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Zurich Herald, 1924-01-17, Page 2Should POULTRY How to Cure P,olrk. uld the combs of the flocle, orthe Salt is most necessary legre~ r• :- even of the male birds, become frosted dient.in the proper curing and prosier - the .lairds ;should be, isolated : int nedi- Ration of meat. Fora good .cure, it ately if the injury is serious; .and ie is absolutely necessary that you use .a possible handfuls of snow held over good salt. :By this is meant one that the comb for ten or fifteen' minutes is free from all impurities and adu1- until most of the frost is drawn out. teretions. The extra cost of a pure Then it should be anointed with car- salt should be disregarded when con- bolated vaseline frequently `.until the sidering a safe cure for your meat, THE PREPARATION OF + GRAIN MILK AND MILK SUBSTITUTES acute injury has disappeared• pee curse Foe PORK., FOR SEEDING. address communications to Narono its, ?3 Adelaide St, West, Toronto. In preparing grain for seeding pur- poses a good fanning •mill is prac- FOR PIGS, One of the most important means of ,foem` Education "The Child's First, School le the Family".Froebele' When Your Child ' Confides in You BY EDITH LOOlillIDGE? REID "If I could just be sure that my about it, and see if we can find a bet. children tell me everything:." an ter way to act next time," 'Thee child anxious, devoted mother exclaimed in now feels your sympathy as well as your regret, and he will be eneours. aged to make further confidences just beeause you have treated him in a man -to -.man fashion rather than in a hurt, condescending manner. an earnest tone, when discussing child For 100 pounds of meat use 8 lbs. problems at a little informal gathering beating Jack Frost at his own game salt, 21/2 ilia. sugar made into syrup, of mothers, A hog feeding test recently conduct- is to provide the birds during the cold 2 ounces saltpeter; 4 ounces black "Well they never will tell you quite ed at the Central Experimental Farm, winter months with warm 'drinking e er. I W h y 9 " a 'us Ottawa,indicates the particular suit water: This simply means drinking p -II•• • to all they do or thing or see or hear, tically necessary. The proper dl t- P y 1VIie ingredients and divide . in added a second mother, somewhat in of this machine to. do the work ability of skim -milk for newly weaned water that i$ above the freezing„ point, three onions. Rub the cooled meat "butwhether the. g and youngpigs. It also indicates that p more experienced, y required demands care"and good P g 3% To -day there are many types of heat well with one portion and pack in bar- confide in you more or less will de - judgment as regards the choice and after the hogs have reached or ed vacuum fountains on the market rel or crock. Let stand three days. pend entirelyon how you receive their arrangement of sieves for the kind of 4 months of age other feeds than which enable the poultryman to keep .remove and rub with the second por- onfe. grain to be cleaned. The size of sieve skim-milk'are capable of giving great- fresh warm water before the' birds all tion. After three days have passed, We all wish to have the unqualified will depend on the size of the grains er and more economical gains evhen the time, Allowing a bird to drink ice remove and rub with the last portion,) confidence of our boys and girls, and' to be cleaned and also on the make of such feeds are used to'supplement the water er very cold water in the winter Repack in the barrel and let stand in we must be very charitable in our 1 g if meal ration k not only lowers the production, due to the fanning mill use, However any the brine formed for three wee s. difficult is experienced in getting the Three lots of eight hogs each were the chilling of the body, but in the + attitude when they offer us the se- y p d right adjustment, the maker of the fed a basic meal ration suppiemente case of the male bird Itis apt to freeze Ing ,to the smoke house and allow to',est mothers I ever Itnew had awonder- because we have not trained h•im in mill will help select the right size of with skim Hulk, milk powder and Pro-: the wattles. When he is drinking, Itis become. dry before smoking. fol way with her boys, and the power honesty and truthfulness from baby- sieve, if he is furnished with a one lac meal. The hogs were placed on wattles are pendent in the water and, BRINE CURE SWEEr PICKLE)FOR PORK:I of her discipline lay in her own simple hood, but because he is seeking to de- Inpound sample of the grain in question.' the experiment shortly after weaning, if the day is cold, the particles of , ( P The test lasted for 90 days and for water that adhere to the wattles will! For 100 pounds of pork used: 9 lbs. to cleaninggrain it is desirable 2 ounces u lbs. brownsugar, salt,2 a g 1w as fed meal Lotlong use a top,sieve with perforations just, the first 60 days Lofreeze there and it will not be o g of the above. Pack the meat in a bar Wash meat thoroughly before remov-; crets of their hearts, One of the dear - The sooner a mother. recognizes the fact that her child is heir to' all ordi- nary human frailties, the less disap- pointment will she meet. This inay sound like a paradox, but a wise; ex- perienced mother will admit the truth of it. Our child will disobey and do wrong things just as we did when we were children. He will tell untruths -not and skim milk Lot 2 meal and milk before serious injury will be done to saltpeter, 4 gals water.Make a brine words, "1 try never to act shocked at " what theytell me. The fact is that not many children fend himself from something that e imagines is' worse than lying. ,A a t t is the point I wish. to strt ht here r g pig enough to Thew the kernels to powder, and Lot 3 meal and Pro -lac. do things that their: parents did not about inspiring the child to confide .i pass through. The straw, chaff and the bird. other coarse material and seeds not During this period. Lot 1 made the n rel and be sure that it is covered with do when they were children. We may you. He must not feel that your re- greatest gains with the lowest meal HOGS : this brine. The bacon and smaller not like to admit it, perhaps, but even proaeh is going to be so severe that wanted will be carried over the topconsumption and at considerably the , pieces will need to be in this brine so, why should we always imply in he would rather lie than face it.. Ra - and delivered separately. The air Corn may be safe. relied' p n to hams about our discipline of a child who has done them he must go to you with the feel - lowest cost per Bound of gam in live about four weeks and thea y re ie u o blast should be heavy enough to blow weight. Lai 3 made the lowest daily form the base of the ration for young six weeks. The larger hams should be wrong that he. is the' only one who ing that he is to.receive a fair and; dirt, light kernels and many of the ( g Let 3 r slightly more meal sows. Because it is such 'a good hog, placed in the bottom of the barrel ever was at fault. This method may ,respectable hearing from a judge who weed seeds clear of the good grain., gains, co g y food, the mistake is often, made ., of that they may cure the better. The work vary well when -the child is tiny understands and .sympathizes. He The lower sieve should be smaller! and cost .25 of a cent more per pound relying upon it exclusively.':Althea h.. Y y of gain. Lot 2, on milk powder, made y g Pg , whole should be weighted with a heavy and inexperienced, but it will never must, not be consumed by your wrath than the top sieve and allow the weed the second highest gains but consum- one of the most relished 'grains, cern, weight to keep the meat under the hold his confidence when he is older. nor frightened and humiliated by your seeds and broken kernels to pass ! ed considerably more meal—.22 of a f t ie f d through. The feed should be heavy' y enough to keep the top sieve thinly , pound• more than Lot 1—and cost 1.99 cents more per pound of gain than covered This will bend to carry the it should always be fed in combination washed. After the container is thor- can he do so if we are sitting over him . ways helpful, and constructive sugges- rou h material over the end. It is Lot 1. with foods high in protein that helptoand l,,,,,,. topass the seed For the remaining 30 days the three round out the ration. Tankage of al oughly scalded, the meat is re -packed' weepingelland "1 nese, amy sl t floes nee bolt I doubt whether Y necessary lots were uniformly divided, one-half f and a new brine added. When pickle prised!" thought grain through the mill at least twice of each lot continuing on the former high grade is perhaps the most e cost, rs complete, remove the meat, wash tie son would do such a thing?" acting shocked ata child's misdeeds before a thoroughly satisfactory ration while the milk or milk substi- lar supplement, and, althougli the cost, thoroughly and when dry smoke to a sample is obtained. If oats and bar- seems high, it need only- be fed in; ;good chestnut color. The sugar may le are tutes were withheld from the remain- I g g y present in large quantities small quantities, say half a pound a be omitted from this cure if desired. when cleaning wheat it will der of the hogs. g pay to day to an ordinary brood sow. Tank - is nota perfect or compe oo in;bxino at all times. itself and except 'fora brief period If the pickle becomes ropy, the meat when the hog is in the'fatteriing pen,.. should be removed and thoroughly A child in the wrong feels like any scorn if he does get up the moral eour- sinner: he usually wants to repent, age which it takes to make confession, and make a good resolution. But how Kindly, sympathetic reproof is al - RENDERING LARD. let a fair y heavy flow cover the top The outstanding feature of this part of the test was the good showing sieve, even to the point of allowing made by the hogs receiving Pro -lac some of the wheat to pass over in order to insure the removal of the meal. This lot made an average daily eatest amount of oats and barley. weight with gain edf 1.4 cost pernds in poundlive of gain of 6.16 When the grain on the home farm cents as compared to Lot 1 on meal lot suitable for seeding, seed should and skim -milk with an average daily I purchased from a thoroughly reli- :e source and preferably registered :terial of a variety proven suitable to the district. It is not economical to sow poorly graded seed or seed containing weed seeds. Weeds in a crop entail a direct loss as they take, up space, moisture and plant food. They also add to the cost of harvesting, threshing and handling. gain of 1.33 pounds and a feed cost per pound of; gain of 6.35 cents, while Lot 11 on meal and milk powder made an average daily gain of 1.33 pounds with a feed cost per pound of gain of 9.34 cents, The check lots frons which the milk supplements were withheld made a uniform daily gain of one pound in live weight per hog at a cost of 6.45, 7.32 and 7.59 cents per pound respectively. Short Courses at Ontario Agricultural College FARM POWER COURSE. Farm tractors for . outdoor work, and gasoline engines and electric mo- tors for inside are very rapidly find- ing favor on the farms of Ontario. For the large number of tractors in- troduced during the past few years it has been very difficult to find skilled operators and especially operators with a thorough grasp of the funda- mental principlesunderlying the con- struction and operation of gasoline engines. Many inquiries are received at the Ontario Agricultural College day by day from those wishing in- formation about motors of various types used for Inside work. To afford an opportunity for In- struction along these various lines there is offered a short course in Farm Power at the Ontario Agricultural College, beginning January 22nd and extending over a period of two weeks. Amateurs, being either operators, farmers or farmers' sons are particu- larly invited. Any man or boy may enter the course providing he arrives at the Mechanic's Building, 0.A.C., at, 9 a.m. on the.22nd of January. FARM DAIRY COURSE. The importance and value of a knowledge of modern dairy farm prac- tice will be demonstrated during the Farm Dairy Course—January 21st to February 2nd—at the Dairy Depart- ment of the Ontario Agricultural Col- lege. The work covered will include lectures on the care and handling of dairy cattle, the production and care of milk, veterinary science, crops for the dairy farm, systems of ventilation in dairy barns and the care and use of milking machines, along with prac- tical work in hand separators, butter - making, soft and fancy cheese making and milk testing. No young dairy farmer can afford to be without a course of this kind. If students are unable to remain the full period of two weeks, they may stay one week or less. FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GROWING. The culture of tree and small fruits for both amateur and commercial growers in all parts of the Province will be covered in the short course on Fruit and Vegetable Growing given by the Department of Horticulture, Ontario Agricultural College, January 21st to February 2nd. The course will be as practical as possible. The best methods used in vegetable growing will also be given in detail. The prac- tical work of fruit growing will con- sist of budding, grafting, pruning, planting, packing and marketing the fruit and market packages; in vege- tables, seedage, cuttiige, picking out, potting, transplanting, marketing and market packages. A Fight for Life and Cash The folly of keeping considerable sums of money in the house is again shown in the case of Mr. Clayton Phelps, a well-to-do farmer who has long considered his money safe in his own keeping. Doubtless some watchful and dis- honest individual discovered that he paid his 'bills by cash, instead of by cheque through a regular banking in- stitution; and as Mr. Phelps' home is situated on one side by itself, as he is somewhat deaf and lives alone with his sister, it all looked like an easy place to rob. But the two' robbers had reckoned without their host for they, did not know what a game fighter the farmer would prove to be, nor how hissister would outwit theist by slipping out of the front door and summoning help. Nevertheless, Mr. Phelps had to do battle with his assailants for nearly an hour. Ile defended himself with an axe. Be was shot in the forehead and :fortunately the bullet was about a quarter of an inch too high to prove fatal: The men escaped and have not been apprehended at this writing: As Soon as his condition permitted Oar, 15helpe sorted over his cash 'ut*hieh amounted, it is said, to several thou- sand dollars, even the sliver which he had in the house, and his bonds, and placed them in a bank for safe- keeping. Sooner or later those who keep valu- ables in the house are sure to come to grief. Theft or fire are liable to men- ace at any time. Mr. Phelps had a house safe, but in the hands of a skill- ed burglar this is not Much protection. The attempted robbery at the Phelps' homestead took place at about 8.30 in the evening, as tihe robbers did not even seem to think it necessary to wait until the family had retired. To have one's possessions cared for in the safest possible way is surely good judgment and the small expense entailed is more than offset by the peace of mind gained. Physical -dan- ger for the owner of valuable pro- perty and other fneinber, s of the family as well, attend keeping such posses- sions in the house. , Banks with their vaults as, impreg- nable as they can be made, with their burglar alarms, with their night watchman, with police surveillance, and fire -proof construction—are the roper storehouses for valuable be- ongtnga G.' W. age not only supplies the necessary The leaf fat renders the best quality protein to balance the corn ration, but of lard, and should never be mixed is rich in those mineral . elements with the gut fat. The leaf fat may be which the hog must have in order to removed before the carcass is cut up. It is chopped or ground with the rest of the fat trimmings of the meat. One must be careful to pick out all lean parts for they will cling to the side of. the kettle, burn and discolor the lard. The chopped or ground fat is placed in a big kettle' or roaster with only enough water in the bottom to start the cooking. It requires some little experience to know when the lard is fully rendered. After the little white blisters turn brown on the cracklings and they float, the lard may be removed from the stove shortly. When the cracklings can be lifted out with a paddle • and immediately fry themselves . dry, the processus complete. . , The lard is then removed from the fire and strained through a cloth into jars or pans. Stirring slowly while the lard is cooling will tend to whiten it. Store in a cool place. develop properly. Wintering Bees in a -Cellar. The cellar in which bees are being wintered should be well ventilated but not draughty. The best temperature in the early part of the winter has been found by the Bee Division of the Experimental Farms .at Ottawa, to be around 48 degrees Fahrenheit• To- wards spring it will be found that the bees become restless in this temper- ature. A somewhat lower temper- ature should then be provided. From 42 to 45 degrees has been found satis- factory, with more fresh air. a air in the bee cellar must not r Y+ normoist for enough 'd . . to �imP g o condense on the floors of the hives. The bees should be kept in darkness and be left undisturbed. A bee cellar to contain many colon- ies should be furnished with an air shaft to draw off the foul air, the draught being regulated by dampers. Good insulation may be secured by having the cellar wholly underground or in the side of a hill, and the fresh air may be brought in through a six- inch or eight -inch earthenware: drain pipe laid under the ground. The Dominion Apiarist. in -Bulletin ° tive economy of milk production and No. 33, New Series, entitled "Bees and butter fat production _with the differ- How to Keep Them," says that the ent breeds, it was found that the Hol - date on which bees may be taken out steins produced milk at twenty-three of the cellar in spring depends. upon cents less per hundredweight than did the condition of the weather. It is the Ayrshires, but in producing a usually about the time when the first pound of butter fat there was only .03 willows are in bloom, but it may be cent difference. It was found that advisable to bring them out earlier there was very little difference in the if they are restless and dying fast cost of production of Ayrshires and They should be brought out when the Holsteins, and that on milk production weather is mild, but too cool for them it cost more with Jerseys, but they to fly at once, preferably late in the (the Jerseys) produced butter fat a afternoon of the day before a good fly- i little cheaper than did the other two breeds. Cost Investigations in Relation to Milk and Butter Fat Production. In investigational work with dairy cattle conducted at .the Ontario Agri- cultural College to show the compara- Ing day is expected. To select the day the forecaste of the Dominion weather service published in the daily 'news paper may be helpful. An enameled kettle which has been allowed to boil dry should be filled 'im- mediately with boiling water. Cold water poured into:.. it, in such a case, would cause the enamel to chip. Helen was visiting in the country for the first time. One day several ducks waddled into the yard to eat the green grass. In great glee Helen ran to her mother, calling: "0 mam- ma, come quick and see; these chick- ens have rubber feet!" The Powdered Milk Industry By B. A. Gould, President, Canadian Milk Products, Limited The firstcommercial manufacture lion pounds of Canadian milk will' be of milk powder - in Canada • was at marketed in the form of powder. Brownsville, Ontario, in the 'spring of 1904. The process used was the hot roller process, which is now becoming somewhat obsolete. The product was entirely unknown sea lacked some of the. valuable qualities of modern: pro- cess powders, such as coniplete solu- bility, etc. The growth of the use of milk powder in Canada was therefore very gradual, and a small: production was all that could be successfully marketed. The first modern spray -process powder was also made at Brownsville in 1909, when the original plant was remodelled for this purpose. Tho ad- vantages of the 'powder produced by this process were such that its use has grown rapidly. To -day there are ten producing plants in Canada mak- ing powdered milk of various kinds. The greater part is skimmed milk powder; but there are also consider- able amounts of whole milk powder and of cream powder manufactured, as well as special kinds of powder, such as modified milk powder, protein milk powder, and .lee cream powder. It is estimated that, during the cur- rent year, more than one hundred mil - We may more truthfully say, "I am ever inspired him to act square and - just as sorry as you are that this has play fair. Let's choose a safer way happened; let's talk a little more to face his confessions. Guernseys as Producers. A noticeable feature of the contents of Report No. 15 of the Record of Per- formance of pure-bred dairy cows, published by the Dominion Live Stock Branch, is the advance therein record- ed of the Guernsey breed. In the pre- vious report only 24 cows figured, but in the presentreport there are 64, of which number 35 are owned in Nova Scotia, 21 in British Columbia, 2 in Ontario, and 3 each in Saskatchewan and Quebec. A herd of six Guernseys was kept at the Nappan, N.S., Experi- mental Farm in 1922, and in his re- port for that year the Superintendent gives a milk record table of the breed which contains some interesting pro- duction figures. In the herdreferred to the average butter test was 5.67 per cent.. with ; an average of '• 502.14 his friend again. pounds of fat. ; The average cost of ' In the power of this man he •was feed for 100 pounds of milk was $2.00, helpless to 'do anything for himself. and the _profit over feed cost was He` felt very -lonely and friendless, and $108.31 per cow. One of the cows,wished for someone to talk to who g Kin 's Blanche , of Hillside has made l might understand his animal language. two 365 -day official records, one of He .was not quite sure whether the 12,230 pounds milk' testing '6.23 per boy was his friend. or not. When the cent., and yielding 752 pounds fat, man had been ready to shoot him with and the other 11,826 pounds of milk bis bang, bang gun, the boy had saved with an average test of 5.93 per cent., hiin and had always spoken kindly to yielding 702 pounds of fat. Both re- him. 'But the boy -had helped the man cords were made in the mature class. put on the horrid muzzle that now A three -Year-old has made a record of hurt his head and made it. impossible 7,307 pounds of milk testing 5.35 per for him to get away.` cent,, and 391 pounds fat. A four- In a few minutes the man and boy year-old has a record of 8,026 pounds carne out of the house and led Bruin of milk, and average test of 5.18 per toward the barn. They put some straw cent., and 416 pounds fat. The feed in a little Shed and tied Bruin near it, cost of the herd for the year was $1; He could go in and. out as he wished, 042.19 and the value of production but was always dragging the big chain and progeny $1,076.10. after him. (Boys and girls never have a something heavy tied around their Cultivation of the Blueberry. neck all day, so don't know how disc. A perusal of last year's report of agreeable this felt to the bear).. the Dominion Horticulturist makes it As the little boy started to go away, impossible not to conclude that it Bruin tried in every way he could to should'be in the hands of every fruit tell him he was thirsty and hungry, and vegetable grower and every orna- but he didn't seem to understand. • mental gardener. It describes tests . "Bears are funny acting animals," that have been made, and are being thought the boy. But he did not know. made, with all the principal fruits and that by all these cations Bruin was vegetables and ornamental shrubs. A trying to tell him something. page, for instance, is devoted to the It was nearly dark before he saw culture of the blueberry. In conse- the boy again. This time he brought quence of many inquiries being re- Bruin some food and a small basin of ceivedby the division regarding the water. He set the food and water just, cultivation of that fruit, two members inside of Bruin's little house and rani THE CHILDREN'S HOUR. BRUIN IS TAKEN TO A NEW HOME. It had been a long walk for Bruin, an4 he dropped down wearily by the post where the man had tied him. His foot pained him where it had been pinched in the trap. The muzzle hurt his. nose and pressed behind his ears. "If only the man had not come so soon," he thought Rolly Rabbit, he felt sure, would have come to help him. But now that the marc .had led him so far away, Bruin 'doubted ; if he would ever see of the staff were told aff to make en away as quickly as lie could, just ail! investigating visit as to the situation if he were afraid. The. water was not in the Lake St. John district of Que- half enough to quench Bruin's thirst,' bec and the blueberry areas of New He ,could eat but little of the food, for Brunswick and Nova Scotia. One the horrid muzzle wouldn't allow him conclusion reached is that there is, a to get his mouth wide open -.fats great opportunity, under cultivation, enough. to increase the production, size. and Late that night Bruin laid down ons quality of the wild blueberry by gime his straw bed, tired, ' hungry and, The future of the industry in C` ,ads is very bright, but only those propagating those of outstandingmer- manufacturers who have up-to-date it, at p esent there is much mer - methods and assured capital, as well tion in' size and quality. It was ob- as good selling organizations, are like- served that the most recently burnt- an- ting the poorer individuals • and thirsty. " His foot pained him so he could sleep but little, and he dreamed, of ]horrid bang, bang guns pointing at him, and of big traps ready to catchy him if he moved. ly to succeed. A. great deal of wont i be done toget the milk over land, providing It had not been ---� must still burnt dui.•ing the last two years, pro- Ifvestigations in - Connection produced on the farms • of the quality laced the best picking. It as also' necessary to yield .a first-class pro- P g With Cost of Maintenance observed that bushes older than three. duct. it is not enough to have modern of Beef Cattle. sanitary equipment at the inaanufac- or four years did not produce as large :tinvestigationsonducted b. the or as much fruit as the younger•busli- . • Co's c y taring plants, but the equipment and es., This indicated that a s stet 11nia1.Hsubar dry'Departinent of the methods of the producing farms must Y n `re 0n eek Agricultural College, with also be ufeto-date or the product,rwill pruning might prove beneficial where beef cattle *ave the following inter- cultural methods can. be adopted. not be of the highest quality. Much Blueberries were found on soils rang- jesting figures;' harm has been done to the industry in from G per The average cost of feeding breed-, the marketing of inferior powdered g 0 p cent. sand to 50 per , by B P . cent. clay, on peaty soils and on sandyIng beef cows' in the College herd was milk, and it is only by •e fear expensive ex- 'sails. " Excellent plants,15.9 cents per .day. The cost of labor erienee that buyers have learned that says the xe P �' port, were also•found on soil contain p'' . cow per day was 7 cents. The milk powders of the same chemical iii much br k n -d 1' t value of the manure per, cow per day',, , was b.$ cents, and the cost of bedding per cow per day was 1.9 entre Tint total feed and labor cost per Cow pet\ year, after deducting the value of mae, liure, was $59.85., The !average weigh of lieaf• calves born during the ea" rht u g Y , analysis may nevertheless vary great=1 g o e P.10own Imes one. ly in value. ' Ten horseshoes nailed y over the This industry will boom() One aft stable door will not revent the bad rapidly growing value to Canada if fuck that one shoe badly nailed on a the manufacturers are able to keep foot will produce. y the quality of their product second to p' none. The home market is capable of There is a. virtue in the cow;' she is 1922 was 7...8 pounds, . `� ,8 further development, and foreign roar- full of goodness; the whole landscape lace h t r,aatt a rotates the to 0 forthe right kind. of s outher �..- : I'st l leets are open glook of soft oyes. John :Bur-` p '� �► powder. . roughs. of the world fit 1,500,000,0