Zurich Herald, 1931-11-26, Page 3a
Sunday School
Lesson
t}r•t•►�•w•
will, instead,, work with him for the
common'good. The master -slave rela-
tionship, based on self-interest, must
go as Love conies ii., The leedor-
fellow worker relationship, based upon
community interest, will 'conte, --as
Love comes in,
III. PAYING OTHERS' DEBTS, 17-20.
November 29. Lessen IX -Paul's Let- Paul offered to pay back whatever
ter to Philemon—Philemon 4.20. Onesimus had stolen. It must have
Golden Text—There Is neither bond been a good sum, for it took him all
the way to Roanee. Paul used to' be a
nor free . for ye all are one in
Christ Jesus,—Galatians $. 28.
ANALYSIS.
APPRECIATING GOODNESS, Phil. 4-7,
II.• BOSS OR BROTHER? 8-161
III. PAYING OTHERS' DEBTS, 17-20.
INTRODUcTIO T — Paul must have
written a great many private letters
—he had formed so many intimate
frieneships everywhere. This letter
to Philemon is the only complete letter.
whic'' we now posses$. It is one of
:the most beautiful letters ever writ-
ten. • Sabatier said of it, "Only a few
familiar lines, but so full of g 3:
race, o
serious and trustful affection, that
this short epistle gleams like a pearl
' of the most exquisite purity in the
rich. treasure of the New Testament."'
I. APPRECIATING GOODNESS; Phil. 4-7.
Philemon, apparently, lived in Col-
ossm. We are not told this definitely,
but Onesimus is referred to as "one
of yourselves," Col. 4: 9. A member
of his household is a leader in the
Colossian church, Col. 4: 17. Paul
carne to know him, probably. in Ephe-
sus. He was well-to-do, able to keep
servants, entertain the church in his
own house (v. 2), and act as a public
benefactor, vs. 5, 7. The Christian
communities were as yet small and
had no buildings of their own. Some
wealthier member gate the use of his
house for their gatherings. Philemon
was greatly loved for his work among
the poor. It is evident from v. 7 that
the whole church at Colosse had bene-,
fited by some particularly needed and
welcomed gift.
Paul rejoices, not because Philemon
'is well, and prospering in business,
but because he is a true Christian and
is devoting himself to a life of prac-
tical helpfulness. How this warm-
hearted brother who evidently pre-
ferred to remain in the background
(Col. 4: 17) must•have been gladden-
ed and encouraged at having his
labors thus recognized and appreciat-
ed by the great apostle!
Ii. P --OSS OR BROTHER? 8-16.
Paul writes to intercede for a run-
away stave, Onesimus. '"He had been a
worthless fellow andhad finally run
away, after robbing his master, as
Paul hints, of a considerable sump of
money. He made his way to Rome, as
fugitive slaves usually did. Eventu-
ally, destitute and lonesome, he met
the only man in that great city whole
he could trust to befriend him..
Through Paul he was converted and
.attached himself to his benefactor as
a Trost devoted and valuable pereonal
attendant, v. 13. When an opportun-
ity came. -Paul sent him back to his
owner. The letter is an appeal for
forgiveness, and also to have One-
simus received, not :nerely as a slave,
but as r, brother in the' Lord.
Paul's letter suggests the Christian
Way of dealing with our fellows. He
could have commanded Philemon.
Philemon owed Peel a great deal, in-
cluding his spiritual life. Paul, as
.an apostle also, had great powers. But
Le preferred to use persuasion, and
rely on the affection of his friends and
• seiritual children. He would win by
'love rather than by law. The "I com-
mand you" method may win mechan-
ical obedience; it cannot create a help-
ful and happy relationship. Paul,
therefore, did not make his demand
from the position of a master. He
appealer on the level of ordinary hu-
man brotherhood. He is just an "old
elan," old before bis time, it is true.
He is in jail. He :s Philemon's fellow -
worker, A. response to that kind of
an appeal will mean blessing for all
three.
Paul's letter also suggests the
Christian relationship in business and
industry. Onesimus had been a worth-
less slave. Now he is coming back of
his own free will. Only one thing could
make that possible,—love. Love will
make of Onesimus a better slave ,;han
he has ever been. On the other hand,
it will make of Philemon a new kind
of master. Once, probably, he looked
upon Onesimus as an instrume mt of be sold, leased or mortgaged within 30
profit. Now he will see in him a bro-
ther. years.
When Paul asserted the principle of
breiherhood (v. 16) he struck a blow
at the system of slavery. The appli-
cation of that principle has been the
destruction of slavery in every Chris-
tian society. 'When a man recognizes
in another a member of his own fam-
ily, he will no longer treat him as n
bit of machinery. He wi11 then cease
utilizing every opportunity to make
money out of his brother's need. He i
poor man, working his way with his
hands. In later life; however, he gave
indications that lie had funds at his
disposal. Possibly he may have in-
herited some wealth from his family.
ee Leniency
Leniency in dealing with erring
children; Yes, one 'cannot be too
kind or forgiving, provided there is
method and efficiency of supervision
—Harshness or imprisonment only
creates a stubborn determination to
resist and get even by increased
violence and wrongdoing.
A boy ran away from a Reform
school. The police were notified--
his
otified—his escapade, name and history. were
broadcasted through the newspapers.
He was captured in.. due time, of
course, but this publicity ruined his
chances and prospects in life.—Re-
sentment„ at injustice embittered
him to such an extent that reform be-
come impossible.
Does a policy of forgiveness and
kindness pay? Yes a thousand
times over, as we have often de-
monstrated. -J. 3. Kelso.
Record Flights
Donald Rose' in the North Ameri-
can Review (New York): Only in
insignificant degree have the • .record
flights been converted to real use-
fulness. Some have served for
laboratory tests, as automobile rac-
ing once stimulated the building of
better cars. But most of them have
been seven-day sensations for a
thrill -thirsty public and not much
more. Sonie of the most elaborate
and expensive •have proved nearly
nothing except , for example, that
there is ice at the Pole 'in super-
fluous quantities. Many have end-
ed in disaster and dark tragedy.
And some have ended exactly where
they began, leaving the world no
wiser nor better nor happier for an
incredible effort and a daring chal-
lenge to chance and danger,
Farrn Relief
By Chemistry
Gold Hoarding
Manchester Guardian: That the
flow of gold across the Atlantic
should stop is really just as import-
ant to the French as to American
bankers. French investors are al-
ready beginning to lose their nerve
and to withdraw their money from
the banks and hoard it and if that
internal drain got going in earnest
all the bullion which is now crossing
the Atlantic world he poured into a
bottomless pit.
Planes to be Carried
By Akron Being Tested
Lakehurst, N,J.—The first of the
small fighting airplanes which are to
be carried on the new Navy airship
Akron have been received here and
are undergoing testing. These places,
designed by the Curtiss-Wright engin-
eers, have been constructed with two
main objectives—the highest possible
speed and the greatest practical light-
ness. A special hangar is being con-
structed in the interior of the airship
to house four planes.
Large Italian Families
Get 5 -Room Bungalow
Rome.—Each of the 10 families in
Italy with the largest number of child-
ren will be given a five -room bunga-
low by the Governor of Rome, begin-
ning on Christmas, 1932, it was an-
nounced recently.
Similar prizes will be given each
year for five years. With the prize
goes a proviso that the houses canuot
(From Review of Reviews,
,t.ugust, 1931)
,A. generation ago 'Sir William
Crookes startled the world by predict-
ing famine because of lack of nitrogen
for fertilizers. During the war Mili-
tary authorities of the United States'
were gravely concerned about possible
shortage of nitrogen for explosives, as
well as for the increased food produc-
tion to supply the demands of war.
Even five years ago the production of
fertilizer nitrogen in the United States
was less than half of the ..country's
consumption, hindering more efficient'
fanning through shortage of .domestic
supplies and by the high price of im-
ported products.
Within these five years the situation
has been reversed. The use of ferti-
lizer nitrogen has increased about 50
per cent., while production has in-
creased 100 per cent. With production
of synthetic nitrogen from the air in-
creased 1000 per cent., a reduction of
about 50 per cent in prices, and fur-
ther large increases in sight, it is cer-
tain that the United States will soon
produce much ',more nitrogen than it
consumes.
Either she must become a nitrogen
exporting nation, the industry must
find new uses for its products, or she
must persuade the American farmer
of what seems an unquestionable fact,
that he can use much more nitrogen
on his fields to make much more
money. From the prospect of a world -
famine in nitrogen to a surplus in less
than forty years is perhaps the most
rapid revolution of a major industry
ever worked in scientific history.
Peace of Mind .
Efficiency in business methods
will enable us to make money and
thus enjoy added, luxuries but only
religion can give us peace of mind,
joy in service, courage in time of
trouble and hopefulness concerning
the future.—J: J. Kelso.
Since no living plant or animal can
use air nitrogen directly, essential as
it is for the growth of living protop-
lasm, before the days of man or of
synthetic chemistry, life on earth had -
to depend for its nitrogen on lightning
and on germs. Every lighning flash
shatters a tiny percentage of the oxy-
gen and nitrogen atoms in its path.
Compounds like nitric acid are formed
axle brought down by the rain. They
are then in a form that plants can
utilize them freely. Bacteria, too, es-
pecially those that live on the roots of
clover and alfalfa and related plants,
have imposed upon them the duty of
replenishing the nitrogen of the soil,
and fuinish the reason why the wise
farmer includes these plants in his
crop rotation.
Sir William Crookes' prediction of
world -disaster went wrong for two rea-
sons. In the first place two sources of
combined nitrogen had already been.
discovered. One of them was coal,
from which by heating we now make
coke or gas and in so doing liberate
the nitrogen which lightning and
germs combined in the Coal Age. The
other is the natural nitrate of Chile,
where millions of tons of combined
nitrogen, probably formed by light-
ning on the stormy crest of the An-
des, have accumulated in a rainless
desert whence none of the precious
material has washed away. Sir Wil-
liam underestimated both these
sources. New methods, such as the
Guggenheim process, have been de-
vised, to work the Chilean deposits
more efficiently, thus saving thousands
of tons of nitrogen that formerly wont
to waste.
The second reason his prediction
failed was because of the marvellous
advance in synthetic chemistry. This
enables us now to imitate lightning—
that is, to accomplish the artificial
fixation of the inexhaustible but use-
less nitrogen of the air. At first,
powerful electric arcs played in air to
force some of the atoms to combine.
This has been almost discarded: An-
other early process, still iu use, is to
heat the calcium carbide otherwise
used to make acetylene, in nitrogen,
to yield a chemical compound called
cynanamid, used directly as a fertilizer
or convertible to other compounds.
But the most efficient method of pro-
ducing this nitrogen in usable form is
the direct synthesis of ammonia, gas
from its two chemical elements, nitro-
gen and hydrogen. During the war,
Germany's desperate need of nitrogen
for explosives -the Chilean supply be-
ing cut off by the biockade—stimu-
fated the practical development of the
first steps in this directida taken by
the distinguished German chemist,
Professor Fritz Haber. British,
Qne of Eleven
ouvil
Mrs. 11. R. Tate, elected from
Central Willesden West district,
one of the eleven women winning
parliamentary seats in recent
British general elections.
French and American chemists each
contributed ideas and experiments, un-
til last year this method presented the
world with about as much fertilizer as
the entire production of Chile, and
Omit a quarter of all the nitrogen con-
sumed on farms and in the factories of
the world.
We might call the process atomic
torture. A nitrogen atom has a cen-
teal nucleus composed of fourteen par-
ticles of positive electricity and seven
of negative electricity tightly clumped
together, with seven more negative
particles revolving loosely about this
central point like planets about a sun.
The hydrogen atoms consist of a cen-
tral
entral nucleus of only one positive elec-
tric particle, with a single negative
one revolving about it. To produce
ammonia the chemist must make each
nitrogen atom accept union with three
hydrogen. ones. This is done by com-
pressing nitrogen gas from the air and
hydrogen gas from natural gas or from
water by thousands of pounds to the
square inch, and passing it over a fine
dust of iron, nickel, or some other
catalyst. It Is believed that the out-
side particles of nitrogen are distort-
ed.
istorted so that they lose their hold on the
nucleus and combine with clic hydro popular. Copenhagen, for instance,
gen. moves almost entirely on the bicycle,
Phosphorus and potash have become so does the Hague. In Berlin the
important fertilizers as a result of streets are crowded with bicycles at
chemical research. the hours when people are going or
coming from work. Factories on the
outskirts of the city have accommoda-
tion for thousands of bicycles, as most
of the workers find this the cheapest
and easiest way of travelling.
$4000,000 Edison Memorial Planned
Everbiurning Light to be Featw's
West Grange, N.J.—lairs. Thomas
A, Edison has given her approval. to
a plan sponsored by the chamber .of
commerce and citizens of the
Oranges and Maplewood for erection
of a X1,000,000 memorial to her late
husband on a promoutary overloole
ing the home and laboratories of the
dead inventor.
Plans for the memorial have not
been decided upon, but it is ex-
pected that its central feature will
he a huge tower, surmounted by an
ever -burning light to serve the en-
tire metropolitan area as an avia-
time beacon.
A nation-wide committee, with
President Hoover as honorary chair-
man, will be organized under Pres-
ent plans. It is hoped that Secre-
tary Andrew W. Mellon will serve
as honorary treasurer, The coo.
mittee In charge plans to form or-
ganizations throughout the world for
the purpose of raising funds for the
memorial.
Youths Work Without Pay
Berlin.—The Germans have a prov-
erb: "Work makes existence sweet,"
and a large number of youth under
twenty-one years of age, who have
bandedthemselves together as the
"Young German Order,"'aro endeavor-
ing to prove this. So weary are many
of these boys of being without a job
that they are demanding work of any
kind without pay. Some six miles out
of the busy town of Bautzen in Saxony
flows a rivulet known as Albrechts
Brook which, picturesque though it is,
does great damage to the surrounding
country every spring by the overflow-
ing
verflowing of its hanks For the last twelve
years it has been intended to regulate.
the undisciplined stream and drain the
land, but the necessary funds were.
lacking. The first experiment is now
being made with 120 volunteers, who
go singing to their •cork every morn-
ing, glad to be about and doing again.
They are provided with food and lodg-
ing, simple, but ad. uate, also with
workman's clothing to save their own,
and—though this is not considered
payment—with 50 pfennigs (about 13
cents) daily as pocket money.
Bicycle Comes Back
The bicycle is returning to favor in
England. Cycle manufacturers are
finding the demand for bicycles higher
than it has been for the last seven or
eight years.
Although the bicycle has not been
seen so much in the larger cities dur-
ing the last few years, there are cer-
tain places which have always been
known as Bicycle Towns.
Bedford is the most famous "bicycle
town" in. England, and has the highest
proportion of bicycles to its popula-
tion. This is probably due to the flat-
ness of the surrounding country. In
Bedford the preponderance of bicycles
is so great that shopkeepers make spe-
cial arrangements for parking them.
On the continent the bicycle is very
elir
The Stout One—"They say that
music inspires men to heroic
deeds."
The Slim One—"You ought to
play the Wedding March when Jack
comes some evening."
Tomato Popular in Germany
Berlin.—Perhaps no vegetable has
become so popular in Germany as the
tomato, and yet some thirty years ago
it was hardly known. When it did ap-
pear, it was regarded with suspicion
on. account of its brilliant color and
considered harmful. For a long time,
under the name of Liebesapfel (love
apple) it was only cultivated in a few
gardens for decoration. To -day the
tomato is eaten and enjoyed in every
form by rich and' poor alike. Now
that it has been proved that this use-
ful fruit or vegetable—opinions differ I
as to its rightful cognomen—will keep
good for over six weeks in ice storage,,
the growing grounds throughout the
BY ANNE -ELI->; WORTHINGTON
Illustrated Dressmaking Lesson
Furnished with Every Pattern
The wide hemline of this black
sheer velvet is so attractive when
in motion. The fulness is gained in
a low placed flounce, so as to keep
the silhouette slender.
The deep V -cut of the front bo-
dice terminating in a softly tied
treatment, contributes further to
its slimness.
The sleeves are puffed above the
elbows in new Eugenie manner.
Style No. 3361 is designed for •
sizes 16, 18 years, 36, 38, 40 and 42
inches bust.
Size 36 requires 3% yards 39 -
inch, with as yard 35 -inch con-
trasting.
It's stunning in black crepe satin
with white crepe satin vest, collar
and revers.
Crepe marocain and canton -faille
crepe are also suitable,
HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS.
Write your name and address
plainly, giving number and size of
such patterns as you want. Enclose
20c in stamps or coin (coin prefer-
red; wrap it carefully) for each
number, and address your order to
Wilson Pattern Service, 73 West
Adelaide St., Toronto.
country have been enormously in- Museum Gets
British Guiana Gets Aid . creased, but foreign importers, with Petrified Lizard
To Develop Rice Industry Holland at their.head, do a very great Montreal,—Salamander, or no sale-
Georgetown,
aleGeorgetown, British Guiana The trade with Germany. minders, the Peale River district is
Colonial Development Committee has : going to have its lizards. Scarcely
granted £1,520 (about $7,000), for the Alberta Leads had the claims to antiquity of sala-
purchase of machinery for develop- Ottawa. —Alberta replaced Sas- menders found at Hudson's Hope been
ment of the rice industry, the Govern- officially denied, when a genuine, of
or was informed recently. The money I:achewan as the greatest wheat -pro- petrified, section of an ichthyosarus
will be used to buy a rice mill from
deicing Province of the Dominion this was placed in the hands of Francis
Scotland which will have a capacity year, with a total estimated yield of Kermode, directorof the Provincial
for cleaning 1,500 to 2,000 pounds of 135,000,000 bushels, the report of the Museum, Vancouver,' }3.C. Several
ounces in weight and six inches in
length, the stone fragment reached
Mr. Kermode from a police post at
Hudson's Hope, and is now a fully
accredited exhibit in the museamn.
The house of laughter makes a
house of woe.—Young,
Bureau of Statistics shows. In 1930
the Alberta wheat yield was 132,900,-
000 bushels, Saskatchewan this year
has au estimated yield of 117,000,000
bushels, as compared with the 196,322,-
000
90,322;000 of a year ago. Manitoba shows a
drop from 45,278,000 bushels to an
even 37,000,000 this year.
paddy an hour.
British Guiana supplies rice to near-
by colonies in competition with India.
Increased cultvation will provide em-
ployment for many natives, and it is
even said that rice to a great extent
may take the place of flour, which is
now imported from foreign markets.
difirdEMPPAYOST01.21.19231511,"11
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