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Zurich Herald, 1927-03-24, Page 2TREONTARI(1 GARDEN )Avert on the farm or in the large village garden one ea e put in the Vegetables and flowers without a plan, bat such a proceeding is not, recommended. A rough sketch on paper will save time, space and re - suit in a job you will not be ashamed To hasten growth give the lawn an application of nitrate 'of soda, about an ounce, during a wain fall, or it may be dissolved at the' rate of one OW= per gallon in water and applied with the ordinary watering eau. If at all possible, get a heavy roller over the lawn es soon as frost goes to have your friends look over when out. This firms up the top and packs the stuff starts coining through the the earth around the roots, which the rows. Many a carrot has been eaten before its time because the gardener responsible was afraid someone would see the crooked rows. A little plan- ping and a stake and string would have prevented this tragedy. Even where one is crowded it is surpris- ing the amount of stuff which can be grown in a small space. The av- erage yard in the village and a plot 50 by 100 feet on the farm, with a fence around it to keep out .the Chia - ens, will keep the table going in the matter of vegetables from early sum- mer until fall with a few bushels for winter storage. Where horse culti- vation is to be used all rows 30 inches apart, except in the case of spread- ing vegetables such as tomatoes, cu- cumbers and similar plants, which should have three to four feet. Early maturing stuff, such as spinach, let- tuce and radishes, can be placed in between the regular rows, as they will be ready and gone long before the main crop requires all the space. Where space and sunlight are limit- ed run the rows north and south, and they will not be shaded as much as if run the other way. Stake and heaving following the alternate tresz- ing and thawing has loosened. ieert ee A 31OT-BID. The man with a hot -bed has the edge on his neighbor. He can get, his garden started from two weeks to a month earlier than usual, and his crops come on that much sooner also. Lettuce and radish may be grown here and be ready for the table by the first of April and tomatoes • and cabbage given an early start, so that they will be giving table returns in July instead of August. Those excel- lent annuals, Cosmos, Zinnias, Pe- tunias and a host of others that will not only stand transplanting but are actually benefited by it will be ready to go into the open garden almost half grown by the end of May. The construction of a hot -bed is a simple matter. Locate facing the south, with a protecting building, hedgeor fence on the north side and the west also, if this is,possible. Feehh horse manure is usually used to generate heat for the hot -bed. This should be piled in a flat-topped heap • and watered lightly to start fermenta- •tie up cucumbers, tomatoes and pole tion. When the pile starts to steam beans. This will mean a little trouble, but earlier and cleaner crops will result. To relieve the • green monotony of the vegetable garden plant a few flowers in the corners and at the head of the rows, have the regular flower garden for cutting purposes located here and grow your sweet peas along one of the regular rows. CARE OF THE LAWN. After this more or less open win- ter the lawn will require a little ex- tra care first in f t thing th e fork it over, and •a day or two later, pile it on the site of the hot -bed. One can dig out a shallow pit or build up the manure pile above ground with a frame around it. Make sure that there is good drainage, then pile up your manure to a depth of at least 18 inches, when well tramped down, and about a foot more each way than the size of the window frame used to cover it. The usual procedure is to build a wooden frame the size of the window and place this on top of the manure. Then add a After the frost comes out it isprangs advis-. two-inch layer of fine soil and stick a able to freshen up the bare spots with good seed, raking this in lightly or sowing it on a late fall of snoW • be so constructed that the sash slopes eedh, when melting, will carry the a little to the south, which will allow seed down into the soil. It is best it to catch more sunlight .and also to sow in early morning, or evening, shed rain. The temperature will rise quickly for the first few days, then cool down, when the seeds may be thermometer in and cover the frame with a window sash, in which the panes fit snugly. The frame should when there is no wind If practic- able, cover the freshly seeded spots with a bit of chicken wire or trellis- work to scare away the sparrows. planted. ALFALFA HAY AND ALFALFA MEAL 'ali.•1•(LMl%i1.1.L%.' u.n.. .• �,.,•v21.y v.n .a.�i...J. The practice of grinding hay, corn - stover and other coarse feeds for live stock is carried on to a limited extent, and the enquiry comes is the practice worth the cost. Some feeders say it is, some say it is not. In a recent experiment the digest- ibility and net energy values of al - use sof finely divided feeds for these three classes. But this advantage in making the feed more acceptable is not always offset by any allowing of profit over the cost of grinding. If the stockman's labor is not fully em- ployed, and he can get power cheaply, it may be worth while to grind the falfa hay chopped to one inch lengths coarse feed, but no one need look to and of alfalfa meal were compared any material increasein value in so in a series of digestion and metabolism far as digestibility is concerned. feeding' tests with cattle. The hay and meal were given alternately dur- Chief Causes of Pigs Not ing six periods and comparisons were made. Each feeding period lasted 21 days and the results of the experi- ment were tabulated in detail. They show that the alfalfa bay was slight- ly better digested than the alfalfa meal, probably due to a suppression of rumination from the alfalfa ileal swallowed, at least in part beyond the paunch. The difference was 2.2 per cent. of the dry matter. QUEBEC CARNIVAL QUEEN Miss Clarida 1lioreau, of Quebec City, who was chosen Queen of the carni- val week which began February 21, the opening event being the first race in the three-day Eastern International Dog Derby. Miss Moreau presided over all the events of the week of festivity in which the entire city joined as a Grand Finale to the 'Winter. Sports season Grading Selects. i CLIMIgERS THAT I LIKE BY 'WARREN WILMER BROWN. thrust into the ground sidewise and covered with aboutan inch of soil, which should be light and rich. 1 To get strong plants ready for the open grounds during the • first warm i Juno days I plant then in my sun ' parlor any time in March, usually , 1 placing a pane of window glass over .the seed box. Germination is virtual - While I was preparing me garden' ly 100 per cent. if the seed is plant for its long - winter vacation the i ed properly. work was started late in September They demand plenty of moisture and ended with the planting of Bev- and after they are transplanted to eral thousand tulips just before 0e- individual pots light stakes are nec- tober frosts sent waves of unimagin- essary to keep them from sprawling. ably lovely color over our Maryland all over the place. Their final, quay- forests -•,-while this task was under tees are the sunniest spots of the way I came across a solitary cobasa garden, seedling. FOR'HOME C4UN'f1tY` Up to the Women's Institutes. "If the steady exodus to the .city is. stitute. "Twenty years ago where olui to be stopped, it will be up to the 'mentioned the work of the Inetst altes, Institutes to do it," said Mrs, Wood of Brockville, emphasizing sone of. the fine work in education, immigra- tion, health, and hone economies at the Ottawa Women's Institutes Con- vention held last November, An attempt to preserve the history of each county is to 'be made under the program of the Historical Re- search Committee through interviews with aged people and the preservation of relics and antiques and the encour- agement of County Museums. A de- lightful visit to the Dominion Arch- ives stimulated this resolve among the delegates. When pigs of the right type do not grade "select" the cause may be one. of the following: 1. Overweight—Overweight at the market. Fed too long, possibly wait- ing for a rising market. Feeder loses out because the pigs sell for $1 per cwt. less and do not make as econ- tinnical gains as are made under 200 From the foregoing experiment we pounds. lean that there is little likelihood of 2. Heavy Feeding Just After increasing the digestibility of a good Weaning—Pigs pushed on heavy fat - grade of alfalfa hay or other fodder of equal coarseness, when fed to ruminants or cud -chewing animals, by any grinding process. Grinding coarse fodders may have advantages in that coarse materials, are reduced to a condition that permits a thor- ough mixing therewith finely divided grains, or sweeteners. A ruminant animal can eat more ground feed in a limited time, it may be forced to eat feeds that ,are off flavor when fed teeing feeds such as barley, buck- wheat and corn too soon after wean- ing. Pigs must be grown on protein grown feeds and finished later. 3. Poor Feeding—Pigs starved or stunted in early life or held until old, coarse, and rough before they are up to market weight—generally soft in carcass and coarse in, texture. 4. 'tinder Finish—Pigs not finished to the desired 114, inches of fat down the back, generally through lack of alone, or caused to eat feeds that arefeed or a mistaken idea of what the hard to masticate, but in Coo far as finished bacon hog really is, good quality feeds are eencerned there is nothing gained by grinding for well grown cattle. For pigs, There are a number of- other .n - How in the world it ever happened nual climbers for which I have a to have started its career so late in marked preference because of their the season I could not tell, but there decorative and airy effect in back - it wag all by itself and, though but a ground positions such as the moon - few inches high, it was as healthy a little plant as you would want to see. So I decided upon an experiment. I dug it up with a good-sized' ball of earth, taking care not to cut the tin- iest rootlet, put it in an eight -inch pot and took it indoors. It was placed in the sun parlor, which has an eastern and outhern The highest records at the various exposure,' in a• position where 'tad get all the sun possible and after that it was given exactly the same at- tention as my other house plants. It got along beautifully from the very first and, while nothing like so rapid nor so robust in its growth as those raised outside, it was soon spreading its delicate tendrils in all dihetions and showed signs of want- ing to take possession of the wall against which it was planted. Know- ing that this vine likes even heat I lam waiting rather eagerly to see what it will do in the way of bloom, for the room that contains it is afflict- ed with terrific temperature ups and downs. THE BEAUTII`UL COBAEA. Extract from Ont, Dept. of Agri- culture Bulletin 320, . now ready for general distribution through Dept. of chickens or calves it may be different Agriculture, Toronto. Send there for and some advantage is derived by the your copy. Measure a Farm by its Pasturage. The best farming systems give a prominent plaice to pas- ture crops. Without an abund- ant supply of pasturage, the economical production, of live- stock on any large scale is sel- glom possible. Pasture and hay grasses are important also be- cause they protect and hold and enrich the soil A Cana- dian farmer travelling about his own country feels alinQst from instinct when he enters a section of abundant and pro- ductive pastures that he has found a good farming section; and he is usually right about it. 1"r eckles': constitute many a sort's apete. yxq flower, the : cardinal climber, the canary -bird vine with its odd flowers, like miniature yellow orchids, the scarlet runner and the climbing nasturtium. Egg Laying Trials. Boosting the farm income and the means farm women were taking to do it, was dealt with by 'Lis. II. Aitken of Becton. Poultry raising, fruit growing, turkey pools, tea rooms, the right kind of tourist accommodation were some of the ways in which this was being done. One delicate young girl turned to turkey raising as a means of creating an ineome from out-of-door work. So successful were her efforts that her birds were this year rated -highest in those sent to American markets, Another young Business allege teacher opened a small school in her living room where she taught the farm young people typewriting, shorthand and business method, thus helping both herself and the boys and girls. it was answered, "O'h, yes, OA is where the women meet to exchaug,o recipes." "That still held good," Mr. Putnam said, "though ?the Institutes of to -day have broadened mite the meat valuable channel through which Government Departments pour a, stream of service to all the people. They co-operate ' with the Mothers'' Allowance Board, hospitals,. the "care pf neglected .children, the Dominion and Provincial Immigration Depart -i ments, the Child Welfare and Health Departments, as well as local and community. needs. This interest ex-' tended even to the international child when at a delightful luncheon at the Chateau Laurier, the delegates listen - ,ed, to Miss Charlotte Whitton tell how, as one of the greatest heritages of the war, the various c iuntxies of the world now placed chief importance on child welfare. "The 'question oi'; social and child welfare has been lifts, ed out of any spasmodic sphere up to, a key ,department of the state's life," she said,"and the nations perceive it as one • of the greatest economic considerations ;apart frons the moral side," Italy and Poland, she learned__ this year at Geneva, realizing the, ,evils of alcohol on child life, are Beek-;, ing legislation to decrease ,the traffic.; A further study of Canada's place in the League of Nations came when Mr. Norman MacKenzie, Professor of International Law in Toronto Uni- versity, gave an informative talk.' Women, who were still bearing the burdens of a war which desteoyed' thousands of sons and mothers, had pleaded: "1 did not raise my son to be a soldier, to kill some other moth- er's other's darling •bey," and laid a burden of debt upon the people that consum- ed half the revenue. "In thinking internationally," be told his audience, "three questions forced themselves upon us. These were population, raw resources, rates. Italy and Japan claim they have not room for their people and ask if Canada has the right to spread over half a continent Canada's raw resources are, prac"'tic ally untapped. Europe wants to pool the resources of the world. The rase question of the mixing of the white, yellow and black races is one we must face sooner or later. Such problems can only be solved by thinking inter- nationally." A very high note of idealism in service was also struck by President Mrs. Field Robertson and the Conven- tion went on record as condemning the narcotic evil and asking the De- partment of Education to distribute literature and give regular instructie <Canadi follows: Canadian National, 332 eggs, won by White Leghorn. . Vancouver Island,, 327 eggs, won. by White Leghcr n. Dominion, 291 eggs, won by Barred Plymouth Rock. Prince Edward Island, 288 eggs, won byBarred Plymouth Rock. Saskatchewan, 287 eggs, won by `Barred Plymouth Rock, Ontario, 284 eggs, tie, White Leg- horn and Barred Plymouth Rock, each laying 284. New Brunswick, 281 eggs, won by Barred Plymouth Rock. Nova Scotia, 260 eggs, won by White Leghorn. In eleven egg -laying trials held in The Girls' Institutes told of, how rest rooms, hospitals, and school boards as well as needy mothers and children had received active and prac- tical aid during the year. Not only had they a dentist's talk for them- selves on the care of the teeth at Delta Junior Branch but arranged with the school board for a dental in- spection of the school children. These girls entertained the grandmothers•, e'n'couraging their ancestors by giv- ing •a prize to the youngest 'and an- other to the one with the most grand- children. Although a most successful Girls' Conference just concluded at Kempt- ville lessened the girl delegates' num- bers, the Seniors felt the timedevoted to their interests amply justified by the fresh youthful point of view they brought to the Convention. This was again touched on by -Miss Emily Guest in a talk on "Backward, Around, Forward in Nation -building"• when down through the generations was tracedthe part played loyally by women in building up this country. "We were happier then," said the old people, "when we were all the same in the woods and all helped each The cobaea (cobaea scandens) to me Canada during 1925 there were 3,930 is the most desirable of all annual hens, and their average wass 139 eggs climbers. Outdoors in my garden it each. There were among the 3,980 makes a growth of 15 or 20. feet a birds, 17 that laid over 300 eggs each. season and during the latter part of Eg-laying competitions give the the summer it is covered with its breeder an accurate line on what his strange and beautiful blossoms. These stock will do in egg production. The resemble, somewhat, in shape the real producers :ire singled outsand "cup- and saucer" campanula, their used in the breeding pen for the odd characteristic being that they propagation of a select race of egg come out apple -green and gradually producers. There is, no one best change to deep blue. There is also a white variety (alba). The coba;a is rather exacting in its requirements; particularly must they be met in the method of planting seed. They object to being put to bed, as it were, on the flats of their backs, a fact it took me several years to learn What they crave is to • be Eggs and More Eggs. The requirements for high egg production are clean, dry, comfort- able houses, that are free from di- rect draughts over the birds, and that are well lighted. The feeding. consists of a variety of grains, green feed, animal feed, grit and shell, which is clean, sweet and, wholesome, and is given to the birds regularly and, in such quantities that they have all they want to eat befor e going to roost' at night; that the supply of. drinking material is clean and abun- dant; that the attendant is regular in his or her work and is interested hi the same; that the birds are bred from good laying ancestors, and that they are hatched at the proper sea - sen and well reared, and are fres from disease. ,,y . says that explorer Stofanssois; the e p y in the course of almost twelve *ears spent in the Arctic regions, his diet *ea 100 per cent meat the greater part of the Llano. •-, • ,-,•- .-•. breed or variety for egg production. Laying ability Ties more in the strain or family than en the breed. While modern poultry -keepers know ]row to get more eggs from their hens, these eggs have thinner shells than those laid 'under more natural circumstances. THOUSAND WELCOME WHITE EMPRESS Over 10,000 people lined the coast at Vancouver to welcome the Cana. di an :Pacific Empress cress of Canada, flagship of the Pacific fleet, when she steam- ed. into her home port from the. Orient recently, glistening in her new garb of white paint. She was escorted by several Canadian Government seaplanes. The decision of the f;anadfan ,Pacific to make their refitire Pacific feet white has met with a�n �roval in the shfpl leg world and also by`passeat ers, wii 1 filar, They will be known with whom these ,glint t'r'an!s-I'aciilc liners are 1 io tr as the "White Rrueressos of the Peel fie," and meke a beautiful platen steam- ing throig'tr; the blue waters of the Paciftc. Ne gre a " ed the clothing as well as did the housekeeping." Then came the era of brick and stone structures and the growth of towns, and the homemakers kealized that the whole community had become the home and had to be Made safe for the family. To the girls of to -day, the women will hand on the trust for the future, girls whose young heads, hearts and hands were being trained for this responsibility through the Institutes. The value of practical experience to the individual and the fact that the Institute is first and foremost an edi'rcational institution was never lost sight of and was specially stress- ed by the Superintendent when urg- ing that the 'girls and young women of the community be given some re- sponsibilities in the work of the In - q _ran. in municipal elections was also as for farmers' daughters, a stricter ob- servance of the Lord'"s Day, system- atic ystematic training in vocal music for count% try schools, and legislation for the. further care of the feeble-minded were some of the other things asked for by the Convention. The.consideration of improved agri- culture reached its climax in the hum- orous and pithy address of Mr. El- ford of the Ottawa Experimental Farm who explained the whole .work- ing of these farms and the expert service that might be had just for the asking, while he paid a warn tribute, as did the whole Convention, to the work of the Superintendent, Mr. Put- nam, in his administration of the De- partmental services from Toronto. Save the Lambs. Every reasonable effort should be made to save the lamb crop.' Much trouble and loss can be avoided by having the ewes in proper condition. If the lambs dome on grass usually very little special attention is requir- ed. If, however, they are lambed in the sheepfold prior to turning out, the ewes should be watched closely until each lamb has nursed, after which very little individual attention Should. be required. It is very essen- tial that an attendant be on watch for lambs which are born during the A few small portable pens about 4 x 4 feet should be provided to iso- late each ewe with her lamb for thirty-six tp `forty-eight hours after lambing, especially if they cone dur- ing the cold spell or in case for any reason the ewe fails to own her lamb promptly. Light panels provided with hooks and oyes can be hooked together and placed along the wall as needed. After the lambs begin to come, spe- cial attention should be given to bed- ding the pens, clean dry beds, being provided at all time. Noconsiderable depth of manure should be allowed to accumulate underneath the bed, as the ammonia fumes generated' there- in will cause sore eyes and retard the development of the lambs, and will consume much more water. Lack of it will -retard the milk flow. If the lambs come before the ewes have been' sheared, any loose tags around the udder or flanks should be clipped off. The lambs seem to crave this wool. It forms wool balls in, the stomach which are almost certain' to be fatal. At from two to four weeks of age the lambs ehoeld be docked, and the male lambs not selected for breeding should be castrated. The docking can perhaps be best performed by the use of a hot docking pincher. Lambs docked and castrated do better, pre- sent a better appearance and sell for more money. --H. L; G. The creep should be provided, where the lambs may have access to a grain mixture, and hay which can- not be reached by the ewes. Equal parts of cracked corn, erushed oats and bran constitute a good mixture for this purpose. It is surprising how much faster the lambs will develop whet this plan is adopted. A good supply of fresh water should be available at all trines, This is especially important after the lambs begin to come, as the ewes are ixt a more or less fevered eonditioar What We Use on the Farr.. To obtain information relating to the value of products whieh -are fur- nished by the faun to the farm fam- lily a careful investigation was made on 38 farms in one county. The items included dairy and poultry produce, meats, flour, vegetables, fruits, fuel and house rent. The farm value of these products aver- aged. . $578.59 per farm. The city values of the same products, that is, if purchased on the city market for the home, was 31,203.97. These fig- ures provide a sidelight on how much more it costs to live in the city than on a .farm. The ; investigation also revealed the fact that some farms were purchasing at city prices what; they should bo• producing in the home,. garderte; A thrifty farm family,, makingfull use of its oppertunitics on the .land, can keep the home going with luxuries that people living Jill town en moderate income seldoni, see. We often neglect to credit the. h it does and •s* farm for what r ome people on the laird fail to take full measure of the opportunities that thc land on which the live ofex'a 'bras. '