HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1927-05-05, Page 2110V1 SOILS WEAR MIT
Plan to Keep Them Producing Maximum Crops.
By W. IL STEVENSON.
In our study of a practical soil the problem of soil acidity in a busi-
management program, we should ness-like and energetic fashion. Any
'understand clearly that soils wear other plan will result in smaller crop
'nut; by this, we mean that soils tend yields "and increased costs of pee -
to produce smaller and smaller crops duction.
With the passing years, unless they IMPROVES THE soli,.
sae fertilized. Every farmer knows I Soils near out because they lose
that this is the case, but many seem organic matter rapidly when they are
determined to ignore this great law cultivated, The importance of organic
• of nature. Their reward is found in matter in soils is due to the fact
crops of low yield and high cost per that it contains much plant food, pro-
ton, bushel or bale. vides bacteria with conditions which
Soils wear out because crews are are necessary to make the plant food
"not made of nothing." The fact is, constituents available for use, and
all of our crops remove definite quan- improves the physical condition of
titles of plant food from the soil, and the soil.
thus constantly reduce the store of In order to make and keep soils
plant food elements in the soil. For highly productive the organic matter
example: A 100 -bushel corn crop, supply Must be increased in light col -
grain and stover, contains 148 pounds ored, light textured soils and meet be
of nitrogen, twenty-three pounds of maintained in darker colored types
phosphorue and seventy-one pounds and in the heavier types. All soils,
of potassium. Likewise, a fifty -bushel
wheat crop, grain and stover, con-
tains ninety-six pounds a rritrogen,
sixteen pounds of phosphorus and
fifty-eight pounds of potassium. On
this basis we know that each year an
whatever their color or texture, must
receive regular and ample supplies of
organic matter if their productive
capacity is to be kept on a high level.
Three natural fertilizing materials
may be used on the farm for this pur-
pose. They are manure, green ma -
HOW TO VARNISH A FLOOR
The Right Way to Perform This Task.
' F
in( BERTON, ELLIOT,
Sounds simple, doesn't ite--the re- form, to be reduced with turpentine
varnishing of a floor? Just poor some or benzine to the consistency of thick
varnish into a receptacle, dip the cream. It is applied with a a.vush;
!sleuth in and go ahead. I allowed to stand for a few minutes,
But that' e net the way to do It if arid•then wiped off, across the grain,
Yoe went the job done right. ividth a piece of cloth or burlap. Na -
Let us take, for instance, an aver- turd Sir transparent filler should be
age oak floor that has not- been re- used Ore niftural or light flooes, and a
finished for a year or naore, in a colored tiler such as dark or golden
home witra ceuple' of husky young- oak on the darker -stained floors.
The next step is to sandpaper 'The
stem The youngsters will have seen
to cut the gloss of the
to it that some of thevarnish has been entire floor,
scuffed off in doorways and other , previous varnish coating, and level
favorite routes of travel, and there off the worn and filled spots. Brush
will be some places worn clear down !up the loose sand particles iminede.
into the wood and weatherbeaten to a ately before starting to varnish.
dirty, grassa color.
Here's the way te put this floor in
good condition again:
First, scrub the floor as it has sel-
dom
Seuate Chamber, Ottawa, the "Red dbamber" of the Parliament dom teen scrubbed before, using one
of the grit cleansing preparations.
-endings, in its renewed and giacerfull proportions after the W'---
folRemember that any dirt remaining en
owing the incendiary floe during the war. or in the surface will get varnished
Next examine the worn spots. Any
weather-beaten appearance shoul turpentine. When varnishing keep
enormous amount of plant food is re-
moved from the soils of the country nures and crop residues. tepdlaantts inext in order is the head type, which in boiling water as much as can be places. If any are seen brush over
bleached with exalic acid, Dissolve looking across the floor for skipped
by crops. Statistics worked out for Farmers find the problem of pro-
trannsipelssan leagsrtowonnce them quickly before the varnish
Iowa show that the total value of the viding an adequate supply of organic
ing set out in their permanent posi-
inbseifcleere are should be loosely tied up to blanch dissolved, pour the solution on the
the hearts when well grown. For bare spots, allow to stand far about commences to set. On a good varnish
TRANSPLANTING IS Neoessearse
three principal elements, nitrogen, matter one that keeps them on the
tions in the garden they will become late summer use try some of the cbs half an hour, then wipe up, and rinse job one should be able to get down
phosphorus and potassium, removed jump. On many live stock farms the
weak and spindly. This thinning out type. This is sometimes known as
Chinese cabbage. It is self -blanching, off with clear water. If the surface close to the floor and look acrsos it,
in one year by the nine leading crops supply of manure rarely meets the
and moving about, hardens them, though a little assistance is appreci- left on overnight In some cases, a single skipped spot.
is extremely bad the solution may be toward the light, without seeing a
case, the nitrogen constitutes about often used as a supplement. This
ops the root growth. When they are '
thicken wire or rough Iattcce work!
. second application may be necessarY. If the floor is in excellent condition
eighty per cent. of the total value practice is sound enough, but gene -r-,
put out after one or two transplant- WHEN TO USE A FILLER. and has been revarnished frequently,
Is in excess of $186,000,000. In this demand; then green manures are
makes the stalks sturdier and clevel- ated, and it is easily grown. A little
lings, and especially if they are hur- will protect lettuce from the birds.' After thoroughly dry go over these one coat will be sufficient; however,
phosphorus and potassium make up seed, labor and rent of the land.
ried along with a little nitrate of soda,! This crop requires rich soil, should bleached spots and any other pieces two coats are always preferable,
of the plant food removed, while the ally involves considerable expense for
about ten per cent. each. These are On the grain farm, crop residues
they will make far faster growth he sown only a fraction of an inch where the varnish may be worn off to especially on floors subjected to un -
significant facts. They mean that and green manures must be depended
than if they had never been moved deep and for best results should be the bare wood, with es paste wood usually hard wear. When two coats
even if most of the nitrogen is re- on for the needed organ matter. thinned. filler. The use of filler is necessary are applied allow forty-eight hours
PLANT FOOD RETURNED. Manure crop.
Red clover grown in the rotation
ones which are usually start- the public, free for the asking, some
ed indoors. When . sweet peas, mel- ! very useful information on annual --".--------'"-------------
Wood -filler comes in heavy paste coat.
'coat lightly and apply the second
I one, cucumbers and plants which are flowers. Special lists are given in -
slum.
The plant food in the crops which, often serves as a partial green ma -
usually planted direct hi. the garden, which the annuals are classified under
*re fed fo live stock on the farm is nure if the first crop is harvested and
BE ONTARIO GARDEN
under.
that have been worn down to a dirty,
READY TO BEGIN.
Now we are ready to start 'applying
tires -varnish. The room should be
good and warm, or the varnish will
not flow out and level itself to a
Smooth, even film. A few boards at a
time should be done clear across the
room. The varnish should be applied
in thin coats. In, case It drags a
little under the brush, add a little
turned to the soil by the use of legu- Here, again, the real problem is one from t ginal position until set' THE BEST ANNUALS. on oak, chestnut, ash and other open- for drying if possible, especially in
nimous green manures, conmtercial of expense, labor and the difficulty,'
• out. Of course this only applies to, In a most valuable bulletin by esa,_ grain woods. Maple and pine, which damp weather or if the room is cold
heir ori
materials must be bought to supply experienced by many farmers, of those plants euch as tomatoes, cab- belle Preston, the Dominion Experi- are close -gain woods, do not require overnight; then sandpaper the first
deficiencies in phosphorus and potas- growing successfully, the right green lenges, cosmos, zinnia's, marigolds and mental Farirs at Ottawa have offered a Bike.
at least partiallY returned to the soil the second crop plowed under. ng Bettenr are given a start behind glass they various headings, such as shade lov-
should be disturbed as little as r ing, edging, fragrant, tall, short, etc.
in manure. But when due allowance still is the practice of removioly
A CORNER FOR YOUNG CANADA
is made for this return, from an econ- the clover seed, plowing under all sible and moved carefully outside when In the opinion of Miss Preston the Party Dresses.
net loss of fertility from our soils is considerable nitrogen and much! ism' GROUND CULTIVATED.
Calendula, Candytuff Coreopsis, Cos: Janet . went through the pile of the dress over Gwendolyn's head. It
• twelve best annuals for general plant-
omical standpoint, it is clear that the the rest of the crop. By this method the weather permits.
ling all through Ontario are: Alyssum
sufficiently greet to demend serious organic matter may be added to the The most important benefit derived mos, California Poppy Eschscholt-
. bright -colored scraps that Grandma sagged off one shoulder, and hitched
and thoughtfully. for dolls' dresses ' upon one ride. Juliet looked at it
attention and to require definite ap- soil. When clover is cut for hay and
from cultivation is the conserving of •
zaa, Mignonette, Nasturtium, Portu- had sent her
plications of plant food in a well- removed from the land, there is no •
moisture, especially in the country
lacca, Shirley Poppy, Sunflower, ruefully.
ordered system of soil management. addition of nitrogen to normal soils, where a hose and water are not avail- the Sweet:Pea. "The red piece would -make a lovely Janet (stitched away at her little
Again, soils weal' out because they and it has no green manuring effect, able. The hoe and scuffier break up,
ASTERS HAVE A PLACE. cape," she confided to Nancy Anne, dress. She turned seams and put in
constantly lose lime, and in time be- but when well inoculated it does not the surface of the soil and thus •e -n who at stiff and upright at a little a dice hem and 'finished off the neck
come sour or acid. Crop production remove any nitrogen from the soil, table in the playroom. "And the blue +he way Auntie Lay had taught her.
- is generally not as satisfactory on 'and if used for feed and the manure •
evaporating the moisture in the soil. tember and Oct)ber one would be nat there is enough of it. It's good ed out in that blue silk she was a doll
t
sell` silk ought to make a dress. I do hope And when Nancy Anne was all deck-
.
or cutting material during
• acid soils as on soils that contain a returned to the land, beneficial effects
It is particularly advisable to loosen a distinct disadvantage without th
vent the sun _from drawing up and
goodly supply of lime. Legumes often may be secured. Biennial sweet clover
up the soil after every raanfall. In asters. Each year brings out new eel
s that skirts are short." , every little girl would look at twice.
refuse. to grow where the soil is acid. is now used extensively as a green the Midst of these pleasant re- Just then Mother came into the
singles to great globs of color as big knows
flections, that every little mother playroom. "I thought your babies
and colors, and now with tiny
sensitive to acidity, but they may be Oil the live stock farm, the straw,'
this more shallow as the season ad- as cheysantheinums, there is a re- feet heard en the stairs, and the next down a plateful of thimble cakes and
about, there was a patter of might like a party," she said, setting
i the early part of the season deep types
Small grain crops and corn are not so manure crop. cultivation can be practiced, making
indirectly affected through a lessen- stOver and other residues are gener-
vances and the root growth develops. maeloale range from which to choose. minute Juliet Rivers rushed into the two tumblers of milk.
ed b ddin and re- . Onterio asters should be started playroom ! "Ole Mohrethank you, thank you
turned to the soil in the manure. On
Ing of the production of available al y u Or
or The lime deficiency of soils brings the grain farm the straw may be al- The regular flower gardens sur -"I'm all out or breath, she said,
plantA CUTTING GARDEN.
indoors or best results and on tees .
our farmers face to face with one of ;lowed to decompose partially before rounding the house and la-wns are their stock from the nearest green -
account most people prefer th buys panting. "I ran so fast. Oh, dear, just love a party. And they can wear
the big problems of the times. It is application, and the cornstalks and spoiled if all the bloom is kept re- house man. To prevent disease plant what lovely scraps. I've boughttheir new dresses. Oh, isn't this fine,
sewing over. Gwendolyn is nearly in Juliet?"
chl" cried Janet "They will
money will be required for the pur- both systems of farming these rept- , doors. Of coursit is not advisable and give the
ma m a position where they
chase of the needed limestone and dues should What do you think of this for! Juliet, of course, was idelsghted
a big problem because vast sums of stubble may be plowed under, but in moved for supplying decorations in- in a diffeLent kcation from last year, rags,
never be burned or other-' to let bloom go to seed, but in these will have eesety of room ani F11:. a deess?" And the fly -away Juliet over the party. But when she placed ,
because a huge amount of heavy work wise destroyed. gardens which one can see from the They require rich soil and plenty of opened her workbox, and brought out Gwendolyn in her queerly made yellow
must be expended in transporting the We have found that all soils natur-lhouse windows and along the walk cultivation. They are very subject to a piece of yellow material., 'She gave dress beside Nancy Anne in her neat
limestone and distrileuting it on the ally tend to wear out under cropping. leading down to the street it is much attacks of root maggots. These can
it a shake and flourfed it gayly be- blue sink some of the party feeling
fore Janet. left her.
land. But there is no practical way It is the business of the farmer to put nicer to have the flowers in full bloom
be prevented by dipping the roots in eI thinkethat it is beautiful," said "Gwendolyn doesn't look fit for
cations of lime materials ; therefore,Iment that will retefn to the soil as back for filling up your vases.. Then before transplanting to outside. This Janet, "And I'm so glad you brought anything but the rag 'bag," she said, !'
of treating acid soils except by appli- into practice methods of soil manage-, and depend on another garden at the a mixture of corrosive sublimate jugt
farmers generally should resolve now,Imuch plant food, lime and organic again there are some fiovsers, such as is the tame treatment as is now gen- it, for now we can work together. soberly. "I guess it anything is worth
without further delay, to deal with matter as has been lost. sweet peas, batchelor's button, glad- erally employed with cabbages. To
I'm going to make Nancy Anne a doing at all, it is worth doing well.
iolus, nicotine and others which have cutworms, another trouble- Ater this I'm going to take pains, and
keep away dress out of this blue."
Both little -girls got out their pin patterns on first and sew a nice
Wilson Publishing Company
4
style centres and will help you to foliage. These vri imbles an nee es an scissors. seam.
May cut for us?" asked Juliet. 1
are originated in the heart of the beautiful blooms but very ordinary some pest, cultivate well and put a ee• d dl d '
dividuality. Price of the book 10c still got that cute pattern Auntie said Janet, laughing.
acquire that much desired air of in- eat flowers if grown in straight rows this down into the ground about half ,
the copy.
HOW TO ORDER PATTERN&
11 supplyabundant
'1
paper collar about the stem, sticking "The pattern, Janet. Have you ?And now 'let's pass the cakes,"I
I've got it right here in my Fertuizing Clay Soils.
.
Write your name and address plain
giving number and size of such
patterns as you want- Enclose 20c in
stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for eaca number and
address your order to Pattern Dept.
Wilson Publiehing Co., 7S West Ad*.
'aide St.; Tororto. Patterns sent by
return mail
A Costly Peat.
in the vegetable patch where they will
get plenty of cultivation and are more an inch.
, TM WINDOW BOX. 1
accessible for cutting purposes,
, Now that the window boxes are
made and the hanging pots purchased
one must get busy and prepare to fill
them. Use some old broken crockery
or cinders for drainage in the bottom,
then a layer of well rotted Manure,
tramped down tight, then two or
three inches of rich garden soil, sifted
line. Bedding plants can be purchas-
ed ready grown from the nearest
green house man or can be grown in -
The house fly (mesa). domestica) doors by yourself. Trailing flowers
is a costly pest. The fly paper cost to such as German ivy, climbing tee-
the people of Canada each year is turtiums, and some trailing foliage
nearly a quarter million dollars, plants should be used along the front
while the new wire screen purchased as well as clumps of Alyssum and
each year costs us in our fight Lobelia to add a touch of color. Back
,against the fly nearly $1,1/00,(X10. a few inches stick in some special
This is not all, in spite of the window box Petunias, Geraniums,
paper and wire screen the fly makes Sprengula Ferns, and a bit of bright -
the people of this country pay over ly colored ribbon grass. This is only
0
sseeseseeTk.:
••••••
workbox. I'm sure it will fit Gwen- Manure is very beneficial to heavy
clolyn, too." clay soils, which are often deficient
'The little pattern was cut ror a in organic matter, especially when,
simple one-piece dress. Snip, snip they have been poorly farmed. In a
went the scissors, as Juliet hurriedly section desiling with clay soils, in a
cut into her yellow material. bulletin of the Dominion Department
"Oh, but you ought te pin the seat- of Agriculture on Crop and Farm
watclaug her. "Look, you're cutting stated that, where an ample supply
ern on the eleth first," .said Janet, Management in Eastern Canada, it is
that crooeen. Oh, my, it will never of manure is not available, a dress -
fit around the neck!" ing of 200 to 300 pounds of.. super
-
"Pin the pattern on! What a waste phosphate per acre; broadcast on clay
of timet I guess I can hold it on," land just before sowing a cereal crop,
said Juliet. "I'll be through in a generally results profitably. Super -
second, arid you can pin yours on, if phosphate may be applied' with profit
voe went to. I expect to take Gwen- even when manure is available when
dolyn borne in her new dress." She the clay land is badly run down. The
finished the cutting with an extra plowing under occasionally of a sec -
hard snip of the scissors that made a and crop of clover will also matert-
slit in the skirt. ally aid in improving such soils. Pot -
"Oh, now, you'll have to piece it," 11511 fertilizers are rarely profitable
said Janet. "What a nuisance!" for application to day soils, as this
"Piece it? Never heard of that," fertilizer is usually abundant in soils
W k1 .,i two and a half million dollars each a glide as there are Bowes of flowers
Map Showing Grand Falls. said Juliet, holding up the queer- of this type.
year in counteracting intestinal die. which do well in a box. Fertilize looking dress. It, had little resem- ..
1)rders and dysentery. The cost of frequently and water daily. The elven mese
eap lsbothe locatton blasice to the pattern, but it seemed Harrowing Emerging Crops.
icEEP LETTUCE MOVING. of Grand Fans in relation to the award perfectly setisfactory to Juliet. A number of experiments have
tiente adds another $10,000,000 to the The secret of growing tender let- recently made by the privy council. "Now, then, I'll have this all eewed been made during recent yearseat
caring for tubercular and typhoid pa -
I
charge account against the fly as the wee is to keep it moving. It must The shaded area surrounding Grand, up before you even get that pattern the Bes,verlodge, Alberta, EXOeri-
diseases. 1it comes through the soil until it is but the text of the ilidgrnent indicates. Janet smiled. She wished the could IT:tea; cSetirbea-Slst,atstlinfroiwtehrstheanhdarert°1;
agent for the dissemination of these not be allowed' to pause from the time Pelle was in doubt ass to ownership, Pinned on," she continued.
1 These, tremendous costs could 130 ready for the table. Of course ;Where, that ft belongs to eNewfoundletat. Work fast, too, but somehow she crops with a light lever harrow juse
largely avoided by simple sanitary the head lettuce is started inside •and Grand Fails le in this area natnilton didn't want this lovely blue sills &else as they are, peeping through the
measures. The fly breeds in filth, moved out in the open later, there •is river and pert of the inlet are shown to lOok like Julie's yellow one when ground. The superintendent of the
A SMART TWO-PIECE SUIT, principally in horse manure. Care- a little pause following the tram- on the map. it was eut out. So she pinned secure- sub -station, in his latest report,
This smart tvro-piece single -breast- lesene" in leaving aure exposed planting, but this -will not tunotint to —ess.--_ I ly and cut carefully around the edges, states that the ultimate effect oPee
16 square feet of manure *ace or llnitratt of soda, about a scant table- ,found ! a way peevent this renc ion uc e
"Arers't vou going to els F h t= e c Belli the grain should have
• inating weeds. To make the opera -
beneficial. The
ed suit Is made with or without plaits and neglect to use borax and belle- ' inuch if about a third of the leaves Automobiles killed many et rhY And J;oliet threaded her needle and We crop is ueuelly
oollar two-piece sleeves and patch 'the fly pest continuing to take its toll.' the ground is well fertilized and onelOf wallowing_in the road by out sewed energetically with great long object is, a course, to destroy germ -
at back of the coat and has a notehed i bare on exposed manure results in ' are snipped off after moving and if chicks each season. They had a habit
One pound of 'borax spread Over each wheel Is quickly available. A little house I to " etitehes.
round of hellebore to 20 square feet spoonful disolved in a gallon of water
will kill about 96 per cent. of the: and sprinkled around the plants is
larvae. Such will greatly reduce the sufficient for one square yard of gar -
pest and cut down the losses in a den, will be found very -useful to keep
corresponding degree.
• *lie
pockets, while the accompanying ttou-
' Sere are of the straight type. NO.
1558 is in sizes 4, 6, 8 and 10 years,
'Size 0 requires 8 yards 36-ineli ma-
terial, or 174 yards 54-ineh, and 11/4
• • yards 30-ineh lining for coat. Pride
80 cents the pattern,
livery WetrieteS claire is to achieve
that matt, different , appearance
*blob drawl favorable cezninent from
the observing publide The designs
Illustrated in our new raehion took
•
de th and, e.t
rose?"Tenet. "You know, been drilled at a fair p be
Iri Jasper National Park,' Alberta,
there are about 040 miles of standard and when s
trails by which tourists may visit the given up. Leaf lettuce is the easiestl Foolislwess is the beginning of clamed,
loss by building in one end of my • •
poultry yard a shallow box, 10 x le Auntie May taught us how. You just the time of harrowing,
feet, and filling it with clean sand and run up one side and then turn the showing single shoots just enterging•
gravel. 1Jport the sand I scattered dress inside out and run it up again, 'rhe harrow must be light and the
some grain to attract them, and in so that it looks quite neat." surface ter the ground fairly free
all types of lettece Moving. One short time the chicks found this a Juliet looked puzzled, "1 mess not. f vein rubbiehIt is best to do the /0
that there is only one type of lettute mgoyoatr8011.abblatitwuaths eflIrdetd11:1-11Dig:ITI,Y0 and It take' too 1011e she raid.
' • I cl.t 11 nst be ,—.--..t.—_,— iv for oleo thne. Then Jullot ex- shower follows in a day or two, the
harrowing on a warm day whentil
Should not run away with the idea 1 The little Oslo worked away crelet- ground is dry on top, If then,
4—
'0
•
On
70—
fri
;Th
at
refl
de
De.
gin
ttir
b i
0E40
3
e•—•
ediatp adverse effect on the grain iesi
outlying scenic attradtionSo Ito grow and tomes en quickly, The anger. Repentanee is the end thereof. ahline's &mei° And she slipped is very slight.
•
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