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Zurich Herald, 1931-11-26, Page 3a Sunday School Lesson t}r•t•►�•w• will, instead,, work with him for the common'good. The master -slave rela- tionship, based on self-interest, must go as Love conies ii., The leedor- fellow worker relationship, based upon community interest, will 'conte, --as Love comes in, III. PAYING OTHERS' DEBTS, 17-20. November 29. Lessen IX -Paul's Let- Paul offered to pay back whatever ter to Philemon—Philemon 4.20. Onesimus had stolen. It must have Golden Text—There Is neither bond been a good sum, for it took him all the way to Roanee. Paul used to' be a nor free . for ye all are one in Christ Jesus,—Galatians $. 28. ANALYSIS. APPRECIATING GOODNESS, Phil. 4-7, II.• BOSS OR BROTHER? 8-161 III. PAYING OTHERS' DEBTS, 17-20. INTRODUcTIO T — Paul must have written a great many private letters —he had formed so many intimate frieneships everywhere. This letter to Philemon is the only complete letter. whic'' we now posses$. It is one of :the most beautiful letters ever writ- ten. • Sabatier said of it, "Only a few familiar lines, but so full of g 3: race, o serious and trustful affection, that this short epistle gleams like a pearl ' of the most exquisite purity in the rich. treasure of the New Testament."' I. APPRECIATING GOODNESS; Phil. 4-7. Philemon, apparently, lived in Col- ossm. We are not told this definitely, but Onesimus is referred to as "one of yourselves," Col. 4: 9. A member of his household is a leader in the Colossian church, Col. 4: 17. Paul carne to know him, probably. in Ephe- sus. He was well-to-do, able to keep servants, entertain the church in his own house (v. 2), and act as a public benefactor, vs. 5, 7. The Christian communities were as yet small and had no buildings of their own. Some wealthier member gate the use of his house for their gatherings. Philemon was greatly loved for his work among the poor. It is evident from v. 7 that the whole church at Colosse had bene-, fited by some particularly needed and welcomed gift. Paul rejoices, not because Philemon 'is well, and prospering in business, but because he is a true Christian and is devoting himself to a life of prac- tical helpfulness. How this warm- hearted brother who evidently pre- ferred to remain in the background (Col. 4: 17) must•have been gladden- ed and encouraged at having his labors thus recognized and appreciat- ed by the great apostle! Ii. P --OSS OR BROTHER? 8-16. Paul writes to intercede for a run- away stave, Onesimus. '"He had been a worthless fellow andhad finally run away, after robbing his master, as Paul hints, of a considerable sump of money. He made his way to Rome, as fugitive slaves usually did. Eventu- ally, destitute and lonesome, he met the only man in that great city whole he could trust to befriend him.. Through Paul he was converted and .attached himself to his benefactor as a Trost devoted and valuable pereonal attendant, v. 13. When an opportun- ity came. -Paul sent him back to his owner. The letter is an appeal for forgiveness, and also to have One- simus received, not :nerely as a slave, but as r, brother in the' Lord. Paul's letter suggests the Christian Way of dealing with our fellows. He could have commanded Philemon. Philemon owed Peel a great deal, in- cluding his spiritual life. Paul, as .an apostle also, had great powers. But Le preferred to use persuasion, and rely on the affection of his friends and • seiritual children. He would win by 'love rather than by law. The "I com- mand you" method may win mechan- ical obedience; it cannot create a help- ful and happy relationship. Paul, therefore, did not make his demand from the position of a master. He appealer on the level of ordinary hu- man brotherhood. He is just an "old elan," old before bis time, it is true. He is in jail. He :s Philemon's fellow - worker, A. response to that kind of an appeal will mean blessing for all three. Paul's letter also suggests the Christian relationship in business and industry. Onesimus had been a worth- less slave. Now he is coming back of his own free will. Only one thing could make that possible,—love. Love will make of Onesimus a better slave ,;han he has ever been. On the other hand, it will make of Philemon a new kind of master. Once, probably, he looked upon Onesimus as an instrume mt of be sold, leased or mortgaged within 30 profit. Now he will see in him a bro- ther. years. When Paul asserted the principle of breiherhood (v. 16) he struck a blow at the system of slavery. The appli- cation of that principle has been the destruction of slavery in every Chris- tian society. 'When a man recognizes in another a member of his own fam- ily, he will no longer treat him as n bit of machinery. He wi11 then cease utilizing every opportunity to make money out of his brother's need. He i poor man, working his way with his hands. In later life; however, he gave indications that lie had funds at his disposal. Possibly he may have in- herited some wealth from his family. ee Leniency Leniency in dealing with erring children; Yes, one 'cannot be too kind or forgiving, provided there is method and efficiency of supervision —Harshness or imprisonment only creates a stubborn determination to resist and get even by increased violence and wrongdoing. A boy ran away from a Reform school. The police were notified-- his otified—his escapade, name and history. were broadcasted through the newspapers. He was captured in.. due time, of course, but this publicity ruined his chances and prospects in life.—Re- sentment„ at injustice embittered him to such an extent that reform be- come impossible. Does a policy of forgiveness and kindness pay? Yes a thousand times over, as we have often de- monstrated. -J. 3. Kelso. Record Flights Donald Rose' in the North Ameri- can Review (New York): Only in insignificant degree have the • .record flights been converted to real use- fulness. Some have served for laboratory tests, as automobile rac- ing once stimulated the building of better cars. But most of them have been seven-day sensations for a thrill -thirsty public and not much more. Sonie of the most elaborate and expensive •have proved nearly nothing except , for example, that there is ice at the Pole 'in super- fluous quantities. Many have end- ed in disaster and dark tragedy. And some have ended exactly where they began, leaving the world no wiser nor better nor happier for an incredible effort and a daring chal- lenge to chance and danger, Farrn Relief By Chemistry Gold Hoarding Manchester Guardian: That the flow of gold across the Atlantic should stop is really just as import- ant to the French as to American bankers. French investors are al- ready beginning to lose their nerve and to withdraw their money from the banks and hoard it and if that internal drain got going in earnest all the bullion which is now crossing the Atlantic world he poured into a bottomless pit. Planes to be Carried By Akron Being Tested Lakehurst, N,J.—The first of the small fighting airplanes which are to be carried on the new Navy airship Akron have been received here and are undergoing testing. These places, designed by the Curtiss-Wright engin- eers, have been constructed with two main objectives—the highest possible speed and the greatest practical light- ness. A special hangar is being con- structed in the interior of the airship to house four planes. Large Italian Families Get 5 -Room Bungalow Rome.—Each of the 10 families in Italy with the largest number of child- ren will be given a five -room bunga- low by the Governor of Rome, begin- ning on Christmas, 1932, it was an- nounced recently. Similar prizes will be given each year for five years. With the prize goes a proviso that the houses canuot (From Review of Reviews, ,t.ugust, 1931) ,A. generation ago 'Sir William Crookes startled the world by predict- ing famine because of lack of nitrogen for fertilizers. During the war Mili- tary authorities of the United States' were gravely concerned about possible shortage of nitrogen for explosives, as well as for the increased food produc- tion to supply the demands of war. Even five years ago the production of fertilizer nitrogen in the United States was less than half of the ..country's consumption, hindering more efficient' fanning through shortage of .domestic supplies and by the high price of im- ported products. Within these five years the situation has been reversed. The use of ferti- lizer nitrogen has increased about 50 per cent., while production has in- creased 100 per cent. With production of synthetic nitrogen from the air in- creased 1000 per cent., a reduction of about 50 per cent in prices, and fur- ther large increases in sight, it is cer- tain that the United States will soon produce much ',more nitrogen than it consumes. Either she must become a nitrogen exporting nation, the industry must find new uses for its products, or she must persuade the American farmer of what seems an unquestionable fact, that he can use much more nitrogen on his fields to make much more money. From the prospect of a world - famine in nitrogen to a surplus in less than forty years is perhaps the most rapid revolution of a major industry ever worked in scientific history. Peace of Mind . Efficiency in business methods will enable us to make money and thus enjoy added, luxuries but only religion can give us peace of mind, joy in service, courage in time of trouble and hopefulness concerning the future.—J: J. Kelso. Since no living plant or animal can use air nitrogen directly, essential as it is for the growth of living protop- lasm, before the days of man or of synthetic chemistry, life on earth had - to depend for its nitrogen on lightning and on germs. Every lighning flash shatters a tiny percentage of the oxy- gen and nitrogen atoms in its path. Compounds like nitric acid are formed axle brought down by the rain. They are then in a form that plants can utilize them freely. Bacteria, too, es- pecially those that live on the roots of clover and alfalfa and related plants, have imposed upon them the duty of replenishing the nitrogen of the soil, and fuinish the reason why the wise farmer includes these plants in his crop rotation. Sir William Crookes' prediction of world -disaster went wrong for two rea- sons. In the first place two sources of combined nitrogen had already been. discovered. One of them was coal, from which by heating we now make coke or gas and in so doing liberate the nitrogen which lightning and germs combined in the Coal Age. The other is the natural nitrate of Chile, where millions of tons of combined nitrogen, probably formed by light- ning on the stormy crest of the An- des, have accumulated in a rainless desert whence none of the precious material has washed away. Sir Wil- liam underestimated both these sources. New methods, such as the Guggenheim process, have been de- vised, to work the Chilean deposits more efficiently, thus saving thousands of tons of nitrogen that formerly wont to waste. The second reason his prediction failed was because of the marvellous advance in synthetic chemistry. This enables us now to imitate lightning— that is, to accomplish the artificial fixation of the inexhaustible but use- less nitrogen of the air. At first, powerful electric arcs played in air to force some of the atoms to combine. This has been almost discarded: An- other early process, still iu use, is to heat the calcium carbide otherwise used to make acetylene, in nitrogen, to yield a chemical compound called cynanamid, used directly as a fertilizer or convertible to other compounds. But the most efficient method of pro- ducing this nitrogen in usable form is the direct synthesis of ammonia, gas from its two chemical elements, nitro- gen and hydrogen. During the war, Germany's desperate need of nitrogen for explosives -the Chilean supply be- ing cut off by the biockade—stimu- fated the practical development of the first steps in this directida taken by the distinguished German chemist, Professor Fritz Haber. British, Qne of Eleven ouvil Mrs. 11. R. Tate, elected from Central Willesden West district, one of the eleven women winning parliamentary seats in recent British general elections. French and American chemists each contributed ideas and experiments, un- til last year this method presented the world with about as much fertilizer as the entire production of Chile, and Omit a quarter of all the nitrogen con- sumed on farms and in the factories of the world. We might call the process atomic torture. A nitrogen atom has a cen- teal nucleus composed of fourteen par- ticles of positive electricity and seven of negative electricity tightly clumped together, with seven more negative particles revolving loosely about this central point like planets about a sun. The hydrogen atoms consist of a cen- tral entral nucleus of only one positive elec- tric particle, with a single negative one revolving about it. To produce ammonia the chemist must make each nitrogen atom accept union with three hydrogen. ones. This is done by com- pressing nitrogen gas from the air and hydrogen gas from natural gas or from water by thousands of pounds to the square inch, and passing it over a fine dust of iron, nickel, or some other catalyst. It Is believed that the out- side particles of nitrogen are distort- ed. istorted so that they lose their hold on the nucleus and combine with clic hydro popular. Copenhagen, for instance, gen. moves almost entirely on the bicycle, Phosphorus and potash have become so does the Hague. In Berlin the important fertilizers as a result of streets are crowded with bicycles at chemical research. the hours when people are going or coming from work. Factories on the outskirts of the city have accommoda- tion for thousands of bicycles, as most of the workers find this the cheapest and easiest way of travelling. $4000,000 Edison Memorial Planned Everbiurning Light to be Featw's West Grange, N.J.—lairs. Thomas A, Edison has given her approval. to a plan sponsored by the chamber .of commerce and citizens of the Oranges and Maplewood for erection of a X1,000,000 memorial to her late husband on a promoutary overloole ing the home and laboratories of the dead inventor. Plans for the memorial have not been decided upon, but it is ex- pected that its central feature will he a huge tower, surmounted by an ever -burning light to serve the en- tire metropolitan area as an avia- time beacon. A nation-wide committee, with President Hoover as honorary chair- man, will be organized under Pres- ent plans. It is hoped that Secre- tary Andrew W. Mellon will serve as honorary treasurer, The coo. mittee In charge plans to form or- ganizations throughout the world for the purpose of raising funds for the memorial. Youths Work Without Pay Berlin.—The Germans have a prov- erb: "Work makes existence sweet," and a large number of youth under twenty-one years of age, who have bandedthemselves together as the "Young German Order,"'aro endeavor- ing to prove this. So weary are many of these boys of being without a job that they are demanding work of any kind without pay. Some six miles out of the busy town of Bautzen in Saxony flows a rivulet known as Albrechts Brook which, picturesque though it is, does great damage to the surrounding country every spring by the overflow- ing verflowing of its hanks For the last twelve years it has been intended to regulate. the undisciplined stream and drain the land, but the necessary funds were. lacking. The first experiment is now being made with 120 volunteers, who go singing to their •cork every morn- ing, glad to be about and doing again. They are provided with food and lodg- ing, simple, but ad. uate, also with workman's clothing to save their own, and—though this is not considered payment—with 50 pfennigs (about 13 cents) daily as pocket money. Bicycle Comes Back The bicycle is returning to favor in England. Cycle manufacturers are finding the demand for bicycles higher than it has been for the last seven or eight years. Although the bicycle has not been seen so much in the larger cities dur- ing the last few years, there are cer- tain places which have always been known as Bicycle Towns. Bedford is the most famous "bicycle town" in. England, and has the highest proportion of bicycles to its popula- tion. This is probably due to the flat- ness of the surrounding country. In Bedford the preponderance of bicycles is so great that shopkeepers make spe- cial arrangements for parking them. On the continent the bicycle is very elir The Stout One—"They say that music inspires men to heroic deeds." The Slim One—"You ought to play the Wedding March when Jack comes some evening." Tomato Popular in Germany Berlin.—Perhaps no vegetable has become so popular in Germany as the tomato, and yet some thirty years ago it was hardly known. When it did ap- pear, it was regarded with suspicion on. account of its brilliant color and considered harmful. For a long time, under the name of Liebesapfel (love apple) it was only cultivated in a few gardens for decoration. To -day the tomato is eaten and enjoyed in every form by rich and' poor alike. Now that it has been proved that this use- ful fruit or vegetable—opinions differ I as to its rightful cognomen—will keep good for over six weeks in ice storage,, the growing grounds throughout the BY ANNE -ELI->; WORTHINGTON Illustrated Dressmaking Lesson Furnished with Every Pattern The wide hemline of this black sheer velvet is so attractive when in motion. The fulness is gained in a low placed flounce, so as to keep the silhouette slender. The deep V -cut of the front bo- dice terminating in a softly tied treatment, contributes further to its slimness. The sleeves are puffed above the elbows in new Eugenie manner. Style No. 3361 is designed for • sizes 16, 18 years, 36, 38, 40 and 42 inches bust. Size 36 requires 3% yards 39 - inch, with as yard 35 -inch con- trasting. It's stunning in black crepe satin with white crepe satin vest, collar and revers. Crepe marocain and canton -faille crepe are also suitable, HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS. Write your name and address plainly, giving number and size of such patterns as you want. Enclose 20c in stamps or coin (coin prefer- red; wrap it carefully) for each number, and address your order to Wilson Pattern Service, 73 West Adelaide St., Toronto. country have been enormously in- Museum Gets British Guiana Gets Aid . creased, but foreign importers, with Petrified Lizard To Develop Rice Industry Holland at their.head, do a very great Montreal,—Salamander, or no sale- Georgetown, aleGeorgetown, British Guiana The trade with Germany. minders, the Peale River district is Colonial Development Committee has : going to have its lizards. Scarcely granted £1,520 (about $7,000), for the Alberta Leads had the claims to antiquity of sala- purchase of machinery for develop- Ottawa. —Alberta replaced Sas- menders found at Hudson's Hope been ment of the rice industry, the Govern- officially denied, when a genuine, of or was informed recently. The money I:achewan as the greatest wheat -pro- petrified, section of an ichthyosarus will be used to buy a rice mill from deicing Province of the Dominion this was placed in the hands of Francis Scotland which will have a capacity year, with a total estimated yield of Kermode, directorof the Provincial for cleaning 1,500 to 2,000 pounds of 135,000,000 bushels, the report of the Museum, Vancouver,' }3.C. Several ounces in weight and six inches in length, the stone fragment reached Mr. Kermode from a police post at Hudson's Hope, and is now a fully accredited exhibit in the museamn. The house of laughter makes a house of woe.—Young, Bureau of Statistics shows. In 1930 the Alberta wheat yield was 132,900,- 000 bushels, Saskatchewan this year has au estimated yield of 117,000,000 bushels, as compared with the 196,322,- 000 90,322;000 of a year ago. Manitoba shows a drop from 45,278,000 bushels to an even 37,000,000 this year. paddy an hour. British Guiana supplies rice to near- by colonies in competition with India. Increased cultvation will provide em- ployment for many natives, and it is even said that rice to a great extent may take the place of flour, which is now imported from foreign markets. difirdEMPPAYOST01.21.19231511,"11 MUTT AND JEFF— By BUD FISHER JEFF; 014E THY '60'129ove A DOLLAR OFF `(OU TO PAY, BACK SLR SIDNEY .00 TtiAT'T RIGWT,. MVTT The NEXT 'DA`i z BORRow 11 BACK' OFF,. SIR SID ""!t PAY vav LISTEN, t'lp, tiere 's A 'vdA'Y SQuAR . v RYTHItOG - , p rNTeR czrlso Ob1 ODD 'DA`t5 '(00 Se.ND 9ouA'R -i'D SID- AND ons GUEi.J ibAYS LCA Slle SID SeNrD IT DP,cia. ) High Finance Hits Stratosphere. AND LCAVE me • OUT OF IT • 4 Id 'II fli w moi yfJ:%7/?//h%/1///,'' rob. `Ai .I y/ ii 4 4 A 4 JI M 4 J! ai 4