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HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1929-01-24, Page 7British Banker year increment of the navy, and it is Coolidge a fair assumption that at the end of Answers oolidge 1'931 the navy will have a . well - Answers balanced fleet and 1,000 aeroplanes; Iwhile at the end of 1932 the army will It is Made Not in Disparage- be iit possession of 1,800 -'planes in proper proportion hs to types," "'For nearly three years before 'we began to fight with the ,Allies the United States,. profited tremendously in a commercial i rad_ industrial sense by the .European War, Immense for- tunes were made, prosperity pervaded OF INTEREST TO ALL ' our land. "Our domestic ,trade was almost past computation, our foreign trade in many lines- epochal. It reached the l mense proportion of $23,462,000,000 of -exports, against $11,831,UU0,000 of imports, . We imported more than $1,000,000,000 in gold from debtor nations.' Gold Reserve 70% Increase "Two indications of increasing wealth in the tatted States may be given. Between 1914 and 1921 the gold reserve of the United States of America—a sum equivalent to 1.50 per ment of America, .But Ow- ing to the Necesity of Put- ting Right Statements Open to Question. The famoils Budget Speech which Pre$ident Coolidge made over a mouth ago in which he criticized Europe and England is still fresh in our minds, It is' of interest to read What a leading British financial auth- ority thinks of Mr. Coolidge's state- ments. The Hon. R. H. Brand,'the Man Who Replies to Mr. Coolidge "Mr. Robert Henry Brand is the Second 'Viscount Hampden. "Mr. Brand is unusually qualified to discover the fallacies of Interne;cent. of the present gold reserve of tional finance. He is a dit'ecta of the Bank of preseEnglaul. Lloyds Bank, of Messrs, Lazards, the Merchant Bankers, and of many other great commercial concerns. "In 1917 he was Deputy Chairman of the British Mission in Washington. He was financial adviser to Lord Robert Cecil when Chairman of the Supreme Econoinie Council at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. Later he was Vice -President of the Interna- tional Financial Conference of the League of Nations of Brussels and was financial representative of South Africa at the Genoa Conference."— Loudon Daily News. * * * * * "Mr. Brand's good faith, fairness and competence cannot be challenged by anyone; and his figures will be accepted as final. Great Britain has no objection to paying her debts, but she is a little restive at being told at the same time that her rich creditor is far more impoverished," says the Daily News, in its leader on the re- markable letter to The Times contrib- uted to Mr. 'Brand in reply to Mr. Coolidge. It will be read with interest on. both sides of the Atlatnic, for there are plenty of people in America who prefer the publication of facts and figures rather than their suppression. Here is the concluding section of Mr. Brand's letter to The Times:— "Mr. Coolidge appears to believe that he can refute the assertion, which, he says, is sometimes made, that the United States made a nroftt out of the War by showing how much the United States Government spent. But the- two things are in no way comparable Payment of interest on debt or of pensions does not represent a loss of national wealth, but a trans- fer from one' pocket to another. If the £350,000,000 of interest we pay every year on the National Debt rep- resented a direct loss of national wealth, we should indeed be in a par- lous way. Richer During the War "It is, in fact, impossible to say whether the United States made a profit or loss out of the War. What is certain is that the American nation became much richer during the War, while all other belligerent nations be- came much poorer. Mr. Carter Glass, the then Secretary of the Treasury, said in April, 1919:— "The expenditure of money by the United States Government on their War preparations, when once they got started, was 4minense, and nothing could have been more formidable than -- the intense vigor thrown into the task. But a full recognition of these facts does not mean that one should accept without some criticism figures and statements so open to question as those of President Coolidge." * * * * * President Coolidge, in his Budget .message to the Senate, referring to national defence, said: --- "Ample provision is made in these estimates for national defence, the es- timates for 1930 calling for $048,511,- 300 for the army and the navy. This amount is reached after excluding from the army and navy estimates all non-military items, so that the figure given is the amount provided .for Motor Show Shows Advances Toronto' First Post -War In- door Motor Show Indicates More Beauty and Faster Cars For New Season The motor car of 1.929---a bit more beautiful, a trifle faster and a shade more dependable `than any previous descendents of the horseless carriage —has just made its .low to the Ontario .public. From`the laboratory and the prov- ing grouud, the :factory and the test highway, have come the year's devel- opments which serve to raise the auto- mobile of the moment to :a peal( slightly higher than it has attained before. In past years the automobile show often has drawn its curtain upon sweeping and drastic changes. This year, it offers a group of refinements to motor cars already engineered to a higher degree of excellence. On of the most unusual mechanical changes disclosed this year is that of a manufacturer who offers the pur- chaser his choice of either a six - cylinder or eight -cylinder in the same chassis. It not a case of having two different models. It is the same car, furnished with either motor the buyer prefers. "Again, the average excess of er- ebanciise exports over imports by the United States between the years 1910-14 was £95,000,000, and between the years 1915-22 £530,000,000. The total net exports during the War period were £4,237,000,000, "Before the War the United States, ie. the words of Mr. Hoover's Depart- ment of Commerce, 'held the record of being the greatest debtor nation in history: Now she is the greatest creditor nation. It is officially esti- mated than in 1914 she owed other cations £ 500,000,000 more than they owed her, but that now her net assets abroad, including Allied War debts, amount to, say £ 4,000,000,000. "it seems indisputable, therefore, that during the War and as a result of the conditions arising out of the 4\rar, and despise any losses, destruc- tion, or waste due to the War, the wealth an dincome of the A ierican people increased very considerably. , "This is said by no meads by 'way of disparagement. I was in Washing- ton for nearly a year daring 1917-18, looking after munitions for the British Government, and had an opportunity to see at first hand the American War effort. I agree with President Cool- idge in thinking it unique. .n Bodies, following the most recent note Of the leading custom designers, show a marked increase in symmetry, This is mainly procttred through the introduction. of the airplane "air-foll" curve of the fenders and the rinsing of the hoods to give more unity of line between bonnet and top. Colors, were gay last year, which "Does Civilization - Need Religion?" France's Strong Mari Halifax Seeks Air Mail Route As Link to U.S. New Corporation Wants Cloy ernment to Sanction Pur-• chase of Fokker Planes Montreal—Thee rapid growth of military and civil aviation in Canada, during 1328 iiae resulted In a project to link Halifax by air mail with Mont- real, and thus to connect with the air lines of the United States. Maritime Airways, Ltd., a corpora tion formed by a group In Halifax, has applied to the Department of Marine and Fisheries for the purchase of dive Fokker planes used iu the recent Hud- son Bay expedition and now stored at the dockyards in Halifax. `If these. ships can be obtained at a reasonable figure, the Halifax group will open negotiations with postal officials for the Halifax air mail line. They propose to suggest to the city of Halifax that it provide an airport which the company will leave for ten years and then buy from the city. If the plan is carried through it will pro- vide an air route to Upper Canada which will connect with nearly all im- portant air mail lines in North America. New planes that will be put into service in the Royal Canadian Air FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTER AT LEAGUE COUNCIL Force this year include thirty-four .Aristides Briaud, at Lugano, departing from Lis hotel to attcud u session light Moth airplanes. Twenty-eight of the council or the League of Nations. of these are land planes for re-equip• • in valve and caul -shaft designs have laborer, of merchant and mechanic— addecl to the power of standard makes all classee pronounced by their inter of motors, est a good motor year for 1929. Ignition, apparently, has also drawn ' attention. of the engineers during the. have not lessened in number, bat it 1 Past Year. The show discloses that is apparent that improvements in the handling of lacquer finishes have given a new softness and richness to ping the Camp Borden station, and the i remainder are seaplanes for the gest- . ov- ernment's flying station at Vancouver. Ali will have metal fuselages ,and will. be equipped with the Handley -Page automatic slot safety device. They will be delivered by March 31 and will cost approximately $200,000. An important change in flying reg- ulations in Canada is the revision of the airplane letter code, according to the Department of National Defense. The Dominion, in common with. other countries, has registered its airciM.'t in conformity with the alphabetical group set aside for exclusive use in Canada according to the international convention to which Canada is a I signatory. Formerly, Canadian planes have !leen designated by five letters, the first two of which, "GC," were an in- dication of nationality, "Great Britain - Canada." The remaining letters in- dicated the identity of the plane and were allotted by the defense depart- ment. The practice in Canada, how. ever, was largely to employ numerals. The code "GC" has been changed to i,-.-• i "F" for Canadian planes. Those ships already bearing "GC" markings will there is a tendency to use larger bat- teries. There is a noticeable trend to- ward the use of smaller spark plugs the exteriors. In even the less expetl• because they are more efficient and sive makes, the combinations of two more easily cooled,. One maker has tones or two different colors indicate adopted metric thread plugs for this artistic as well as technical improve- reason while another has placed two went. • plugs in each cylinder of the motor The host of secondary mechanical to insure better firing of the mixture. improvements, which add length of service, comfort and dependability to the newest motor cars include com- bined air and fluid hydraulic shock absorbers, vacuum controlled chassis "As a prophet and thinker on social matters Mr. Niebuhr'S interest and hope are wider than those of religion alone, and as a religious man his ex- pectations include more than what is merely Christian and 'Western," says a Church, Times (Loudon) reviewer. "It is dear that the world needs more than religion if society is to be put right. It needs hard thinking— the examination of facts and the test- ing of principles; all this means the separate existence and autonomy of the sciences. . "On. the one hand, religion, must be content and, indeed, eager to leave the sciences to be developed for their own sake, believing that they have their own contribution to make to the fulfilment of God's purpose, while re- ligion itself provides an inspiration and a morale attitude. On the other hand, we must face the real risk im- plied in the clash and conflict be- tween the intellectual and critical temper, the scientific point of view, and the temper of devotion, the ideal- ist attitude, proper to religion. They do not easily form a team." Cinemas Urged in Persia To Depict Western Life Religious Opposition Forecast if Cities Adopt Plan Jerusalem—To familiarize the pop- ulation with European customs and habits, the diea has beenput forward in Persia that the municipal author- ities should open cinemas throughout the country to show films depicting the sociological conditions its Western lands. There are .few cinemas in Persia and these apparently do not Purely military purposes. conform to a high level, nor are they "The actual expenditure for 1927 very sue ossfu]. was $5.58,004,447; for 1928 it was In the main, Russian films ere $596,500,896; the estimated expencli- shown, and it can Hardly be said that ture for 1929 is $672,844,288, while the they show conditions in the outer estimated expenditure as distinguish- world as they really are. In all prob- ability, the use -or the cinema for the Purpose now urged will meet with the opposition of the mullahs, the men learned in the religions teachings of the Islamic faith anti xny whom the phonograph no less than the cinema. is regarded as an instrument of Satan Incidentally, one of the effects• -•-and by no means the least ---of the vigor- ous 'measures which the Shah. Is In- troducing is the lessening of tate in- fluence exercised by' these religious authorities. Many New Accessories Accessory exhibits disclose numer- ous devices to add to the comfort and convenience of motoring, together with a wide variety of "gadgets" and lubrication, and new types of air "clingbats" to delight the mechanically cleaners and gasoline filters. inclined automobile owner. Rubber mountings for motors and Radiator caps that look and are al - ball -bearing spring shackles are found most as flat as the engine hood, inter in use on an. increasing range of nal fittings, such as vanity cases, rear - motorcars. Superchargers , designed view mirrors and (:locks, et tetra, are to increase the intake of gasoline be found finished in non -tarnishing yond the normal vacuum of the -motor, chromium. Windshield cleaners, which are found on some of the medium in some cases clear the whole shield priced jobs. and others electrically heated so as to retain them, but new registrations be effective in sleet; jacks for lifting A woman who has swept up a' will be according to the revised code. Driving Control Made Easier the heaviest cars with a finger-tip man's ashes daily for years naturally' There were 333 planes in operation The constant tendency to make touch; heaters operated by hot air objects to cremation ___she's. - in Canada on - or driving "mistake proof" is exemplified in two new devices which confrontthe driver of the new models. One is a finger-tip coutrol system which in- geniously. places the control of the starter, horn and light in the same button atop the steering post. The other is an inter -controlled choke, which when pulled. out for starting au- tomatically sets the throttle at the right position. Increased power is offered both in new models. and fn many of the im- proved designs. In some instances this increase has been attained by the simple expedient of reducing the size Of combustion chambers to provide a hikhert compression ratio. This devel- opment has been made possible by the chemists • who have developed non - detonating fuels, Numerous changes from the engine or by steam gener- ated by exhaust heat and by vapor, are among the new things shown. Vacuum cleaners that remove the last vestige of dust from tufted up- holstery; radiator protecting shutters in which the vanes tare vertical, in keeping with the modern style, are also among the new offerings. There are such novelties and freeze testers that remove doubt regarding the pro- tection afforded by antifreeze mix- tures; shock absorbers for the front seats in two -door coaches; and easily applied equipment that permits quick adjustment of the seats, forward and backward. - AIl tine leading makes were repre- sented and the interest in modern motor transportation was evidenced by the rubbing of elbows of lady and widow." ing to the Department of National De- -- tense as compared to 101 a year be - Help the Farmer fore. Of these, 248 are used in com- Londou Daily (Tail (Ind. Cons.): mercial operations and eighty-seven are in the government service. We are the last to suggest subsidies, Licenses are held by 190 conxmercial but in the present state of plough- phots, ps, whereas there were only forty land farming, with the risk of land such pilots at the beginning of last going more and more out of arable year cultivation and coming down to Airpanes are used in Canada fox grass, there is a strong case for a prospecting and exploration iu the un - beaus for land under wheat or other developed regions in the North ,as cereals. Such a bonus formed part of well as for air mail and passenger the legislation introduced after the service. They were found helpful in war, when the risk to the nation's the work of constructing the Hudson . food supply of complete dependence Bay Railway and in weather observa- on foreign imports was still fresh in tion work in the Hudson Straits, and the minds of all, also have been employed for forestry tea__ patrol and grain dusting. The euro for prohibition is temperance, ed from the appropriation estimates is $648,277,712 for 1930. "In submitting the annual Budget for 1926 the Chief Executive stated that the amount carried in that budget for national defence was ,$549,000,000, an !Rifat in his opinion the United States could Have adequate national defence with s, more modest outlay. \;'Nevertheless," he continues, "our defence estimates have steadily climb- ed -until the cash requirements have advanced for 1030 by approximately $100,000,000 more than was estimated for 1926, This increase, however, 1 more apparent than real, for in these Prior ,days the defence estabiislrmeets have: had use of su.rphis supplies left over trent the Wax'. As these reserves have become depleted it. h:at become necessary to incra,se. the cash provi- sion to take their place. 2,800 Aeroplanes by 1932 Farmers in Congo Train Elephants for Plowing Work of. Pachylerrs Called Equal to That of Three Horses Ue11e Province, Belgian Congo.--- 1)omsticated elephants for tlse on farms lutve been dee*eloped hero after tiventy years of patient',. research and ilii interests of the t overninent . practical experience. arc developing in a melt sat.isfiv'toly (:L'. pocial training schools lava been ma,nuc't•, The demands of this selwlce, , estaitlisbed itt the Uolle Province of while, large, have boon adequately � Belgian Congo, and the animals are met. Tho Aveyear programme for, !tired Out to ranchers and lumber mime the army Fid navy le approaching ,ohan s, 'rho work of a trained oleo convoletio11, Proviuion 111 made in phalli; is equal to that of eight to filen, cettiTie es fm' the t'.hirdeyear fn• twolvo oxen Or throe tome of the Bron ent nC Y,ll �tllly grid l<ils fetiri-:1e boatflu opotm ram Rodes, A Ship That Tried to Go Overland more Reform of the Lords London Evening Standard (Ind. Cons.): We have been lucky so long to avoid the ill consequences of hav- ing virtually to Second Chamber at all, but there is no serious thinker in the country who will claim that we tau expect to do so forever. The barrier opposed by the House of Lords to precipitous legislation is so feeble as to he almost worthless, and it is not difficult to imagine what might result from a labor Government almost entirely unrepresented in ilia Upper linuse. N ,i tientnCAN. S'IntAMSHIP AGROUND OFF 1RELANb 11011 g haltered 10 ;or: i the \'' est '.1'°lauit. 'ihit•li went around o11 rocks in relaixd'within a sl.oue's throw- front ashore. Ball; 'holm0, h:ty, an "Now -a -days the i>iratee v.ic,i 1i1.1 1110 empty coffers operate in (flog -stores vol on the high seas." Work cul il'0 comitrectlolk of It use $5,000,000' hotel Which Is nein!'; te eet- 1 od b;.- the Canadian National Rail - 'Ways has' begun at Vancouver, 11.C, i '1°11e Dow atrueture - when , complc'ied lit 1981 will be 15 stores.', in hte;wict `and will Have 090 room.