl manure is bet,, house, vines may also be planted.
unlese it happens to be very full of These Are especially desirab.e for
weed seeds. Good eommercial fertild climbing en verandahs or for shading
izer may be very useful, especially if windows which are too sunny,
1
it is accompanied by a reasonable pros-
XinE-IlESTED FAVORITES.
portion of well -rotted barnyard Ma-
nure. ' All this -plant :food should bei ' The catalogue of shrubbery avail -
well, worked into the soil before ' the able for these plantings is a very long
'goad is sown. iene. -
Lawn seeding MAY be. done very 111 title list should be Mentioned the
How 1 Sell Mby giving the ewes extra care (so that
y Rye. the lambs will come strong, and. fell
There is eeldorn any demand for of vitality. Weak, puny, early lambs
rye, and the price paid for same is are a discouraging proposition, and
very low. Last fall 1 had eorne winter especially in cold weather. I have
rye which I was unable to sell for any' feund that by feeding the ewes well
reasonable price. I 'could not use it they drop healthy, robust larnlys, votes
for chickens or stock. Ito their nor< readi'y 1111C 1::W..1.,?‘
, , , 1 •
Nivthiii;tpber sacks,
hall, crokilst,fni5itttplictooitn::11.ed. nslIii:b,oanaungddhgt:seouittleilcide :1 little threoinda; troitcklattlisbin go. iselled.
,-..............-..)...............-.-..
4 I) •
it up neatly. Afterwards these were! .
merited "Rye." I Quick action is ofte.n importaat
grocers, to erinarian arrives, give copious drench-
, 0
There was no diffieulty h. selling' when animals aro poisoned. Until vet -
this flour to retail
others who wished lye 'flour. 1 re- 'es of now milk or melted lard. Giso
oeived almost twice the amount that sheep that have eaten p018011 weeds
1.
the whole grain would have brought, ten grains of powdered alum and per-
-A. S. R.
•••••••••-.
A dead ear of coin may meat nine
hundred -missing stalks.
manganate of potash in one pint of
water, and repeat intwenty minutes.
ee-Dr, A. S. Alexander,
Have faith la cooperation but re-
member that -faith without work is
Fish are seeded and fowls plucked noseing,.....ts, ' •
easily and quickly if dipped into boil- • e
ing water for et instant. 1881.111: No. 8-'26.
---•••••••4•44s-Scelesia•40‹,..4414eStitia...4.
• d