HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1929-01-17, Page 3League's Part In Stopping War
In South America ica Told by Briand
Acceptance' of hs Advise by Bolivia and Paraguay Re.
enforces'Its Prestige,
Csenevtt ---Aristide :friantl's letter to
menbereef the Council of Me League
explaining the steps which he took
Be its acting: presides t in the l3olivian-
3.'arag'uanyan dispute , reveals how
closely .M. Behind on alis return to
Tarts kept in touch with this respec-
tive Governnienlsof the United States,
the ;Argentine and tlie Latin-Amerle n
inenbers of the Council in order to
co-ordinate the efforts . of all parties
who were working for peace.
From this it may be: assumed that
It -the crisis had not been settled, the
Counts] of the League would have ap-
pealed to the United States and to tile.
South American states who are Mem-
here of the League, to isolate the cell -
filet by severing financial and eco-
rioiuic relations with the quarreling
states. For they would have broken
not only the Covenant of the League,
but their moral obligations to ie-
nounee war under the Kellogg Pact,.
for the signing of this treaty, whioh
conveys the intention to ratify, un-
doubtedly implies a moral obligation
to observe
Effect of Kellogg Pact
- Without pushing the argument too
far, it is felt here that since the
Council's efforts to preserve peace
had throughout the approval of the
United States, states which breast the
Kellogg Pact, even at the present
stage, may expect to find themselves
up. against joint pressure by tae
League and the 'United States fol' tlae'
prevention o£ war,
The Bolivla Paraguay incident,
ther'e'fore, is regarded as. affording
additional reason for early ratifieat'iou
of the :Kellogg Pact bye all concerned;
for 'if the pact has moral signiilcar,r2e
in - tate•. present cireinnsth we, how
lunch more weight would If 1a. ve after
ratiftoation!
States: Recognize' League's Authority.
It Is interesting to note that all
through the exeiaange of, notes tire.
Latin-American states recognized the
authority of the .League and their .ob-
ligation under the Covenant. M.
Briand, while recognizing the part the
United States and the Latin-Arerleazt
states played, is naturally proud of
the fact that Bolivia and Paraguay
,should say that it Was in accordance
with suggestions from the Council
that they had recourse to the ai'bit•a-
tion'of the Pan-American Conference,
Ile is naturally anxious to make it
plain that it was not only the gener-
ous action of the Pan-American Con-
ference that prevented war, bet that
the League must • be given its full
share of credit in the matter.
Congratulatory telegrams sent to
M. Briaud include messages froth
Guatemala, Costa Rica, Uruguay, Reel
Mexico, Costa Rica speaks of the
prompt, efficient action of the League,
while `Uruguay r.11ucles in glowing
terms to the lofty part played by The
League and the prestige which the
Council gained troll', the prevention of
war.
Kabul Air 'Exploit
Stirs British Pride
Plane Rescues of Foreigners
May Averted Cost-
ly
Have
st
War, Military Ex-
- perts Say
RULER ACTIVE
London. --The exploit of those mod-
ern Paladins, the fitting officers in the
Royal Air Force, who rescued the for-
eig:a residents in Kabul from the
perils of the civil war raging there
over Amanullah's impetuous reforms,
has stirred British pride during the
week just past. More than that, ac-
cording to the military authorities, it
heti probably prevented a troublesome
border war, which would have been
uoetly- to Britain in money and lives.
in day's not long gone the Empire
would have needed to seed a strong'
expeditionary- force north from India
to preeect hernationals in, Afghanis -
ten. 'Two divisions, it is/ estimated
here, would have been the smallest
l'ul•ee capable of doing the job, for the
military authorities say the border
tribe near the Khyber Pass would un-
doubtedly have risen against invaders
falling on their rear ---a line of com-
rininication strongly held. It would
have meant hong, hard fighting, with
the safety of those women and chil-
dren in the legations in Kabul always
a Matter of doubt.
Thus, the advance in aeronauttcs
has cut the Empire's risks of border
wars iu the unsettled Orient and Near
Bast, Troop -carrying planes are be-
ing added'in numbers to the small air
foree stations in Iraq and Egypt. The
days when Chinese Gordon waited
vainly and valiantly in Khartoum for
relief which arrived too late are gone.
Never again well a small outpost of
British civilization, like that of Luck -
now (airing the Sepoy rebellion, en-
dure.an agonizing siege till the sound
of bagpipes tells it the lighting; High-
landers have arrived at last.
Britain's flying knights brought
French, German and Italian women
safele from Kabul to Peshawur, there -
lay writing,a fair paragraph in the cur-
rent history of European reconcilia-
tion, The Italian Clrarg d'Affaires in
London galled at the Foreign Office
to express his natiou'a appreciation
of England's aid,
Amanuitah Busy
Reliable infornuCiion fromAfghanis-
tan that Amanuitah, partly by repuls-
ing an attack made by the. rebel
Bachat Saga() upon Kabul, partly by a
series of concessions to Mulhainma-
dan feeling, has for the time being res
gained at least much of his old ascen-
daatcy. These concessions are - vari-
otusly reported.
They are understood definitely to
include such steps to orthodoxy as the
closing of girls' schools in Kabul, also
reversion to the observation of Friday
Instead of ,'Thursday as the oMetal
Sabbath, and, the ioriiatton of a coun-
cil on which the mullahs (Mulleam-
meelan priests). as well as . alders
(hereditary ueblos) and maliks (tribal
chiefs) are to sit. Th,e buying off ch
some of the power£ulShtuwarl tlihes-
lnen who have been in revolt. in T:ast-
ern. Afi;haotstoa since November is.
.
also reported, lint the information in
this case appears tai be less depend-
able.
What is regarded as certain, how-
eye'1", is that corna)luilteatieln both 1)y
toast and telegraph hetween. Kabul and
Kendal= has been completely. re -
Stored, and the raising Of, ono• Ulan in
eight to service as levies to going on
over -the area with a view to strength-
eufui-; the forces with which the King'
hope: to tense the field against the
;;mittvearis iu the eyeing when the,
en0Vr matte %1u P:.5t.N Ctttt)liiifat14 hewed
also possibly at an earlier date
against Bachai Sagao, who still Bolds
his position 20 miles north of Kabul.
Little importance is attached here
to the story'from :India' of the disap-
hpearance from Allahabacl, where ler
many years he has been a refugee, of
Omar Khan, Afghan representative of
the royal family of Ayub Khan, who
was defeated by Anianulah's grand-
father in 1881. This family, though
once exceedingly influential as claim-
ants to the Kabnl throne, has now
been so iong exiled that it has lost
much'of its prestige.
Aniaaaillah's problem is thus nearer
home, and despite the optimistic com-
muniques clang issued from the Af-
ghan Legation here is not considered
in informed circles by any means yet
solved.
Afghan Mullahs
Now Negotiating
With Amanullah
Move Considered' Important in
Effort to Restore Peace
With Tribes
London. --Refugees from Afghan-
istan continue to reach India in Brit-
ish troop caeriem airplanes which have
been able, despite four inches of snow,
to land and d t' 1
,i ae oft in Kabul air-
drome, where they have been cordially
assisted by the Royal Afghan Air
Force.
About 80 women and children in all
so fax have arrived, including the
Italian Minister's wife and the famil-
ies of Indian, Persian and German
businessmen, who themselves are re-
maining at their posts.
Kabul itself is now quiet and Aman-
tllah is reported to have opened ne,,
gotiations with recalcitrant mullahs
(Muhammadan religions teachers)
who regard social reforms as inter-
fering with their own traditional
authority. This is considered here as
an important move, as the mullahs
are still the plain political force am
ong the tribesmen -in revolt.
Year Opens
With Bad Storms
Freezing Temperatures Tak-
ing Toll of Life in South
Europe
Paris -Winter storms and £reezing
temperature spread death and1image
through France, Italy and in the Medi-
tereenean recently and the death toll
was high,
It was feared that more than 70,
perscies might have met death in the.
regions affedted by the gales and bliz-
zards that continued to spread cle-
struction after more 'than 24 hours of
unabated :force.
Shipping suffered severely along
the Frenelt Channel a.nd.141editerran-
ean coasts and communications and
ti•ansportation were hard hit.
Five deaths oceurred in Frtiree.
Snowconiirnied to, fall in many sec-,
tions:
A tweet from `3loilrid seta the
steamship. MalektiIf foundered oft
Mahlon, Minolta Island, and that 27
of the vessel's crew were lost.
Italy was still swept by severe
stems and southern rivers were overh
flowing their banks in many places
and the .Tiber was showing a steady
rise fll ]:zonae.
"Confound it!" erierl a paseenger
who had been ,.tumbled ,to the pave-
ment by a motor -bus. "Can't you tvnit AEiANboNEta TO HER PATE till ]: got Mf?" "Huh!" returned the a > � s TpYl waiting :i D'•� the •:iei'a.�! t't� t1:?
" ,'. e u Lotic' 5'Utinc'1 i� twit wetc'.hiug at Roc'heJ Paint, C„all.ttnetowe.- hes ,
cntulucta)r, "It you ain't oil' none you
ttivca will bee'° w tieu.ee should the liner Ccrltie break 114.,
•
1...ht
•
Serious Business For Many Nations
are Casting job
F
For
rya .,. Engines
r ..fY. o.t t,r5 1'�:., �is$.�..��i%�.... w �.,!?•; �.,. ... _. <6 ... "4!A 1I 9
Work involves Handling of
50,000 Pounds in Cast
, Steel
Kingston, Ont—The largest 0aarted
ing job in the world will be handled
shortly when the framework for the
first of the live new Canadian Nation-
a1.Raiiway's passenger and freight
locomotives will come frons the shopss.,
These loeoniotives will be made. at th;e
talent of the Canadian' Locomotive
works at Kingston, and will be the
last of an order .of 80 locomotives of
various types. whieh that company is
building for the National system.
The order for 30' lercotnotivss
made up of 10 switch engines of the
8350 type, 15 steam engines of the
4300 type, and five engines of the
Northern type, which have heen spe-
cially designed by Canadian National
engineers and have the additional ad
vantage of being convertible for both
fast passenger and freight traffic. It
is in casting the frame, cradle, eross-
ties anti cylinders that a new leper-
`'� '� '" tare is being made in the industrial
works, arid one which industrial en -
ENGLAND'S FOREIGN MINISTER IN UNUSUAL POSE gineers believe will revolutionize not
Sir Austen Chamberlain vigorously debating a point with Heel.. Stresemann, 1i. hiriand and others during the only foundry equipment but also its
League of Natloud' meetings at Lugano, Switzerland. !allied industries.
The casting job is one whieh
Ivolves the handling of approximately
Icludes the entire main and fundamene.
For ecreation on j tal structure of one of the titanic
steam engines of today, which, with
Australian Farms I tender, has a length of more than 02
feet and carries a weight of not less
New Zealander Gives Son than `'o tong._
Classical Education for
Pact With States
On Niagara Has
Historic Interest
Treaty Increasing Water Pow-
er is First Signed by Uni-
ted States Minister
Ottawa—A. treaty permitting the in-
creased diversion of cater frons Nia-
gara Falls for power development
puroses and for the building of ex-
tensive remedial works for the pres-
ervationof thesceuicbeauty f 'he
sel , o the
falls, has been signed by --qtr. L. Mac-
kenzie King, Canadian Prime hilrris-
ter, and William Phillips, United
States Minister to Canada. •
As recommended by the Interna-
tioi aleNiagara Board, the amount of
water allowed by the boundary
water treaty of 1905, namely, 36,000
cubic: feet per second for Canada and
20,000 for the United States, is in-
creased for both countries by 10,000
cubic feet per second.
At the same time excavations and
submerged weirs will divert some of
the water front the deep channel to
the bared flanks of the Horse Shoe
Falls and the Croat Island Shelf and
i)rs,ure an unbroken; crest line from
shore to shore at all seasons. .The
cost of the remedial work is esti-
mated at $300,000 for Canada and
$1,450,000 for the United States, with
approximately $1,000,000 of this lat-
ter ,amount recruired for the Chip-
pewa Grass Island pool changes.
Particular interest attaches to this
treaty as it is the first signed per-
sonally by the Prime Minister on be'
half of the Canadian and British Gov-
ernments and the first signed by Mr.
Phillips since the appointment of a
United States :Minister to Ottawa.
Colonel Lawrence
Ordered Arrested
By Afghan Leaders
"`Arch Spy of World" Seen
Behind. Revolt Against
Kabul
PRETENDER ESCAPES
A1lahabad. India.—Afghan author -,
have ordered the arrest of Col,
Thomas E. Lawrence, famous .British
adventurer and army officer, on the
belief that he bas been assisting
rebels in the present uprising to cross
the frontier, according to advices re-
ecived,here.
- Lawrence, known as "Lawrence of
Arabia," because of his wartime ad-
ventures in the struggle to drive the
. Turks and Germans put of that pen-
, insula, was described as "the arch
spy of the world."
i Photographs, supposed to be of
.Lawrence, were distributed among
Afghan army commanders.
L. It was reported from Delhi that
rumors were current concerning plans
for a fresh assault an Kabul, capital
of Afghanistan, whieh was success -
.fully defended recently by govern-
Hoont troops when inser;'ents attack-
ed. The rebel tribesmen revolted
,'l
aga
awinst Icing Amanullah's reform
s.
The brigand loader; Bachhakao, was
said to be collecting a fresh force of.
insurgents for a march on Kabul. The
insurgents were reported better arm-
ed than the government troops.
TELEGRAPH LINE CUT
Apparently- the situation had taken
t 1.en
a serious turn, The Quetta telegraph
Bile had been cut and only wireless
communication with Kabul remained.
The escape of Mohammed Omar
Khan, tespirant for the throne of
Afghanistan, from Allahabad added
to the complexity of the situation.
Omar Khan had been retained here by
British authorities.
Virulent Cholera
Epidemic Raging
Half of Population of Travan-
core State, India, Have
r
Peished
Boailba.y—A virulent cholera epide-
mic is raging in Travancore state, and
562 death occurred during the last
week in December.
In many families, alt the adult mem-
bers were stricken, leaving the chil-
dren destitute.
During the past four months, 7,880
have died'frons the disease among 14, •
000 who were sticken..
1z lnberlain
Sir Austen Chamberlain
"Trevor" in the Fortnightly Review
(London): Since the Locarno Treaty
no longer considers himself a plodding,-
diplousat, but a Bismarck impatient
Of advice, This attitude is encour-
aged by the French, who are able to
inspire him with their own policy,
knowing well twat. his obstinacy will
he has given the impression that he
prevent •h`in from weakening.
Canon tells of a lady who
Classics Urged o0 000 pounds of cast steel and in -
"Good 'Company" ►+ Revived
Perth, Aust. ----Prof. R. S. C`onciray,1 ji, opic s
president of the Classical Association 1
of Great Britain and Hulme professorf
of Latin in the Victoria University, i Chances of Anglo-French Uri -
Manchester, Eng., has been advacat- dertaking Seem Brighter
ing very strongly the teaching of
Latin in the higher schools through-
out Australasia,
Professor Conway says that when
he was in New Zealand a prosperous
farmer said to him: "I have givers
my sen a sound classical education..
He intends to become a farmer, and
as for the greater part of each day
he will be alone I want him to be in
good company. He deplores the fact
that. In two of the big public schools
in victoria Latin is not taught at all,
Great attention was being given
there to the teaching of French,.
which was of very little nee In Aus-
tralia.
"Nothing but the etude, of a dead
language can," Ile declares, "free the
modern child from the slavery to mere
tunas and formulas. Many French
'golds may be learned wits mut the
child's ever • having the slightest
knowledge of the things for which
the words stand, and the bathed state
Of -ignorance thus occasioned often re-
mains for a lifetime, French is only
of very occasional use to the average
man whereas Latin is of vital eou-
sequence to him every hour of the day
because three-quarters of the English
tongue has been derived from the
Latin."
The growth of classical studies in
England during the last half -century
was, he added, amazing. Where as iu
1S80 there was only one Engiish peri-
odical devoted to classics and clas-
sical research, to -day there were six
journals of that character.
Channel Tunnel
London.—The prospects for a tun-
nel under the English Channel were
considerably brightened by the
a adherence to the idea of such pr.m-
inent men as Lord Sydenham, Barest
d'Erlanger and Sir William Bull..
Lord Sydenham states that he intends
strengthening the forthcoming actinn.
in the Commons by endeavoring to get
i the Lords to discuss the matter also,
f and he bases his advocacy of the pre -
i posed tanned on the argument that
i the I,ocarno and Kellogg pact:: in
i existence, some faith should 1'e shown
in them despite the advice of military
experts.
Moreover, as a fortifications cxpert,
;he declares it would be a simple ntat-
ter to blow up the tunnel in the event
of a threatened invasion fat n. the
continent of Europe.
Baron d'Erlanger looks to benefit
the Ferro -concrete and steel trades.
while Sir William Bull thinks "there
has never been so good a psschoi,:xr-
ival opportunity as the present one."
Each of the three men estimates
that the cost of constructing the tun-
nel would be in the neighborhood of
$l50,000,000 and that the gigansie
task would take from four to eig.
years, employing at least 4,000 men.
, Coincident with this agitation, the
Tcllingien
asked one of her domestics, after the
latter had returned ed Econ char • s
t ch, what
the preacher had said. "Well, ma'am,"
was the reply, "1 can't tell yon all he
said, but he did say that hell is not
what it used to be."
"Cornet players," says a prominent
phystitan, "are seldom affected hY
lung troubles," ',1-e feel confident,
however, that there is some special
punishment reserved for then else -
s here.
' a telegram front General Rondon, whit.
At Mercy of Seas
Southern Railway announces it wilt
reduce in the spring the time of the
Dover -Calais crossing by 30 minute.
New Value to
Brazil's Wastes
Explorer Finds Vast Plains of
Rich Land d on the Border
of Brazil and Dutch
Guiana
Sao Paulo. --General Candido Rondon
Ines penetrated into the uneYploeati
region of Northern Brazil along the
Dutch Guiana border.
The Federal Secretary of Agricul-
ture in Ilio de Janiero has received*
.14
1, :? i An c 'i i,tgst
s:'sr tut ,':sty"
'states that he has "reached the frsn-
srich pasturage. These plains oci' py
almost all of the northern plateau
perhaps exceeding 15,000 square
rtl i li.`:S,
Generat Caudillo Rondon is at pres-
ent on his second trip of exploratkai
to the comparatively unknown north.
ern frontier of Brazil. He has a,
party with him, including a motion
picture photographer. It is reported
that one aim of his work is to survey
this seetion of Brazil's boundary. It
haeiebeen stated that his survey is
purely a teehnieal undertaking, as
there are no disputes between Itrasit
and her northern neighbors,
The leader of this work, General
Rondon, is the Brazilian army °Moir
who was chosen to accompany Tac o--
c?ore Raosc'velt ga a guide, when ;.he
latter shade his veha,.re down the
River of Iroubt.
The King's Recovery
v sv York Times: ']'his sal•oiora
"Sahal. I' ese has struggled rl against
od'ls hack to life, hetet to it+s Own
p :.tile.. wli,r, though they lir. :as +lid
tai Phuoniclan>i "1n ton tvo.-h ea£ the
ti1',1t,'s." "tat+.^. ioat el'ixiost of mon," an,
as 'h,`y. vory "tltr.il' ao itxo ytltln" lints,
11 11r iarialltiiy t.t bias's up tips pillar; fits
tai+a ''sxttb. Isis progypss irw'cil'vt ,- +gra•
1114.!1,0 'o. t)1't'l . has inailo as ll i ti7it'C
t laii.iimns 001 only 1'or lits own
]int for all 111.1 w 1ici, atxl wa''vu'rts•
tli,ii 'i.' ma'' t';oinN te': i.ir. 14
tier and has discovered vast platen; •1i