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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1925-02-05, Page 2kr 1: k�. �n n :wmrnunmcatiuna to Ayronoml t, /3 Adelaide St. Went Toronto HARVESTING THE• ICE CROP. The ice crop is the :rales one the farmer liariests that does not rob his Boil of fertility and, considering the advantages of a good home supply of ice, no improvement is more satis- factory than a good stock of ice. "Keep cool" is: exceptionally good advice to the political spellbinder; it is even better to the. farm family on hot summer days when the glass reg - loading a relatively easy task. Let the ropes extend across the load, from the tramway; hitch a horse to it and drag the blocks from the water onto the, load. The third gang of lien should be at the ice house to place each load in po- sition and pack sadwust around it as rapidly as possible, Eight .men with three teams .can work -rapidly in har- Isters around ninety in the shade and vesting a crop of ice by this co-oper- the folks wish to preserve fruit and ative method. vegetables, and when cool drinks are Where the fee is not quite thick so delicious. Then there is the milk enough to meet the need the snow and cream to be cooled and kept cold should be scraped off the surface the until ready for market. day before' the cutting is started, if Eighty per cent of the dairy pro- indications are that the night will be g oft p severely cold. The.snow acts as'an ducts the farm require artificer- insulation and retatards freezing, and ketorcooling before they are rty per mar when it is removed not only is the oft the home use, while thirty per cent. entire mass of ice better frozen, but a ofh vale of dairy products is lost few inches in thickness is .added. through the failure or inability to coil quickly to a low temperature. Abun-I On small;ponds the snow may be 9 y p removed to the shore, but on large dant testimony can be given by the.fields, especially if the snow is deep, manager of the milk plant, cheese fac= it is impracticable to scrape the snow tory or creamery, as well as buyers of entirely off the field. It becomes neces- cream ,and eggs. eery; therefore; to pile it in windrows. Ice on the farm is not a luxury. It xene THEI cum uruFonti. is a money saver and at the .same After the snow is off the field is. time adds to the comfort of the living ready to be marked for cutting. The during at least three months of the marking must be done carefully so year: Six months is a long time to that a'll cakes will be rectangular, look ahead and these winter days do which aids in economical handling and not suggest the added heat of June, •packing in the ice house. If the proper July and August. But now is the time start is made in marking off the ice to "can next summer's cold." E field no trouble . will be experienced, When Jack Frost snaps a way in ' but if not, subsequent cuttings will be January or February, it's a sign for , difficult. the farmers to prepare for next sum -E Success in marking depends largely mer's heat and the ice season is at : on getting thefirst line straight, hand. There is no crop that is pro- which may be done by placing a stake duced so cheaply and brings higher at each end of the proposed line to returns than the ice crop. Instead of serve as a guide. depleting the pocketbook it enriches A straight -edge, consisting . df an the farmer and makes life more at -.ordinary board about fourteen feet "Is the horses 'unharnessed an' fed?" tractive to his family, because it sup- long, is then aligned with the two "Yes." plies a wider variety of high-grade shakes and the cutting tool or hand "Fowls locked up?" foods in sunnier, plow run along its edge, after which "yes.". . Co-operation in ice harvesting is the board -is pushed forward and "Wood chopped fer m.ozvnin'.>'" more important perhaps, than the again aligned with the stakes. This • eyes!, common community get-together at is continued until the entire distance `"Be them ducks plucked an' dressed threshing time. It is best that the ice between the stakes has been covered. fer market?" be cut out and hauled to the storage Another way is to stretch a linea be- "yes•" house as soon as possible to permit tween the stakes and do the marking "Wagon wheel mended an' ready to the ice to form while• it is yet cold, with a hand -plow, though this is not start in hauling wood to -morrow morn - and of preventing waste if freezing so satisfactory, as the hand -plow, can ingte weather is passing. Then, too, the not be operated in so straight a line "Yes." work can be done much snore efficiente with the board.Y. After the first line "Well, then," he concluded, with, DA r..ver Tho dairyman wise plena to have his cows freshen dur'ug• the .fall and early winter lnonths t nd$ lnitnse: f core.,; fronted .with the problem of stabling' a nurnber of young ca.v::s: The corn-! men on practice among dairymen is to stable a number of calves in one pen,i stenchioning while feeding, 'and turn- in, than . moose for exercise, I have never been very rue' .e.aful. ih rearing a number of eaves together. They, contract bad habits that not only' en -1 pairs their growth, but gives trouble later in Iife, Young calves should be given the best of care. They should not be bunt- ed and jostled around: I'fin.d it a`good way to provide -stall pens about four' • 1 ay a EducatiO r he chile'. Fits* Olchool is the F.mfirleeProep.t." ra tc,ble $�i.>tg, $yMarYSSton r. A successful'prima y teacher et znylveiepmeriti Litei'aUly millions i av�et.,;, ecquuintence is an advocate of close .no suitable home play space and play. supervision in both work and play, so she sharply criticized the methods of a certain new -style private school. While visiting there she found one child fussing by herself with various l boxes and other objects on a small table. "What are you doing?" she asked. The child tossed her curls and replied y At in ".a fretful tone, "I don't know what b ix feet to keep the calves : in for I'm doing." the first few weeks. • TheseThis is the latest study of Capt. e . the as strong pens ' are1 The .visitor regarded s made of light panels and can be very Anton Fletteer, inventor of the new ev d:enee: against , the school and easily put' up and taken down. Edellsalllec•s boat,, which, has become the against every other planned along the pen has a small feed box and rack for centre of attention. m all engineering lines of incidental education.' To me, feeding. Vralos on tate continent and in Ameri: the happening by itself was not con -'Too much stress cannot be placed ca. elusive. Surely it isn't well to get upon the importance of having light, • `;" children• in the way of aimless work, a famous son. This was good counsel, dry, well -ventilated quarters for Some ping Good Coriaing., play or 'drag, yet why shouldn't they y yet how often a child might fail to young calves. Damp, poorly lighted Of the forty leading varieties of fuss away sometimes, even irritably, know that he or she was truly "doing quarters are productive of many .of winter . wheattinder test in each of and resentfully, without knowing something; ' when engrossed In a very the troubles attacking young calves, tete past flue years the six kinds which -what will come of their efforts? All 1 worth while way! and causes heavy losses. Plenty of gave the highest average yields per, worthy creative workers have gone bedding, I find, helps to keep the pens.acre were all produced at the College through hour after hour of such ex drys and . comfortable. Frequently by -cross- fertilization and selection,'Teriences, cleaning of the pens is necessary, and, some of which have not yet been dis- Often, even as children, these future that for a long while," says the .suc in case of bad odor, the use of pow- ttibuted ,thioughout Ontario.. artisans and 'artists had a definite cessful inventor, the author, the seen - tiered lime keeps the ped clean. and 4.?Of the fifty-two varieties of winter goal in mind but would have hesitated' tific investigator, the , statesman, to. sweet. For the first few weeks during the year the thirteen (13) highest' yielders winter months, I like ` to keep the aore were all . produced at the 0.A.C. calves in •a warm part of the stable.. through hybridizationand selection Young calves' are tender and sensitive :: with but two exceptions, namely, Daw- to sudden weather changes; Later, as sons Golden Chaff which came • fourth the calves get older, they will stand'oend; Red Rock which came tenth. considerable cold if the pens are kept: ~` clean and dry. Give the young calves plenty of exercise. • Il 1 /' Well -Earned Rest. things; many (rich, poor and middle class) have their hours too crowded with other things to 'allow for develop,. ing .individually outside of school. They must have their chance there or nowhere. Directed play and study have their place, •but are they not given too large a pii. ce in the lives of most twentieth century children? That means too lit- tle'margin for the experimenting, the observation andfirst hand thought, the self -exploration and independent actions which era basic elements of all true education. "Do something; don't idle{" was the frequent injunction of the mother of We have a homely word to describe such employment of one's time. It is "fussing." "I've been fussing over I wheat grown under test in the past 'to; disclose it for fear of ridicule. At' explain results over which we'exclairn g other tines their manipulations' were with pleasure and respect.- purely experimental; the sum total of What valuable creative work, or ex- profit to be shown -sand -perhaps shown erutive work of the higher typos, only years afterward— was mastery is ever performed by individuals who of the tbols of thought and hand, All never spent long hours concerning children need to spend much time just which theymust honestly say that getting acquainted with things. Rightly circumstanced boys and girls will do enough of this outside; but h w few in this age are rightly ing is a profitable one for every child circumstanced for normal childish de- to form. One day a farmer went to the coun- try fair and his hard-working wife re- mained at home to see that the farm suffered no loss during his"absence. He'`. returned about dark, and coining out on the porch he inquired: "I'm about tired out, Mary. 'Is the cows in the barn?" "Yes, long since," replied .the wife. y when there are enough men and.) has been cut itar,;be used as a guide •sigh of re ief; "let me nave. ray si teams to deo all the operations at the for the horse marker, if this maple -"Mary, and I'll turn hi. Fermin same time To harvest ice efficiently a fewice After the ice field has been lined off, ' a they didn't know then what they were, doing? Failure is often the road to success, end the habit of patient"fuss- Triangle Experiments -042- 4 -1 --Best Yield and Largest Profit: • This is the name applied to the. form of experiments that the Chemistry Dept. of the 0.: A. College have been using to ascertain the needs of certain soils for certain crops. The plots are. not triangle but the .name refers to the ;arrangement of the quantities of THE- CHILDREN'S . HOUR r THE DAIRYMAN OF PASS - A -GRILLE. Nestling in. the blue 'waters of the Gulf of Mexico, a few miles off the .the three fertilizer constituents which southwest coast of Florida," there is a •! e are used on file different plots The little bit of Heaven in the shape of Sports En Their' Proper Place. experiment as conducted on six farms an island known as Pass -a -Grille, and College Head—"And sports have growing itotatees in Kent, five in Wel- better Is here that Silas Dent, the dairy their I1roper place in our curriculum, lington, and four in Middlesex, called "man, better known, however, as the . of course" for twenty-one plots, giving twenty- "Hermit of'Pass-a Grille, lives,with Students 'Dad—"Glad to hear it— one different arrangements of the his twenty-two cows, his horse, his glad to killer DIY boy will have some three, fertilizer constituents. One of dog, and a few chickens: ' chance at study," you know.' the moat important points that was His dairy is two and a half infer --ear-se-0-.7i—demonstrated by .means of these plots from the little town which has its be- The deer man sever keep in ing on the south end of the island, and a - YP throughout the season of 2922 anti . mind these facts: 5~0 t. the ration twice a day Silas makes - the round is _ ,,,,a, 1923 was trhat, where clover was pier-- tri of five miles down the, beach and t• with a wide nutritive ratio has a ten- ed dotvii and some'manure used`in pre,, p deizcy to put on fat,: while one with a paring ground for potatoes, no in-• back in his wagon diawn by ``Ctrarllc, tools will be needed. A steel scraper in one direction, the cross -Imes should The wrong variety of cos. -beans narrow nutritive ratio tends to pro- crease, in yield' was obtained from old ancl,,fafthful Every cele of itis la desirable; some types of road scrap- be made: Care should be taken to' may get in wrong with the crop., !mote milk production. •. added nitrogen. Phosphoric. acid in COQ, and their calves are pals of ers can be used for this work, ora have these at right angles to those i the form of acid•.pkosphate always has Silas; each has a Warne which he, or very one. a scraper may .4a �](� j% fashioned of wood and faced with an use of suare. A suitable square, FINANCIAL VALUE E OF FLORAL DECORATION results of the first two years' experi= responds. One calf is called "Jesse U C iON meat ie used. i beginnin' to tell on me.". - r good h mad be first drawn, which Is accomplished by a decided influence on the yield. The she knows; `and'to which each gladly. old crosscut saw. An ice -plow is• a1- may be made easily •by first nailing mast essential if any great quantity the ends of two boards together with of ice is to be harvested. This facili- a single nail. Measure a distance of tates the removal of the porous sur- eight feet on the outer edge of one face ice and greatly simplifies cutting board and six feet on the outer edge into blocks. Half a dozen pike poles, of the.other board, then nail a third bearing vertical points and horizontal board diagonally across the two, ad - :hooks, are needed in floating the ice justing it until the two marks, are ex- to the loading platformAn ice saw actly ten feet apart on a straight line. zzay be useful or an ordinary crosscut Nail the boards together securely, Craw may be used by removing one forming the desired square. If the hal Idle. first oross is drawn with care it is ice cutting is beat conducted by easy to draw the remaining lines parallel. • HOW TO ESTIMATE QUANTITY NEEDED. To calculate the amount of ice'need- three squads of men, each with a team. The first squad removes the snow or spongy ice front the surface of else field and plows, saws and cuts ed on a dairy farm, take, the number the ice' into blocks of a size moat con- of cows kept as a basis. If the aver- veneent to handle;: If the ice is more age cow produces 8,500 pounds of 3.7 than twelve inches thick blocks two per cent. milk per year, which is equal feet square on the surface would be' to 431 pounds of thirty per eent. most convenient; if it is thinner than thfa. blocks three feet square can be p, eked conveniently into the house. "a little Jersey i h h di ds mental' work all point to the fact that mine, who scamper'', It has become the practice of house builders in some cities who have put up dwellings for sale to set out some shrubs and get them ,_growing before putting their property on the market. Even a small amount of preliminary planting makes it much easier to find a purchaser, One does not require a very vivid imagination to realize'; the value of this practice. A fine looking house that is completed and the grad- ing only commenced is much less at- tractive than another of similar typo presenting a grassy lawn tiedtiedfounda- tion shrubbery set out with judgment. A very slight planting adds an air of mellowness and links the dwelling with„ its surroundings. It makes it glimpse of such 'a home seen among the trees. Strip away.. the vines or take away the trees and the place, if looked at at nil,' would be regarded with disfavor. In the city: of Toronto the apprecia- tion of horticultural ornamentation is stirring some •of the realtors of the city to action. It is announced that a campaign has Been started to make more attractive the approaches to`the city.. The routes by rail are to be looked after first. Owners' of menus. featuring plants and warehouses are. being requested to join, the movement by cleaning up their properties facing the railways and by making them as attractive as possible. Plots of shrub- bery and beautiful lawns a.re being a fertilizer mixture of 0-12-4 type was most likely to, give the best yield of potatoesand largest -profit. This year a little -nitrogen in the fertilizer mixture gave paying results. This was probably due to the wet sea- son which kept the ground cold and delayed nitrification, thus making the added, nitrogen especially useful: The results of the three years' experiments bring out' very clearly the possibility of growing sufficient nitrogen into the ground to make the .use of added nitro- gen unnecessary for the potato .crop in most seasons. It has also been shown thatacid phosphate is essential for economical returns. Triangle experiments are also being conducted co-operatively with bean growers, sugar -beet growers, Celery cream, it will require 431 times 1.18 appear to be at home and peaceful on planned by the realtors, and it is ex- and onion growers. . pounds, or about 500 pounds of ice, to its site which will often attract a' peeled that in a few years the ap- that would otherwise make a' proaches to Toronto wily be of such a COill Versus SatrifloWe •cool the eream produced by each cow buyerrs But thick he should be cut in proper and keep it in good, sweet condition further search for his prospective character as to make a fine impression blocks so as not to call for undue lifting. it is best•to store 500 pounds addition- The speculative .: builder who does of visitors to the capital city, of the The second squad of men out loose al ice, or a total of 1,000 pounds per planting does not do so from the good- I province each year, ' the blocks and float them to the side cow, This is sufficient to cool the nesq of his heart or because of hie The city of St. Thomas, by working of the open water where they are 'cream needed for household uses and .testhetie ,sense. The few dollarsA•he, along theselines through else instru until delivered to market. In addition home. l on the minds of the `many thousands ready to be loaded on the sleigh. or Wagon. Here a tramway with a pair of hooks attached to. a rope will make allow for reasonable waste. There- invests return to • him- not only the mentality of the Horticultural Society, fore, the twenty -cow dairy should have quicker sale of his house but a sub- has worked a revolution not only in : : t In' touring through the country one pride of the alewife in. their streets of several .years' work on this clues- may go into raptures' over a• romantic and homes. Eon: s 100 tons . bf, ice stored. tan tia, ' ' pro profit on tha anves tmein t the a ppearance o f the to�vn but • ii � POULTRY How to determine by an external examination whether or not an egg is .fertile and, if hatched, what the sere of the chick will be, has been the subject of a great deal of speculation. Asa matter of fact, the "sure meth- ods" that have been circulated from tithe to time are unsupported by ex- 2. A temperature of 101 deg.. F. eerimental evidence and are practical- throughout the period of incubation ly worthless, measured with a standing tbermo One of the more common beliefs is meter, gave the best hatching results, that long, narrow eggs will' hatch only 3- The optimum temperature :for male chicks, -whereas short, round the incubation Of 'white and brown, eggs will in most eases produce fn eggs was the same., males. 1Jxperlinei tel observation in- 4• "Mite eggs tieually pipped ''and dicates that in the long run both sorts t hatched ,'t Flew hours eareett ' than of eggs produce about 50 per cent. of brown eggs at the same temperature, each sax. 5, Temperatures be ow t1Ye optimum I Similarly the position of the air cel tended to delay the hatch and gave a is of no value in determining' the eex large number of undesirable chicks. "Of the chick. that will hatch from an 0, 'i`eniperatui•en above the optfmunu egg. Other theories Work out in just brought the hatch off earlier, but gave i he 1. The optimum temperature for the incubation of hens' . eggs was be- tween 100 and 103 deg. F., measured by standing thermometers in a hot-, air -type incubator, with the centre of the bulb one and a half inhes• above the egg tray. a about the seine way, One will do best a greater number of undesirable chicks to plan on .5.0 per cent. males and 50 th••ait optrrterm or :ower than optimum per cent, females, although in soino .easons the actti0,,results trifiy vary quite a' bit from this egttet divieiorn of the seises, : One of the most irnpottfiet eoriaida erations in the nit4ce: ftil operation of an help toe" isgl iafof n'�Efinainie . oiL g temperatures. '7. Standing thermometers with the middle of the bulb one, and a half inches above the egg tray and near 'to but nut touching the eggs gave • the most dcpei,d;rble temlteraiw e :tor iit- uhatiori: o1rect ,tens +'attire tett -hout the '- - , :-. ��. iso �+ Fi i ,y • 11 t''d w'it a is the best 'yeas incubai..on perlo+l, .I ol.lowiti,g are sirt4io of the conaluhiofe reached as, 4re It which to i'tat' ^'r3li+txgii,'x ith v ne-eoveie co ge 1 i e a c g n or cu ura o•une alas n lite'-constrected that the terson iiisztle new to savriig ti,irparattts is soI .can float on the water and' vie excellent'sholter. It is o p ui-t Berl With have 4 11 rt 511Uul i 11et•turre to lierin1t the fining of, a pistol to attract attention: es er owner on is a every ,roue , riding in the wagon like a -dog. It is by no means unusual to find Silas seated under a palm -tree with a calf in his lap, tenderly stroking it or scratching its head. It seems to be a source of sorrow to both when the calf outgrows the lap. Another sad event is "when.. a calf inadvertently chances to be a male, and must go to the butcher. On these occasions Silas is invariably pensive for several days preceding and following the transfer. The friendly relate:ens between lean and Bows and the utter lack of fear on the part of the cows, pay have some- thing a great deal, "in fact -to ' do with the qualityand output of the milk. While not insisting that every dairymen:shall rock his calves to sleep in his arms, would it not be a good idea if more consideration were shown all cattle, in fact all animals? for Silage. Where emu does well it proves a Turkey Meat Healthful. more profitable crop than sunflowers Scientists claim that turkey meat' for silage purposes. Not only do the has a. much larger percentage of pro- sunflowers ' give a smal'ler crop yield Mein, or flesh -forming food, than beef. but the crop is more difficult and ex- It is more easily digested, because the pensive• to handle, besides this the fibre is shorter and yields more road - quality of the silage is not quite as ily to the digestive process. Beef con - satisfactory, It is in the colder partstains a high percentage of extractive of Canada, where corn does riot thrive matter which is nearly entirely lack- well, that sunflowers find a place. ing' in turkey, The Dominion Field Husbandman in Turkey diet is considered especially his report for 1023 gives the yield of beneficial to persons troubled with sunliowers at the Central Expet4ment- acidity of the stomach,. a condition al Farm as 20 tons to the acre, while often caused by an excessive beef diet,. the coin yielded about three-quarters There are the same nutritive qualities of a ton less. In dry natter, however, in turkey meat as in beef.' Beofstim- which is a truer index of the value of ulates the acid secretions of the stom- a fodder crop, corn gave almost a ton each, and if there is an excess of acid, More. . Both the sunflowers find corn turkey counteracts the effects, were planted 'with the grain drill in y roves 42 inches ,apart. In harvesting, the crop the sunflowers were not sot easily .handled with • the .corn -binder land gave gieatei difficulty in hauling' 'and putting through the cutter. San- flkwer silage, owing to the large mi Dunt of moisture it contains, freezes much more readily than corn in the . silo, Thee latter difficulty may, how- ever, .be reduced, states the report, 'by .allowing the sunflowers to wilt for a time in the field before heti ng to the silage eater. • Some men never think to see if,,thcy - need gasolino until the car won't go any more: "Iles Geerge decided on your ;free, Many Women $ugceed rn'the Pare of atee'.yctr' poultry ;°unlet;'adverse canditirus, that vex, earid+ :lily feetiro" • would :cause inen to quiet in . clisgttst; The nt lis .a ha hitzard eons r I3i�ans as well as feed are import. binatiori„ YreYthe4� •.inb• t rag, atatia ant factors le poultry culture. There other. It is a weed an the po*ltr•y mat not be a shortage of either.. farm,