HomeMy WebLinkAboutZurich Herald, 1927-04-07, Page 3liIill'[°EVASHES F0RFAR1VI USS
BY E. W. KENDALL', 13.$,A,
Whitewash has a wide aitplication
to farm we and deserves a mach
greater popularity than it at present
enjoys. Ite ingredients are inexpeus
sive and readily obtained; it is not
difficult to make and it is easy to
apply ii;, In addition to these ad-
vantages, it protects the surfaces to
which it is applied, brightens up dark
interiors and. is sanitary A fact not
generally known is the whitewash
may bo colored provided that light
tints and shades are used and that.
the pigments are not affected by lune.
Among such are yellow ochre, raw
and burnt umber and raw and burnt
sienna
Preparation of the Surface. -The
surface to be whitewashed should be
just as clean as one that is to be
-painted and it is a first essential to
good results that all dirt, dust, grease
and acaley neaterial be removed be-
fore there is any -attempt to apply
the wash. This implies a liberal use
of scrapers and stiff brushes. When
the cleaning is finished and the sur-
face dusted, it is well •to dampen it
slightly .just before applying the
wash.
APPLICATION OP WHITEWASH.
Whitewash may be applied' with
the brush or sprayer. In applying
with the brush use one at least 4"
wide and work rapidly, malting no
attempt to "brush out" as in paint-
ing. Let the coat be fairly thin and
transparent and it will be opaque
when dry,. The `small hand sprayers
sold by the seed firms may be used.
These will cost around $10 and should
be of brass if you expect then to last
for • a number of years. In using
sprayers it is quite necessary that the
wash be strained through at least two
thicknesses of cheese cloth. Spraying'
has many advantages over brushing
under certain conditions and it forces
the material into cracks and crevices
that would not be reached with the
brush. In using the sprayer always
hold the nozzle so that the wash is
applied at right angles to the sur-
face;; this gives evenapplication. The
sprayer should be thoroughly cleaned
after use and especially th13 nozzles,
as a small particle of dirt clogging
one side of the nozzle will cause it to
send out a lop -sided stream and the
work will be patchy.
In estimating the quantity of ma-
terial required many problems and
conditions are encountered, but the
following general figures may be used
as a basis. One gallon of whitewash
will cover approximately 225 square
feet of wood, 180 square feet of brick
and 270 square feet of plaster. Using
a 4" brush •a manwill cover 200_
square feet of ceiling, 200 square feet
of rough wall or 350 feet of smooth
wall in one hour.
Example: -Basement 36' wide x
60' long x 9' high.
Distance around wall is 192'.
Area of walls is 192' x 9'-1,728
square feet.
Area of ceiling is 60' x 36'-2,160
Total' area -3,888 square feet.
225 square feet require 1 gallon.
3,888 square feet require 3,888 di-
vided by 225-18 gals. approx.
200 square feet are covered in one
hour.
3,888 square feet are covered in
120 hours.
NOTES ON THE PREPARATION OG WHITE-
WASH, WASH;,
(a) Prepare the lime and water
paste a few days before you wish to
use it,
(b) Where casein, glue or formal-
dehyde are to be used, the solutions
must be brought together only when.
they are quite Bold, This is very ime
portant,
(c) Tho seolutis>ns mentioned in (b)
should be added quite, slowly and at
the same time they should be stirred
vigorously and constantly..
(<1) In no case should you inix snore
of the wash in one day than you can
use in that day when any of the solu-
tions mentioned in (b) are used.
(e) Skim milk may be used as a
substitute for casein but it is not
quite so effective. "
42) In place of one sack (50 lbs.)
of hydrated .Bine you may use the
paste made by slaking bus. (38
lbs.) of fresh quick lime with about
6 gallons of water. 'This slaking is
sometimes done by placing the quick -
line in a barrel and adding the water
boiling hot. If cold water is used the
water may be added a little at a time
stirring each time; when heat ceases
to be given off the lime is slaked.
Before using, strain this paste
through a fine screen.
(g) Molasses is said to render the
lime more soluble and to give it
greater penetrating power. Use in
proportion of 1 pint of molasses to 5
gallons of the wash.
(h) Alum tends to prevent rubbing
and is used in proportion of 1 oz. to
1 gal. of the wash. It would not be
slowly to 5, stirring vigorously..
Do not mix more than can
be used in one day.
Il, 1, Soak 5 lbs. Casein in 2 ,gallons`
hot wager for 2 hours,
2. Ad'd 3 pinta of household ant"'
neonia to 1 gallon water.
8. When cold znix fraud 2.
4. Make e cream of 1 sack Hy-
drated Lime and 7 gals, Wetor.
5. Slowly add 8 to 4, s'tirr'ing vig-
orously.
6. Just before using, dissolve 5
pints Formaldehyde in 3 gals:
water and add it very slowly
to 5, stirring vigorously.
7. Thin to a milk -like consistency.
E. 1. Dissolve 3 -lbs, of Glee in 2 gal-
lons of hot water and allow to
cool.
2. Make a creamof 1 sack of I•Iy-
drated' Lime and 7 gallons .of
water.
3. Mix 1 and 2, stirring vigor-
ously.
4. Thin to a milk -like consisteney.
F. 1.. Make a cream of one sack of
Hydrated Lime' and 8 gallons
of water,
2. Slowly add 1 quart .of crude
Carbolic Acid, stirring vigor-
ously. The quantity of • acid
may be doubled if desierd.
3. Thin to a milk -like consistency.
G. 1. Make a cream of 1 sack Hy-
drated Lime and 7 gallons'.. of
water.
2. Dissolve 6 lbs., of salt in 3 gals..
of boiling water.
8. Mix 1 and 2 when cold.
4. Stir 3 lbs. of Portland cement
into 3.
USES FOR TILE DIFFERENT FORMULAE.
Formulae No. A and B -Unimport-
ant outdoor work, sheds, fences and
trees.
Formulae No. C and No: G -Higher
grade of work on dairies, buildings
and trees.
Formulae D -Basements that tend to
needed in the formulae 0, D, or E be damp.
given below. Formulae E -Dry basements.-;
(i) If a gloss is desired, dissolve 1 Formulae F -As a disinfectant vash
pound of bar soap in a gallon of boil- but liable to rub.
ing water and when it is cold add it
to 5 gals. of the thick wash.
My Water -Lily Pool.
SOME COMMON FORMULAE. Last spring rdecided that I could
A. 1. Dissolve 15 lbs. of common salt not, would not, do without water lilies
in 7% gallons of water. another season, So I coaxed my bus-
, 2. Slowly add one sack of Hy- band to saw in.two a big water bar-
drated Lime, stirring vigor- rel. He took rather more than half
ously. of it and sunk it in the backyard at
th d f h d
3. Thin this to a milk -like con-
sistency with water. '
B. 1. Make a paste of one `sack of
Hydrated Lime and 7 gallons
of water,
2. Dissolve one pound of common
salt and half pound of zinc sul-
phate in one gallon of boiling
water. Allow this to cool.
3. Pour this last solution into the
lime paste solution a little at
a time.
4. Stir in 2 gallons of "skins -milk.
C. 1. Soak 5 lbs. of Casein in 2 gal-
lons of hot water for 2 hours.
2. Dissolve 3 lbs. Trisodiutn Phos-
phate in 1 gallon water.
3. Mix these two and allow the
Casein to dissolve and cool.
4. Make a cream of 1 sack Hy-
drated Lime and 7 gallons
water.
5. Slowly add 3 to 4, stirring
vigorously.
6. Just before using, dissolve '3
pints Formaldehyde in 3 gal-
lons water and add it very
e en o a rose a ge.
He left a couple of inches above the
top of the ground, filled the' barrel
about two-thirds full -of rich soil and
turned on water, keeping it full till
the soil settled.
Instead of buying roots I sowed the
seeds myself -after the directions on
the packet -in a shallow crock and a
tin washbasin. I prepared these for
the seed by putting in each three ox
four inches of r=ich garden soil and
filling with water. All the' refuse
that floated to the top I skimmed off
till the water was clear. In the water
I dropped the seeds and they pres-
ently sank to the surface of the soil.
After keeping the vessels in the
sunshine for some thue the seeds be-
gan to sprout and I'" had a number of
tiny plants with their odd, prettily
shaped leaves getting green and grow-
ing wonderfully fast. I had to thin
them out ruthlessly, and when the
largest had grown three leaves I took
it up with care and transplanted it
into a box of soil. I used a quart -
size strawberry box which had open-
ing sufficient to allow the roots to
grow through but affording a hold for
the plant. Three of these boxes I
placed in the tub, with the water just
deep enough to permit the leaves to
reach the surface. Whenever the
water sank away from evaporation
we replenished it gently through the
hose, The outer edges of the barrel
we hid with blooming alyssum.
I have never grown anything to
:compare with these liilies in interest
for all the family. As each pert,
strangely large leaf appeared on the
tiny plant all must throng to see it.
And how fast these•leaves developed!
Then, when they get into the pool
and began to get really big, we for-
sook all other flowers to watch these.
Finally a bud appeared, long, point-
ed and rapidly developing, and one
hot morning, about ten o'clock, we
discovered the open bloom, pale blue
lavender with a golden throat and a
sweet, quaint fragrance.
After that we were constantly mar-
veling at the enormous leaves or
guessing whether the flower would
open again, for it only stayed open
two or three hours the first day. It
d'd for about four days in succession.
Meantime other 'Aids opened. And,
tho procession hent on, the leaves
spread out over the border•, a happy
frog hiding under the thicket of
leaves. The blooms continued until
quite cool alights toward the last of
September. We had thirty or more
blooms in all :from those three plants,
together with a fourth that we des-
perately saved by planting it in a
bird bath. It bloomed too, .;a rich
royal purple, and the birds respected
it though they ragged the. leaves
somewhat when they bathed.. If you
want a source of eternal joy and in-
terest for the :family, 'snake a lily
pool. -L. E. O.
THE ONTARIO GARDEN
VEGETABLE CALENDAR.
The following arrangements of
vegetables will guide the gardener in
planning his first planting of various
crops.
(a) Crops that can be planted in
the open two or three weeks before
the last frost are asparagus, rhubarb,
onion sets, radishes, spinach, kale,
lettuce (seed ;and plants), turnips,
early potatoes, early cabbage plants
and parsley.
(b) Crops that can be planted just
before the last frost are onion seed,
chard, early carrots, salsify, early
beets: and late potatoes.'
(c) Crops to be planted after dan-
ger of frost has passed are bush
beans, sweet corn and carrots.
'(d) Crops to be, planted after all
danger of frost is over, and the soil
has become warm, are tomatoes, pep-
pers, cucumbers, eggplant, squash
and melons.
ASPARAGUS CULTURE,
Every garden .should have at least
a small patch of asparagus which, if.
looked after carefully, will last Nom
twenty to thirty years. Asparagus
seed is sown thinly in rows three feet
apart in April or May, When the
seedlings are two or three inches
high, they should be thinned out to.
stand about three inches apart in
TOWS. To establish a patch more
quickly, ene year old roots may be
secured and planted. • The Washing-
ton variety, which is very disease re-
sistant and produces stocks of excel-
lent quality, is undoubtedly the best
to plant. Cultivate well during the
summer, and in the fall out tops off
and born. Mulch well with straw'
before the frost arrives. A light curt-'
ting may be taken the third year, but
fullcrops cannot be expected until
the plantation is four yearn old. In,
cutting use a long knife and sever
the young shoots about an inch be-
low the eurface of the ground. The
patch should be gone over every other
day and • the season will last until
about July. Manure heavily after
the rutting seasnn is ever, and apply
a top dreeeing el! nitrate of soda
early :;;r the slating. .ire,,.._ ......
FLOWERS IN SHADE.
The sandy portion of the garden
may be brightened up by special
varieties of flowers which will give
best results when not exposed to full
sun for the whole day. Among these
are the tuberous begonia, columbine,
foxglove, lobelia, viola, Kenilworth
ivy, godetia, and many others which
are specially listed in any seed cata-
logue. Among the perennials which
do well in p"artial shade are the del-
phiniums, or more commonly known
as the larkspur, iris, bleeding heart
and pansies.
FOR EARLY VEGETABLES.
It is a good plan to plant a few
rows of the hardy vegetables, such
as spinach, radish, lettuce, carrots
and beets as soon as possible. If
they, come through a considerable
gain has been secured in earliness;
if frost cuts them down the loss is
really trivial.
FOR A LASTING, GARDEN.
Too often one sees a garden fade
after a few years. Sometimes the
soil gives out, or it may be the gar
daner'e enthusiasm, or perhaps the
plants become so crowded together
that the whole thing reverts to a
wild, jumbled state with little or no
bloom. Choice flowers are often
crowded out by vigorous growers,
whose only existerl'ce at all is to act
as a limited background to show off
their more richly colored neighbors.
A good plan and thorough prepare-
tion in the first place would probably
have prevented any,of these failures.
Whether it is intended to grow flow-
ers, fruits or vegetables, the ground
should he plowed or Spaded. Tn the
case of flower -beds, it is best t: i go
downa couple of feet. Work in
plenty of: manure if the soil'isstiff
clay, strawy manure should be used,
The top soil should be raked fine and
fertilized with fine,, well -rotted ma-
nure or 'bone meal. Walks may be
made with gravel or sod. If the
former is used, dig out at least six
inches of Sell and fill with gkavel,
Decide %vhere your flower" garden ie
to end and the vegetables start, and
divide with a fence or hedge.
•
1 Seed My Swamp.
I have, found that it pays to sow'
grass seed, preferably IXentucky blare
grass, hi swamps and low places
where there • is; poor pasture. The
cattle will tramp down,, the seed. It
grows and makes a good pasture. -
A. G..Ifi.
The primer class . in dairying,
please learn this reit: The cost of
grain is about half the total cost of
feeding a cow.
Wilson Publishing g Company
1502
AN ATTRACTIVE FROCK FOR
MANY OCCASIONS.
This frock shows to special advan-
tage the charm of combining two ma-
terials -so smart this season. The
skirt has two godets in front and two
at the back and is gathered to a
bodice having a becoming round col-
lar and long tight -fitting sleeves fin-
ished with trine cuffs. A narrow belt
of the contrasting material completes
this chic frock. No. 1502 is in sizes
8, 10, 12 and 14 years. Size 10 years
requires 2% yards 36 -inch material
for the dress, and % yard 36 -inch
contrasting for godets, collar, cuffs
and belt. Price 20 cents the pattern.
Honie sewing brings nice clothes
within the reach of all, and to follow
the mode is delightful when it can be
done so easily and economically, by
following the styles pictured in our
new Fashion Book. A chart accom-
panying each pattern shows the ma-
terial as it appears when cut out.
Every detail is explained so that the
inexperienced sewer can make with-
out difficulty an attractive • dress.
Price of the book 10 cents the copy.
HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS.
Write your name and address plain-
Iy, giving number and size of such
patterns as you want. Enclose 20c in
stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for each number and
address your order to Pattern Dept,
Wilson Publishing Co., 73 West Ade-
laide, St., Toros to. Patterns sent by
return .mail.
- -I.
Tea leaves should not be thrown
away. Place a pint -of used leaves in
a pail, pour over them one quart of
boiling water, and leave for one hour.
Strain and' bottle the brown liquid.
If used with a piece of soft flannel
on 'mirrors, glasses or 'windows, it
makes them shine like crystal. It is
also a good cleanser for varnisher
wood and.,doors and furniture; also
for linoleum. A little liquid put on
flannel will clean linoleum better than
water, and if the linoleum is polished
afterward with a soft duster, you will
get a polish like that given by bees-
wax.
The best measure of a cow's efti-
t:iency is the feed cost of 100 pounds
,of. milk. If you use this yardstick
you will not be misled by changing
factors, such as selling price of milk.
conductor Rance Norton
One of the most .liopular condnctors-in
Canada, who has' com plated fifty years'
service with the CNA. He it chief
conductor of Toronto division No. 17,
Order of Railway 'Conductors,
A CORNER FOR YOUNG CANADA
WATERPROOFING YOUR SHOES,
Although you can buy several good
waterproofiing combinations on the
market, every one of you fellows
should know haw to mix a simple
Waterproofing solution at borne so that
you can "doctor" your high-topped
hiking boots or other shoes,
First scrape all the mud from the
shoes to be treated and then get them
perfectly dry, It's :a good idea to use
an old discarded toothbrush or a piece
of heavy woolen cloth wrapped round
a stick when, you put the mixture on
the shoes, as you want to work it into
the leather to get the best results.
Now for the materials you need to
make waterproofing mixtures. Ordi-
'nary beeswax and harness oil when
combined snake a dandy.waterproofing
compouud and they are quite inexpen-
sive. Melt together equal parts of
beeswax and harness oil and apply it
with, cloth or brush to the warm
leather. If you don't have any bees-
wax around the house you can substi-
tute paraffin, which is cheap. Lacking
either of these materials, use tallow.
The main thing is to use equal parts
of the oil and either paraffin, tallow
or beeswax and apply it when hot.
Don't forget to work it into the crack
between the sole and the ,apper part
of the boot. Usually two coats are
enough. It won't hurt to apply three,
however.
When I waterproof my boots I use
an old pan to hold the hot liquid and
then I set the sole of the shoe in the
mixture while I rub the stuff into the
tops. This assures the soles of a good
application, with all the pores of the
leather absorbing as much water-
proofing compound as they can hold.
-Robert Beckwith.
THE SMARTEST ANIMAL I
KNOW.
The smartest ' animal I know?
Bears, coyotes, foxes, wolves, horses,
cats, dogs ... they are all smart.
But in my experience, and I am writ-
ing only from that standpoint, I think
that the bear is the smartest.
As a ranger I have been more used
to bears than to any other animalJ
' Last spring, when I was alone at then'
ranger station and in the -region
where grizzlies and black bears were
thick, I ate niy meals at the house or
the hotel caretaker, In order to
reach his house, I had, to walk a mile
up the hill, and I knew by heart the
best trees along the way -the best
for climbing, For there were a dozen
or so of the silvertips around, and
they were in an especially mean hu-
mor that year.
I was coming back to the ranger
station one ;evening and saw, to the
west, a sight that I shall never ler-
get, .An elk, a monstrous creature,
stood silhouetted against the rosy cur-'
tain of the sky and he seemed to be
intensely interested in'! • something
which was between him and me. Then.
I saw what that was; it was five grit
Ekes and they didn't see me. . As Ii
started for my favorite tree -it being
the nearest at that neo n i en± -the elk
started running, and the grizzlies'
went after him.
And how they ran! I honestly be-
lieve that a grizzly, big as he is, eould
outrun the average Western cow hoss.
But the grizzlies began to spread out!
Two kept on the trail of the elk, and
the other three, one on one flank and
the two an the other, gradually over-
hauled the elk. The animal was hem-
med in on all sides. Finally they had,
the elk surrounded and started in on
him, but he gave a magnificent leap
and was off, and this time he out-
distanced the pursuers.
The grizzlies evidently gave the elk
up as a bad job, for I could see them
returning from the forest after sev-.
,eral minutes. But the way they
spread out to get the elk was a sight.`
For, hold-up work, the bear is well'
known. Several bears will get right
in the middle of the highway and stay'
there. When they have held up a
string of yellow busses or a fanati-
cally honking stream of auto campers
and have been fed with sweets, they,
lumber to the side of the road and
grin at everyone.
For almost human intelligence, it is
hard to beat a bear. -Ralph Pierson.
Government Encouragement
of the Hog Breeding
Industry.
The field work which the Dominion
Live Stock Branch is doing in aid of
the hog breeding industry is meeting
with considerable success. The de-
mand for hog grading demonstrations
is continuous, and they have been the
means of convincing many farriers of
the stability of the bacon hog for both
domestic and export trade. The boys'
and - • -ls' swine clubs have also
proven to be`valuable educational fea-
tures.
So popular has this work become
in the Province of Quebec that a num-
ber of representative commission
agents and packing companies have
sent a signed statement to the Life
Stock Branch enthusiastically com-
mending the field work of tho Govern-
ment and suggesting that even more
intensive efforts be made in districts
which have already shown gains.
They state that there has been a
.marked improvement in the type and
quality of hogs offered for sale and
that the improvement in hogs in terms
of dollars and cents has been at least
$1 per hundredweight on the average
quality of all stock sold.
Giddap!
"Oh boy, but that sweetie of mine is
a a'egular Adonis and he has such a
wonderful carriage."
"Carriage! Say, do you expect to,
go for a.buggy ride?"
COVER A MULTITUDE OF SINS
WITH FAINT BUT FOLLOW THESE RULES
9
BY FRANCES N. HENRY.
Paint coveys a multitude of sins.
When the kiddies or the carpenter
bang holes in the plaster, we say,
"I'll paint it over." Or when the
woodwork and the furniture gets to
looking the worse for wear, we can
call paint or varnish to our rescue.
But before we begin our spring
campaign of painting, there are a
few things we should "brush up on."
The covering capacity of paint per
gallon is about 550 square feet on
old work, On new work it is about
450 square feet. One gallon of liquid
varnish remover will clean off about
250 square feet of surface.
Paint should be neither too thin:
nor too heavy. For these who intend
to de their own painting of any kind, •
it is wise to purchase good. paints
from some reliable firm. All of these.
firms furnish free color cards, stat-
ing what colors should be used for
the body of the work, and what color
or colors should be used as a trim-
mer. you can purchase from these
firms most of the colors in the fiat
of glossy finish, whichever you de -
Always read carefully and follow,
the printed instructions on every cals.!
Now to the wort.. If it ins on new ,
work; go over the entire enface
lightly with No; 1 sandpaper and dust
off carefully. With a broad wooden'
paddle, stir up the entire contents 'of'
the can .entill all the head and other
heavy matter nt the bottom is thor-
oughly mixed: Then, through an old
piece of fly screen, strain the entire
contents into another can or contains'
er. This is done t:o remove all l.umty:
or other rough matter.
To every quart of the liquid add
about a :tablespoon of Japan dryer.
Apply the first or priming coat, al -
1 p y i t the direction of the grain,
ways i g , l
I
Use a small brush for the corners
PRINTED INS'T'RUCTIONS.
and tight places.. When this prim -i
ing coat has been allowed to dry for:
thirty-six hours at Least, go over the
entire surface very lightly with No.'
1 sandpaper and dust it off. carefully.:
Then putty all nail holes and spline
tered places. Color your putty with.
some of the paint. If it is too
smeary, stiffen the putty by adding
enough whiting. Give the entire sur-,
face another coat, and successive,
coats, if necessary, until aiu..even
color appears over the entire surface
of the work. Always allow thirty-
six or more hours for the drying of
each coat, and never apply a coat
unless the previous coat has been
lightly sanded if you wish to secure
a smooth job. The last coat should not
be sanded.
PROPER TREATMENT FOR OLD WORE.
Before proceeding to repaint old
work, examine the entire surface of
the work very carefully. If this sur-
face is badly clacked, blistered or
peeled off, your only remedy will be
to purchase liquid varnish remover,
and apply it .according to the printed
•direction on the calf, using bunches,
of excelsior with the remover until all
the old finish has been removed.
Then go over the entire surface with
a rag saturated with turpentine to
destroy the injurious effect that any
remaining remover would have upon
the eenP finish.. Thtn finish as di-
rect•ed for new work.
If the surface of the work is free
from these defects, clean the entire
surface with a rag, soap and water.
Thee dry sand the surface lightly
with No, 1 sandpaper and finish ee
new work. I have an Irish friend,
who says that he is successful in all
things because what he lacks in
(liddyitShun he makes up in (Inijun
nit . 12you snake upin ingenuity,
� y) f; y;
what you .lack in experience, you;
will, like. my Trials friend, he successs.
ful in this work. a ., a„