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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1925-01-01, Page 2lr ese Address, cQmmunicatione to agronomist, 73 Adelaide '$t. West. Toronto SHAPING THE YOUNG APPLE develop sire branches, and attention TREE, I must be given to the elimination ad some of these, so that too many The directing of the growth during fold branches may not be formed. The the early years of the apple treedit eel whole aim should be to build Up a, particular importance. The ideal tree i framework that will carry large crops is probably that which has the- first,tnot have branches about 24 inches from they of fruit and at the same time branches. an over -abundance of la ground, and the five or six branches which form the frame of the treatSELECI'TNG BREEDERS FORspaced evenly as far apart as possible,I EGG. PRODUCTION. Particularly desirable is it to remove the next to the list branch at the As the time approaches when the top, which, if left, will produce a weak breeding pens will have to be mated it becomes necessary to give careful attention to this, the most important work of the season. top because of the forked crotch form- ed with the top limb. Heading back at planting time is The male selected should be one necessary to balance the loss of. roots who is the son not only of a high lay - cut off by digging. Tests made at. ing hen, but of a lien having the weft 4.82nlle show an average growth of power to transmit the quality to her 4.82 inches the first year and •20 inch- daughters. When after careful study o ees the second year, where newlyrplant- of ecords it has been decided to use growth ees had removed, three-quarters of their a male from a certain dam, the next removed, whereas similar point is selection of a promising speci- trees not headed back made a growth men. Try to maintain sire in flock inches the second year. one inch the year. t year and 2.4 by choosing a bird es near standard weight as possible. More important! Strong growth branches should be still, however, is it to select a bird The riven cow is the popular name given to this mammal, after the rder of whales, which inhabits the Amazon River and its tributaries. It is the largest fresh water fish in the world and weighs over 200 pounds when fully grown. suppressed by heading back and weak, with constitutional vigor—one with • branches not- pruned at all. If - the. ' a broad back and with the width car - whole tree is weak, a severe heading ried 'well back to the tail, and having back in the spring will 'throw greater ,also a good depth of body. The head— `., vigor into the remaining g buds, and and this is most impo taut, INDOOR TOILET FOR THE FARM HOME BY P. C. GROSE. • • depends on two things—proper van removed and its contents emptied and Dome Education.,. c no Ghlllt'i First $drool 1s the FaineY ,-.•,FroNbol." Persistent Misbehav= Dr in Small Children BY ZAHRA.i'i E. PREBLE.. The great Chinese philosopher Con -i might be Wise first to investigate fucius says: "I sin not tiioncerned at your own attitude toward him: Do not being known; I seek to be worthy You expect too much of him, or do you to be known." neglect to give due praise and atten- The reverse is often the ease with tion to the little issues which to him children and at the bottom of much are quite vital? Judicious praise is flower; it makes the misbehavior. They are so mightily like water to a concerned about being known and no -plant bloom more beautifully. That desire to be superior, to be Beed that this great desire motivates given praise for good deeds well.8one, many of their actions, both desirable is not one to be destroyed. If directed and undesirable: If one wants to rightly, it causes that part of the Chinese proverb,"I seek to be worthy to be known," to become the driving force. A child soon recognizes that he can command the attention he craves by being good instead of bad, if the parents will always notice and speak of his desirable qualities and understand a child and his motives, a little knowledge of how his sub- conscious mind directs his actions will lead to a correction ofthe undesirable actions which=make a child what we term' "bad" .or "naughty," or "dis- obedient" The feeling of being slighted is actions instead of his faults and mis- eaeily and subtly developed after the behavior. But how often do you enter age of four.and sometimes even a liome and hear someone', saying, younger when other children arrive in "you are a bad, naughty child!" And the family. Up to that time he usual- that subtle suggestion is repeated" con - because is the centre of the family plans Carnally, during the years that•follow, because of his infantile tate: Then until the growing, thinking child be - that constant attention is gradually gins to act out the sub -conscious sug- gestions given to it being neglected. 12 a new baby has j There are problems which exhaust come there- is a sense of being pushed ; the patience of both parents and child, the returned to the closet and re- i n re urne out of the centre of the picture, and charged' with the .chemical -water mix-' toj when the latter will hot mind or tura. The contents, when removed,. he resolves, quite sub -consciously, le insists upon doing something he should become reinstated in that desirable not do. • These problems cannot be need not be buried, as there is no odor.' ondition of being "the whole show:"; ignored; they have to be solved at the The chemical takes care of that. The success 'of the chemical toile' Many times this results in persistent-' time in order to prevent recurxence• ly "bad" behavior. It takes time, patience and under - Sometimes such unwelcome deport standing to do it. The trouble is. that i I distance from the house,. have. always, The _chemical elfin must be ment is only a spasmodic outbreak, too often the parentsfall down• mis- veopment. But, if thew are weak.his head and eye—should be c.ean-cut,) the unpleasant things from the room,just as the smoke and following an unthinking rebuke by an erably on their end of the task by not branches •on one side of a tree and free from coarseness, and with the been one of P �l t r 7 older member of the family. It muni- sticking to it long enough to get at strong ones en the other, the telae- face clear of wrinkles. The eye shosidl about rural life, Pe Y gasesfromthe cookstove a must be car festa itself in either a att3- the bottom of the double. The child tion of the leaf area on the weak dis- d nate van branches will tend further -to weaken these branches because of the strong- er sap flow toward the greater foliage m inin r oecau5a thus bring about a more vigorous de- the vi or of the bird is expressed in i Outdoor toilets, located some little tilation and proper chemical mixture g carried al es cr in winter E a coo s v - "smarty" be rominent and iercit:g. time. Aside from mere physicalis ried from the room. adequate - tude, or naughty and even vicious is thus left with a, feeling of injustice To such a malematethe requistel comforts, there are the.dangers from tilation is provided, the chemical closet actions, in order -to attract the desired which rankles and causes the nucleus mmnber of females. :This will depend exposure to the ravages of cold and, is designed to function just as satis- attention, of future naughtiness, so the. diffi. oil the biped and the conditions udder) stormy weather. j factory asthestove. Usually the vent f Many times the parents are to continues to grow, until it apps area. Obviousl' therefore, a reduc r r lle ., y,v:hich the birds are bens, kept. For' Thanks to engineering skill and pipe is passed through the wall to the klame' for this more than the child be- both the child .and the parents before tion of foliage area on the strong American breeds such as the Ply-Lscientifle research, satisfactory indoor outside of the house to secure the cense they refuse to recognize that) it overcome,if it ever i's. branches will lessen this tendency and mouth Rock or Wyandotte from ten to' closets have now been developed that draught. This is more pas e3' g throw mare growth toward the weak - the closet er ,branches, The central branch should be allow- ed to maintain the lead, not however, for the purpose of forming a pyre- the breeders have free range a larger nidal tree with a central leader, but number of females may be used. that -from it several well -spaced scat- Yearling hens make ideal breeders, fold limbs may be developed; thus but older hens or well developed pule forming a more desirable type of tree lets will also give excellent results. . than if the scaffold blanches are de- In selecting these birds also keep con- a greater expenditure for fixtures, as veloped on side limbs only. After a stitutjonal vigor in mind. Select those well as a water -pressure system and a few good scaffold branches are formed birds having capacity, as evinced in cesspool or tank. - . on this central leader, further ten- long, -broad and deep bodies. Fre-The cesspool is a matter of no great deny toward a pyramidal for with quently a bird may be deficient in one consequence; a small amount of labor central leader extending high into the of these dimensions, i.e., it may be and expense will take care of that. A air and having many branches radiat- a little short in the back; but if it is fanner can build a cesspool himself. ing from it should be checked, the broad and carries the width well to And if he already ' has an' electric aim being to form a tree combining the tail, and shows a good.depth, it lighting outfit, the matter -oaf running the desirable features of the moderate may make up in extra breadth and water is likewise easily provided. pyramidal form. and eliminating the depth what it lacks in length. Numerous outfits are now oil the mar- undesirable ar undesirable open -centre type of tree. To ia"ce lee tie, the lieadi:ngi track o- strong`. growing :branches is necessary. This heading back tends to necessary is the little individual has now reached a I Misbehavior is just - misspent en- tw 1 will k satisfactory pen i meet the demands of any farmer's ily accomplished twelve : wi rna a ,a point where he can and does think er this energyneeds directing into For Mediterranean breeds, such as purse, and they can be used in houses; located on an upper floor then When tings out for himself, and where he constructive a instead of destructive the Leghorn, about fifteen females • without running- water. Probably, it is on a lower floor. resents unfairness verykeenly. If channels=not an easy task but a satin may be used; but in all cases wherel most folks would rather have the flush The chemical closet has met the ape' child is persistently kee y type of toilet that ordinarily consti proval of. health authorities, as yourthe p y naughty, it fying one. tutes part of the bathroom equipment chemical kills all germs and odors, where water pressure is 'available. is harmless to the skin, and protects' This type will eventually be used in the metal container from rust. many, many farm homes, it demands POULTRY It is essential that the- house be made draft proof if it is not already so, but care should be taken to keep an abundance of pure air in circula- tion. The laying quarters should always be comfortable, if possible, but warmth at the expense of dryness is never wise. ' ume- Restricted ventilation is almost cel- eft . (manyoiofn which ,cost less than taro to be accompanied by dampness, 410, ); providing. a °con it, elec- tica'.I particularly the house, is' a trifle trilloperated and flat y n- I ' overcrowded.., Dampness in the he contralled, which can be placed' in house at this season• is an invitation. the basement, connected with the cis to colds and roup. - Here, again, as in the male, the head is mostrtantjThe clearecut face and prominent piercing eyefiare the marks of vigor and productiveness. APPLE CROWING IN CANADA BY J. B. SPENCER, B.S.A. Fruit growing has become one of considerable quantity of each year's the chief industries in Canada and by fax the - most important ` species, pro- duced is the apple. This is due no doubt to the fact that the Dominion produces the beat flavored, most high- ly colored, and longest keeping apples. The apple may be grown successfully in commercial quantities over an im- mense area, so great in fact that if it were planted to apple trees the pro- duct would be sufficient to supply the markets of the world. The crop of apples that will be harvested this year b estimated at 3,225,713 barrels, which is about 72 per cent. of the 1923 crop which reached 4,493,850 barrels. The. extent of the industry may be gather- ed from the following table showing the crop of apples in the five prin- dpal producing provinces in 1928 and 1024: 1928 1924 (esti- mated) Bbls. Bbis. New Brunswick.. 69,292 86,615 Nova Scotia .....1,821,064 1,274,742 Quebec .... 65,094 87,876 Ontario 1,804,400 913,080 British Columbia1,234,000 863,400 Historians differ as to just where tern or well, end thereafter supply the water under pressure wherever need- ed throughout the house. But many farmers can not afford busy most of the time. Litter en the floor of the house, if fresh and clean, these more elaborate and expensive is an excellent means of keeping the: conveniences and still they need note - A. laying hen is always a happy hen.. A hen cannot be happy unless she is do without- an indoor closet. A good layers busy. crop exported. However, there still sanitary chemical closet can be pur- remains good orchard lands untouch- ed. The now famous McIntosh Red chased for the price of a fat shote. successive years has been declared The sanitary chemical closet is the supply frequently. The litter must the finest dessert apple in the British mighty satisfactory, too. We pur- absorb moisture from the droppings Empirefi was first produced on the chased one several years ago and -have and in wet weather` may have to be farm of the late John McIntosh at found it so. •We found quite -a v'riety changed often. Iroquois. of makes on the market, all embody- Care should be taken to use none Apple growing in British Columbia ing the same principle and differing but clean bright straw. Moldy straw was only begun in comparatively re- little in service the difference was in is almost certain to cause trouble. cent years but the development of the quality of. material and finish and - commercial orchardin has been very the ccst. We selected one of the best; A Cold Weather Comfort. g 15 d 20 deliver - Perhaps the best material for litter is: wheat straw. It not so stiff as rye straw but - neither does it break apple, which for the second time in FIRST COST NOT HIGH. , up so easily as does oat straw. Renew' it cost us between $ and rapid, the greatest planting taking ed. It is made of heavy galvanized The majority of farmers own some place between the years 1909 and steel finished in a durable white ens- kind of an automobile and in the win Ee 1914. The most noted district is that mele a that matches regular bathroom ter those who ride in the back seat of the Okanagan. valley where some fixtures. It is equipped with. 'roam usually complain of cold feet, espe- of the best orchards in the province lard. High-grade seat the same as a daily if the ride is a very long one. and in the Dominion are to be found. regular flush high-grade The vent pipets as is This can be avoided if a feather cush- In Prinee Edward Island the cul- rike vise f whitehenameled. ion is made for the bottom of the car. ture of apples has not developed as When killing poultry save all the rapidly as the climate and soil would No ODORS, NO DISEASE •GERMS: feathers except the wing and tail fear justify. Owing to the comparatively The closet has an inside container thers which have the large quills. cool summer and autumn which which holds about eight gallons and Scald the feathers, then dry thorough - causes slow ripening, the fruit keeps will run three or four weeks without 11.. ' Take a cotton feed bag such as' i' dark HORSE If a horse could talk, he would have many things to say, especially when winter comes. , - Ile would tell his driver ' how a frosty bit stings and sears his lips and tongue when it is thrust into his mouth without being warmed first. He would- tell how it feels to have nothing but ice cold water to drink, when he is already shivering from the cold. - He would tell of the bitter wind that frost's his sides when he halts,. steam- ing, from exertion, and is tied for hours in an exposed place „ aithorn a.. blanket. sn'" :. He would talk of slippery streets and the sensafions of falling on cruel city cobblestones the` pressure of the load pushing `him to the fall—toe bruised knees and wrenched joints, the tightened straps and the feel of the . driver's lash, the panting nostrils' and heaving flanks, and the horrible fright of it all. - f When he stumbles don't whip him. Think of your own feelings if struck every time you slipped or stumbled. Warm the bit before • putting it- in his mouth. Take the chill off his drinking- water when possible, if it is very cold. • Give him enough to eat, and spread plenty of clean bedding in his stall. Put a blanket on him in the stable, on cold nights. - ' ' Do not leave him standing in -a cold wind without a blanket. Keep him in the sun, if possible. Keep' him sharp -shod during the winter. Drive him'carefirlly over icy pave- ments. When he falls, quickly loosen his harness, push back the• wagon, and help ' him to rise, without blows. Watch for the appearance of gall - spots, -and allow nothing to touch them till healed. - Be humane with your horse. Treat hien. as well as he treats:. Dr.: M. .T. de Gerin, noted Parisian physician, who recently arrived in New York with a cure for pneumonia, as attested by 600 - successful cases, claims that it will practically wipe out all possibiities of death from the dis- ease. Green Feed' for Poultry. . as long or longer than in any, other recharging':"" The chemical is mixed poultry mash comes in, dye t a part of the Dominion. Apple trees with water in the container. The cost were introduced into this province of chemical has never exceeded 25c a about 1768. • month. The sanitary closet, once in - While apples in commercial quanti- stalled, demands little care: Every tee or h tai ieties have no so far been produced in th four weeks the container the first apples were grown in Can- the Prairie Provinces—Manitoba, oda: Both Nova Scotia and Quebec Saskatchewan, and Alberta—cOnsid- Claim the honor but one thing is as- erable attention is being given to. their cured and that is that for nearly three culture, more particularly in Mani - centuries this species of fruit has been tuba. Small apples or crab-apples can ripening in Eastern Canada, be successfully grown in many places Apples have been grown in• conn in Saskatchewan, as well as some ap- mercial quantities in Nova Scotia for pie sof the very hardy Russian 'var the last fifty or sixty years and the ieties. The best results in apple grow - industry has now reached extensive ing in Alberta have been secured in proportions. The largest crop pro -1 the southern districts where a good deiced. to date in Nova Scotia was har-) quality has been produced. vested in 1921 when 2,036,065 barrels The apples from Ontario, Nova Sco- were packed and sold from the Anna- _ria, and British Columbia are well and polis and adjacent valleys, which form favorably known . in the.inarkets of the great producing district of the Great Britain and Europe and are in s, province and cover an area about one � constant demand. Quebec, New. Bruns - hundred miles long and from six to) wick, and Prince Edward Island are eleven miles wide at present producing only sufficient In Quebec there are recoils that quantities for home consumption not, show that as early - as 1663 apples' withstanding the fact that the pos- were being produced in that province,' Bible producing area is far in, excess and it is thought that the renowned of that at present finder crap and that Titmouse • .pple• originated there. In the valleys of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers and throughout the the climate and soil in all three pro- vinces make for the growing of large quantities of the finest fruit, Expert- Eastern Townships. there are many meats are • being carried on in the thousands of acres bearing . apples, - Prairie Provinces with a view, to de- while in m»,ny other parts of the pro- ve oping varieties more suitable to the Alice good apple producing areas are climate and when these are obtained ill be there is no doubt that apples w to be found. Ontario normally is epee of the nue. grown much more generally throruglt.- est p3•rsdticers of app'.ba and there is a out the Dominion, color, and fill it with the feathers. Sew up the end of the bag and use this for a foot cushion and there will be no more complaints of cold feet when riding in cold weather. C. A. J. Now that the poultry are off the range and • no ° longer benefit by the picking of fresh green feed at liberty, a substitute should be provided. Mangels, kale, cabbage and sprouted oats do very well to supply in part the very necessary vitamines A and D, so essential to proper nutrition. A little attention to a seemingly unim- portant point frequently means the difference between success and failure with breeding stock. At the O.A.0 Poultry Dept. a liberal allowance of feed or roughage containing the vital elements is always available to Yell' the stock. Exposure of fowls to 'cold rains will cause injury. green Epping toted is "thineasti" every seVen years to allow roam -for the oaks to grow unimpaired. The thin - ting is now talon ' 'lace and scenes reminiscent of the Canadian woods are daily enacted within fifteen miles of Unclen. Same Girl. Son• -•"Dad, :I want to marry Dottie Dnhples, the chorus girl." Dad—"I wanted to marry her my - tell when I was about your age!" . The mongrerl hen is fast disappear-, Mg.. Gradually the Canadian fanner is waking up to the superior value of the well-bred, strong, vigorous, prolific hen over her 'mongrel sister, and the latter is being sent to the siiainbies. Get the incubators , and brooder* ready for hatching broiler chicks. ri 7 chic the thr the ins tiffs ani oaf Pit p rhi 8yi tie ed the sa', tai Nat to st w tb to tl tt is tl zr a d v 1, 7 1