Zurich Herald, 1927-10-20, Page 6CANADA WELL SERVED
BY GOOD RADIO STATIONS
Our Dominion is Covered by Limited Number of Broad-
casting Sic tions Which Insures Satisfactory Reception
OVERLAP NOT ALLOWED
Somewhere in the neiglrborltodd
75.raddoeastiug stations cover the D
rhinion of Canada from coast to seas
Every section of . the vast expans
which makes up the nation is ad
quately covered with a network of e
tertainment and information-givin
voices, whose audibility ranges fr.
50 to 10,000 miles.
To the radio fan cone the voice
of the' Maritimes, wending their w
from Halifax and Moncton; the En
lash and French. announcements fro
the studios of Montreal, Quebec an
Ottawa, lend an air of romance an
by -gone times to the everyday word
of the newest of showmen—the radi
announcer; from Toronto, Ottaw
Hamilton, Brantford, London and
number of other cities in popul6h
Ontario, are received some of the bes
pr•ogra:ssradiocast on the continent
from Winnipeg, Saskatoon, Begin
and Lctmo;iton, the vastness of th
prairies reverberates, while the magi
touch of the Pacific seaboard is hear
from Vancouver.
Government Strict.
The etations in the Dominion ar
licensed by the Department of M
rine a rril Fieheries. Each is operate
by a competent Government -examine
.official, and all are under constan
supervision from the local radio in
specters. In fact a nightly checkin
up on each station is made by inspec
orsthroughout the Dominion..
Radio anelectrical concerns to
the list with stations in operation
while the newspapers come a goo
second and the Canadian Nationa
Railways come third. Religious or
ganizations and churches, private per
sons, radio societies and financia
companies finish the list in this order
A very varied assortment to give en
tertaiument as they think entertain
anent should be given.
It is interesting to note that the
Canadian National Railways operate
11 'stations, extending from Moncton
to Vancouver. Not all of these are
stations owned by the railway, some
being rented for the night of radio -
casting from some other station own-
er.
And this brings us to a point which
few know about. . One often hears a
great number of Canadian stations in
one city and wonders if each of these
has its own station. A number of
concerns have what is known as a
"phantom" license, that is a license
underwhich they can operate from
some other station. For instance,
when station CHNC at Toronto puts
on .a concert it is through station
OKNO.
• Canadian stations are each assign-
ed a wavelength. This wavelength is
assigned to a city or locality, so that
all stations in a certain territory shall
be on the same wavelength. With
this arrangement no two stations are
allowed to put on a concert simultan-
eously in the same city. Thus there
is not the overcrowding that is pre-
valent in .the United States, and one
is able to tune out a Iocal program,
with some assurance of getting one
from some other centre.
Stations Outside. Cities.
This system has worked out won-
derfully, the station owners • arrang
ing their own time schedules by mu-
tual agreement. Only in Montreal
and Toronto has there been 'a devia-
tion from this practice This is so
arranged that any stations now- built
to operate from Toronto or Montreal
must be erected at least 10 miles out-
side the city and then they are put
on a different wavelength to that as-
signed to either Montreal or Toronto..
These stations situated at a dis-
tance from the city, usually in a de-
solate and barren spot so as to be
efficient from a radio standpoint, do
not have magnificent studios in which
to receive noted artists. . They are
equipped so that on a stormy night
the operator can remain, so as not
to have to go home in rain or snow.
But the artists never see the interior
of these stations. For them is pro-
vided a studio in a downtown hotel or,
art. gallery, from whence their music
is fed by telephone lines to the clis-
taut radiocaeting equipment.
Coast to Coast.
The range of Canadian stations is
continent wide, and some are heard
in such distant points as the West
Indies, Hawaii and Australia. They
serve each bit of local territory as
well as more distant points. In or-
der to give.an adequate idea of the
regular n. of Canadian sta-
:tions, the writer was furnished with
a special analysis of reception re-
ports from the Canadian National
Railways, These charts show that
every inch 0f the country is well cov-
ered.
For instance the station at Monc-
ton, N.B., is heard regularly through-
out the Maritimes, 'Newfoundland,
and all the American states In the
eastern standard time zone as far,
south as Georgia. Some difficulty in
the reception of this station is had
In St. John, N.B., Halifax, Frederic-
ton, Campbellton and Cape Breton,
where the station is heard irregular -A,
iy, On the other hand CNRis re-
ported in the British Isles•, Holland,
Spain, tho northwest territories and
Central America.,
'fake the cane (I of nvi at Winni-
e : where station Mir fa used for
de .ting. This station has li re-'
i itdi so of nearly ail 1idsultoba, •
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part of Saskatchewan, Ontario as far
east as Fort William, and eight states
to the south and southeast„ Besides
this it is heard with some regularity
on both the east and west coasts, and
has been reported from Liverpool,
England, Hawaii and the Isle of Pines
in the West Indies.
The Vancouver station of the chain
covers perhaps more territory than
any other Canadian station. East as
far as Manitoba, north to Alaska and
south to Mexico, on regular radio -
casts, with the occasional report from
Eastern Canada, Oceania, the Anti-
podes and Hawaii,
Interference Minimized.
Every station could be described in
this manner, but some idea of the dis-
tances covered can be gleaned from
the above. That the stations in the
Dominion, although fewer in number
than those in the United States, cover
their territories to a good degree is
one reason why, there are not more
stations in Canada.. It is felt that
they are not necessary. A great
many more stations would cause in-
terference problems. Incidentally the
license fee for a Canadian station is
$50 per cunum, and the initial cost for
a good station is in the neighborhood
of $25,000.
The Canadian Government has wise-
ly regulated the disposal of stations
and in doing so has kept in mind
that a population of 10,000,000 stretch-
ing out over 3000 miles has a very
good way of providing everyone with
some Canadian entertainment..
Rotaries Now
Making Plans
For Convention
Much Continental Touring by
Rotarians Follows the
Recent Brussels
Parley
Brussels. — Preparations for the
next Rotary convention, to be held at
Minneapolis, June 18-22, 1928, aro be-
ing made well in advance. Informa-
tion for British and Irish Rotarians
wishing to partake in the meeting
will soon be available. It is probable
that a special steamer will be char-
tered and eastern Canada will be in-
cluded in the itinerary, so that those
who have friends or relatives in Can-
ada or the United States will have
opportunities of seeing them again.
This reunion of friends and relatives
was one of the features of the Ostend
convention.
King Albert Only Royal Member..
It is generally conceded that the
most successful figure of the meeting
was that of King Albert of Belgium,
the only Rotarian of his classifica-
tion.
The official post convention con-
tinental tours are already over, but
large numbers of Rotarians are .still.
traveling over Europe. Two or three
parties visited the Geneva club re-
cently. Rotarians have also been en-
tertained at the local clubs at The
Hague, Utrecht, Haarlem and Am-
sterdam. Lunches were given them
at Bergen, Trondhjem, Oslo and
Stockholm, where they were well re-
presented at the convention of the
International Chamber of Commerce.
They were also entertained at Copen-
hageau, at Aarhus, by the local clubs..
League Buildings Shown Rotarians.
At the headquarters of the Rotary
International at Zurich many visitors
have been received in the course of
the summer. At Lucerne there were
250 Rotarians at the meetings, week
after week. Three hundred visited
Geneva, immediately after the Ostend
meeting, and small contingents have
reached the city throughout the sum-
mer. They have been taken around
the League of Nations Building, to
the Labor Bureau and to other places
of interest, and the working of the
institution has been explained to
them.
Few details of these continental.
tours and their contribution to the
promotion of understanding between
the peoples a%re to hand as yet, but it
appears that the post -convention
tours haye been productive o:f much
good in this way. Now that every-
thing is over, there is a disposition
among Rotarians to be Much grati-
fied at the efficiency with which
everything was done and at the splen-
did effort made by tho Ostend club,
with only 40 members.
Coast Province Egg Trade
New Wesiminister, B.C.--Speaking
here during the recent provincial ex-
]tibition, Dr. Warnock, Deputy Minis-
ter oaf Agriculture. for- British Colum-
bia, stated that the success,achieved
by the province at the recent World's
Poultry Congress at Ottawa would re- ,
salt in this province becoming a lead-
ing exporter of wolf -bred poultry. He'
quoted figures to chow that there bad
been an increase of 5$ per nein, In the
expert of eggs from Britix'h Columbia
ast year as compared with the premi-
en* 12 montb's. During the first ,eight
months of the present year no less
than. 144 carloads of eggs had been
Shipped out of the province.
Lade1-.-"Teti ane,* doctor, I man my
husband tea take me to Cannes What
Wawa do you recorrnentr •j
Ympro”s City Entrance
BAD HILL TO BE. ELIMINATED
For the past six years pians for the alteration of the course of Yonge
street, Toronto, so as to avoid the bad hills immediately north of the city
limits at Hogg's Hollow, have been mooted. Announcement was made
recently to the North York Township Council by the Ontario department of
highways that tenders would be •called for a new high level viaduct. When
the work is completed this picturesque old piece of roast will likely fall into
desuetude.
The Ploughing of Clay Soils.
Late summer or fall ploughing is
the general practice that should be
followed for clay soils. , Where weeds
are not troublesome clay soils plough-
ed late in the fall • and kept' in the
rough ploughed form permit the frost
and weather to break down the clods.
Results of many experiments 'show
that no profitable increase in yield
will be secured from ploughing deep-,
er than 5 or 6 inches. 'All these till-
age operations for clay soils must be
carried out only when the soil has
its most desirable content of mois-
ture, according to a bulletin on Crop
Rotations and Soil Management for
Eastern Canada available at the Pub-
lications Branch of the Department of
Agriculture at Ottawa. The bad ef-
fect of a single ploughing when the
soil is too wet is believed to last for
three or four years. Ploughing in the'
spring when too dry •greately
creases the work and may result in a
g
cloddy seed -bed.
Fattening Turkeys.
The proper time to begin fattenin
turkeys is four weeks before they are
wanted for table use.. They need nett
be confined in pens, because, when
properly fed they take no more exer-
cise than is necessary. Turkeys
raised in 'the open during the summer
cannot stand close confinement dur-
ing the fattening period. In a bulle-
tin on turkeys, available at the Pub-
lications Branch of the Department of
Agriculture at Ottawa, complete .1n-
structions for feeding the fattening
birds are given. The young birds
should be started feeding gradually.
The feed should consist of mash and
whole grain. The mash, which is fed
for the morning and mid-day meals,
is made up of equal parts of ground
oats, barley meal, cornmeal and
wheat bran. Ground buckwheat may
be used instead of the grouncl barley.
The ground grains should be mixed
thoroughly before moistening . with
water or skim -milk, using only
enough to make the meal stick to-
gether and not enough to make it
sticky or sloppy. Tho moistening
should be done about two 'hours be-
fore feeding. The mash is fed in a
clean trough, giving only as muck as
the turkeys will eat readily. Tho
evening meal should consist of whole
grain, whole .corn being about the
best, and no more should be fed than
the birds can clean up nicely. Fresh
water and grit should he provided.in
abundance. The turkeys can be con=
ditioned in this way in about . three
weeks, another week being used for i
killing, shipping and retailing. 1
Tulip Planting.
Tulip planting time is approaching
and unless the bulbs are set out dur
ing. the next few weeks another
spring will pass without the gorgeous
display of bloom for which the tulip
is noted. According to the Superin
tendent of the Nappan, Nova Scotia
Experimental Farm, good bloom may
be expected from bulbs setas late as
the beginning of November. In his
report for 1926 Mr. Baird, the Super-
intendent, states that the early varie-
ties Vermillion Brilliant, Pottebakker
Scarlet, Chrysolora, Joost Van Von=
del, made a splendid showing from
May 26th to June 12th. The Darwin
tulips, Mr. Baird points out, come in-
to bloom later, but are richer and
have more delicate colors than the
early sorts, filling in nicely between
the early tulips and the summer an-
nuals. The first bloom of the Dar -
wins noted at Nappan in the year un-
der review was June 6th. The flower-
ing season lasted until the 24th of the
month.. Among the most prominent
sorts grown that year were Europe,
Edmee, Farncombe Sanders, Bartig-
on, La Tulipe Noire and Prof.. Rau-
wenhof, This report, which is distri-
buted by The Publications Branch of
the Department of Agriculture at Ot-
tawa,
ttawa, contains valuable information
on dahlias, sweet peas, perennials,
and other flowers besides field held
crops, and garden crops and other
questions related to general farming.
Harvesting Field Root Seed. ,
• During recent years the federal and
provincial experimental farms have
taken up root seed raising with very
favorable results. They have proved
' conclusively that field root seeds can'
be successfully raised in Canada and
that .the crops produced from such
seed are equal, and in many cases
' superior, both in yield and quality, to
crops of the same varieties grown
from imported seed. A anew bulletin
on Field Roots in Canada, distributed
by the Publications Branch, Depart-
ment, of Agriculture, Ottawa, along
with a great deal of information on
field root seed raising in general,
gives instructions for harvesting
these seeds. Mangels are ready to
harvest wa,en the majority of the seed
starts to turn brown. . The top of the
root just below the seed stalks is cut
off with a sharp spade and the crop
tied up in small sheaves. When the
sheaves are tied they are butted, that
is the tops of the roots are cut with
a spade, and -the sheaves then put up
in, small loose stooks, until ready for
threshing. In harvesting swede tur-
nips the stalk is cut just above the
crown, bound•in sheaves and stooked
until threshed. The cutting, binding,
and stooking of mangels, sugar beets
and turnips is best done when• dew
s on the plants as their seed is roadie'
y lost by handling. When possible
•
large canvas or jute sheets should be
used, the seed stalks when cut being
butting being done .there, The sheet
can be pulled along as ,Harvesting pro
seeds. Carrots, clue to the fact the
the individual seed clusters do not
ripen •at the same time, cannot be
harvested in the same way as man -
gels and turnips. The seed clusters
must be picked by hand when they
become brown, and several pickings
are necessary to get the crop in the
best condition. As they are collected
the seed stalks should be spread out
to a depth of 4 to 0 inches where dry-
ing conditions are good and forked
over several times to facilitate • the
thorough drying of tbe seed heads.
Wintering Roots to Be Used for
Seed Growing.
Field root seed' is grown from eith-
er mature roots or stocklings, planted
in the spring. Stockings are small
immature roots and there are certain
advantages in using them, but, con-
ditions being equal, they do not pro-
duce so much seed as mature roots.
Roots for seed raising.must be
handled with care, particular mina
being taken that no damage is done
in harvesting and storing.. The pro-
per methods of harvesting and stor-
ing are fully described in a new bulle-
tin on Field Roots in- Canada avail-
able at the Publications Branch of
the Department of Agriculture at Ot-
tawa. In gathering the roots that are
to be used for seed raising the leaves
should not be twisted off but cut two
or three inches from the top of the
root. The toots should not be trim-
med, and a critical examination of
them should be made at harvest time
and all damaged, misshapen, prongy
and off -type ones, discarded.
Many methods of holding over_- win-
ter roots to be used for peed have
been tried out, according to the bulle-
tin, by far the best method under or-
dinary • Canadian conditions is to'
store them in properly constructed
cellars or pits. For satisfactory stor-
age, temperatures shoulld be main-
tained between 32 and 38 degrees
Fahrenheit, • Sudden and extreme tem-
perature changes are the cause of
greater loss than continued low tem-.
peratures. Mangels, sugar beets and
carrots will even stand considerable.
freezing provided they are not hand-
led while frozen and that the frost is
allowed to come out gradually. Stored
roots must not be allowed to dry out
as drying is one of the principal
causes of loss in cellar storage.
Issued by The Director of Publicity,
Dom. Dept, of Agriculture, Ottawa,
Ont.
Care of Brushes
Brooms and brushes give mucin
longer and more efficient service if
they are taken care: of.
Before being used for the first time,
all household. brushes and brooms
should be soaked in cold water and
allowed to dry thorouglily, This makes
the wood around the bristles swell
and thus strengthens the bold on
them, it also prevents the bristles from
breaking off short.
A broom should be kept free from
all sweepings. Keep at hand an old.
piece of comb, and, when sweeping is
over, gently remove all hairs, bits of
fluff and odds and ends before putting
the broom, brush -end upward, in the
corner.,
Periodically brooms should be treat-
ed to a bath of soft soap and water, to
which a little borax, soda or ammonia
has been added. Having been well
rinsed in several cold waters the
brooms should be thoroughly dried.
The bristles of hair brushes, brooms
and scrubbing brushes may be stiffen-
ed if dipped in a strong solution of
alum, or, in the case of tooth brushes,
a solution of salt and water. Brooms
and brushes, however thick the
bristles; must sever be allowed to rest
upon the bristles when not in use.
A certain young barrister had been
addressing a jury for about two hours,
and when he had finished the oppos-
ing : counsel arose and said, "Your
lordship, I will follow the example of
my friend who has just finished, and
submit the case without argument!"
thrown on them and the binding and
•
ow s of Flaming
Sheets Autumn Berries
t Now that winter is not far away, oral
begins to realize the fact that SIX
months must pass before we are again,
available the garden flowers which
have made indoors al well as out•
doors. beautiful during summer.
Wiry not gather some berries, which
are plentiful and burn with fiery color
in the woods and swamps?
The earliest of these is the bitter.
sweet, with its gorgeous red and ye]-
low coloring. A bunch placed in water,
`'say in a hanging basket on Urfa wall,
will serve as a gleaming bouquet until
replaced by Christmas holly,
Of allour native berries, none is
finer than the black alder. These are
found quite late in the autumn' in •tire
swamps and the remote districts of
the woods. The scarlet ''globes set
richly' along the black stems are this
most vivid of all the autumn fruit.
One of the most luxuriant and ar.
tistio of the berry bushes is the bar-
berry, Its fruit ripens slowly, and its
warm golden leaves, set thickly with
tiny thorns, are almost as hardly as
the berries. Bunches of these nfay
be kept in the -"muse all winter, re-
taining their color and beauty.
Then there are partridge vines and
tiny ferns, beautiful if set in a round
berry bowl. Art is required in maks
ing this quaint object, In the bottom
of the receptacle place a piece of
moist moss, green side out so that
its roots and the earth clinging to
them may form a carpet for the Iittle
tendrils of the vine and ferns. Place
these latter firmly, but not too closely
together, and have a]3•cut a fifth of
the space in the bowl free at the top
for growth and expansion. Turn all
leaves and berries so that they may
look out of the bowl; and the pretty
thing is complete.
Those dishes should be filled late
in the season ,and should be ,opened
at intervals during tbe winter. Plac-
ing them in the cold so that the bowl
may frost over is the surest way of
gaining the moisture desired.
The great heavy clusters of ask
berries are beautiful for house deco-
ration, but mean so much as food for
the birds that one forebears to 'pick
them.
The heavy blue fruit of the carrion
bower; the berries of the Jack in-the-
prtIpit andr.of many other plants are
found in the woods and along the
ences.
"Sing a song of seasons
Something bright in all,
Flowers in the spring time,
Fires in the fall."
Kitchen Hints
New Customs Crosiers are Speedy
iS4"•y;Ii'{v•
•�L�.+GrL4 �
Ontario Bui1t Crus 3r3 for Nova ' Scotia
Two 200.1rorrse power, 38 -miles -per -hour revenue masers were recantlly putt into commission by F. W:
Cowatu, Chief of the Canadian Preventive ;.v .
Service, vice, to take caro of Nova •S socia :s indented coast line: Hon. W.
D. Euler ordered six speedsters of the Thorneveroft su _-c
of the ,,,o., b laser type to patrol' the little frequentel shallow coves
Maritime Province: They are . flia - : - guns ._ allot
folio*. _, y equ.n ,i with machine .ons and search lights, The other four will loon
of ow: Tliey wore built by the Ditclibllr>: u�&ats at aravenhurst
To Preserve Lemons
Rub the lemons thoroughly with a
dry cloth until the skins are ,clean,
then roll them in a white of an egg.
Let them dry. They will keep'for
months. When required for use, rub
the coating off and they will be like
fresh lemons.
Apple Cream
Remove the pulp from two baked
apples, rub it through a sieve, add 1a
gill dream. Sweeten to taste. Flavor
with! a squeeze of a lemon. Mix well
and serve in custard glasses, Servo
with sponge fingers.
• Blushing Bunny
1 can•tomato soup, 1 cup finely cut
cheese, 1 teaspson butter, 2 eggs, salt
and pepper, Melt butter in sauce pan,
add soup and cheese. When cheese
i melted acid seasonings and beaten
eggs. Stir until thick and serve on
Was t.
Red and Green Pepper Pickles
12 large red peppers, 12 barge green
peppers, 15 onions, chopped fine; one
int vinegar, 3 cups' sugar, 3 table-
spoons salt, 3 tablespoons mustard
seed. Remoye seeds from peppers and
chop or grind, mix with the onions and
pour boiling water over the mixture,
Let stand five minutes, then drain.
Make a weak solution of vinegar, tak-
ing one part vinegar and two 'parts
water. Put pepper mixture in the vine.
.gar, let come to a boil, let stand 10
minutes, then drain again, Add, ons
pint vinegar, the salt, sugar and mus-
tard seed, let come to a boil, boil two
minutes, thew bottle and seal.
Sauerkraut
Cut the cabbage into shreds, do not
-chop. Put a layer of cabbage about
three inches deep into tank or vessel
having straight sides. Crockery warn
or cypress or white pine casks aro
good for the purpose. Sprinkle over
the first layer of shredded cabbage the
first grade of dairy salt. The proper
proportion is lbs. salt for each 100
lbs•. cabbage. Repeat this. until the
cask is full and heaped up. liave a'
cover fitted to inside of cask. Put
this over the cabbage and weight It
siown with rocket -ern ordinary room ,
temperature the kraut will cure in
from 16 to 18 °clays.
Apples in ,Canada
Apples are Canada's leading cm-,
mercial product in fruit, Since 1889
when seed was imported from Riga,
the Deltas Sea, continuous efforts a limit)
boon made to originate new and' better
variotiee of apples for Caii.adre In a
recent 'report of do I1orticyltural
Division of the .'�y• oan11nian Expert.
,I )11, �
Mental Ferurs descriatiioaas . , :.eighteen
rete vati;iletles- named dui rl 1925. aro,
supplied.
—..
Most indecent bdolee ars s stupid,
that in order to get titian aetea It is
Iteoessa,ryto rieliounee tlient. lsonlatb'
Masson,