Zurich Herald, 1928-11-22, Page 3The Big Problem of British. Emigrant
England's Former Premier, J. Ramsay MacDonald, Finds
That There is a Need in the Dominion of Canada
for Men Who Have the Pioneer Spirit
MUST HOLD TRADITIONS
By J•: RAMSAY MacDONALD Ex -Prime Minister of England
The shipment of 8,500 unemployed , What else den we expect? We
British miners for hervesting work in aave left the supremely important
Canada has advertised once again the question of the development of the
question of emigratiori from the land of Canada to private enterprise
mother country to the Dominions, and the emigration agent Who lives
,And yet, by considering emigration upon commissions. If we dip a net hi
as a cure for unemployment, a great any peasant community in Europe
--
disservice is done to the movement Slav, Latin or anything else—we draw
for supplying the Dominions with an it up full of potential settlers, but that
adequate population, not only to use is not true of our own people. Pri-
their natural wealth but to root them vete enterprise always takes the line
as nations in British civic traditions. of immediate' gains and damns the
The latter aim is as important as consequence. Yet, with a little trouble
the former, for if the waste spaces In on the part of the Canadian Govern -
the Dominions are filled by people ment and our own, much could be
who as citizens know nothing of our dofie to open up the land to British
democratic traditions, and feel no link settlers!, who (and this camera be
with us, the future of the British Com- emphaed too much) need not be
monwealth of Nations will not be very peasants to begin with.
I have just returned from Canada, A Private Enterprise
clear.
where I have had opportunities both Only a week or two ago in the Prov -
by convereation and observation of ince of Manitoba, I walked over two
-
coming to close grips with the prob- quarter -block farms (160 acres) With-
• lem as it is experienced in that prom- in about a mile of each other. One
ising land. One oft -repeated misun-
derstanding ought to be put to rest at
once. It is not true that British
• settlers are not welcomed in Canada.
Some British settlers, however, are
awkward customers to deal with.
A foreigner goes in a docile frame
of mind. He is notat home and he
knows it, and, therefore, he troubles
about nothing but to make a living.
If he is a peasant and goes upon the ;1924. That morning I also saw farms
land he thinks of nothing but culti-1being successfully cultivated by men
who had been steel -smelters up to
three years ago./ All that is required'
is the will and the ability to work and
the capacity to adapt oneself to Cana-
dian conditions.
The rule as regards English em -
grants, however, Is that they try to Those sunny settlements which I
saw all along the thousands of miles
with them and are not so ready to of -Canadian railways,
MW:
Grabbing on ,The Fiy
•
Millions of Worlds to Be Added
to Known List by New Telescope
Giant Reflector for California Mountain Top WW Quadruple.
Power of World's Greatest Instrument—Will Permit
Vi*eW of "Titanic Experiments"
Pasadena, Celia—The largest tele- Miclielsop. stellar Interferottleter
slope In the world, planned to pro -1 watch nieessures the diameter ot
via, four timea• the power of the stars' ,
great Hooker teleecope on Mt. Wild By ulaalls of this 4uxidar7 145
hoped to measure the binary stars,
son, is to be erected on a California ' which are two suns revolving about
mountain top not yet designated. leach other. If this information
The California Institute of Teal- obtainable, astronomers said, men
nology has announced that funds may be in a fair way to discover
have been made available for its con' how such worlds are formed.
struction and that work on the 200 -
inch reflector with which it will be
equipped will begin within a few
moTnhtehstelescope and a laboratory are
a gift to the institute trom the Inter-
national Education Board, with head-
• .quarters at New York, the arnount of
PLANES CAN PICK UP THE MAIL WHILE FLYING
A cable from the plane trails into this new device on the ground that money Involved was not disclosed,
esembles a shoe with the to removed, and catches the mail bag, which is but it would of necessity be larger
wound up as the airman keeps on his way.
depleted of the skill and virility which •
it requires for the tramigrating come! Customs Seizure
try satisfactory human material and
it would also reduce failures to the
smallest proportion. It is a grave ye-
a Kent farm, the other by a Scottish flection upon our Governments t
hnt
was worked by a family drawn from
they are beginning to get to close
miner. An agricultural expert was
grips with this question of such great
clearly making good; neither would importance to individuals and to im-
with me. Both families were quite
think of moving back
gone in more for stock than the other,
ful cultivator. Both had gone out un- Canadian Horse
but the miner was the more resource-
perial development.
again.One had
der the family emigration scheme of Make Good Sh
Teton, He is up with the sun and
goes to bed -when he- can labor no
more that day. If he is in industry,
he gives no trouble, that is the rule.
take their home ways am f3 a
it was quite
only by the most
•adapt themselves to Canadian condi- Plain, were made
Even These Can Crash
OW
Continue to Annex Ribbons
at Exhibition in New
York
New York, N.Y.—Canadian entries
continued to show well as the second dispersed whatever one thinks of e
day of the National Horse Show pao- I temperance question. We don't want
gressed at Madison Square Gardens,, them in Canada and the sooner they
James Franceschini, of Toronto, who I are put out of business the better.
took a third in the pony class, Port Hope.—The lIncus, said to be
gaining his first blue ribbon in i the speediest rinu-runner in operation
the novice single harness horses with on the Great Lakes, has been seized
his bay gelding, "Sensation." "Red by customs officials and is lying in
iStar," a chestnut gelding, shown by harbor here. The Tancus, which has
the 'Uplands Farm, Roche Point, Ont., been running out of Port Hope harbor
' took eeconcl place in the ladies' Emil- I for the last six mouths, cleared for
fied hunters' side-saddle class. Ber- the 'United States over the week -end
nerd F. Gimbeas "Welcome" took the and returned to Port Hope Sunday.
blue ribbon after both "Welcome" and , The crew failed to report the return
"Red Star" had sailed over the hurdles to the local customs authorities, as
with a grace aucl ease that won the they are required to do under cus-
plaudits of the spectaters. I toms regulations. Ja 0. Leblanc, spe-
Mr. Franceschini's "First Edition" , alai enforcement officer at Cobourg,
was second in single ponies .iu' har- made the seizure and seals have been
nese," which was won by George J., placed upon the boat prohibiting its
Peak's "The Minister." I use.
Spectators were treated to a double . Officer Leblanc said to -night that
Clean in 'the i first event of the the seizure had been repotted to the
day, in walcha more horses aartica Customs Department, but -no action
pated than in any single event be- has been taken to date. The name of
fore. One rider was badly thrown and the owner of the Uncus is not kno-wfl
the victor of the feature was the to the officials, although several mem-
United States Army Horse Show team bers of the crew reside here. The
entry, Buckaroo, the outstanding win- Uncus is a 50 -foot converted subma-
ner of this year's show thus far. rine chaser and is capable of 45 miles
Canada Came Second per hour. Constructed of quarter-incb.
The United States and Canada were steel plate, the boat is fully protected
first and. second respectively in the against machine-gun and rifle fire,
Westchester Challenge Cup interne- even to the employment of bullet-proof
tional event. The horses of the North glass in the cabin windows. It was
American contingent far outdistanced built in. Reple and used during the
the crack European jumpers over the Great War in the Baltic by the Rus -
difficult Olympic course A. The win- sian navy. Runarunners who have
ning teams were: operated a fleet of boats, including
United States Army—Miss America, two racing launches, out of Port Hope
Lieut. E. Y. Argo; Dick Waring, Major harbor during the summer, claim that
Chamberlain; Joe Aleshire, Capt. W. they will continue operations through -
B. Bradford. out the winter months despite adverse
.Canada—Lucifer, Major R. S. Tim- weather conditions. Larger boats of
mis; Uplands, Captain. Stewart Bate;
Montreal, CaptainL.7_. L. Hammond.
BASEBALL LINGO
Shows Conditions
Rum Runner Taken at Port
Hope Indicate Lawless
-
nese of the Bootleg
Fraternity
WILL GOVERNMENT ACT
With Minister Euler meeting Ad- telescope.
ministrator Drayton to discuss liquor The 200 -inch reflector will double
exports, the following news article in • the size and quadruple the power of
II d Empire comes at vital , the Hooker telescope. Another in -
than that required tq build the
Hooker telescope, which cost $600,-
000..
Millions of Light Years
It ex ec
ted that the new instru-
ment will penetrate millions of light
To Show "Titanic Experimente"
The announcement declares the
new telescope "should solve many
problems of physics or clemistry
that depend upon the enormous
masses or temperatures, or upon the
immense density or extreme tenuity
exhibited by celestial bodies in which
experiments exceeding the capacity
of any terrestrial laboratory are 0031-
stantly in progress."
The reflector will be of fused
quartz, a substance that expands and
contracts less than glass in changes
of temperature, and which therefore
preserves
a more perfect su .
years into space, bringing under ola!
servatiqn hundreds of millions of
w unseen stars and nebulae and'
opening a vast unexplored field of
astronomical knowledge, besides
bringing much nearer objects now;
visible with telescopes. Approxi-;
mately 1,500,000,000 stellar objects
are within the range of the Hooker
the Mali and
'face In
polishing, a 200 -inch glass could be
ground but 10 minutes a day because
of beating, while the fused quartz
can be ground cant nuous Y.
The General Electric Company has
undertaken to build the great reflec-
tor under the direction of Dr. Elihu
Thomson, one of the company's
founders, and A. L. Ellis, research
en ineer Among those co-operating
are Dr. Robert A. Milliken, Prof. A.
A. Michelson and. Ambrose Swasey,
who have promised assistance in
n ineering and instrumental design
time. Canada has reason to be proud . portant feature contemplated • for e g
of her law enforcement and our lake immense instrument is a 40 -foot and construction.
Britain Holds Air Leadership
ports should be cleared of the unde-
sirable riff-raff that are known as ruml
runners. Such characters are better
BLIMP CAME DOWN A BIT "TOO HARD AND BUMPED
The U.S. navy blimp, J-3, returning to Lakehurst after it had been in train-
ing flight, came down in this fashion, tearing the fabric of the envelope and
breaking the framework No one was injured.
tions. So long as there is no sysle-
made attempt to study the problem
of migration, this crude scramble of
the' survival of the most adaptable
will continue and British migration
will not come well out of it.
Until we ,have done everything in
our power to develop -and organize
our only sources, especially our land,
we can have no real surplus popula-
tion which it would be a benefit to the
nation to send across the seas. In
special trades, we may have such sur-
pluses, as we have in coal mining at
present, but in other trades we are
under rather than over stocked, and
every man or woman with vital energy
and skill who leaves us is a loss to
us. Unregulated emigration tends to
lower the efficiency and the power of
a nation Eke ours,• which ought to
severe labor, and the heaviest burden
lies on the backs of.the women. Their
time at first is one of constant
drudgery and heartbreaking hardship.
In winter the cold and the loneliness
try the firmest nerves; iu summer
the household and formwork is ter-
ribly heavy. So a large proportion of
the failures is due to ethe fact that
the women have found the life too
hard.
That need not deter any wife of the
stout heart and physical strength from
going out. Some of the cheeriest
women I have met for a long time
had gone through the hard first year
or two of the settlers' life and were
reaping the 'reward of their endur-
ance. One portly body who wrung
my hand with pain -giving heartiness
told me she came from Barking three
offer almost unlimited openings for years ago, and, after a racking time
men who have brains and are not
afraid to use them. The only Cure
for unemployment is the deaelcipmett
of efficiency conducted trade.
Therefore it is that, though, for the
Moment; it would be convenient if our
unemployed registers were halved in
halt by our finding work in the Do-
iniaions for 200,900 mineas, we ought
never to forget that the true, far-see-
ing purpose of emigration is to
strengthen the Dominions themselves.
I found that doctrine universally ac-
cepted in Canada. Canada is Only too
anxious to help us to overcome our
immediate diffifficulties—but upon con-
ditions. It is not, for instance, to
agree to repeat the crude experiment
of miners as harvesters, thoUgh in the
end what has been done will benefit
the greater • part of the man who
have gone out, for' Canada _ be
able to a,ssiMilate them'
. What Canada primarily wants is
tamales who will pettle on the land,
I emphasize families because I also
emphasize settlement, The land is
not all good, and little of it as a
garden. Some has been let down,
wine is under forest, scene sodden
With alkali. Labor, however, can SO -
due and sweeten it, though the. labor
will make the bones ache and, brow
and back sweat, )3ecause that is what
Canada needs its doors are open to
• the peasantry of the North and Centre
of Europe, he emigrant part ot the
• ship in Which I crossed over was full
, of them, and so far' as I eatiMttact
00
theta was not a 0011' am rant
• among them.
of home -sickness and discouragement,
had found her feet and now "would
not go back foe anything."
A Scottish artisart's wife who had
also been out for three years beamed
like a sunny noonday in her kitchen.
She also had had "the horrors," but
now she said "this is a grand place.
It's so good for the bairns; 'there's
something to look forward to here."
It is those first years of. crusting
trial that are the testing and sifting
time, and no woman should go to
bee
and
told df them
Canada who as not
and who is not prepared to brave
them.
So the conclusions one comes to
are simple and straightforward. The
man of pioneering spirit who is at-
tracted by a new and vigorous country
can be left pretty much to himself,
though he should be protected `against
the false aluurements too often put
before him by interested emigration.
agents. But in the planned work of
nation -building Governments must
play the leading -parts because it has
to he done by settlement upon the
land. Emigration for settlement should
be ba- family and as =eh as possible
by •conaimunity, although not le the
Wholesale way of the original M-
atsu Settlement on the Red River.
The land should be selected and the
forMS equipped. For the first years
the Settlers should, be , advised and
looked after; should bo guarded ae-aweaa.
a Polley, if under the responsible eon- LIFE' ,„–, a 0
against all fornati of swindling. Satoh
trot GoVernments, would protect The L:fe Caw d .3 (in frons laving t.
the elnigrating einintry from being Castle to Regents Park Barracks,
BRITISH ACE BEAT LONDON -BERLIN AIR RECORD
Capt.Stack, photographed on his arrival at Templehofer Field, after
'flying from London to Berlin, over 650 miles, in 4 hours and 52 minutes—
over 130 miles an hour.
No Curtains or Rugs Decorate
the Residence of Marshal Feng
Wife of China's Minister of War Tells How Simple Living
Is the Rule in Household That Has Only Hard
Chairs and Severe Tables
Peiping (PeMng)—Questions con- that she helps Marshal Feng most
Mar- by looking after his household. As
cerning the work and ideals of
shal Feng Yugisiang, Minister of War Is generally known, she shares h. his
desire for simple living. She disdains
the fleet, to be used in the winter in the Nationalist Government, which
the silk and jewels which adorn. the
traffic, are being overhauled and re-
paired for the work. have been the subject of much dis-
cussion in China recently, were answered fully by the Marshal's wife
. wives of other Chiniese militarists,
wearing only cheap cotton herself,
old
and tbe drawing room of the Peiping
during ter recent visit to her
GOOD REASONS
Father was sent by Mother to get "Why does a stork stand oh one home here, in an interview. i home is bare of rugs, curtains, and
Billy home from his baseball playing. leg?" "I represent the women of North 1 ornaments. The only furnishing. are
One hour later they came in together. "If he'd lift thbe other one, he'd China—the country women," said, straight, hard chairs and a few se -
"Was he safe?" Mother cried. fall."—Mugwump. •
"Safe a mile, but the umpire called
him out!" TWO TESTS
"Why didn't you bring him home?" "Most men are known for their
"I tried to, but the shortstop made deeds."
a great catch!" "Others by their mortgages,"
Mrs. Feng, her black eyes moving ve e taotes.
vivaciously behind. her horn -rimmed "We live plainly," she explained..
spectacles. ' "How could we live other than fru"
Mrs. Feng considers her most im- gaily when there are now so many
portant work to be her duties as wife very poor people in China? Marshal.
and mother. She says she considers Feng and I are acustomed to simple
living from childhood and it is not
Crack British Cavalry Units Change Jobs
.;:eieee3sa"'
•••••..aaaa
4 '4, 'V'W4SiPret, .
. C. ANGE QUARTERS
Groat \Vest Read while they change
true that such abonomy is affect&
tion on our part, although it is true
that we think our example in this re-
spect is effective."
It is characteristic of Marshal
Feng and las wife t plan for an
idealistic future and to work mean-
while according to the needs of the
hour. The model villages 'whin
they have created in Honan Prove
ince during the past year are ma
amples of this. Notwithstanding
their own advanced ideas, since theif
recent visit to Russia, the plans foa
the villages lhave taken into amount
existing collations. Individual, not
community,, homes have been built,'
and the agricultural and other train-
ing provided are appropriate to tha
demand.
• Comptilsory education is enforoed
in these villages for both young and
old. Illiterate persons under ail
years of age are expected to lepez,
a certain number aa aaaamee char:
• a:ae"a Within a specified peeled and
while older parsons aro given more
time, they too must study, Nina
Veng's chief outside interest is In
education, she says, and she pease*,
ally has estabilahed three schools in
different poets of China, where chit,
area are taught reading, arithmetio;
and manual trades, The schools are
supported partly by tuition fees fro*
those who can afford them, partly bY
the work of the pupils themselves,
and the bilanee by donation from
Mrs, Feng,
conn Windsor