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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1924-03-20, Page 7- ., •�. '� ' /tom-•-- �• � •;,orf ;<,,.;, � :�,,;;,�,' Address communlcatione to Agro reiiiIst, 73 Adelaide $t. Welt, Toronto ACCLIMATIZATION :OF VAR- with the varieties grown at that in- IETIES OF GRAIN. stitution, the Cereal Division will be glad to receive from him a one -pound sample of his seed. The sack contain - It Is quite commonly believed that any variety of grain when graven in a ing this sample should bear the grow -and in spring their lovely blossoms iven district for a number of years, er's name, the variety name, and the are a delight the eye. in ht to s; shrubs. Double and single flower- ' t. BEAUTIFY THE HO g: GROUNDS Have you ever considered the, ad- visability of utilizing fruit'tree$ in your yard, in addition or in: Prefer- ence to what we know as ornamental trees? Fruit trees yield both shelter and shade and impart a cheerful look with the graceful white 'flowers. Fore sythia, or golden ball, with its bright yellow flowers, well deserves a place among our best flowering shrubs.. Diervillas, known also as weigelas of bush honeysuckleare a delightful group of free -growing shrubs with bell-shaped flowers of various colors. The hydrangeas form .a group of hardy shrubs of considerable import- ance. Mock oranges are sweet -scented, white -flowered shrubs of the simplest to the grounds, • besides giving'' a culture. Syringes, or, as they are mare commonl called lilacs, usually find a place in all collections of slower - plentiful supply of fruit in the fall I y ' gradually, becomes more and more suited to the. conditions of that dis- trict. While this may be true in the ease of plants which naturally cross- fertilize, such as most of 'the grasses and clovers, it is not true to the sante extent in the case of such plants as wheat, oats and barley, except pos- sibly where mixed varieties containing different strains are grown. In na- ture, acclimatization takes place as a where seed potatoes are .produced, the, portant, certain kinds which are first result of natural selection. The vag- growers have found the advantage of class in some localities may not be exits of..:. soil andclimate gradually having their own seed plots. A com- adapted to your condition. It is ad weed out or weaken those strains paratively new method of planting visable to . get suggestions from ex - which are less suited to survive, these is the tuber unit system, i.e., allperieneed local fruit growers or, the whereas the stronger strains increase seed pieces cut from the same tuber state experiment station. in proportion. are planted consecutively: With spring, planting many losses Since varieties differ greatly in The tubers should first be graded can be traced to delay in setting out their ability to thrive under different for uniformity of type and size, using the trees until after the buds have' conditions of 'moisture, temperature, tubers from 5 ozs.. to 8 ozs. in weight started into growth;. so, to avoid such, physical Condition of the soil, it is free from visible symptoms of disease. a calamity, which means losing ; a highly. important from a practical standpoint that the farmer grow the variety which is best, suited to his conditions. This variety can be locat- ed only through comparative tests of sired) are taken. to the field and cut different varieties sown in adjoining as they are being planted. The seed plots in • his district. After two or pieces from each potato are planted three years' careful testing, it should consecutively, leaving short gaps be - be possible to choose the variety which seems to give the most prom- ise. If this variety iswhat is known es a pure line, by which is meant a growers who practice the method pre - variety composed of a single strain, fer to leave a gap equivalent to a it is not likely that so called acclima- "miss." tization will take place to any appre- When the plants are about eight dable extent. If, on the other hand, inches high they are carefully inspect- isvariety should happen to be a com- ed and where one or more plants in. • posits one, that is, composed of two a unit are found affected with mosaic, According to the variety,. apples or more strains of varying adapta- leaf roll, spindle tuber or other weed-' come into bearing in about six years bilities, it is quite possible that ac- borne disease, the entire tuber unit! from planting, and the crop will in- dlimatization may take place by the is rogued—every hill planted from the crease annually as the trees increase gradual increase in the proportion of one potato. Care should be taken in; in size. Proper and careful pruning plants . belonging to the best adapted all rogueing to remove the entire hastens early bearing, but indiscrim- strain. plant. The plots are inspected two or I minate pruning may have quite the It was once thought that acclimati- three times during the season, and opposite effect. During the first sea - Cation takes place in a fairly definite all undesirable plants removed. son superfluous shoots are cut out,. the manner in the case of practically all The extra amount of time involved aim at this stage being the future plant life and that any variety might, in planting tuber unit plots is well shape. and form of the mature tree. 'in the course of time, become especial- worth the trouble when a grower has At the next dormant pruning the pre- ly suited to the conditions under a good strain of potatoes and wishes vious season's growth is cut back by which it was grown.. That this point to get them as free from disease as half, after which the trees will only of view was incorrect has been clearly possible. The most important advan- require thinning out the centre to demonstrated during recent years, and tages of this system of planting over keep the head open. farmers would be well advised to de- the usual .method are that all seed THE ROOM THEY NEED. pend more upon comparative tests of pieces from a diseased tuber are to- Apple •trees are planted at least different varieties rather than upon, gether and may be readily rogued thetiine-worn theory that sorts grown, and that selections for trueness to in a district for many years must in- type and yield may be made by har- evitably be superior to any new intro-; vesting each unit separately. More - duction. ' over the chances of spread of degen- Farmers desirous of comparing a eration diseases are reduced to a few of thebest varieties of grain of minimum on account of removing the any kind are invited to communicate entire unit, whether or not each plant with the Cereal Division, Experiment- from that unit shows disease symp- al Farm, Ottawa, for advice as to toms at the time it is rogued. how to proceed. The above institution • This system is being used by a is anxious to co-operate with farmers number of seed potato growers in in different districts in this work as other parts of the continent. It has it realizes that the soil and fertility' been found far superior to the old conditions on a given farm may dif- methods of ,planting seed plots as mo fer to a very considerable extent from saic, leaf roll, spindle tuber and other the conditions under which varieties f ears the seed has been When banning the small home.ed' all of them are lovely, the distinct number o y nodor adding greatly to and pleasing grown on his own farm. A report on orchard, the object in view should be d the relative performance of the var- to grow various kinds . and varieties their ellerm ieties sent in for this test will be sent of fruit, that the ripening period may the farmer in due time. be distributed over as long a season Spring Fever and Poultry. as possible. For instance, in apples By S. W. Knipe TUBER UNIT SEED PLOTS FOR there' should be early, midseason, and • POTATO winter varieties, the winter sorts, of.As spring comes upon us every year PO course, predominating. thereare numea`ous• enquiries made by In many sections of the country - The question of varieties is all im- people who have kept a few hens and wonder if they should go into the poultry business on a large scale. This article is especially intended for such inquirers. Just a few days ago a Mend told me that the 15 pullets he got last August had laid 1;012 eggs, during November, December and January, and at same rate •ot laying, allowing three months for rest and molt they would average 202:4 eggs each in the twelve months. "Don't you think I should give up my job and go into poultry?" he said; to which I replied, "No." He baa suitable vacant land, a little money and is interested in the game. What more is needed? That which is needed in every walk ed life— The plot of ground to be used should year, it is most important' to have this be well isolated ,from other potato�'operation completed while the young fields. When this is ready to plant, trees are perfectly dormant the tubers (previously treated if de- GETTING run BOIL IN SHAPE. When devoting a piece of land en- tirely to an orchard, the entire area is usually thoroughly cultivated, either by digging very deeply or using a subsoil plow. The ground should be given a liberal coating of manure, also a dressing of bone meal, and the land turned over for .a second time. For two or more years the interven- ing spaces between the' trees can be devotedto vegetables and straw- berries. tween the groups of hills from each tuber. Stakes may be used to separ- ate ' the units, but the majority of are tested at the Farm at .Ottawa. In other words, varieties which do not do particularly well at Ottawa might be most desirable to grow under cer- tain conditions met with on a given farm some distance away. Where a farmer does not wish to take 'the time to canduct a compar- ative test of different sorts on his even farm but would like to have the variety he is growing compared at the Experbnental Farm at Ottawa degeneration diseases canbe more readily eliminated. There are many straips of high -yielding varieties of potatoes that should be planted for one or two years at least in tuber unit plots in order to eliminate degenera- tion diseases and bring them into good condition for certified seed. Any grower desiring assistance in preparinga tuber unit seed plot inay obtain such by applying. to the nearest Dominion Laboratory of Plant Pa- thology. ,POULTRY When the chicks area few days old --from two to five, days—they should bo given access to a good'chick butter- k starting mash, and when about ihree weeks old this may be changed Seeds for Sale Peel County la noted for Its high-quality seed% rel Seed HOMO. Brampton. Ont., is located la tin centro of tide district. It tae large euentltfe� gxtmm, . Variegated sad Special Alfalfa%: Bed overs, Amite, Sweet Clovers, Timothy. et,,. *We �+ cold direct to ferrets, any Deet. la say site IoW. yPdta at cure for price dist. PELL SLED HOUSE. Bearegtse. • Made DRQ®2t1 w� �Ib'e p,xyttir2Tra1 • Mt Youcanbuyallthernate- D ials for acotnptetchome direct from the manu- facturer at hitt nav- • n,so,, theruuther,n"Ii- uorla. tr r ,�� .' n .r.. •,r• c'ttOng MUM. ,Onnng room i. irbumw, kilcben' bath. 4' Mkt plane, stink We, h pen• Circ tholug alcovntt,'grade e�yye,d tre tle'xc•ellarcntroarer. ;Gel free Aladdin Callan^ w r3utrh Coionial Willi full ,.til: ri lnp flint nen scowl doom . 14 't 22' jiving teeth, large tlinli ing room, kitChoa, 'three ire •- :U1 toem5 bath linen nail Clothe* r t •: tloartti, „gra,it cellar t,trO,tfe. ICO intttidee ail -lumber cut to tit: blebest ide interior woodworle. e1dii pgf flets4all, % }, doers., gine* iselnte,lutetlwata. nem% MC, with compplete luetrgctibna end draw. . rpcIrtat pied:.: to *Our :atelier% permaeSMuOr-NOT POR±•TABLE. 14InnY' 'etylei 'idee fnortt. Write Cada faY'Pf5kE Meeelisrc Ataddid Catalog i,i0.,,,.. i e etc . • ilii `.. Js Canadian Aladdin , _ ., �. le�l Aho, h in.atilt8Sntt61'Ot"o}ate+, Oaot. ISSUE No, 11.--'24. and extra good is the T4) ORANGE PEKOE QUALITY TheAril Fool Frolic B • "I'd like to give a real foolish party," said ,Eleanor Parker to her best chum, Myra Spencer, over a pan of fudge one March afternoon. "All right, let's!" agreed Myra. "Where'll we give it?" "At my house, of course!" said Eleanor. •"Why not at my house?" objected Myra. "Why not both houses?" laughed Eleanor. .Then she stopped suddenly as an idea took 'hold" of her mind. "Myra, why don't we? ,Give it at both houses. I'll have th'e• games and fun at my house, and you have the re- freshments at yours. Don't you see how that will fool them?" And so the party was planned. All the boys and girls of the young crowd who, always had such good times to- gether received a few days later, an envelope containing an apparently experience. Hatching a few chicks blank card, on each side of which was under a hail in the cellar or in a written in the corner the word. wooden box is a vastly different thing "Over." Of course they turned them :than hatching a couple of thioustand every way, held them to the light and. eggs in an incubator. The hen looks after the heat, turning and cooling of the eggs, shelters her chicks from the storms, protects thein from danger.. Taking the lien off for a feed at night, putting her back on her eggs again, supplying the chicks with hard boiled eggs and other feed, then seeing they are closed up for the night is vastly different to caring for incubators and brooders. Incubating and brooding one to two thousand, yes, even five hundred chicks in chilly days of March and April is quite a different proposi- tion to leaving it to the old hen in the warm days of June. You may think the difference is so slight that it does not prove a difficulty. If soy just try. But take my advice and don't. Without the required •experience you are apt to neeet with sad disaster. You msay have your brooder temperature just fine at night. The next morning, your fire in brooder may be almost out. Experience will teach one that to the heat, but soon discovered that the card was double and was pasted together around the edge, except for one small corner. When they tore it apart they found the invitation writ- ten inside, asking them to a surprise party for Myra on April 1. They were to meet at Eleanor's and proceed to Myra's around the corner in a body. When April 1 arrived they appear- ed without exception at Myra's house. But the house was dark, no one ans- wered the bell, which they rang in- sistently. "Well, there's only one thing to do, and that is to come bark to my house and have our party there," said Eleanor resignedly. When all had responded with a shout to this suggestion, Myra stuck her head out the window and called, "April fool, folks! Oen I come along?" You can imagine what a sensation that made, and how keyed up the crowdwas for the fun prepared for them at Eleanor's. When they had twenty-five .feet apart. Pear trees�aB3 are no perfect and weather removed their hats and settled down rather closer, as their growth is morel cannot be depended upon. It is Dos - she gave out little slips of paper to upright; say ' : about twenty feet.' sible to have neost of your eggs in each one. On them she had written Sour -cherry trees, fifteen feet." Peach incubator fertile, and even after ;the instructions for a joke that must be trees, fifteen to twenty feet. second test the greater majority pro- i played on certain persons before the Pear trees invariably come into mise to produce live chicks. Then ati evening was over. Thus Myra drew, bearing' much 'sooner than apple trees the critical moment a little neglect "Make Rus Ryan think his tie is and will stand rather closer pruning. in attending your fire or. lamp may Varieties that are inclined to grow mean every chick chilled or cooked. very tall should have the heads cut There are dozens of other things back hard, to keep the tree -within which go to making success or failure, bounds and, facilitate gathering the even: after your chicks are out. Feed - fruit. It is therefore advisable to lug the wrong sort of feed, dampness keep the head low and to encourage • an or drafts, will also play havoc in the open though free:branching habit. sturdiest flock of chicks. Plums are most accommodating as Considering all, it would be wise to to soil and rarely fail to produce continue in a small way for two or abundant crops of fine fruit annually: three years. Get an incubator and They require little pruning except brooder, try them on the little space that necessary in shaping the tree. you have. Then, if you are successful The peach tree does not require and. still interested, take the plunge. much pruning, if we except cutting Artificial incubating and brooding is back the strongest growths and, if the only thing possible on a oommor- necessar thinning out some of the cial plant. Clucking hens cannot al - y' g ways be secured when they are re weakest branches should they be- come overcrowded. But when first quired, and; in fact, the coat of• keep - planted the entire head is cut off to ing a hundred or mare hens for such a within two feet from the ground. Purpose is -entirely prohibitive. There- fore itla absolutely necessary to have TWO EXCELLENT BERRIES, a thorough practical knowledge along to a buttermilk growing mash. There Raspberries are one of our most these lines. are many excellent commercial ra- esteemed small fruits. They do best tions of this kind' on the market. Should you desire to mix your own mash feed, the following formula has given excellent results: Thirty pounds in a deep, well-manured and fairly moist soil, though they are not too fastidious on that account. They should be planted two feet apart, al - of wheat bran, ten pounds of wheat lowing four feet between the rows. middlings, ten pounds of ground hull- When planting in the spring the ed oats, ten pounds of oil meal, ten canes are cut down close to the pounds of corn meal, tan pounds of ground, and, of course, no fruit is gluten feed, ten pounds of meat scrap expected until the second year. When and ten of dried buttermilk. the canes come into bearing make it a The buttermilk mash should be fed rule to cut away the old canes imxnc- diateiy after the crop has been gath- ered, retaining the young ones. The young growths springing from the base . of the plant are thinned n;tt to feed the mash sparingly until .the four or five, retaining the strongest.chicks get used to it. Keep sour milk The young canes must be tied to the or semisolid buttermilk before the wire trellis, spreading thein out eeen- chicks throughout their growing life. ly that they may all receive their full in hoppers or feeding troughs so ar- ranged that the chicks will not waste the mash, but so that they can have access to it at all times. Begin to HORSE Alfalfa is a splendid horse feed, but must be fed with judgment and care.. Because of its palatability, ma- ture• horses are likely to eat too much alfalfa if permitted to have free ac- cess to it. The average farm horse at work is allowed to eat much more alfalfa and 'other roughage than he really needs to maintain his weight. One pound of alfalfa or other hay, and nearly one and one-eourth pounds of grain per day for each 100 pounds of a horse's weight, make a good ra- tion for an average working horse. Eases like alfalfa stems. Refuso from the cattle racks is very accept- able to horses; Feed mature horses first and see - owl cutting alfalfa, which is free from mold and dust, Never feed wet alfalfa hay to harem A nii 1 can have snore friends than lie needs ie he has Verity - of money anff isn't particulars share of sun and air, Early in spring the tips are 'pinched out evenly, Blackberries, equally desirable as the raspberry, are cultivated very similarly, but being more rampant in growth the plants are allowed more space. SHRUBS THAT DELIGHT THE EYE. The home groundsare greatly im- proved by the judicious use of shrubs, Among the early -flowering shrubs one that is not grown as frequently as it deserves is Spiraea thunbergii with its masses of starry bloom in May. Then there is Spiraea prunifolie, with its long wreaths of double blossoms, The cercis, or Judas tree, is always Welcome in the early spring when laden with its wealth of rosy -purple blossoms which appear before the leaves. The deutzias are highly ornamental, the variety gracilis being the most popular end best known. Established plants ;sower profusely every spring, the entire shrub becoming smothered Asitists Farmers to Purchase Live Stock. The Minister of Agriculture for Canada, Hon. W. R. Motherwell, by tate. carrying out of policies adminis- tered by the Live Stock Branch of his Department, has, during the past fiscal year, either for breeding or feeding, been able to conserve a large number of live stock consigned to stockyards and abattoirs. Unfinished Steers to the number of 80,717, 89,024 heifers, 673 sows and 48,000 sheep were, under the arrangement referred to, returned to the farms for breeding purposes in the case of females ands for finishing into good beef in the case of feeder cattle. Two policies are involved in this service, one, the re- niission of freight charges, brought about by an arrangement between the Live Stock Branch and the railway companies,andthe other, the payment of -the reasonable travelling expenses of farriers making the purchases. The Minister's report, which supplies this information, makes it clear that the assistance thus given was available for stock purchased for breeding or further feeding by the purchaser and not for speculative purposes. Big fields are much cheaper to plow and cultivate than small ones. crooked!' Every' time one of the crowd succeeded in getting Ms joke over and was able to cry "April fool" 1',e threw his paper into a big ha', Those with papers left had to pay a forfeit. Everywhere possible Eleanor had arranged the rooms ,with tricks. Thus niagazines'were stuck to each other, a cushion was laid over a seatless chair, a picture turned to the wall had April fool written across it when turned. A hidden electric fan blew a sudden blast in a dark corner of the hall. An alarm clock hidden .in a candy box went off at a crucial ma went. The rugs were rolled back and the canned music turned on for dancing, Just a little earlier than usual, Myra said she must go home. This started things, and all agreed with her. Would somebody walk home with `her? They would all go. When they reach. .ed the Spencer house it was ablaze with light, and the door was flung,. - open to the jolly crowd. What was their surprise to see set through the middle of the dining room and living room a long table. It did not take long for them to realize that the party was a real one at last. In the centre of the table was a huge bouquet of roses, which when one leaned over to smell them proved to be artificial and gave off an odor of onions. For place cards Myra had gotten up conundrums or "jokes"+ upon each guest. The favors were silk dunce cap pin cushions for the girls and little calendars for the men with April 1 ringed in red. A delicious supper followed, but it seemed to come on reversed. What looked to be ice cream and cake prov- ed to be brown bread iced with cream cheese and a croquet covered with white sauce served in a sherbet glass. The ice cream was disguised as a 'salad in a paper cup imbedded in let- tuce leaves and sprinkled With chop- ped nuts and fruit. Crackers were iced with chocolate to look like large mints. White cake was baked in a breadpan and cut in thin slices. Can- dies looked like nuts... I It was a great "sell," all declared, but they also added that they would be glad to be sold again in the same way. MAPLE -SUGAR TIME BY C. 0. ORMSBEE. it forms a vacuum beneath, thus leave ing a space upon the bottom of the pan that is bare of liquid and fully exposed to the blazing fire beneath. SECRET OF QUALITY. The natural consequence is that, as must be expected, particles of sugar .10adhering to the metal of the pan be - conte •-scorched and thus transformed Maple sap, as it flows from the tree, into caramel, a substance of a dark is as clear as purest water. Were it brown color, possessing a bitter and possible and practicable to concen- somewhat acrid flavor. As soon as trate it by congelation as soon as it the film bursts and the steam escapes, leaves the tree, without exposure to the surrounding sap rushes in, fills light or a warm atmosphere, instead the space, washes away the caramel of by evaporation over a fire, the and disseminates it throughout every part of the boiling sap or syrup, thus syrup would be colorless and trans- parent, while the sugar would be as imparting, in a measure, both the white as the best granulated sugar. color and flavor of the caramel to the Both would rank even higher among product. the most delicious products of the con- Now it is obvious that the deeper fectioner's art. the sap above the film, the more the Contrary to the .impression that is film will be re -enforced, and the prevalent in many sections of the greater will be the power necessary country, an extremely light calor, to burst the film. This being true, combined with a deliciously delicate it is equally obvious that the deeper flavor, forms the essential character- the sap the longer time the space in- istics of a high-grade maple product. closed by the film must be exposed to On the ether hand, a dark color, com- the action of the heat. More caramel bined with a strong, rank flavor, is will be formed, and darker and more positive indication of a low-grade pro- acrid will it be made, Its influence, duct, denoting carelessness in man- will be greater. ipulation. Maple sap evaporated at a uniform As intimated above, exposure to the depth 'of four inches in the pan will action of light and sarin air, as well yield a product many shades darker as a long storage, has a tendency to than if evaporated at half that depth. darken the product and to detract This point is well established, and the from its flavor. More than this the Quebec maple -sugar makers, who aim sap seems as susceptible as milk to at the production of the highest grade bacteria influence. These conditions of product, never allow the sap an the favor the development of several evaporator to reach the depth of even kinds of bacteria, all of which hinder one inch. This, of course, requires a the production of a high grad° of closer attention to detail, and involves sugar. 1t is the bacteria that darken a somewhat greater cost for labor. On the product and give it the strong, the other hand, it is economical of rank flavor which, among the unini- fuel, and it is the one great secret tilted, passes for the maple flavor, of the fine quality of Quebec maple and which istolerated only by reason products. of the reputation possessed by the If you wsuld produce the highest true maple flavor. grade of maple sugar products, see to + also have a it that the sap in your evaporator is Methods of evaporation . s maintained at the least possible depth very great influence upon the quality consistent with -safety. of the product. The correct method is to conduct the evaporation in large, I prevented from develo •• shallow pans or evaporators.. This , Horns arepp method has been almost universally , ing by thoroughly rubbing a stick of adopted. But there aro good and bad caustic potash upon the dampened pskin over each horn button when the methods even here. These ens aro set upon arches of calf is less than ono week old. Apply o p p Chapped Hands or Face Cured by aria application of MEbOf A alltAM. Leaves skin smooth and vol- , • ; voty: Used exclusively in Toronto General Hospital for ten years. .Ask your eleuggist for 50e bottle and pre- ssrCre your, youthful complexion, or sent possteeid on receipt se:f Bee. J. Aa Metrionsld, PhtmB31, 84 elogarth Avert Toro'ntaa mound the stone or brick or iron, and heat is lard or vaseline y lied bymeans of a lire built be-' shorn button. 'Wrap one end of the app;!'caustic pencil with strong paper to ' heath. The steam originates in little 1 bubbles, each being held upon the bot- tom of the pan by means of ai thin. :Cilia --somewhat analogous to the film 'which incloses a soap bubble••-an'I materially strengtlienetl by, the weight of the sap above. While so conlinedr lie (reel protect the fingers. Keep caustic Out of calf's eyes. --Dr. A. S. Alexander.. . ote at by Roller skates were first patented Merlin, a Flemish musitabiteeaurnent maker, in 1760.