Zurich Herald, 1924-11-20, Page 7ilesewseeeemeeeree
ACldreels communications to Aurienomist, 73 Adelaide at, West, :Toronto
GIVE SPUDS AIR, too high temperature in the car may
Dark brown or black areas in the be as injurious as a freezing temper-
centre of potatoes, commonly known ature,
as blackheart, may be the result of The question often comes up as to
overheating of the potatoes in storage, whether potatoes affected 'with black-
but more often it is due to poor vee- heart are fit for seed in the spring,
tilation of the stored tubers, Potatoes Blackheart is not a disease,, but a
to be kept for any length of time physiological trouble and therefore is
should be stored at rather low tem- not transmitted through the seed
peratures, 45 degrees Fahrenheit or piece.
less.
The black areas can be produced at CUT CORN LOW.
will by experimenters in potatoes
stored under various conditionsan d'
In those sections of the country
at different temperatures simply where the European'corn borer has
by made its appearance it is recommend -
regulating the air allowed to circulate ed as a measure of control that the
about the tubers. Those experiments corn be eat• e'na� f ' the ground.
Investigation has shown that about
40 per cent. ui tee curers` are found Luther Burbank, great plant wizard,is the inventor of aspecial type of
tri the lower two feet of the corn-
at low temperatures potatoes may be stalks at harvest time. Cutting the potato, which has produced 29 tons to the acre on the farm of Frederick
stored in deep piles for long period's, Corn low destroys a large portion of Kludge; in California, to whom Mr Burbank is shown presenting a cup. ,
give a hint as to how to store pota-
toes for best results.
It has been found, for example, that
whereas at high temperatures it is the borers:
necessary to avoid deep piling or else More borers are destroyed in' corn '
provide special ventilation. At tem- cut with a corn binder than when cut MOVED BACK
E MOVED TO TORN,T GAME
peratures below 40 degrees
g potatoes by, hand, because the binder cut closer
may be `safely piled in bins or cellars to the round. The cornstalks should
to a .depth of six feet without any either be fed or burned before the next BY ETIIEL' V. BRAWN.
other ventilation than that .comieg'season starts.
from the air overhead. Under these'
conditions potatoes will keep quite
satisfactorily for six months or KILLING BEAN WEEVILS.
longer: One of the hazards in growing
Tubers stored in deep piles should beans is the bean weevil, After the
be watched in the spring when temp= beans are harvested and stored the
eratures begin to go up, for exposure weevil is likely to destroy everything
to temperatures of 45 to 50, degrees in the bin.
for ten days or two weeks after a long The best method of -control is to kill
period of deep storage is likely to lead the weevil before it multiplies and
to considerable loss in .the petatoes in does much damage. This can be done
with carbon disulphide.
This is a liquid the fumes of Which
the bottom three feet of the pile.
Where the storage place will have a
temperature of 50 degrees or more, asare heavier than air. A proved -meth
is usually the case in most home od of treating beans is to pour the
cellars, it is unsafe to pile the tubers liquid into shallow dishes, which are
more than three feet deep if they are placed on top of the seeds to be fumi
to be kept longer than three or four gated. The `• seeds should be placed in
weeks. I an air -tight container, like a wooden
Potatoes stored in out-of-door pits or iron barrel.
willsometimes show blackheart, duel It requires about five pounds of the
undoubtedly to insufficient ventilation, carbon disulphide for each thousand
of the pits. Outdoor pits are usually; cubic feet of space to be fumigated:
well ventilated, however, and in the' After the dishes containing the carbon
ease of small pits it is probably un- I disulphide are placed in position the
necessary to provide any special ven- top of the receptacle should be cover-
tilation. Where large quantities .of; ed with heavy blankets for about
tubers are to be stored, special ven- forty-eight hours.
tilation should be provided so that! The best results are obtained with
none of the tubers are more than six; this treatment when it is carried on
feet distant from an abundant supply' at a temperature of 40 deg. F. The
of air. ,Igas is explosive and ignites readily if
Blackheart art i .
s --
problem
sometimes'
a shipping Aping fire is brought too' close to it
problem as well as a 'storage problem, 1Paradichlorobenzene may be used in
for potatoes that must be -shipped long ,lace of the sulphide with. equally
distances during cold weather may' p l'q o
� good results. The' dose - is about two
suffer from blackheart due to over- ! tablespoonfuls of ten cubic 'feet of
heating of the car during transit. A space.
POULTRY
Every poultry keeper is looking for
ways of improving his flock and get-
ting better returns from it, Here is
a suggestion in this• regard: Just go
out into your poultry house and take
a good look at your dry -mash hopper;
see how much feeding surface it pro-
vides—that is, how many birds can
eat at one time.
See if you really think that this
hopper ,provides adequate feeding
space for the number of birds you
have inyour flock. lin about eight
cases out of ten an inspection of the
poultry -house equipment will show
insufficient feeding surface.
Your dry -mash hopper should pro-
vide one foot of feeding surface for
every five birds. If you have a small
galvanized manufactured hopper, it
may be necessary to add more of
them. If you have homemade wooden
hoppers, you may have to provide ad-
ditional hopper space,
There is nothing you can do which
will react more favorably upon your
egg production right now than to be
sure that the house in which your pul-
lets are placed is equipped with hop-
pers large enough and with sufficient
surface to meet their needs.
Possibly you can accomplish this
purpose by leaving your equipment
just as it is and placing a trough hop.
per on elevated legs in the centre of
the pen, so arranged that the birds
can eat from it on each side. This is
an easy and simple way to increase
the hopper -space problem. Just rem-
ember that the bird is nothing more or
less than a machine which converts
the food material, into a finished pro-
duct
The quantity and quality of the
finished product which we get depends
upon ou rability to get raw materials
from which the product is manufac-
'cured, and mash right now is the most
essential raw material which we pro-
vide our birds.
DAIRY.
With the press of field work and
the scarcity of labor on the dairy
farm, there is danger of •scene of the
work being poorly done. Milking the
cows dry is one of the things that is.
likely to suffer. I know from experi-
ence that it is' pretty hard after a
long day in' the iield to come ul5 at
five o'clock and milk ten or twelve
cows dry before supper -time.
I also know from experience that
if the cows are not milked (fey the
percentage of fat atm the milk will be
low, due th-the fact that the last pant.
of the milk drawnis
from the udder is
reec1 richer: in fiat than the first, A
number of times I have tested milk
from the first of the milking and from
the last, and have observed a varia-
tion of from two to nearly four per
cent. in the fat content, the last por-
tion of the milk drawn containing the
highest percentage of cream.
Furthermore, cows not milked dry
soon reduce the amount of milk ex-
creted. To keep up the flow and to
encourage the cows to milk their full
time, all the milk must be drawn regu-
larly. So incomplete milking shortens
the milking period, redoces the fat
and ,as a consequence robs the farmer
HOGS.
The following suggestions for the
management of a herd of swine in
which infectious aborition has broken
out are based 'upon practical experi-
ence. By putting them into practice it
is believed the disease may be brought
under control in the shortest possible
time.
1. Remove aborting sows at once
from contact with other sows and
gilts.
2. Collect and burn aborted pigs,
afterbirths, and all contaminated feed
and litter.
3. Find 'out whether the abortions
were caused by aborition germs: by
having blood samples tested to detect
evidence of the disease.
4. Consider the herd infected if any
of the blood 'samples are found to re-
act tothe test for ale rtion,
5. Divide the non -reacting sows into
as small groups as possible.
6. Disinfect the hog houses by thor-
oughly saturating the floor, walls, and
troughs with a coal -tar disinfectant
prepared and applied according to di-
rections of the manufacturer of the
product.
7. Sell for slaughter grade 'sows
which.abort as soon as their condition
will permit, as such animals will
scarcely pay for the trouble of treat-
ment.
8. Postpone' breeding sows that
have aborted until they have passed
at least two heat periods.
9. Xeep a special boar for the,
aborting and infected sows. This of
course is impractical except in large
herds. '
10. Provide a clean boar for all
sows that show no evidence of in-
fection.
11. Ask ,your veterinarian to secure
vaccine frons the College of Agricul-
ture to vaccinate all open sows and
gilts that have not aborted in order to
prevent them from contracting the
disease. g
Twelve year ago, with but a hand=
ful of this world's goods and 'a' love
for the country, husband and I began
life together on a rented farm. Be=
tween us we ` had two cows, three
Owing to the ''increase in our family
we decided to enlarge the house the
next year. We''built on four rooms
with three closets, and a nice large
porch which we later screened in. We
calves, a team of good horses and "'a 'also built a new barn 82x40 feet and the cat into the pond and he •answered
Homo Education
"Tho Child's First S baoi is 01 Famile-4,rr«bi►.l"
Consider the Child's Motive—By Florence Baecomb.Phiilips
"Mama! Mania!" exclaimed both couldswim or not, but 'they can!
children together, "Junior threw the; triumphantly
cat in the pond!" Tt was all clear to me them. This
chi,
"And she swimmed out," finischild;!mad thrown his cat into the peed
foe oa purpose, and the Purpose was
Little Brother, who had been as inter- right even if the Method was dues
ested ie. the escapade as Junior until tionable, He had performed an ex-
periment ie natural, history, Of course
he didn't want to throw the cat into
the pong again for he had ascertained
what he desired to know. So that
"flow did it happen?" questioned whipping was wholly unnecessary.
Mother wearily, for she had to whip How much better, I thought, it would
Junior for some misdemeanor almost have been for his mother to have
he saw that Sister was displeased,
Then he was anxious to beat her tell-
ing their mother.
every day, and it seemed a pity for
taken the time to question his with
regard to his action, and, having
he was such a jolly little lad. learned it was proeipted by his inter -
"Why' he just threw her right into est in natural history, to have prom
the water," said Little • Brother. ised him a hook from which he could
"On purpose, too," added Sister, learn such things without having to
At this juncture Junior himself ap- tnake his pets uncomfortable—and
peered, and.Mother greeted hire with then to have remembered her promise.
a reproachful look as she said severe- Parentsshould seek to develop the
ly, "Junior, did you throw the at in natural bent of a child's mind when it
the pond?" to takes a legitimate course, Usually,
Junior, hung his head and reddened, if we can spare time to go to the
though the suspicion of a smile lurked bottom of things, we shall find that
around his: mouth as he answered, it is not meanness which prompts the
"Yes,'u' and then with a grimace at child's naughtiness, but some unde-
Sister and Brother, "Tattle- tales,'? veloped talent struggling for expres-
Mother pulled down the switch she sion. If repression of desires is as
kept handy and gave Junior a° whip- disastrous as some psychologists
ping; meanwhile telling him what a would have us think, surely many a
cruel boy he was to be so mean to child grows up greatly handicapped
his pet.. Junior made as much fuss by unnecessarily repressed desires.
as possible overthe whipping and at True, the talent responsible 'for cer-
the end ofit readily agreed not to tain acts may seem far removed from
throw the cat in the pond again. the crude, childish attempt at e> pres
Later I asked Junior why he threw sion, butpatience and tact can usual-
ly discover the talent, and parental
guidance can develop it along con-
structive lines.
set of harness, 18 hens, 25 shotes and a' garage, .which made things mu
enough corn to feed them out, and handier for° us.
about $100 in cash, with which we We always. try to raise a good gar
den- with something to sell. We . milk
several cows and, with our chickens,'
the income amounts to a neat little
sum at the close of the year. I always
ch confidentially, "To see if she could
swim. I didn't know whether cats,
furnished our home.
We were lucky in that we had only
two rooms to furnish, but we were as
happy as if we had lived in a mansion: aim to can enough fruit to run ,us
We bought nothing expensive andg
only what we needed to make us Born- through the winter, and as many vege-
•fortable. We had to go in debt for, tables as possible.
another team of horses and a set 'of Orie thing ' we have learned from
harness, ,a wagon and our farming sad experience is that you can not ex -
machinery. Husband had a new tap pect to have any degree of success
buggy but it was not all paid for with hogs_ and chickens unless you
To -day we have a home of our own; have a good place to take care of
fairly well improved, and four darling them. . You will lose enough in one
children. We rented the, fret four4}hoar to pay for a hog .house or hen
years, moving twice. We had family
house. You will get discouraged, too: good crops. Then we moved to Another mistake too man farmers
our y
own farm of 160 acres. But as there make is leaving such a small amount
of available pasture land. We have
were no improvements whatever, we only 25 acres of pasture and can not
had to build. We built a small' house keep the amount of stock we. would
with kitchen, pantry., a living -room, like' to: We have to put out •some of
and one small bedroom, and a smalla
verandah which we' screened in.; W ' ur stock every summer and it is get -
dug a well and put up a windmill • ;in.': very hard to find pasture: Many
t
et el
ds that are nowr
broken wouldbo
built a shed barn:
with room
horses, a hen house that would acc ne- worth fa r more in pasture, on account
modate 100 hens or better-; doing most
of being: e° rough.
all of the work ourselves. We also had-- There are a few disadvantages in
to fence for pasture and hog lots: 1 the country that I would love to see
The first few years we had good. remedied. The chief problem is that
cro s which bel d, us . to of our country schools. Too many are
p , pe get on' oux3„
feet,as the saying t of the opinion that one can plow corn.;
y' g goes,. but owing to sand milk cows without an education.
poor health, four years ago we decided and pthey
o rent our farm arid move to town, I ,«perha s can. Some one will
We soon realized that we had not bet -,say, Why, look at so and so, he can
Bred ourselves any. In truth, we hardly write his own name and see
would have been better off if we had what he has done." 'Yes, he has suc-
emained on the farm. So the follow- seeded, but that doesn't happen very
ng spring we moved back to the farm,' often' and doesn't it stand to' reason
nd it seemed like going home to get that if he had had the advantages of
ack. . a good education he might have done
The renter had proved careless and 1 still better?
ndiferent'to ouL interests, and the' Did you ever hear of the city man
lace had been farmed very poor! moving to the country to give his chit
The fences were down here and there. dren better school advantages? No,
Two and three years before we had indeed, and why net? Too many farm
put out a small orchard of about 501
trees, but when we came back only:
about half of them were left. The
renter had allowed the stock to run':
over them and break them ofr' and
THE CHILDREN'S
HOUR
se
row they sat, like good little girls at
school.
"Why!" gasped Boodles, who must
always make up stories about every-
thing he sees. "Those are the seven
;r- -- captive maidens—and there is the
dragon who captured them! Look,
Topsy, do you see?"
Popsi and Topsy crept down till
"If you were just as big -as my thumb, they could see where Boodles was
I know where there is a great fierce pointing. And to be sure—it was just
dragon who would catry you off to his
cave, and then. I'd be St. George in
golden armor, and' : cone and rescue
you!"
"Nonsense!" said his matter-of-fact
sister. "17ragons 'were all killed off
hundreds of years ago. What stories
you do make up, Boodles!"
-"'Tisn't stories!" said Boodles. "I
do know where there's a monstrous newt! And newts don't eat little blue
dragon! At least he would be mon- kingfishers—they • eat tadpoles."
strolls if only we were small -enough! „I tell you it's a dra on—" began
He's got' a long scaly body and four g
B
oodles m
f u
o can onlyk
Y
thin our-
long,
le s withclawsS'
g
t and.a Yon
�s
t
a7 �C •'. 3' I
i scaly. tail!" self small enough---"
"Oh,:Boodles!" joined in Pepsi, al -
was
Popsi didn't"' care whether it
ways gog for adventure. "Do tell me was a ewt or a dragon—ox what .any
where he is! 'Can't we go and find thing was called. To her it was just
mm?„ one more thing' to play with, and
"Well,".,said Boodles. "We shall have away she went to try and catch it.
to make ourselves very, very small, Come back, Popsi! You can't cross
and crawl on '.our hands and knees .there!" cried Topsy.
through the tangly grass till we come But it was too late to stop her.
to the river, and then perhaps we'll Crash into an unseen puddle she went
see him looking out, of his cave!" i —offff scuttled the dragon, and away
"Come on, Topsy!" iried Popsi. "Do flew the seven little kingfishers. And
let's go and see!", a muddy, bedraggled littic girl was
Topsy, though she did . not believe Purled back out of the reeds and taken
in fairy tales, was curious enough to oil home to change.
join in the expedition, and away they ! But the chaffinch, who had been
all went, down through the orchard °etching«ail the time, just went on
and over the meadow to the marshy singing— What a funny thing o -
lands by the river. squee-chu! What a funny thing o -
THE DRAGON AND THE SEVEN
BLUE MAIDENS.
"Topsy!" said Boodles meditatively.
as he said!
On the a shore at the edge of the
shahlow water was a gruesome dragon
indeed! He had a long, golden -brown
body with an orange breast spotted.
with black, a great head with protrud-
ing eyes and enormous . mouth, four
crooked legs with claws, and a twisty,
scaly tail which quavered to and fro!
"Why!" said Topsy. "It's just a
t
t
i
a
b
i
p
•,
ers take more interest in their hogs
and cattle than they do in their chic-
dren.' Any kind of a school is good
enough for Johnny to go to and learn
his three "R's." Is there any wonder
in one instance that we know of had that he stops. just as• soon as the law
deliberately driven over an apple tree'. will allow him to? For this reason
that stood fully four feet high, and we are planning to buy a home closer
broke it off—no excuse for not see- i to town, where the children can at
least drive to school in town and still
ing it.
. I never could understand why some
renters take so' little interest in a
farm just because they do not own it.
If they would only look far enough
ahead, they would see that,they were
hurting themselves as well as the
landowner. They wouldn't be com-
pelled to hunt a new place every year.
-
What a tangle of grass and reeds
and thistles they had to crawl
through! The feathery wild parsley
grew so tall that it made a white lace -
work over their heads. In the reeds
a warbler was trilling away to his
little wife on her nest, white on a
bush nearby a chaffinch was singing
over and ,over again his descending.
run of notes, rounding them off each 1
be at• home on the farm, which we all time with a queer, up-and-down
love. We have no desire to leave the "Squee-shut" whish sounded as if he
farm and yet we want our children to were very well pleased with his per -
have the advantages of a better school formance.
than our rural schools are. Suddenly, as they crept on, a glint
of blue light flashed out of the willow
it is tree, scored its way from right to left,
and vanished down the river.
"Oh!" gasped Popsi and Boodles.
Hope is a good breakfast, but
a bad supper,
WageMMERVP0111114-, 41,4
FROM AFRICA TO
A lion and a lioness destined for the Toronto ZOO 'emitted no roars of
protest as they were placed with their travelling cases of oak and iron aboard
a Dominion Express car at the Canadian Pacific Windsor Station, Montreal,
recently. The male of the specie was born in South Africa about three years
ago while: the lioness first saw the light of .day 'about the same time in:the
Gardens Dublin: Ireland, from whence the :have both
come,
TORONTO VIA DUBLIN
Royal Zoological , y t e,
Fifty million b* a present to the Toronto Parks Cominisslen, The Toronto Parks Commission
Fifty bushel's of corn are
used annually to make cornstarch:,, ie ocatien,
wall shortly send a pair of deer to Dublin in reel r
"Oh!" cried Topsy. "It must have
been a kingfisher! Let's see. if we can
find his nest!"
"What sort of a nest does a king-
fisher make?" asked Boodles.
1 "I know!" said Popsi. "Spring was
!: telling ins last time I saw her. If it
!can't find a nice hole ready-made it
1 digs one itself in the river bank-
ever so far in, so that you can't reach
!the eggs however much you stretch!"
"And then," continued Topsy, "it
makes . the most uncomfortable nest
you can imagine! No cosy little home
! lined with feathers, but a horrid mass
of fish bones -and bones it has . al- !
ready swallowed too! It rolls then!
up in its' inside and then spits them
up, and then sits on theist to shape
the nest l"
`'Well,, never mind the kingfiisher l"
said Popsi. "Do let's get on and find
the dragon!"
"He lives over here," said Boodles,
leading them through the reeds to 'a
shallow pool that lay back from the
• river: Then round a corner, suddenly,
they came union a little scene that
made them all stop and hold ` their
breath.
Over the dark pool of the backwater
a low branch hung out from the bank,:
And on the branch were sitting, just
as you. see them in the. picture, seven ,
'wee birds! Seven small round bodies,
seven big heads and seven long, strong
banks, and each one clad in the bright•
est of bright blue frocks. All in a
1
squee-chu!" And he ii ft th
ew a er em
calling again and again the same lit-.
tle refrain, so that to this day Popsi
never hears him . without thinking of
the dragon and the seven blue maid-
ens and her tumble in the muddy
backwater.
Effect of Silage on the Lamb
Crop.
Silage has never been regarded in
a very favorable light for the feeding
of breeding ewes during the winter
season. An, experiment conducted at
the Lethbridge, Alberta, Experiment-
al Station during two recent winters,
goes to show that better uses can be
' made of this food, excellent as it is
for cattle. Although the ewes were
fed the silage for only two weeks be.
fore the lambs were born, some ill
Ieffects of the use of this feed were
shown. The lambs from the silage
fed lot, according to the report of the
Superintendent of the Station, were
weak at birth and were very slow to
get on their feet, in fact assistance
• had to be given most of them in suckl-
ing during the first twenty-four hours,
while lambs from the portion of the
flock that received alfalfa hay as a
principal diet; and sic ensilage, were
able to cook after themselves from the
beginning. One lot of the ewes re-
ceived only alfalfa hay, while the
others received a portion of silage
along with the alfalfa. The silage ii ed
was tirade from sunflowers. Conclud-
ing his report on this experiment, the
Superintendent pronounces ensilage
as of at least doubtful value for ewes
before lambing time, but after that
period it is a useful feed as its succu-
lent nature increases the milk flow:
A variety o creed is appre-
clated by the birds. I find they like
inangels better when used every 'sec-
ond er third day. Other days the
green feed can consist 'oi cabbages,
cull vegetables or sprouted oats. A:
fork of clover or alfalfa hay in each
laying section helps to keep the liene
interested in life on dark cloudy days,
They will clean up most of it and
the tough sterns remains.& N. are added
to, the litter,—G,