Zurich Herald, 1927-03-24, Page 7Of Interest to Motorists
STEERING GEAR IS ONE v.4'
VITAL POINTS 01.E CAR.
If a' motorist can have adequate
control over the direction in which
its ear gavels he can usually avoid
rierious trouble, Even if he cannot
stop the machine by applying the
brake, he certainly can shut of the
.engine and eventually come to a halt,
But if the steering apparatus of the
vehicle sullenly ceases to function
properly the driver is likely to toe
quite out of luck. Under such cir
cunstaneee one is likely to appreciate
the feeling of a person in a small.
oat approaching the precipice of
iagara Fails. Only by good for-
tune does the driver of a stemless
car escape without mishap.
Fortunately, steering gears do not
often go bad. This fact Is due pri-
marily to the great skill and care on
the part of manufacturers of cars,
who have done everything possible
to make the steering apparatus fool
proof. While no large percentage of
the total. number .of motor accidents
can be laid to steering gears that
don't pea:tnit the driver to steer; yet
there are oncragh of such undesirable
irscidents to warrant every motorist
giving careful consideration to this
important aspect of his motoring ex-
perience.
TO INSURE EASY STEERING.
In order to insure the easy steer-
ing of a car and to give it the neces-
sary strength and the required flexi-
bility the front wheels of an automo-
bile are provided with certain peculi-
arities. At the lower end of the
shaft on which the hand -steering,
wheel is located there is a gear. This
is .usually of the worm type, although
other types are sometimes employed.
Because of this gearing it is possible
to swing the front wheels with very
little effort on the part of the oper-
ator. At the sante time it is neces-
sary to exert considerable pressure
on the front wheel to move the
steering or hand wheel.
This is how the adjustment has
been worked out: An arm from this
steering gear connects through a
drag link to a steering knuckle upon
which one of the front wheels is
mounted: The other front wheel is
made to move in unison with the first
through means of a tie rod connect
ed to its steering. knuckle: These
knuckle ,joints are necessarily points
of weakness as compared) with a solid
axle. Consequently there must be
provided some means 'of furnishing
strength,
UNDERGATIIEii AND FOREGATHER.
Suppose the front wheels were
Placed in a perfectly perpendicular
position. It Is easy to see that con-
siderable leverage would then be. ex-
erted on the steering knuckle pins.
Th1C would make for weak construc-
tion and would also cause a big re-
sistance to the turning movement
that is incident to the steering. To
overcome these faults the front
wheels are given what is termed
undergather. By this is meant the
distance between then at the point
where they touch the ground is less
than at their tope. ,
As a result the weight of the ve-
hicle bears directly'on a line with the
steering knuckle pins and no lever-
age is exerted. This undergather
would result in excessive wear on
the tires if both wheels were pointed
straight ahead—that is, set parallel.
To avoid this unnecessary wear the
wheels aro given what is called fore-
gather,• which means that they are
slightly closer together at the front
edge than at the rear. While this
difference is only about three-eighths
of an inch, it is very important that
the front wheels toe in that much.
Of course this does not apply to the
rear wheels, which in practically all
cases are exactly parallel to each
other.
WHEELS ALWAYS POINT AHEAD.
In addition to this foregather and
undergather, the steering knuckle
pins are given a slight rake so as to
produce a castor effect to the front
wheels. This rake consists in placing
the steering knuckle pins so that they
. lean backward. The result of this
engineering project when steering es
that the centre of turning c4f the
steering knuckle is a little ahead of
the point of contact where the tire
touches the road. This is done so
that the drag incident to pushing the
wheel along the road is back of the
centre of turning. The result is that
the wheels will always point directly
forward unless interfered with. So,
if a control rod becomes loosened, the
tendency of the car is to go straight
ahead. This is all to the good and
often prevents accidents.
The Honesty of Arabs..
An English geologist who has been
in the Oman, behind Muscat, related.
to the writer the following story of
one ty, oaf the Arabs in this
efe brocee. g 'a'longa
mountain trail one day when I saw
a small object on the ground and.
picked it up. It proved to be a lea-
ther roll such as the men in this
region carry, in which were knick-
knacks, flint and steel.Its nominal
value might total five cents. I of-
fered it to my guide and told 'him he
could keep it. He thanked tiir-but
took it and went over to a bowlder
and placed the leather roll on it in
a conspicuous place. I asked him
why he had done this instead of
keeping it. He replied that he could
not keep it as it belonged to some-
one else, who would undoubtedly re-
turn and find it.
"This incident is typical of these
Arabs. We saw often caravan loads
of dates -or merchandise dumped by
the roadside and left for several days
without guard. The Arabs had
heard of good grazing in some valley
and had taken their camels away,
leaving their loads at come spot
along the trail. And no one would
think of molesting or stealing the
dates or merchandise, although many
other Arabs might pass along the
sante route during the time of ab-
sence of the owners."
Fair Enough.
A barrister was accosted by au ex -
convict whom he had defended on
several occasions in the past.
"'Ere, guv'nor," said the man, "I
want you to defend me again—and
this time I've been falsely accused."
"Go, and see my clerk about it!" re-
plied the barrister.
"I can only after da couple o' quid,"
pursued the criminal, "but I ask you
to take it up 'cos I swear I'm as in-
nocent as a new-born babe. I never
pinched the stuff at all—•I swear I
didn't."
"Go and see my clerk!" repeated the
other.
"I'll 'make it . a fiver," begged the
Man, thinking that the fete question
was the obstacle to a favorable ane-
w. Again he received the same re -
'Well, look 'ere, guv-nor," he cried
in desperation, "I'm innocent, mind
you, but if you'll got me off, I'll give
You half the swag!"
Trolleys at Balaclava.
Baiaticlava, where the :Dight Brigade
Made its charge in the Crimean war,
le now crossed by a now electric rail-
way, one of the few suburban electric
steeet railway lines of Russia, At.
other suburban line has just beet
Opened, connecting S,ebaetopol With
several surrounding smaller towns.
T3aku, the richest city of the Caucasus
qa centro of the great ilusslau ofi
d trict, has had a street ear servieo
tor only three) years.,
Winter Buds.
•
There is a little tree beside my door,
A lovely thing of cool and gener-
ous shade,
And ,all the spring and summer days
s'htegweessesrs - s .
soft; g.een gar-,naent, intricately
mad e.
And
when her gracious,
arms were bare,
Tossed by the Autumn
wanton glee,
I -wondered if she
there,
For her bright leaves, the friendly
little tree.
spreading
winds in
were not lonely
But
Winter has a wardrobe too, I
know,
Of ermine mantle and of crystal
sheath
And lo, to -day, undaunted by the
snow,
Nine small, brown, saucy sparrows
for a wreath.
`- —Grace Burnham.
Young Verdi Smashes His
Piano.
When he was eight years old, Verdi
had not yet shown many signs of the
genius which he was to develop later.
He had, however, a spinet upon which
he was fond of picking out odd notes
and fragments of melody, One day he
struck two notes at once and then a
third, which sounded very pleasant, be-
ing, in faet, the ordinary common
chord. The next clay he tried to do the
same again, but could not find the
right key. At this he got so angry
that he picked up a hammer that was
lying by and began to masa. the in-
strument to pieces. Fortunately, the
boy's father was near and rescued the
spinet with a sharp blow on the head
which his son remembered for years
afterwards. What impressed him later
still more was the kindness of a neigh-
bor who repaired the instrument and
who wrote in the inside of i.t: "This
I do gratis •ineconsiderat.ion of the good
disposition shwa by the boy, Giuseppe
Verdi, in learning to play this instru-
ment, which amply compensates ma
for my trouble."
Cent al Japan Again Stricken by "Qu
1°7lNat S.A BAY
Mitt
Ai
l
�goa � ;yin
e
v
AWA.
Reports of great loss of life and vast
destruction are being received follow-
ing the serious earth tremors in the
central island of Hansb:lu, Japan, The;
shaded portion of the above snap indij
Dates the aevastated area in the great
disaster of 1023 when 98,000 lives were
lost. Directly north is the area 'affect,.
ed by the present eruption. The island;
is about 75 miles wider than from
Oseka and Kobe on the south to the
.northern coast line and apparently
moat of that territory suffered severe-
ly. Except for Kyoto, Osaka and Dobe
there are few large cities in the area,
which eeemis to have reduced the death
list, The shook, according to advices,
reached its highest point of intensity
in the ne.tli, Mineyama alone report-
ing 1,000 killed. Near Kyoto, an au -
Persistence Wins. .,-
Say not "I've failed" because the sue
Goes down upon your tka.sk undone'
To -morrow is another day,
When you again may join the fray,
And some day, should your steps not
lag,
A victory will crown your flag.
Say not "I've faded" because you see
No door fly open to your key,
For though you may not enter in
At once, persistence still may win;
Or, should you still be ieft outside,
You still may smile and spay: "I tried "
And failure, in the eyes of men, •
May rank as high achievement when
The motive and the will are tried •
By tests that through a,ll time abide;
And when life's play's again rehearsed,
What once seemed last may then be
first. A. B. C,
e6
An Astute Boy.
A little boy went to stay with his
grandmother and found her very par-
ticular about his table manners.
"Grandma," said he, "should I eat
my pudding with a fork?"
"Of course you should."
"Well, have you a nee I might
practise on?"
Fans in Ancient Egypt.
Ostrich feather fans were used by
Egyptian Pharaohs and princesses.
We ought to. doneighbor all the
�our
I,
good we can. If you do good, gad
Will be dorso to you; but if you do
evil the same will bo measured back
to you again.—Pilpay ,..
Not Fluent.
"Is he a solid talker?"
"I think so -his speech
flow."
cieet capital of Japan, the Amarube
bridge, the largest and highest railroad
span in the Orient, is reported to have
collapsed•. At Kumiyama and other
points shown ou the northern coast
horror and panic prevailed and people
were observed from an aeroplane to
be wandering in a dazed state on the
beaches. Many villages. are said to
have been leveled by fires which fol-
lowed the 'quake,
MEN . D WOMEN 0" TODAY
"My Friend the Prince."
There is, we hear, an enterprising
photographer in Sydney waiting for
the visit of the Duke and Duchess of
York in the hope that it will bring him
a harvest as golden as the one he
reaped on the oocaslou of the visit of
the Prince of Wales.
He had two large photographs of
the Royal visit, one showing the Prince
shaking hands with the Lorca Mayor,
the other a panorama of the multitude
of faces in the crowd. By an ingeni-
ous method of enlarging the individual
figures hi the crowd, and substituting
them for the Lord Mayor, he was able
to produce photographs of the Prince
shaking hands• in the warmest, most
intimate way with each person in. the
multitude.
This enabled thousands of people to
send pictures of a memorable meeting
(that never b.appen,ed9 to relatives in
all parts of the country.
`Royal" Farm Laborer.
At the little, village of Berrien, Es-
sex, lives a farm worker who, if he
wisrhed, could turn np his nose at peo-
ple whose ancestors "came aver with
the Oonquee-or." He is Mr. Thomas
Wiliiam Goodwin, and' his ancestry
has been traced) back to Earl Godwin,
father of King Harold, who was killed
at the Battle of Hastings, in 1066.
Deprived of their wealth and :pos-
doesn't 1
The island of Mystery.
Easter Island, in the Southern Pa-
oific, is the most mysterious spot in the
world. In spite of years of research
and study it remains a mystery. Aside
from a few trees which have been
planted there the island has not a tree
or large shrub. The entire land is
covered with hugh stone images erect-
ed by a people et whom nothing is
known. What the images represent
who made them and how long ago
they were erected no one knows. The
imges are crude and very much alike,
probably some gods or devils—all mak-
ing a mystery of which the world
knows nothing.
New Chilblain Cure.
Elastie pressure is being recom-
mended for the treatment of chilblains.
A'"i`ubber band, Vein. wide, is stretched
over the affected part at its greatest
thickness, and the relief from the itch-
ing and throbbing is said to be instan-
taneous. The pressure must be firm
but not painful.
sessions when King Harold died, his
relatives were obliged to take to the
laud and become farm laborers,, keep-
ing, however, the name of the Saxon
king. To -day, Harold's descendants
still plough the fields for a living.
Mr. Goodwin is a typical Saxon, with
fair hair and blue eyes, and is quite
content so long as he can do his work
we'll, cultivate his.patch of garden, and
bring up his family of two daughters
and one son, who is known in the via
lege as "Little Ding Harald,"
It was not until last Christmas that
he knew anything about his kingly des-
cent.
Comedy of H. G. Wells.
Mr. H. G. Wells must be highly
amused: at the fuss being 'made over
him by the French postal authorities
in the village of Grasse, where lie is
living just now. His post -bag has been.
so heavy that the postmaster, not
knowing who he really was, began to
suspect him of being a spy of some
A Prrtyeir for Joy.
God of the green fields, mid the' eare4
less lioturs,.
Thou who haat eash.fotked lover hap•
py thin»)--
Andi lavished oelors on.• the 101101160kflowers,
And given the Humblest bird. the Joe
of wlugs;
Thou who bast painted this fair earth
and sky
A perfect artist with a perfect plan ei
Touching the ooui of 'such a thing as
And touching still the soul et ever
man, .
Grant that we find ,our perfect joy 1n
Thee,
Ana thaouag11 Tliee, in the JOY of ear•er9`a
man;
That, serving both, we know true ser -1
vice free,
And happiness the end. of Thy •greats
plan!
Vera I. Arlett.I
St. Dun stao.'s by the Sea.
St. Dunetan's, the great lastitutioni
which hie done so much for these who.
lost their aigb.'t as a result of the War,
is shortly to close dawn its Londc'nt
workshop.
In this workshop many hundreds of;
blinded heroes have been trained to
adapt themselves to their life of dark-
ness, and have regained the sense oil
usefulness, service, and even hope.
Now, however, the London workshop
is beeoming too large for the number!
of men who ,stfill need training, and In
a ferw months' time these are to be
transferred to the institution's, coin
valescent home at Brighton, which ls;
to be enlarged.
The aftercare work at St. Dunetan's;
will still go on as before, and wile con- ,
tinue to be. directed from Londe -n.1
Over 2,000 men have been trained au)
Sot. Dunstan's, and are still under the
care of its organization.
Well Laid Shingles Help Keep House l
Warm Throughout.
The shoulders of •certain self -spacing
shingles seal the slots. In this way,
the thousands of openings found in the
ordinary individual shingle roof are
oiosed. Neither rain nor snow can)
blew through to the root boamrde ands
between them. Heat from within the
house cannot escape. Nor can the heat
kind, engaged in fomenting a revolu- from the summer sun beat into the
tion. He informed' the police and the %house. Such advantages make the
villa was watched. Finally the Chief I most practical of individual shing1es.'1
of Police visited Mr. Wells and asked
Mr. Wells why he received' so many
letter "I really don't know" was the Prepare Cellar Steps to Prevent
answer. It Is. �aidrfhat the authorities Accidents.
now believe him to be a fortune-teller Since the -cellar stairs will be in fres
et tite swindling variety and are still spent use during the winter and since
they are ordinarily a rather dusky-,
shadowy flight, It is a good plan to
watohing him.
Learn Both to Flay and
Work.
While it is wise to concentrate up-
on getting on in the world in the first
half of one's life, it is a tragic mistake
not to begin thereafter to indulge in a
rational aan,ount of rent and enjoy-
ment. Just as one has to learn how
to work successfully, one must learn
how to play successfully. Too many
men do not realize this until too late.
Then they find that the leisure to
which they had looked forward for
many years fails to yield the pleasure
they had expected and brings them
nothing but lonesomeness and dis-
lilusionment. The best plan is to
lighten the daily load as one grows
older by delegating responsibilities to
trained associates, but not to retire
completely. Neither all work and no
Play nor all stay and no work makes a
happy ending of one's days.
•
Animal 20 Feet Tall.
A dinosaur from Africa now being
assembled in London is expected to be
more than 90 feet long and 20 feet
tall.
C"``W • til
Briton's Bravest Deed.
.The Royal,. Humane Society has
awarded its gold medal for the
bravest deed of the year 1926 to
Hairy Smith, mate of the fishing
boat Sarepta, who rescued a com-
rade in a violent storm off the coast
of England. His vessel was return-
ing to Lowestoft, its home port, when
a sudden lurch threw one of the fish-
ermen, engaged in cleaning nets, into
the sea.
Before the ship could be stopped
the sailor, wearing heavy boots and
oilskins, was 300 yards astern and
had missed the lifebuoy thrown to
him.
Smith discarded his boots and oil-
skins and leaped' into the sea, reach-
ing the now unconscious man and
holding him until the ship was
manoeuvred for rescue work with a
life line. The task was extremely
difficult, but Smith held on to his
Man, and the two were finally hauled
on deck.
The society reports that it dealt
with 650 cases during the year, while
600 parsons were rewarded for sav-
ing
aving 585 lives.
paint the edges of the treads with
white paint. The smallest fraction of
tight that reaches the steps. will thr.ow
up the white strips into comparati.'ve
vividness, and •thus eliminate chanced
of tripping or missing a step because
of the dine Sight.
Must Be Reason for Color.
There should be a goad reason for
every bit of design or patterns that en<.
ters Into the deooration of s, room,
Some women frail to achieve satlsface
tory effects in interior decoration
simply because they have never +takeat
the trouble to study the problem.
Right.
The bashful bachelor encountered s,
neighbor, a young mother, and, wish/
ing to be neighborly, asked: --
"How is your little girl, Mrs. Jones?'"
"My little boy is quite well, thank(
you," replied the proud mother.
"Oh, it's a boy!" exclaimed. thea
bachelor, in confusion. "I knew it wad_
one or the other."
Thirty-five per cent. of the chicksi!
hatched every spring, die,
Proposed Mooring Masts on the Empire Airship Routes
laaan
4 i ,i T •!'ate :s /� 0d1^ZSS,Ptce.. 0
:r
Q
Er IU ! ,
UNITED $1,42,4
SmAar.,a'_.
MOOR/'N
M gSTS
, q_ nes, 47ai
WHERE AIRSHIPS MAY SWING SOM E TIME IN NOT TOO DISTANT FUTURE
Piii'l/A'rr
•
THEA_„s a.
�h.
yi•ii'x.•:ai
The above snap shows the various points at which airship mooring masts
may be erected on British hniplre routes. In Canada the question of loca-
tions is still engaging the officials of national defense. An expert from 'Bri-
tain will shortly assist with the selections. It is desirable to have these
lasts close to places with good railway fealties, but the necessary land
near such centres is thought to be too expensive for the present. The land
question Is the greatest difficulty for the present. For purposes of compari-
son Mooring masts have 'been placed in the Wrap at Vancouver, Ottawa, 1Iont-
real and Halifax. Only two of the masts are et present In existence, one at
Caa'dington, in Bedfordshire,, and the other at Ismailia, on the Suez canal.
A third is in course of erection at Karachi, In northern Indlix.. With regard
to the others, a special mission is being sent out from the air ministry to
examine the suggested sites, In West Africa Freetown, in Sierra Leone, or
Bathurst, in Gambia, Into, tae chosen. If, on the other bend, the eastern
route through Africa is eventually rilcaen, Mombassa may be the site of a
mast. Capetown would naturally be the terminal point on -this route,. bait if
it is, there may be a elation also at Durban, for it is regarded as poesibie.
that airships may event -nab- 'fly to Ausfiralia via Africa, in which oasts Durban
would bo the place for mooring mist, In Australia, if the route via India
is chosen, there will be a station at Port I1aarwin, and thereafter one at Mei4
bourne. or Sydney, er both, as the Australian government May see fit. If, oa
the other Band, the -route is to be via Afa•ica, the first station in'Australlata
likely to be established at Porth. In India it May be assumed that one et
more masts will be established south of Karachi. - .